Sedimentary stylolite networks and connectivity in limestone: Large-scale field observations and implications for structure evolution

Journal of Structural Geology

Volumn 63, Issue , 2014, Pages 106-123

  Laronne Ben Itzhak, L ^a   Aharonov, E ^a   Karcz, Z ^b,e   Kaduri, M ^a,f   Toussaint, R ^c,d  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

^b EXXONMOBIL UPSTREAM RESEARCH COMPANY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG EOST   (France)

^d Det Norske Videnskaps Akademi   (Norway)

^e Delek Drilling LP ^*  (Israel)

^f UNIVERSITÉ GRENOBLE ALPES   (France)

Author keywords

Basin evolution; Permeability; Pressure solution; Strain partitioning; Stylolites

Indexed keywords

CARBONATES; MECHANICAL PERMEABILITY; SEDIMENTOLOGY; SOLVENTS;

BASIN EVOLUTION; LARGE-SCALE ANALYSIS; LARGE-SCALE DISTRIBUTION; PRESSURE SOLUTION; STATISTICAL PARAMETERS; STRAIN ACCOMMODATIONS; STRAIN PARTITIONING; STYLOLITES;

POPULATION STATISTICS;

BASIN EVOLUTION; CARBONATE ROCK; LIMESTONE; PERMEABILITY; POPULATION TYPE; POROSITY; STRAIN PARTITIONING; STYLOLITE; SURFACE ROUGHNESS;

EID: 84897064443     PISSN: 01918141     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsg.2014.02.010     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Aharonov E., Katsman R. Interaction between pressure solution and clays in stylolite development: insights from modeling. Am. J. Sci. 2009, 309(7):607-632.
2. Aharonov E., Katsman R., Laronne Ben-Itzhak L. How do stylolite networks and stylolite-fracture networks form: insights from modeling. 28th IUGG Conference on Mathematical Geophysics, Pisa, Italy 2010.
3. Aharonov E., Laronne Ben-Itzhak L., Katsman R., Karcz Z., Kaduri M. Stylolite populations in limestone: field observations and formation models, abstract T33C-2427. AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco 2011.
4. Alvarez W., Engelder T., Geiser P.A. Classification of solution cleavage in Pelagic limestones. Geology 1978, 6(5):263-266.
5. Andrews L.M., Railsback L.B. Controls on stylolite development: morphologic, lithologic, and temporal evidence from bedding-parallel and transverse stylolites from the US Appalachians. J.Geol. 1997, 105(1):59-73.
6. Arzani N. Stylolite networks in dolomitized limestones and their control on polished decorative stones: a case study from the Upper Cretaceous Khur quarries, central Iran. JGeope 2011, 1(2):25-37.
7. Benedicto A., Schultz R.A. Stylolites in limestone: magnitude of contractional strain accommodated and scaling relationships. J.Struct. Geol. 2010, 32:1250-1256.
8. Bour O., Davy P. On the connectivity of three-dimensional fault networks. Water Resour. Res. 1998, 34(10):2611-2622.
9. Bunde A., Havlin S. Fractals and Disordered Systems 1991, 350. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. A. Bunde, S. Havlin (Eds.).
10. Carozzi A.V., Vonbergen D. Stylolitic porosity in carbonates - a critical factor for deep hydrocarbon production. J.Petrol. Geol. 1987, 10(3):267-282.
11. Carrio-Schaffhauser E., Raynaud S., Latière H.J., Mazerolle F. Propagation and localization of stylolites in limestones. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ. 1990, 54(1):193-199.
12. Cartwright J.A., Trudgill B.D., Mansfield C.S. Fault growth by segment linkage: an explanation for scatter in maximum displacement and trace length data from the Canyonlands Grabens of SE Utah. J.Struct. Geol. 1995, 17(9):1319-1326.
13. Cello G. Fractal analysis of a Quaternary fault array in the central Apennines, Italy. J.Struct. Geol. 1997, 19(7):945-963.
14. Corwin L.W., Broomhall R.W., Saidikowski R.M., Wooten J.N. Stylolites Impact the Miscible Nitrogen Flood in a Mature Carbonate Oil Field 1997, 213-221. SPE International, Inc, 37780.
15. Croize D., Renard F., Bjorlykke K., Dysthe D.K. Experimental calcite dissolution under stress: evolution of grain contact microstructure during pressure solution creep. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 2010, 115.
16. Dawers N.H., Anders M.H., Scholz C.H. Growth of normal faults - displacement-length scaling. Geology 1993, 21(12):1107-1110.
17. Deboer R.B. Thermodynamics of pressure solution - interaction between chemical and mechanical forces. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1977, 41(2):249-256.
18. Ebner M., Koehn D., Toussaint R., Renard F. The influence of rock heterogeneity on the scaling properties of simulated and natural stylolites. J.Struct. Geol. 2009, 31(1):72-82.
19. Ebner M., Koehn D., Toussaint R., Renard F., Schmittbuhl J. Stress sensitivity of stylolite morphology. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 2009, 277(3-4):394-398.
20. Ehrenberg S.N. Porosity destruction in carbonate platforms. J.Petrol. Geol. 2006, 29(1):41-51.
21. Engelder T., Marshak S. Disjunctive cleavage formed at shallow depths in sedimentary rocks. J.Struct. Geol. 1985, 7(3/4):327-343.
22. Eren M. Origin of stylolite related fractures in Atoka bank carbonates, Eddy County, New Mexico, USA. Carbon. Evap. 2005, 20(1):42-49.
23. Finkel E.A., Wilkinson B.H. Stylolitization as source of cement in Mississippian Salem Limestone, West-Central Indiana. AAPG Bullet.-Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geolog. 1990, 74(2):174-186.
24. Fletcher R.C., Pollard D.D. Anti-crack model for pressure solution surfaces. Geology 1981, 9(9):419-424.
25. Fueten F., Robin P.Y.F. Finite-element modeling of the propagation of a pressure solution cleavage seam. J.Struct. Geol. 1992, 14(8-9):953-962.
26. Gratier J.-P., Guiguet R., Renard F., Jenatton L., Bernard D. Apressure solution creep law for quartz from indentation experiments. J.Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2009, 114:B03403.
27. Greene G.W., Kristiansen K., Meyer E.E., Boles J.R., Israelachvili J.N. Role of electrochemical reactions in pressure solution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2009, 73(10):2862-2874.
28. Gruzman Y. Origin of Report Sedimentary Stylolites from Israel 1997, Unpublished M.Sc thesis, Hebrew University.
29. Gupta A., Scholz C.H. Amodel of normal fault interaction based on observations and theory. J.Struct. Geol. 2000, 22(7):865-879.
30. Guzzetta G. Kinematics of stylolite formation and physics of pressure-solution process. Tectonophysics 1984, 101:383-394.
31. Heald M.T. Stylolite in sandstones. J.Geol. 1955, 63(2):101-114.
32. Heald M.T. Cementation of Simpson and St. Peter sandstones in parts of Oklahoma, Arkansas and Missouri. J.Geol. 1956, 64(1):16-30.
33. Heap M.J., Baud P., Reuschlé T., Meredith P.G. Stylolites in limestones: barriers to fluid flow?. Geology 2014, 42(1):51-54.
34. Hickman S.H., Evans B. Kinetics of pressure solution at halite-silica interfaces and intergranular clay films. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 1995, 100(B7):13113-13132.
35. Kaduri M. Interconnected Stylolite Networks: Field Observations, Characterization, and Modeling 2013, M.Sc. thesis, The Hebrew University.
36. Kaplan M.Y. Origin of stylolites. Docl. Acad. Sci. USSR Earth Sci. Sect. 1976, 221:205-207.
37. Karcz Z., Scholz C.H. The fractal geometry of some stylolites from the Calcare Massiccio Formation, Italy. J.Struct. Geol. 2003, 25(8):1301-1316.
38. Katsman R. Extensional veins induced by self-similar dissolution at stylolites: analytical modeling. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 2010, 299:33-41.
39. Katsman R., Aharonov E. Modelling localized volume changes: application to pressure solution and stylolites. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2005, 69(10):A312.
40. Katsman R., Aharonov E., Scher H. Localized compaction in rocks: Eshelby's inclusion and the spring network model. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2006, 33(10).
41. Katsman R., Aharonov E., Scher H. Anumerical study on localized volume reduction in elastic media: some insights on the mechanics of anticracks. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 2006, 111(B3).
42. Koehn D., Renard F., Toussaint R., Passchier C.W. Growth of stylolite teeth patterns depending on normal stress and finite compaction. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 2007, 257(3-4):582-595.
43. Koehn D., Ebner M., Renard F., Toussaint R., Passchier C.W. Modelling of stylolite geometries and stress scaling. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 2012, 341-344:104-113.
44. Landau L.D., Lifshitz E.M. Theory of Elasticity. Course of Theoretical Physics 1986, vol. 7. Elsevier Ltd.
45. Laronne Ben-Itzhak L., Aharonov E., Toussaint R., Sagy A. Upper bound on stylolite roughness as indicator for amount of dissolution. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 2012, 337-338:186-196.
46. Lehner F.K. Amodel for intergranular pressure solution in open systems. Tectonophysics 1995, 245(3-4):153-170.
47. Lind I.L. Stylolites in chalk from Leg 130, Ontong Java Plateau. Proc. Ocean. Drill. Program Sci. Res. 1993, 130:445-451.
48. Losonsky G. Burial Depth and Lithofacies Control of Stylolite Development in the Mississippian Salem Limestone, Illinois Basin 1992, University of Cincinnati.
49. Main I. Statistical physics, seismogenesis, and seismic hazard. Rev. Geophys. 1996, 34(4):433-462.
50. Maloy K.J., Toussaint R., Schmittbuhl J. Dynamics and structure of interfacial crack fronts. Proceedings of the ICF11, 11th International Conference on Fracture, Torino 2005.
51. Maloy K.J., Santucci S., Schmittbuhl J., Toussaint R. Local waiting time fluctuations along a randomly pinned crack front. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 96(4):045501.
52. Mardon D. Localized Pressure Solution and the Formation of Discrete Solution Seams 1988, Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, Texas A&M University.
53. Marshak S., Engelder T. Development of cleavage in limestones of a fold-thrust belt in Eastern New-York. J.Struct. Geol. 1985, 7(3-4):345-359.
54. Mclachlan D.S., Blaszkiewicz M., Newnham R.E. Electrical resistivity of composites. J.Am. Ceram. Soc. 1990, 73(8):2187-2203.
55. Mcleod A.E., Dawers N.H., Underhill J.R. The propagation and linkage of normal faults: insights from the Strathspey-Brent-Statfjord fault array, northern North Sea. Basin Res. 2000, 12(3-4):263-284.
56. Nenna F.A., Aydin A. The formation and growth of pressure solution seams in clastic rocks: a field and analytical study. J.Struct. Geol. 2011, 33:633-643.
57. Park W.C., Schot E.H. Stylolites - their nature and origin. J.Sedim. Petrol. 1968, 38(1):175-191.
58. Paterson M.S. Atheory for granular flow accommodated by material Transfer via an intergranular fluid. Tectonophysics 1995, 245(3-4):135-151.
59. Peacock D.C.P., Sanderson D.J. Pull-aparts, shear fractures and pressure solution. Tectonophysics 1995, 241(1-2):1-13.
60. Powell C.M. Amorphological classification of rock cleavage. Tectonophys. Microstruct. Process. Deform. Metamorph. 1979, 58(1-2):21-34.
61. Railsback L.B. Lithologic controls on morphology of pressure-dissolution surfaces (Stylolites and dissolution seams) in Paleozoic carbonate rocks from the Mideastern United-States. J.Sedim. Petrol. 1993, 63(3):513-522.
62. Raynaud S., Carrioschaffhauser E. Rock matrix structures in a zone influenced by a stylolite. J.Struct. Geol. 1992, 14(8-9):973-980.
63. Renard F., Brosse E., Gratier J.P. The different processes involved in the mechanism of pressure solution in quartz-rich rocks and their interactions. Quartz Cementation in Sandstones 2000, Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK. R.H. Worden, S. Morad (Eds.).
64. Renard F., Gratier J.P., Jamtveit B. Kinetics of crack-sealing, intergranular pressure solution, and compaction around active faults. J.Struct. Geol. 2000, 22(10):1395-1407.
65. Renard F., Dysthe D., Feder J., Bjorlykke K., Jamtveit B. Enhanced pressure solution creep rates induced by clay particles: experimental evidence in salt aggregates. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2001, 28(7):1295-1298.
66. Renard F., Schmittbuhl J., Gratier J.P., Meakin P., Merino E. Three-dimensional roughness of stylolites in limestones. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 2004, 109(B3).
67. Rolland A., Toussaint R., Baud P., Schmittbuhl J., Conil N., Koehn D., Renard F., Gratier J.P. Modeling the growth of stylolites in sedimentary rocks. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 2012, 117(6):B06403.
68. Rye D.M., Bradbury H.J. Fluid-flow in the crust - an example from a Pyrenean thrust ramp. Am. J. Sci. 1988, 288(3):197-235.
69. Safaricz M. Pressure Solution in Chalk 2002, Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Royal Holloway University of London.
70. Safaricz M., Davison I. Pressure solution in chalk. AAPG Bull. 2005, 89(3):383-401.
71. Schmittbuhl J., Renard F., Gratier J.P., Toussaint R. Roughness of stylolites: implications of 3D high resolution topography measurements. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 93(23).
72. Segall P., Pollard D.D. Mechanics of discontinuous faults. J.Geophys. Res. 1980, 85(B8):4337-4350.
73. Shekhar R., et al. Modelling and simulation of a Jurassic carbonate rampoutcrop, Amellago, High Atlas Mountains, Morocco. Pet. Geosci 2014, 10.1144/petgeo2013-010.
74. Shimizu I. Kinetics of pressure solution creep in quartz - theoretical considerations. Tectonophysics 1995, 245(3-4):121-134.
75. Sibley D.F., Blatt H. Intergranular pressure solution and cementation of Tuscarora Orthoquartzite. J.Sedim. Petrol. 1976, 46(4):881-896.
76. Smith J.V. Three-dimensional morphology and connectivity of stylolites hyperactivated during veining. J.Struct. Geol. 2000, 22(1):59-64.
77. Sneh A., Weinberger R. Geological Map of Israel. Sheet 2-II Metulla 2003, Israel Geological Survey.
78. Stockdale P.B. Stylolites: their nature and origin. Indiana Univ. Stud. 1922, 9:1-97.
79. Tada R., Siever R. Pressure solution during diagenesis. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet Sci. 1989, 17:89-118.
80. Tallakstad K.T., Knudsen H.A., Ramstad T., Løvoll G., Måløy K.J., Toussaint R., Flekkøy E.G. Steady-state two-phase flow in porous Media: statistics and transport properties. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009, 102(7):074502.
81. Tallakstad K.T., Løvoll G., Knudsen H.A., Ramstad T., Flekkøy E.G., Måløy K.J. Steady-state, simultaneous two-phase flow in porous media: an experimental study. Phys. Rev. E 2009, 80(3):036308.
82. Tallakstad K.T., Toussaint R., Santucci S., Schmittbuhl J., Maloy K.J. Local dynamics of a randomly pinned crack front during creep and forced propagation: an experimental study. Phys. Rev. E 2011, 83(4):046108.
83. Thomson A. Pressure Solution and Porosity. Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral. Special Publication 1959.
84. Vermilye J.M., Scholz C. Relation between vein length and aperture. J.Struct. Geol. 1995, 17(3):423-434.
85. Walderhaug O., Bjorkum P.A., Aase N.E. Kaolin-coating of stylolites, effect on quartz cementation and general implications for dissolution at mineral interfaces. J.Sedim. Res. 2006, 76(1-2):234-243.
86. Weyl P.K. Pressure solution and the force of crystallization: a phenomenological theory. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 1959, 64:2001-2025.
87. Willemse E.J.M. Segmented normal faults: correspondence between three-dimensional mechanical models and field data. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 1997, 102(B1):675-692.
88. Wong P.K., Oldershaw A. Burial cementation in the Devonian, Kaybob Reef complex, Alberta, Canada. J.Sedim. Petrol. 1981, 51(2):507-520.
89. Zhang X., Spiers C.J. Compaction of granular calcite by pressure solution at room temperature and effects of pore fluid chemistry. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 2005, 42(7-8):950-960.
90. Zhou X., Aydin A. Mechanics of pressure solution seam growth and evolution. J.Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth 2010, 115:18.
91. Zubtsov S., Renard F., Gratier J.P., Dysthe D.K., Traskine V. Single Contact Pressure Solution Creep on Calcite Monocrystals. Geological Society Special Publication 2005.