Metabolic syndrome in turner syndrome and relation between body composition and clinical, genetic, and ultrasonographic characteristics

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 159-164

  Calcaterra, Valeria ^a   Brambilla, Paola ^a   Maffè, Gabriella Carnevale ^b   Klersy, Catherine ^b   Albertini, Riccardo ^b   Introzzi, Francesca ^a   Bozzola, Elena ^c   Bozzola, Mauro ^a   Larizza, Daniela ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA   (Italy)

^b FONDAZIONE IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN MATTEO   (Italy)

^c BAMBINO GESÙ CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTRO PROGESTIN; ESTROGEN; GESTAGEN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISORDERS OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ECHOGRAPH; ECHOGRAPHY; FATTY LIVER; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTRANSAMINASEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; KARYOTYPE 45,X; LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MIDDLE AGED; MOSAICISM; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; STEATOSIS; TURNER SYNDROME; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS INDEX; CHILD; FATTY LIVER; FEMALE; GLUCOSE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; LIVER; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; SEX DISTRIBUTION; TURNER SYNDROME; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84896952213     PISSN: 15404196     EISSN: 15578518     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/met.2013.0075     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet 2005;365:1415-1428. (Pubitemid 40523737)
2. Reilly JJ, Methven E, McDowell ZC, et al. Health consequences of obesity. Arch Dis Childhood 2003;88:748-752. (Pubitemid 37094225)
3. Aggoun Y. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Pediatr Res 2007;61:653-659. (Pubitemid 46804930)
4. Gravholt CH. Clinical practice in Turner syndrome. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2005;1:41-52.
5. Gravholt CH. Turner syndrome in adulthood. Horm Res 2005;64(Suppl 2):86-93. (Pubitemid 41665866)
6. Bondy CA. Turner syndrome 2008. Horm Res 2009; 71(Suppl 1):52-56.
7. Davenport ML. Approach to the patient with Turner syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:1487-1495.
8. Rubin KR. Turner syndrome. Transition from pediatrics to adulthood. Endocr Pract 2008;14:775-781.
9. Baldin AD, Siviero-Miachon AA, Fabbri T, et al. Turner syndrome and metabolic derangements: Another example of fetal programming. Early Hum Dev 2012;88:99-102.
10. Giordano R, Forno D, Lanfranco F, et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in a group of adult patients with Turner's syndrome under hormonal replacement therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 2011;164:819-826.
11. Schoemaker MJ, Swerdlow AJ, Higgins CD, et al.; United Kingdom Clinical Cytogenetics Group. Mortality in women with turner syndrome in Great Britain: A national cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:4735-4742.
12. Kuczmarski RJ,Ogden CL,Grummer-Strawn LM, et al. CDC growth charts: United States. Advance in Data 2000;1-27.
13. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, et al. Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and B-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985; 28:412-419. (Pubitemid 15018832)
14. Sarafidis PA, Lasaridis AN, Nilsson PM, et al. Validity and reproducibility of HOMA-IR, 1/HOMA-IR, QUICKI and McAuley's indices in patients with hypertension and type II diabetes. J Hum Hypertens 2007;21:709-716. (Pubitemid 47335301)
15. Zimmet P, Alberti KG, Kaufman F, et al.; IDF Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents-an IDF consensus report. Pediatr Diabetes 2007;8:299-306. (Pubitemid 47422902)
16. Varda NM, Gregoric A. Metabolic syndrome in the pediatric population: A short overview. Pediatr Rep 2009;1:e1.
17. Cohen JJ. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioural Sciences. Erlbaum, 1988.
18. Norman G, Monteiro S, Salama S. Sample size calculations: Should the emperor's clothes be off the peg or made to measure? Br Med J 2012;345:e5278. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e5278.
19. Kelishadi R. Childhood overweight, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome in developing countries. Epidemiol Rev 2007;3:1-15.
20. Miccoli R, Bianchi C, Odoguardi L, et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among Italian adults according to ATP III definition. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2005;15:250-254. (Pubitemid 41190981)
21. Calcaterra V, Klersy C, Muratori T, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children and adolescents with varying degrees of obesity. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf ) 2008;68: 868-872. (Pubitemid 351703935)
22. Gravholt CH, Hjerrild BE, Mosekilde L, et al. Body composition is distinctly altered in Turner syndrome: Relations to glucose metabolism, circulating adipokines, and endothelial adhesion molecules. Eur J Endocrinol 2006;155: 583-592. (Pubitemid 44608432)
23. Van PL, Bakalov VK, Bondy CA. Monosomy for the X-chromosome is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:2867-2870. (Pubitemid 44271727)
24. Giordano R, Forno D, Lanfranco F, et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes in a group of adult patients with Turner's syndrome under hormonal replacement therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 2011;164:819-826.
25. Hales CN, Barker DJ, Clark PM, et al. Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance at age 64. Br Med J 1991;303:1019-1022.
26. Hattersley AT, Tooke JE. The fetal insulin hypothesis: An alternative explanation of the association of low birthweight with diabetes and vascular disease. Lancet 1999;353:1789-1792. (Pubitemid 29240389)
27. Barker DJ, Gluckman PD, Godfrey KM, et al. Fetal nutrition and cardiovascular disease in adult life. Lancet 1993; 341:938-941. (Pubitemid 23109122)
28. Barker DJ. Fetal origins of cardiovascular disease. Ann Int Med 1999; 31(Suppl 1):3-6. (Pubitemid 29209697)
29. Hales CN, Barker DJ. The thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Br Med Bull 2001;60:5-20. (Pubitemid 34123501)
30. Levy-Marchal C, Jaquet D. Long-term metabolic consequences of being born small for gestational age. Pediatr Diabetes 2004; 5:147-153. (Pubitemid 39405987)
31. Clayton PE, Cianfarani S, Czernichow P, et al. Management of the child born small for gestational age through to adulthood: A consensus statement of the International Societies of Pediatric Endocrinology and the Growth Hormone Research Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:804-810. (Pubitemid 46465644)
32. Bruce KD, Hanson MA. The developmental origins, mechanisms, and implications of metabolic syndrome. J Nutr 2010;140:648-652.
33. Louzada Strufaldi ML, Koga Da Silva ED, Fiorini Puccini R. Metabolic syndrome among prepubertal Brazilian schoolchildren. Diabetes Vasc Dis Res 2008;4:294-297.
34. Reaven G, Abbasi F, McLaughlin T. Obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. Rec Progr Horm Res 2004;59:207-223. (Pubitemid 41327152)
35. Srinivasan SR, Myers L, Berenson GS. Predictability of childhood adiposity and insulin for developing insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) in young adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes 2002;51:204-209. (Pubitemid 34517999)
36. Rössner SM, Neovius M, Mattsson A, et al. HOMA-IR and QUICKI: Decide on a general standard instead of making further comparisons. Acta Paediatr 2010;99:1735-1740.
37. Meigs JB: Invited commentary: Insulin resistance syndrome? Syndrome X? Multiple metabolic syndrome? A syndrome at all? Factor analysis reveals patterns in the fabric of correlated metabolic risk factors. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:908-911.
38. Larizza D, Locatelli M, Vitali L, et al. Serum liver enzymes in Turner syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 2000;159:143-148. (Pubitemid 30139936)
39. El-Mansoury M, Berntorp K, Bryman I, et al. Elevated liver enzymes in Turner syndrome during a 5-year follow-up study. Clin Endocrinol 2008;68:485-490. (Pubitemid 351257871)
40. Koulouri O, Ostberg J, Conway GS. Liver dysfunction in Turner's syndrome. prevalence, natural history and effect of exogenous oestrogen. Clin Endocrinol 2008;69:306-310. (Pubitemid 352009030)
41. Elinav H, Israeli E, Shibolet O, et al. Idiopathic liver involvement in Turner syndrome. Israel Med Assoc J 2004; 6:56-57. (Pubitemid 38094381)
42. Koulouri O, Ostberg J, Conway GS. Liver dysfunction in Turner's syndrome: Prevalence, natural history and effect of exogenous oestrogen. Clin Endocrinol 2008;69:306-310. (Pubitemid 352009030)
43. Wasniewska M, Bergamaschi R, Matarazzo P, et al.; Italian Study Group for Turner Syndrome. Italian Study Group for Turner Syndrome: Increased liver enzymes and hormonal therapies in girls and adolescents with Turner syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2005;28:720-726. (Pubitemid 43162857)
44. Elsheikh M, Hodgson HJ, Wass JA, et al. Hormone replacement therapy may improve hepatic function in women with Turner's syndrome. Clin Endocrinol 2001;55: 227-231. (Pubitemid 32868588)
45. Conway GS. Oestrogen replacement in young women with Turner's syndrome. Clin Endocrinol 2001;54:157-158. (Pubitemid 32193515)
46. Salerno M, Di Maio S, Ferri P, et al. Liver abnormalities during growth hormone treatment. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000;31:149-151. (Pubitemid 30618304)
47. Schaffner F, Thaler H. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Prog Liver Dis 1986;8:283-298.
48. Brunt EM. Pathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Gastrenterol Hepatol 2010;7:195-203.