Dietary intake, nutrition, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

Reproductive Toxicology

Volumn 46, Issue , 2014, Pages 31-39

  May, Philip A ^a,b   Hamrick, Kari J ^c   Corbin, Karen D ^a   Hasken, Julie M ^a   Marais, Anna Susan ^d   Brooke, Lesley E ^e   Blankenship, Jason ^b   Hoyme, H Eugene ^f   Gossage, J Phillip ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO   (United States)

^c Navigant Consulting Inc   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF STELLENBOSCH   (South Africa)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^f UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

Dietary intake; Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; Nutrition; Pregnancy and alcohol; South Africa

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ASCORBIC ACID; CALCIUM; CHOLINE; DOCOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; FOLIC ACID; IRON; MAGNESIUM; POTASSIUM; PYRIDOXINE; RETINOL; RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMINE; VITAMIN D; ZINC; VITAMIN;

ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMMUNITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIETARY INTAKE; DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKE; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME; HUMAN; MOTHER; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; SOUTH AFRICA; DIET; EATING; FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS; NEWBORN; PREGNANCY; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMICS;

ADULT; ALCOHOL DRINKING; DIET SURVEYS; EATING; FEMALE; FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PREGNANCY; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; SOUTH AFRICA; VITAMINS;

EID: 84896454239     PISSN: 08906238     EISSN: 18731708     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.02.002     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Charlton K.E., Rose D. Prevalence of household food poverty in South Africa: results from a large, nationally representative survey. Public Health Nutr 2002, 5:383-389.
2. Greer J., Thorbecke E. Food poverty profile applied to Kenyan smallholders. Econ Dev Cult Change 1986, 35:115-141.
3. Ravallion M. Food prices and rural poverty. Econ Polit Week 1998, 33:1870-1871.
4. Rose D., Charlton K.E. Quantitative indicators from a food expenditure survey can be used to target the food insecure in South Africa. J Nutr 2002, 132:3235-3242.
5. Lemke S., Vorster H.H., van Rensburg N.S., Ziche J. Empowered women, social networks and the contribution of qualitative research: broadening our understanding of underlying causes for food and nutrition insecurity. Public Health Nutr 2003, 6:759-764.
6. Oldewage-Theron W.H., Dicks E.G., Napier C.E. Poverty, household food insecurity and nutrition: coping strategies in an informal settlement in the Vaal Triangle, South Africa. Public Health 2006, 120:795-804.
7. Croxford J., Viljoen D. Alcohol consumption by pregnant women in the Western Cape. S Afr Med J 1999, 89:962-965.
8. May P.A., Gossage J.P., Brooke L.E., Snell C.L., Marais A.S., Hendricks L.S., et al. Maternal risk factors for fetal alcohol syndrome in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: a population-based study. Am J Public Health 2005, 95:1190-1199.
9. May P.A., Gossage J.P., Marais A.S., Hendricks L.S., Snell C.L., Tabachnick B.G., et al. Maternal risk factors for fetal alcohol syndrome and partial fetal alcohol syndrome in South Africa: a third study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2008, 32:738-753.
10. May P.A., Blankenship J., Marais A.S., Gossage J.P., Kalberg W.O., Joubert B., et al. Maternal alcohol consumption producing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD): quantity, frequency, and timing of drinking. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013, 133:502-512.
11. Anthropometric, vitamin A, iron and immunisation coverage status in children aged 6-71 months in South Africa. S Afr Med J 1994, 86:354-357. South African Vitamin A Consultative Group.
12. le Roux I.M., le Roux P.J. Survey of the health and nutrition status of a squatter community in Khayelitsha. S Afr Med J 1991, 79:500-503.
13. Kruger A., Lemke S., Phometsi M., Van't Riet H., Pienaar A., Kotze G. Poverty and household food security of black South African farm workers: the legacy of social inequalities. Public Health Nutr 2006, 9:830-836.
14. May P.A., Brooke L., Gossage J.P., Croxford J., Adnams C., Jones K.L., et al. Epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome in a South African community in the Western Cape Province. Am J Public Health 2000, 90:1905-1912.
15. May P.A., Gossage J.P., Marais A.S., Adnams C.M., Hoyme H.E., Jones K.L., et al. The epidemiology of fetal alcohol syndrome and partial FAS in a South African community. Drug Alcohol Depend 2007, 88:259-271.
16. May P.A., Blankenship J., Marais A.S., Gossage J.P., Kalberg W.O., Barnard R., et al. Approaching the prevalence of the full spectrum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a South African population-based study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2013, 37:818-830.
17. Urban M., Chersich M.F., Fourie L.A., Chetty C., Olivier L., Viljoen D. Fetal alcohol syndrome among grade 1 schoolchildren in Northern Cape Province: prevalence and risk factors. S Afr Med J 2008, 98:877-882.
18. Viljoen D.L., Gossage J.P., Brooke L., Adnams C.M., Jones K.L., Robinson L.K., et al. Fetal alcohol syndrome epidemiology in a South African community: a second study of a very high prevalence area. J Stud Alcohol 2005, 66:593-604.
19. May P.A., Gossage J.P., Kalberg W.O., Robinson L.K., Buckley D., Manning M., et al. Prevalence and epidemiologic characteristics of FASD from various research methods with an emphasis on recent in-school studies. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2009, 15:176-192.
20. Ramchandani V.A., Kwo P.Y., Li T.K. Effect of food and food composition on alcohol elimination rates in healthy men and women. J Clin Pharmacol 2001, 41:1345-1350.
21. Sedman A.J., Wilkinson P.K., Sakmar E., Weidler D.J., Wagner J.G. Food effects on absorption and metabolism of alcohol. J Stud Alcohol 1976, 37:1197-1214.
22. Voltz H.H., Baudrexel A., Dietrich W. Quantitative study on alcohol excretion by the animal organism under varied conditions. III. Effect of various degrees of fullness of the gastro-intestinal tract on alcohol exretion in urine and respiration. Arch Gen Physiol 1912, 145:210-228.
23. Breslow R.A., Guenther P.M., Juan W., Graubard B.I. Alcoholic beverage consumption, nutrient intakes, and diet quality in the US adult population, 1999-2006. J Am Diet Assoc 2010, 110:551-562.
24. Cogswell M.E., Weisberg P., Spong C. Cigarette smoking, alcohol use and adverse pregnancy outcomes: implications for micronutrient supplementation. J Nutr 2003, 133:1722S-1731S.
25. Gloria L., Cravo M., Camilo M.E., Resende M., Cardoso J.N., Oliveira A.G., et al. Nutritional deficiencies in chronic alcoholics: relation to dietary intake and alcohol consumption. Am J Gastroenterol 1997, 92:485-489.
26. Keen C.L., Uriu-Adams J.Y., Skalny A., Grabeklis A., Grabeklis S., Green K., et al. The plausibility of maternal nutritional status being a contributing factor to the risk for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: the potential influence of zinc status as an example. Biofactors 2010, 36:125-133.
27. Norton R. Maternal nutrition during pregnancy as it affects infant growth, development and health. SCN News 1994, 11:10-14.
28. Klinger K. The nutritional status of pregnant women in relation to alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and pregnancy outcome 2004.
29. Faber M., Benade A.J. Nutritional status and dietary practices of 4-24-month-old children from a rural South African community. Public Health Nutr 1999, 2:179-185.
30. Rufer E.S., Tran T.D., Attridge M.M., Andrzejewski M.E., Flentke G.R., Smith S.M. Adequacy of maternal iron status protects against behavioral, neuroanatomical, and growth deficits in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. PLoS One 2012, 7:e47499.
31. Bekdash R.A., Zhang C., Sarkar D.K. Gestational choline supplementation normalized fetal alcohol-induced alterations in histone modifications, DNA methylation, and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression in beta-endorphin-producing POMC neurons of the hypothalamus. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2013, 7:1133-1142.
32. Thomas J.D., La Fiette M.H., Quinn V.R., Riley E.P. Neonatal choline supplementation ameliorates the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on a discrimination learning task in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2000, 22:703-711.
33. Hutson J.R., Stade B., Lehotay D.C., Collier C.P., Kapur B.M. Folic acid transport to the human fetus is decreased in pregnancies with chronic alcohol exposure. PLoS One 2012, 7:e38057.
34. Ieraci A., Herrera D.G. Nicotinamide protects against ethanol-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing mouse brain. PLoS Med 2006, 3:e101.
35. Goh Y.I., Bollano E., Einarson T.R., Koren G. Prenatal multivitamin supplementation and rates of congenital anomalies: a meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2006, 28:680-689.
36. Viljoen D., Croxford J., Gossage J.P., Kodituwakku P.W., May P.A. Characteristics of mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: a case control study. J Stud Alcohol 2002, 63:6-17.
37. Adnams C.M., Kodituwakku P.W., Hay A., Molteno C.D., Viljoen D., May P.A. Patterns of cognitive-motor development in children with fetal alcohol syndrome from a community in South Africa. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001, 25:557-562.
38. Kalberg W.O., May P.A., Blankenship J., Buckley D., Gossage J.P., Adnams C.M. A practical testing battery to measure neurobehavioral ability among children with FASD. Int J Alcohol Drug Res 2013, 2:51-60.
39. Stratton K., Howe C., Battaglia F. Fetal alcohol syndrome: diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention, and treatment (Institute of Medicine) 1996, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
40. Hoyme H.E., May P.A., Kalberg W.O., Kodituwakku P., Gossage J.P., Trujillo P.M., et al. A practical clinical approach to diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: clarification of the 1996 institute of medicine criteria. Pediatrics 2005, 115:39-47.
41. Sobell L.C., Agrawal S., Annis H., Ayala-Velazquez H., Echeverria L., Leo G.I., et al. Cross-cultural evaluation of two drinking assessment instruments: alcohol timeline followback and inventory of drinking situations. Subst Use Misuse 2001, 36:313-331.
42. Sobell L.C., Sobell M.B., Leo G.I., Cancilla A. Reliability of a timeline method: assessing normal drinkers' reports of recent drinking and a comparative evaluation across several populations. Br J Addict 1988, 83:393-402.
43. Kaskutas L.A., Graves K. Pre-pregnancy drinking: how drink size affects risk assessment. Addiction 2001, 96:1199-1220.
44. Kaskutas L.A., Kerr W.C. Accuracy of photographs to capture respondent-defined drink size. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2008, 69:605-610.
45. Charlton K.E., Bourne L.T., Steyn K., Laubscher J.A. Poor nutritional status in older black South Africans. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2001, 10:31-38.
46. Buzzard M. 24-Hour dietary recall and food record methods. Nutritional epidemiology 1998, Oxford University Press, New York. W. Willett (Ed.).
47. Institute of Medicine Dietary reference intakes: essential guide to nutrient requirements 2006, National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
48. May P.A., Tabachnick B.G., Gossage J.P., Kalberg W.O., Marais A.S., Robinson L.K., et al. Maternal risk factors predicting child physical characteristics and dysmorphology in fetal alcohol syndrome and partial fetal alcohol syndrome. Drug Alcohol Depend 2011, 119:18-27.
49. May P.A., Gossage J.P., White-Country M., Goodhart K., Decoteau S., Trujillo P.M., et al. Alcohol consumption and other maternal risk factors for fetal alcohol syndrome among three distinct samples of women before, during, and after pregnancy: the risk is relative. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2004, 127C:10-12.
50. May P.A., Tabachnick B., Gossage J.P., Kalberg W.O., Marais A.S., Robinson L.K., et al. Maternal factors predicting cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2013, 34:314-325.
51. Thomas J.D., Warren K.R., Hewitt B.G. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: from research to policy. Alcohol Res Health 2010, 33:118-126.
52. Chang S.C., O'Brien K.O., Nathanson M.S., Caulfield L.E., Mancini J., Witter F.R. Fetal femur length is influenced by maternal dairy intake in pregnant African American adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 2003, 77:1248-1254.
53. Smith D.F., Sandor G.G., MacLeod P.M., Tredwell S., Wood B., Newman D.E. Intrinsic defects in the fetal alcohol syndrome: studies on 76 cases from British Columbia and the Yukon Territory. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 1981, 3:145-152.
54. Kris-Etherton P.M., Grieger J.A., Etherton T.D. Dietary reference intakes for DHA and EPA. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2009, 81:99-104.
55. Bradbury J. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): an ancient nutrient for the modern human brain. Nutrients 2011, 3:529-554.
56. Huffman S.L., Harika R.K., Eilander A., Osendarp S.J. Essential fats: how do they affect growth and development of infants and young children in developing countries? A literature review. Matern Child Nutr 2011, 7(Suppl. 3):44-65.
57. Innis S.M. Dietary (n-3) fatty acids and brain development. J Nutr 2007, 137:855-859.
58. Innis S.M. Omega-3 fatty acids and neural development to 2 years of age: do we know enough for dietary recommendations?. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009, 48(Suppl. 1):S16-S24.
59. Carlson S.E., Colombo J., Gajewski B.J., Gustafson K.M., Mundy D., Yeast J., et al. DHA supplementation and pregnancy outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2013, 97:808-815.
60. Ryan A.S., Astwood J.D., Gautier S., Kuratko C.N., Nelson E.B., Salem N. Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on neurodevelopment in childhood: a review of human studies. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2010, 82:305-314.
61. Cansev M., Wurtman R.J. Chronic administration of docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid, but not arachidonic acid, alone or in combination with uridine, increases brain phosphatide and synaptic protein levels in gerbils. Neuroscience 2007, 148:421-423.
62. Luchtman D.W., Song C. Cognitive enhancement by omega-3 fatty acids from child-hood to old age: findings from animal and clinical studies. Neuropharmacology 2013, 64:550-565.
63. Danielyan K.E., Abramyan R.A., Galoyan A.A., Kevorkian G.A. Vitamin B-complex initiates growth and development of human embryonic brain cells in vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med 2011, 151:579-583.
64. Fordyce M.K., Driskell J.A. Effects of riboflavin repletion during different developmental phases on behavioral patterns, brain nucleic acid and protein contents, and erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity of male rats. J Nutr 1975, 105:1150-1156.
65. 6, riboflavin and zinc, in lactating South African women. Public Health Nutr 2012, 15:1810-1817.
66. Corbin K.D., Zeisel S.H. Choline metabolism provides novel insights into nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its progression. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2012, 28:159-165.
67. Zeisel S.H. Choline: critical role during fetal development and dietary requirements in adults. Annu Rev Nutr 2006, 26:229-250.
68. Kolahdooz F., Spearing K., Sharma S. Dietary adequacies among South African adults in rural KwaZulu-Natal. PLoS One 2013, 8:e67184.
69. Hattingh Z., Walsh C.M., Bester C.J., Oguntibeju O.O. An analysis of dietary micronutrient intakes in two age groups of black South African women. West Indian Med J 2008, 57:431-437.
70. Spearing K., Kolahdooz F., Lukasewich M., Mathe N., Khamis T., Sharma S. Nutritional composition of commonly consumed composite dishes from rural villages in Empangeni, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013, 26:222-229.
71. Shankar K., Hidestrand M., Liu X., Xiao R., Skinner C.M., Simmen F.A., et al. Physiologic and genomic analyses of nutrition-ethanol interactions during gestation: implications for fetal ethanol toxicity. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2006, 231:1379-1397.
72. Shankar K., Ronis M.J., Badger T.M. Effects of pregnancy and nutritional status on alcohol metabolism. Alcohol Res Health 2007, 30:55-59.
73. Maier S.E., West J.R. Drinking patterns and alcohol-related birth defects. Alcohol Res Health 2001, 25:168-174.
74. West J.R., Goodlett C.R. Teratogenic effects of alcohol on brain development. Ann Med 1990, 22:319-325.
75. Khaole N.C., Ramchandani V.A., Viljoen D.L., Li T.K. A pilot study of alcohol exposure and pharmacokinetics in women with or without children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Alcohol Alcohol 2004, 39:503-508.
76. Hannigan J.H., Chiodo L.M., Sokol R.J., Janisse J., Ager J.W., Greenwald M.K., et al. A 14-year retrospective maternal report of alcohol consumption in pregnancy predicts pregnancy and teen outcomes. Alcohol 2010, 44:583-594.
77. Czarnecki D.M., Russell M., Cooper M.L., Salter D. Fiver year reliability of self-reported alcohol consumption. J Stud Alcohol 1990, 51:68-76.
78. Institute of Medicine Dietary reference intakes: applications in dietary assessment 2000, National Academies Press, Washington, DC.