메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 107-121

Royal college of physicians intercollegiate stroke working party evidence-based guidelines for the nutritional support of patients who have had a stroke

Author keywords

Artificial feeding; Dysphagia; Guidelines; Malnutrition; Nutritional support; Stroke

Indexed keywords

ARTIFICIAL FEEDING; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; DYSPHAGIA; HUMAN; MALNUTRITION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; REVIEW;

EID: 84896402525     PISSN: 09523871     EISSN: 1365277X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12185     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 84866412216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary counselling with or without oral nutritional supplements in the management of malnourished patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • Baldwin, C. & Weekes, C.E. (2012) Dietary counselling with or without oral nutritional supplements in the management of malnourished patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 25, 411-426.
    • (2012) J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. , vol.25 , pp. 411-426
    • Baldwin, C.1    Weekes, C.E.2
  • 2
    • 84896388247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factorial trial of swallowing versus conventional therapy, and PEG versus nasogastric tube feeding, in dysphagic patients with recent stroke
    • Unpublished study, cited in: Bath, P.M.W., Bath-Hextall, F.J., Smithard, D. (1999) Interventions for dysphagia in acute stroke.
    • Bath, P.M.W., Kerr, J. & Collins, M. (1997) Factorial trial of swallowing versus conventional therapy, and PEG versus nasogastric tube feeding, in dysphagic patients with recent stroke. Unpublished study, cited in: Bath, P.M.W., Bath-Hextall, F.J., Smithard, D. (1999) Interventions for dysphagia in acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 4, CD000323.
    • (1997) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. , vol.4
    • Bath, P.M.W.1    Kerr, J.2    Collins, M.3
  • 3
    • 77955949832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does looped nasogastric tube feeding improve nutritional delivery for patients with dysphagia after acute stroke? A randomised controlled trial
    • Beavan, J., Conroy, S.P., Harwood, R., Gladman, J.R.F., Leonardi-Bee, J., Sach, T., Bowling, T., Sunman, W. & Gaynor, C. (2010) Does looped nasogastric tube feeding improve nutritional delivery for patients with dysphagia after acute stroke? A randomised controlled trial. Age Ageing 39, 624-630.
    • (2010) Age Ageing , vol.39 , pp. 624-630
    • Beavan, J.1    Conroy, S.P.2    Harwood, R.3    Gladman, J.R.F.4    Leonardi-Bee, J.5    Sach, T.6    Bowling, T.7    Sunman, W.8    Gaynor, C.9
  • 5
    • 0033788101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition after stroke
    • Dennis, M. (2000) Nutrition after stroke. Br. Med. Bull. 56, 466-475.
    • (2000) Br. Med. Bull. , vol.56 , pp. 466-475
    • Dennis, M.1
  • 6
    • 0038460313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor nutritional status on admission predicts poor outcomes after stroke - Observational data from the FOOD trial
    • Dennis, M. (2003) Poor nutritional status on admission predicts poor outcomes after stroke - Observational data from the FOOD trial. Stroke 34, 1450-1455.
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , pp. 1450-1455
    • Dennis, M.1
  • 7
    • 14644394273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of timing and method of enteral tube feeding for dysphagic stroke patients (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial
    • Dennis, M., Lewis, S. & Warlow, C. (2005a) Effect of timing and method of enteral tube feeding for dysphagic stroke patients (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 365, 764-772.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 764-772
    • Dennis, M.1    Lewis, S.2    Warlow, C.3
  • 8
    • 14644412384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Routine oral nutritional supplementation for stroke patients in hospital (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial
    • Dennis, M., Lewis, S. & Warlow, C. (2005b) Routine oral nutritional supplementation for stroke patients in hospital (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 365, 755-763.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 755-763
    • Dennis, M.1    Lewis, S.2    Warlow, C.3
  • 9
    • 33644637223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FOOD: a multicentre randomised trial evaluating feeding policies in patients admitted to hospital with a recent stroke
    • FOOD Trial Collaboration.
    • Dennis, M., Lewis, S., Cranswick, G. & Forbes, J.; FOOD Trial Collaboration (2006) FOOD: a multicentre randomised trial evaluating feeding policies in patients admitted to hospital with a recent stroke. Health Technol. Assess. 10, 1-136.
    • (2006) Health Technol. Assess. , vol.10 , pp. 1-136
    • Dennis, M.1    Lewis, S.2    Cranswick, G.3    Forbes, J.4
  • 10
    • 4344563773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The "MUST" report. Nutritional screening of adults: a multidisciplinary responsibility Redditch: Malnutrition Advisory Group of the British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
    • Elia, M. (2003) The "MUST" report. Nutritional screening of adults: a multidisciplinary responsibility Redditch: Malnutrition Advisory Group of the British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
    • (2003)
    • Elia, M.1
  • 13
    • 43149101273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysphagia treatment post stroke: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
    • Foley, N., Teasell, R., Salter, K., Kruger, E. & Martino, R. (2008) Dysphagia treatment post stroke: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Age Ageing 37, 258-264.
    • (2008) Age Ageing , vol.37 , pp. 258-264
    • Foley, N.1    Teasell, R.2    Salter, K.3    Kruger, E.4    Martino, R.5
  • 14
    • 62449334743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which reported estimate of the prevalence of malnutrition after stroke is valid?
    • Foley, N.C., Salter, K.L., Robertson, J., Teasell, R.W. & Woodbury, M.G. (2009) Which reported estimate of the prevalence of malnutrition after stroke is valid? Stroke 40, E66-E74.
    • (2009) Stroke , vol.40
    • Foley, N.C.1    Salter, K.L.2    Robertson, J.3    Teasell, R.W.4    Woodbury, M.G.5
  • 15
    • 0033545342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation
    • Gabay, C. & Kushner, I. (1999) Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N. Engl. J. Med. 340, 448-454.
    • (1999) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.340 , pp. 448-454
    • Gabay, C.1    Kushner, I.2
  • 16
    • 0031820261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of nutritional status on clinical outcome after acute stroke
    • Gariballa, S.E., Parker, S.G., Taub, N. & Castleden, C.M. (1998a) Influence of nutritional status on clinical outcome after acute stroke. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 68, 275-281.
    • (1998) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.68 , pp. 275-281
    • Gariballa, S.E.1    Parker, S.G.2    Taub, N.3    Castleden, C.M.4
  • 17
    • 0031722788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, controlled, single-blind trial of nutritional supplementation after acute stroke
    • Gariballa, S.E., Parker, S.G., Taub, N. & Castleden, C.M. (1998b) A randomized, controlled, single-blind trial of nutritional supplementation after acute stroke. JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 22, 315-319.
    • (1998) JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. , vol.22 , pp. 315-319
    • Gariballa, S.E.1    Parker, S.G.2    Taub, N.3    Castleden, C.M.4
  • 18
    • 0031820811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional status of hospitalized acute stroke patients
    • Gariballa, S.E., Parker, S.G., Taub, N. & Castleden, M. (1998c) Nutritional status of hospitalized acute stroke patients. Br. J. Nutr. 79, 481-487.
    • (1998) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.79 , pp. 481-487
    • Gariballa, S.E.1    Parker, S.G.2    Taub, N.3    Castleden, M.4
  • 19
    • 0030847411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized control study to determine the effects of unlimited oral intake of water in patients with identified aspiration
    • Garon, B.R., Engle, M. & Ormiston, C. (1997) A randomized control study to determine the effects of unlimited oral intake of water in patients with identified aspiration. J. Neurol. Rehabil. 11, 139-148.
    • (1997) J. Neurol. Rehabil. , vol.11 , pp. 139-148
    • Garon, B.R.1    Engle, M.2    Ormiston, C.3
  • 21
    • 0034070904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the benefits of monitoring fluid thickness in the dietary management of dysphagic stroke patients
    • Goulding, R. & Bakheit, A.M.O. (2000) Evaluation of the benefits of monitoring fluid thickness in the dietary management of dysphagic stroke patients. Clin. Rehabil. 14, 119-124.
    • (2000) Clin. Rehabil. , vol.14 , pp. 119-124
    • Goulding, R.1    Bakheit, A.M.O.2
  • 22
    • 0023630225 scopus 로고
    • Bolus management and aspiration pneumonia in patients with pseudobulbar dysphagia
    • Groher, M. (1987) Bolus management and aspiration pneumonia in patients with pseudobulbar dysphagia. Dysphagia 1, 215-216.
    • (1987) Dysphagia , vol.1 , pp. 215-216
    • Groher, M.1
  • 23
    • 77957889776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition in older acute stroke patients after treatment with individualized, nutritional supplementation while in hospital
    • Ha, L., Hauge, T. & Iversen, P.O. (2010a) Body composition in older acute stroke patients after treatment with individualized, nutritional supplementation while in hospital. BMC Geriatr. 10, 75.
    • (2010) BMC Geriatr. , vol.10 , pp. 75
    • Ha, L.1    Hauge, T.2    Iversen, P.O.3
  • 24
    • 77957341490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual, nutritional support prevents undernutrition, increases muscle strength and improves QoL among elderly at nutritional risk hospitalized for acute stroke: a randomized, controlled trial
    • Ha, L., Hauge, T., Spenning, A.B. & Iversen, P.O. (2010b) Individual, nutritional support prevents undernutrition, increases muscle strength and improves QoL among elderly at nutritional risk hospitalized for acute stroke: a randomized, controlled trial. Clin. Nutr. 29, 567-573.
    • (2010) Clin. Nutr. , vol.29 , pp. 567-573
    • Ha, L.1    Hauge, T.2    Spenning, A.B.3    Iversen, P.O.4
  • 25
    • 33646383873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with acute dysphagic stroke
    • Hamidon, B.B., Abdullah, S.A., Zawawi, M.F., Sukumar, N., Aminuddin, A. & Raymond, A.A. (2006) A prospective comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with acute dysphagic stroke. Med. J. Malaysia 61, 59-66.
    • (2006) Med. J. Malaysia , vol.61 , pp. 59-66
    • Hamidon, B.B.1    Abdullah, S.A.2    Zawawi, M.F.3    Sukumar, N.4    Aminuddin, A.5    Raymond, A.A.6
  • 26
    • 41249085978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss after stroke: A population-based study from the Lund Stroke Register
    • Jonsson, A.C., Lindgren, I., Norrving, B. & Lindgren, A. (2008) Weight loss after stroke: A population-based study from the Lund Stroke Register. Stroke 39, 918-923.
    • (2008) Stroke , vol.39 , pp. 918-923
    • Jonsson, A.C.1    Lindgren, I.2    Norrving, B.3    Lindgren, A.4
  • 27
    • 0037498432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials
    • Kondrup, J., Rasmussen, H.H., Hamberg, O.L.E. & Stanga, Z. (2003) Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials. Clin. Nutr. 22, 321-336.
    • (2003) Clin. Nutr. , vol.22 , pp. 321-336
    • Kondrup, J.1    Rasmussen, H.H.2    Hamberg, O.L.E.3    Stanga, Z.4
  • 28
    • 12744260372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a hospital screening tool for malnutrition: the short nutritional assessment questionnaire (SNAQ©)
    • Kruizenga, H.M., Seidell, J.C., de Vet, H.C.W., Wierdsma, N.J. & van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren, M.A.E. (2005) Development and validation of a hospital screening tool for malnutrition: the short nutritional assessment questionnaire (SNAQ©). Clin. Nutr. 24, 75-82.
    • (2005) Clin. Nutr. , vol.24 , pp. 75-82
    • Kruizenga, H.M.1    Seidell, J.C.2    de Vet, H.C.W.3    Wierdsma, N.J.4    van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren, M.A.E.5
  • 29
    • 0038487061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions to prevent aspiration pneumonia in older adults: a systematic review
    • Loeb, M.B., Becker, M., Eady, A. & Walker-Dilks, C. (2003) Interventions to prevent aspiration pneumonia in older adults: a systematic review. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 51, 1018-1022.
    • (2003) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. , vol.51 , pp. 1018-1022
    • Loeb, M.B.1    Becker, M.2    Eady, A.3    Walker-Dilks, C.4
  • 30
    • 28944443394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malnutrition determined by the patient-generated subjective global assessment is associated with poor outcomes in acute stroke patients
    • Martineau, J., Bauer, J.D., Isenring, E. & Cohen, S. (2005) Malnutrition determined by the patient-generated subjective global assessment is associated with poor outcomes in acute stroke patients. Clin. Nutr. 24, 1073-1077.
    • (2005) Clin. Nutr. , vol.24 , pp. 1073-1077
    • Martineau, J.1    Bauer, J.D.2    Isenring, E.3    Cohen, S.4
  • 31
    • 0033610734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: the QUOROM statement
    • Moher, D., Cook, D.J., Eastwood, S., Olkin, I., Rennie, D. & Stroup, D.F. (1999) Improving the quality of reports of meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials: the QUOROM statement. Lancet 354, 1896-1900.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1896-1900
    • Moher, D.1    Cook, D.J.2    Eastwood, S.3    Olkin, I.4    Rennie, D.5    Stroup, D.F.6
  • 32
    • 84896396457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Patient Safety Agency Dysphagia Expert Reference Group. Dysphagia Diet Food Texture Descriptors. Available at: (accessed on 28 February 2013).
    • National Patient Safety Agency Dysphagia Expert Reference Group. (2012) Dysphagia Diet Food Texture Descriptors. Available at: http://www.bda.uk.com/publications/statements/NationalDescriptorsTextureModificationAdults.pdf (accessed on 28 February 2013).
    • (2012)
  • 34
    • 0030033209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised prospective comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding after acute dysphagic stroke
    • Norton, B., Homer-Ward, M., Donnelly, M.T., Long, R.G. & Holmes, G.K.T. (1996) A randomised prospective comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding after acute dysphagic stroke. Br. Med. J. 312, 13-16.
    • (1996) Br. Med. J. , vol.312 , pp. 13-16
    • Norton, B.1    Homer-Ward, M.2    Donnelly, M.T.3    Long, R.G.4    Holmes, G.K.T.5
  • 35
    • 0026514721 scopus 로고
    • Ransomised comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding after acute dysphagic stroke
    • Park, R.H.R., Allison, M.C., Lang, J., Spence, E., Morris, A.J., Danesh, B.J., Russell, R.I. & Mills, P. (1992) Ransomised comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding after acute dysphagic stroke. Br. Med. J. 304, 1406-1409.
    • (1992) Br. Med. J. , vol.304 , pp. 1406-1409
    • Park, R.H.R.1    Allison, M.C.2    Lang, J.3    Spence, E.4    Morris, A.J.5    Danesh, B.J.6    Russell, R.I.7    Mills, P.8
  • 36
    • 8744262742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eating and dietary intake in communication-impaired stroke survivors: a cohort study from acute-stage hospital admission to 6 months post-stroke
    • Perry, L. (2004) Eating and dietary intake in communication-impaired stroke survivors: a cohort study from acute-stage hospital admission to 6 months post-stroke. Clin. Nutr. 23, 1333-1343.
    • (2004) Clin. Nutr. , vol.23 , pp. 1333-1343
    • Perry, L.1
  • 37
    • 63849123196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive nutritional supplements can improve outcomes in stroke rehabilitation
    • Rabadi, M.H., Coar, P.L., Lukin, M., Lesser, M. & Blass, J.P. (2008) Intensive nutritional supplements can improve outcomes in stroke rehabilitation. Neurology 71, 1856-1861.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.71 , pp. 1856-1861
    • Rabadi, M.H.1    Coar, P.L.2    Lukin, M.3    Lesser, M.4    Blass, J.P.5
  • 38
    • 84855207620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Royal College of Physicians Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party., 3rd edn. London: Royal College of Physicians.
    • Royal College of Physicians Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. (2008) National Clinical Guideline for Stroke, 3rd edn. London: Royal College of Physicians.
    • (2008) National Clinical Guideline for Stroke
  • 39
    • 84896405533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Royal College of Physicians Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. National Sentinel Stroke Clinical Audit 2010, Round 7. Public report for England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
    • Royal College of Physicians Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. (2011) National Sentinel Stroke Clinical Audit 2010, Round 7. Public report for England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
    • (2011)
  • 40
    • 84855207620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Royal College of Physicians Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party., 4th edn. London: Royal College of Physicians. Available at: (accessed on 31 July 2013).
    • Royal College of Physicians Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party. (2012) National Clinical Guideline for Stroke, 4th edn. London: Royal College of Physicians. Available at: http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/resources/stroke-guidelines(accessed on 31 July 2013).
    • (2012) National Clinical Guideline for Stroke
  • 43
    • 0026518497 scopus 로고
    • Equal aspiration rates from postpylorus and intragastric-placed small-bore nasoenteric feeding tubes: a randomized, prospective study
    • Strong, R.M., Condon, S.C., Solinger, M.R., Namihas, B.N., Itowong, L.A. & Leuty, J.E. (1992) Equal aspiration rates from postpylorus and intragastric-placed small-bore nasoenteric feeding tubes: a randomized, prospective study. JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 16, 59-63.
    • (1992) JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. , vol.16 , pp. 59-63
    • Strong, R.M.1    Condon, S.C.2    Solinger, M.R.3    Namihas, B.N.4    Itowong, L.A.5    Leuty, J.E.6
  • 45
    • 0037938708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updated method guidelines for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group
    • Editorial Board Cochrane.
    • van Tulder, M., Furlan, A., Bombardier, C. & Bouter, L.: Editorial Board Cochrane. (2003) Updated method guidelines for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group. Spine 28, 1290-1299.
    • (2003) Spine , vol.28 , pp. 1290-1299
    • van Tulder, M.1    Furlan, A.2    Bombardier, C.3    Bouter, L.4
  • 46
    • 0028091235 scopus 로고
    • Feeding dependence and nutritional status after acute stroke
    • Unosson, M., Ek, A.C., Bjurulf, P., von Schenck, H. & Larsson, J. (1994) Feeding dependence and nutritional status after acute stroke. Stroke 25, 366-371.
    • (1994) Stroke , vol.25 , pp. 366-371
    • Unosson, M.1    Ek, A.C.2    Bjurulf, P.3    von Schenck, H.4    Larsson, J.5
  • 47
    • 62749201025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of thickened drinks, food and enteral and parenteral fluids to fluid intake in hospitalised patients with dysphagia
    • Vivanti, A.P., Campbell, K.L., Suter, M.S., Hannan-Jones, M.T. & Hulcombe, J.A. (2009) Contribution of thickened drinks, food and enteral and parenteral fluids to fluid intake in hospitalised patients with dysphagia. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 22, 148-155.
    • (2009) J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. , vol.22 , pp. 148-155
    • Vivanti, A.P.1    Campbell, K.L.2    Suter, M.S.3    Hannan-Jones, M.T.4    Hulcombe, J.A.5
  • 48
    • 0034799728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inadequate fluid intakes in dysphagic acute stroke
    • Whelan, K. (2001) Inadequate fluid intakes in dysphagic acute stroke. Clin. Nutr. 20, 423-428.
    • (2001) Clin. Nutr. , vol.20 , pp. 423-428
    • Whelan, K.1
  • 49
    • 84860279405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus Statement: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition)
    • Academy Malnutrition Work Group, ASPEN Malnutrition Task Force and the ASPEN Board of Directors.
    • White, J.V., Guenter, P., Jensen, G., Malone, A. & Schofield, M.: Academy Malnutrition Work Group, ASPEN Malnutrition Task Force and the ASPEN Board of Directors (2012) Consensus Statement: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: characteristics recommended for the identification and documentation of adult malnutrition (undernutrition). JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 36, 275-283.
    • (2012) JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. , vol.36 , pp. 275-283
    • White, J.V.1    Guenter, P.2    Jensen, G.3    Malone, A.4    Schofield, M.5
  • 51
    • 14844337377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization. Geneva: World Health Organization.
    • World Health Organization. (2004) The Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke. Geneva: World Health Organization.
    • (2004) The Atlas of Heart Disease and Stroke
  • 52
    • 19444386431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of energy and protein intakes of older people consuming a texture modified diet with a normal hospital diet
    • Wright, L., Cotter, D., Hickson, M. & Frost, G. (2005) Comparison of energy and protein intakes of older people consuming a texture modified diet with a normal hospital diet. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 18, 213-219.
    • (2005) J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. , vol.18 , pp. 213-219
    • Wright, L.1    Cotter, D.2    Hickson, M.3    Frost, G.4
  • 53
    • 38349059964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Undernutrition as a predictor of poor clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients
    • Yoo, S.H., Kim, J.S., Kwon, S.U., Yun, S.C., Koh, J.Y. & Kang, D.W. (2008) Undernutrition as a predictor of poor clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. Arch. Neurol. 65, 39-43.
    • (2008) Arch. Neurol. , vol.65 , pp. 39-43
    • Yoo, S.H.1    Kim, J.S.2    Kwon, S.U.3    Yun, S.C.4    Koh, J.Y.5    Kang, D.W.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.