The alps in the age of the anthropocene: The impact of human activities on the cryosphere recorded in the Colle Gnifetti glacier

Rendiconti Lincei

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 71-83

  Gabrieli, Jacopo ^a   Barbante, Carlo ^a,b,c  

^a CNR   (Italy)

^b CA' FOSCARI UNIVERSITY OF VENICE   (Italy)

^c ACCADEMIA NAZIONALE DEI LINCEI   (Italy)

Author keywords

Glacier; Ice core; Paleoclimate

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL GEOCHEMISTRY; ECOSYSTEMS; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT; GLACIERS; HEAVY METALS; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS;

ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITY; EMISSION INVENTORIES; GEOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; ICE CORE; PALEOCLIMATES; PALEOENVIRONMENTAL STUDY; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANT (POP); PRISTINE ENVIRONMENTS;

ICE;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 84896402453     PISSN: 20374631     EISSN: 17200776     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12210-014-0292-2     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (66)

1. Baggoura B, Noureddine A, Benkrid M (1998) Level of natural and artificial radioactivity in Algeria. Appl Radiat Isot 49:867-873
2. Barbante C, Bellomi T, Mezzadri G, Cescon P, Scarponi G, Morel C, Jay S, Van De Velde K, Ferrari C, Boutron C (1997) Direct determinations of heavy metals at picogram per gram levels in Greenland and Antarctic snow by double focusing inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. J Anal At Spectrom 12:925-931
3. Barbante C, Schwikowski M, Döring T, Gäggeler H, Schotterer U, Tobler L, Van De Velde K, Ferrari C, Cozzi G, Turetta C, Rosman K, Bolshov M, Capodoglio G, Cescon P, Boutron C (2004) Historical record of European heavy metals to the Atmosphere since the 1650s from Alpine Snow/Ice cores drilled near Monte Rosa. Environ Sci Technol 38(15):4085-4090
4. Böhm R, Auer I, Brunetti M, Maugeri M, Nanni T, Schöner W (2001) Regional Temperature Variability in the European Alps 1760-1998 from homogenised instrumental time series. Int J Climatol 21:1779-1801
5. Brännvall ML, Bindler R, Emteryd O, Renberg I (2001) Four thousand years of atmospheric lead pollution in northern Europe: a summary from Swedish lake sediments. J Paleolimnol 25:421-435
6. Brecciaroli TL(1995) La Bessa. Indagine nell'area della miniera d'oro romana. Quaderni della Sovraintendenza Archeologica del Piemonte 14:228-232
7. Budzinski H, Jones I, Bellocq J, Pierard C, Garrigues P (1997) Evaluation of sediment contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Gironde estuary. Mar Chem 58:85-97
8. Candelone JP, Hong S, Boutron CF (1994) An improved method for decontaminating polar snow or ice cores for heavy metal analysis. Anal Chim Acta 299(9):9-16
9. Carter MW, Moghissi AA (1977) Three decades of nuclear testing. Health Phys 33:55-71
10. Clavin P (2000) Great depression in Europe, 1929-1939. St. Martin Press, New York
11. Dansgaard W, Johnsen S, Moller J, Langway CC Jr (1969) One thousand centuries of climatic record from Camp Century on the Greenland ice sheet. Science 166:377-381
12. Dansgaard W, Johnsen S, Clausen HB, Gunderstrup HG (1973) Stable isotope glaciology. Medd Groenland 197:1-53
13. DICoD (2007) Dossier de présentation des essais nucléaires et leur suivi au Sahara. Délégation à l'Information et à la Communication de la Défense, Paris (France)
14. Döscher A, Gäggeler HW, Schotterer U, Schwikowski M (1995) A 130 year deposition record of sulphate, nitrate and chloride from a high-alpine glacier. Water Air Soil Pollut 85(2):603-609
15. Eichler A, Schwikowski M, Gäggeler HW (2000) An alpine ice core record of anthropogenic HF and HCl emissions. Geophys Res Lett 27(19):3225-3228
16. EPA (2009) Priority Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/methods/ pollutants.htm. Accessed 21 Oct 2013
17. Facchetti S, Geiss F, Gaglione P, Colombo A, Garibaldi G, Spallanzani G, Gille G (1982) Isotopic lead experiment: status report. Commission of the European Communities EUR8352 EN, Brussels
18. Favez O, Cachier H, Sciare J, Sarda-Esteve R, Martinon L (2009) Evidence for a significant contribution of wood burning aerosols to PM2.5 during the winter season in Paris, France. Atmos Environ 43:3640-3644
19. Fernandez P, Vilanova RM, Martinez C, Appleby P, Grimalt JO (2000) The historical record of atmospheric pyrolytic pollution over Europe registered in the sedimentary PAH from remote mountain lakes. Environ Sci Technol 34:1906-1913
20. Gabrieli J, Decet F, Luchetta A, Valt M, Pastore P, Barbante C (2010a) Occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the seasonal snowpack of the Eastern Italian Alps. Environ Pollut 158:3130-3137
21. Gabrieli J, Vallelonga P, Cozzi G, Gabrielli P, Gambaro A, Decet F, Schwikowski M, Sigl M, Gaggler HW, Boutron C, Cescon P, Barbante C (2010b) Post 17th-century changes of European PAHs emissions recorded in high-altitude Alpine snow and ice. Environ Sci Technol 44:3260-3266
22. Gabrieli J, Carturan L, Gabrielli P, Kehrwald N, Turretta C, Cozzi G, Spolaor A, Dinale R, Staffler H, Seppi R, Dalla Fontana G, Thompson L, Barbante C (2011a) Impact of Po Valley emissions on the highest glacier of the Eastern European Alps. Atmos Chem Phys 11:8087-8102
23. Gabrieli J, Cozzi G, Schwikowski M, Sigl M, Gaggler HW, Boutron C, Barbante C (2011b) The history of nuclear testing recorded in an ice core from Colle Gnifetti, Swiss/Italian Alps. Atmos Environ 45:587-593
24. Gabrielli P, Planchon FAM, Hong S, Lee KH, Do Hur S, Barbante C, Ferrari C, Petit JR, Lipenkov VY, Cescon P, Boutron C (2006) Trace elements in Vostok Antarctic ice during the last four climatic cycles. Earth Planet Sci Lett 234:249-259
25. Giacosa P (1896) Indagini sulle acque e sulle nevi delle alte regioni. Bollettino del Club Alpino Italiano 1:45-64
26. Hansen LB, Langway CC (1966) Deep core drilling in ice and core analysis at Camp Century, Greenland, 1961-1966. CRREL Spec. Report 126 n. 5
27. Harley JH (1980) Plutonium in the environment - a review. J Radiat Res 21:83-104
28. Havlovic V (1961) Deposition of fission product nuclides after two Sahara nuclear test explosions. Nature 189:977-978
29. Hong S, Candelone JP, Patterson CC, Boutron CF (1994) Greenland ice evidence of hemispheric lead pollution two millennia ago by Greek and Roman civilization. Science 265:1841-1843
30. Hong S, Candelone JP, Patterson CC, Boutron CF (1996) History of ancient copper smelting pollution during Roman and medieval times recorded in Greenland ice. Science 272:246-249
31. Huber TH, Schwikowski M, Gäggeler HW (2001) Continuous melting and ion chromatographic analyses of ice cores. J Chromatogr A 920:193-200
32. IAEA (2005) Radiological Conditions at the Former French Nuclear Test Sites in Algeria: Preliminary Assessment and Recommendations. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Radiological Assessment Reports Series, Vienna (Austria)
33. Kaufmann PR, Federer U, Hutterli MA, Bigler M, Schupbach S, Ruth U, Schmitt J, Stocker TF (2008) An improved continuous flow analysis system for high resolution field measurements on ice cores. Environ Sci Technol 42(21):8044-8050
34. Khalili NR, Scheff PA, Holsen TM (1995) PAH source fingerprintings for coke ovens, diesel and gasoline engines, highway tunnels and wood combustion emissions. Atmos Environ 29:533-542
35. League of Nations (1938) Statistical year-book 1937/38. League of Nations Publications, Geneva
36. Lugauer M, Baltensperger M, Furger M, Gaggler HW, Jost DT, Schwikowski M, Wanner H (1997) Aerosol transport to the high Alpine sites Jungfraujoch (3454 m a.s.l.) and Colle Gnifetti (4452 m a.s.l.). Tellus Ser B Chem Phys Meteorol 50B:76-92
37. Maupetit F, Delmas RJ (1994) Snow chemistry of high altitude glaciers in the French Alps. Tellus 46B:304-324
38. McConnel JR, Edwards R, Kok G, Flanner M, Zender C, Saltzman E, Banta R, Pasteris D, Carter M, Kahl J (2007) Carbon emissions altered Arctic climate forcing. Nature 317:1381-1384
39. McConnell JR, Lamorey GW, Lambert SW, Taylor KC (2002) Continuous ice-core chemical analysis using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol 36(1):7-11
40. More C (2000) Understanding the industrial revolution. Routledge, London
41. Norris R, Arkin W (1998) Known nuclear tests worldwide 1945-98. Bull At Sci 1998:65-67
42. Nriagu JO (1989) A global assessment of natural sources of atmospheric trace metals. Nature 338:47-49
43. OECD (1992) Uranium resources, production and demand. OECD/NEA-IAEA Editions, Paris
44. Osterberg EC, Handley MJ, Sneed SB, Mayewski PA, Kreutz KJ (2006) Continuous ice core melter system with discrete sampling for major ion, trace element and stable isotopes analysis. Environ Sci Technol 40(10):3355-3361
45. Pacyna JM, Breivik K, Munch J, Fudala J (2003) European atmospheric emissions of selected organic pollutants, 1970-1995. Atmos Environ 37(1):119-131
46. Paul F, Kääb A, Maisch M, Kellenberger TW, Haeberli W (2004) Rapid disintegration of Alpine glaciers observed with satellite data. Geophy Res Lett 31:L21402. doi: 10.1029/2004GL020816
47. Renberg I, Wik-Persson M, Emteryd O (1994) Pre-industrial atmospheric lead contamination detected in Swedish lake sediments. Nature 368:323-326
48. Rosman KJR, Ly C, Van De Velde K, Boutron CF (2000) A two century record of Pb isotopes in high altitude Alpine snow and ice. Earth Planet Sci Lett 176:413-424
49. Schotterer U, Oeschger H, Wagenbach D, Münnich K (1985) Information on paleo-precipitation on an high altitude glacier Monte Rosa, Switzerland. Z Gletsch kd Glazialgeol 21(85):379-388
50. Schwikowski M (2004) Reconstruction of European air pollution from Alpine ice cores. In: DeWayne CL, Green JR, Thompson LG (eds) Earth paleoenvironments: records preserved in mid- and low-latitude glaciers. Springer, New York, pp 95-119
51. Schwikowski M, Rufibach B, Schwerzmann A, Stampfli D, Barbante C, Planchon F, Gabrielli P, Boutron C (2003) Two new ice cores from Colle Gnifetti, Swiss/Italian Alps. PSI Annual Report 28
52. Schwikowski M, Barbante C, Doering T, Gäggeler HW, Boutron C, Schotterer U, Tobler L, Van De Velde KV, Ferrari C, Cozzi G, Rosman K, Cescon P (2004) Post 17-century changes of European lead emissions recorded in high-altitude alpine snow and ice. Environ Sci Technol 38(4):957-964
53. Shotyk W (2002) The chronology of anthropogenic, atmospheric Pb deposition recorded by peat cores in three minerogenic peat deposits from Switzerland. Sci Total Environ 292:19-31
54. 14C yr BP from a peat bog, Jura Mountains, Switzerland. Science 282:1635-1640
55. Shotyk W, Blaser P, Grunig A, Cheburkin AK (2000) A new approach for quantifying cumulative, anthropogenic, atmospheric lead deposition using peat cores from bogs: Pb in eight Swiss peat bog profiles. Sci Total Environ 249:281-295
56. 14C yr BP, and their variation with Holocene climate change. Earth Planet Sci Lett 199:21-37
57. Sigl M, Jenk TM, Kellerhals T, Szidat S, Gaggler HW, Wachler L, Synal H-A, Boutron C, Gabrieli J, Barbante C, Schwikoski M (2009) Towards radiocarbon dating of ice cores. J Glaciol 55(194):985-996
58. Suter S, Laternser M, Haeberli W, Frauenfelder R, Hoelzle M (2001) Cold firn and ice of high altitude glaciers in the Alps: measurements and distribution modelling. J Glaciol 47(156):85-96
59. Szidat S, Jenk TM, Synal H-A, Kalberer M, Wacker L, Hajdas I, Kasper-Giebl A, Baltensperger U (2006) Contributions of fossil fuel, biomass burning, and biogenic emissions to carbonaceous aerosols in Zurich as traced by 14C. J Geophys Res 111:D07206
60. Vallelonga P, Gabrielli P, Rosman K, Barbante C, Boutron CF (2005) A 220 ky record of Pb isotopes at Dome C Antarctica from analyses of the EPICA ice core. Geophys Res Lett 32. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.06.019
61. Van De Velde K, Ferrari C, Barbante C, Moret I, Bellomi T, Hong S, Boutron C (1999) A 200 year record of atmospheric cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, and antimony in high altitude alpine firn and ice. Environ Sci Technol 33(20):3495-3501
62. Venkataraman C, Friedlander SK (1994) Size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and elemental carbon. 2. Ambient measurements and effects of atmospheric processes. Environ Sci Technol 28:563-572
63. Wagenbach D (1992) Results from the Colle Gnifetti ice-core program, Report of the ESF/EPC Workshop (Greenhouse gases isotopes and trace elements in glaciers as climate evidence of the Holocene). Technical report, Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie, ETH Zürich
64. Wedepohl KH (1995) The composition of the continental crust. Geochim Cosmochim Ac 59:1217-1232
65. Wolff EW, Fischer H, Fundel F, Ruth U, Twarloh B, Littot GC, Mulvaney R, Rothlisberger R, De Angelis M, Boutron CF, Hansson M, Jonsell U, Hutterli MA, Lambert F, Kaufmann P, Stauffer B, Stocker TF, Steffensen JP, Bigler M, Siggaard-Andersen ML, Udisti R, Becagli S, Castellano E, Severi M, Wagenbach D, Barbante C, Gabrielli P, Gaspari V (2006) Southern Ocean sea-ice extent, productivity and iron flux over the past eight glacial cycles. Nature 440:491-496
66. Yunker MB, Macdonald RW, Vingarzan R, Mitchell RH, Goyette D, Sylvestre S (2002) PAHs in the Fraser River Basin: a critical appraisal of PAH ratio as indicators of PAHs source and composition. Org Geochem 33:489-515