Impact of Po Valley emissions on the highest glacier of the Eastern European Alps

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 11, Issue 15, 2011, Pages 8087-8102

  Gabrieli, J ^a,b   Carturan, L ^c   Gabrielli, P ^d   Kehrwald, N ^a   Turetta, C ^a   Cozzi, G ^a   Spolaor, A ^a   Dinale, R ^e   Staffler, H ^e   Seppi, R ^f   Dalla Fontana, G ^c   Thompson, L ^d   Barbante, C ^a,b  

^a CNR   (Italy)

^b CA' FOSCARI UNIVERSITY OF VENICE   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^d OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e Laboratory of Chemical Physics   (Italy)

^f UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; GLACIER; GLACIOLOGY; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); SEASONAL VARIATION; SNOW; TRACE ELEMENT;

ALPS; EASTERN ALPS; ITALY; PO VALLEY;

EID: 80051653652     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-8087-2011     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Allen, A., Nemitz, E., Shi, J.,Harrison, R., and Greenwood, J.: Size distribution oftrace metals in atmospheric aerosol in the United Kingdom, Atmos. Environ., 35, 4581-4591, 2001.
2. Barbante, C., Van de Velde, K., Cozzi, G., Capodaglio, G., Cescon, P., Planchon, F., Hong, S., Ferrari, C., and Boutron, C.: Post-World War II Uranium Changes in Dated Mont Blanc Ice and Snow, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 4026-4030, 2001. (Pubitemid 32963307)
3. Barbante, C., Schwikowski, M., Doring, T., Gaggeler, H. W., Schot-terer, U., Tobler, L., Van de Velde, K., Ferrari, C., Cozzi, G., Turetta, A., Rosman, K., Bolshov, M., Capodaglio, G., Cescon, P., and Boutron, C.: Historical Record of European Emissions ofHeavy Metals to the Atmosphere Since the 1650s from Alpine Snow/Ice Cores Drilled near Monte Rosa, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38,4085-4090,2004. (Pubitemid 39014189)
4. Barbante, C., Gabrieli, J., Gabrielli, P., Vallelonga, P., Cozzi, G., Turetta, C., Hong, S., Rosman, K., Boutron, C., and Cescon, P.: A historical record of heavy metal pollution in Alpine snow and ice, in: Persistent Pollution - Past, Present, Future, edited by: Quante, M., Ebingaus, R., and Floser, G., Spriger Verlag, Berlin, 2011.
5. Bolius, D.: Paleo climate recosntruction based on ice cores from the Andes and the Alps, PhD thesis, Universitat Bern, Switzerland, 2006.
6. Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Monti, F., and Nanni, T.: Temperature and precipitation variability in Italy in the last two centuries from homogenized instrumental time series, Int. J. Climatol, 26, 345-381,2006. (Pubitemid 43355826)
7. Cagnati, A. (Ed.): Strumenti di misura e metodi di osservazione nivometeorologici, AINEVA, Trento (Italy), 2003.
8. Collaud Coen, M., Weingartner, E., Schaub, D., Hueglin, C., Cor-rigan, C., Henning, S., Schwikowski, M., and Baltensperger, U.: Saharan dust events at the Jungfraujoch: detection by wavelength dependence of the single scattering albedo and first climatology analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2465-2480, doi:10.5194/acp-4-2465-2004,2004. (Pubitemid 40191224)
9. Davis, B. A. S., Brewer, S., Stevenson, A. C., and Guiot, J.: The temperature of Europe during the Holocene reconstructed from pollen data, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 22, 1701-1716, 2003. (Pubitemid 36914574)
10. Deserti, M., Bande, S., Angelino, E., Pession, G., Dalan, F., Min-guzzi, E., Stortini, M., Bonafè, G., De Mria, R., Fossati, G., Peroni, E., Costa, M., Liguori, F., and Pillon, S.: Rapporto tec-nico sull'applicazione di modellistica al Bacino Padano Adri-atico, APAT, Roma (Italy), 2006.
11. Desio, A. (Ed.): I ghiacciai del Gruppo Ortles-Cevedale, Comitato Glaciologico Italiano, Torino (Italy), 1967.
12. Doescher, A., Gaggeler, H., Schotterer, U., and Schwikowski, M.: A 130 years deposition record of sulfate, nitrate and chloride from a high-altitude glacier, Water Air Soil Poll., 85, 603-609, 1995.
13. Draxler, R. R.: Evaluation of an ensemble dispersion model, J. Appl. Meteorol., 42, 308-317, 2003.
14. Draxler, R. R. and Rolph, G. D. (Eds.): HYSPLIT (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model access via NOAA ARL READY Website (http://ready.arl.noaa.gov/ HTSPLIT.php), NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, 2010.
15. Eichler, A., Schwikowski, M., and Gaggeler, H.: An Alpine ice-core record of anthropogenic HF and HCl emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3225-3228, 2000.
16. Eichler, A., Schwikowski, M., and Gaggeler, H.: Meltwater-induced relocation ofchemical species inAlpine firn, Tellus, 53, 192-203,2001. (Pubitemid 32804565)
17. Eichler, A., Schwikowski, M., Furger, M., Schotterer, U., and Gäggeler, H. W.: Sources and distribution of trace species in Alpine precipitation inferred from two 60-year ice core paleorecords, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 4, 71-108, doi:10.5194/acpd-4-71-2004,2004.
18. Fierz, C., Armstrong, R. L., Durand, Y., Etchevers, P., Greene, E., McClung, D. M., Nishimura, K., Satyawali, P. K., and Sokratov, S. A. (Eds.): The International Classification for Seasonal Snow on the Ground, IHP-VII Technical Documents in Hydrology N83, IACS Contribution N1, UNESCO-IHP, Paris (France), 2009.
19. Frei, C. and Schär, C.: A precipitation climatology of the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations, Int. J. Climatol., 18, 873-900, 1998. (Pubitemid 28519735)
20. Gabrieli, J.: Trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in snow and ice sampled at Colle gnifetti, Monte Rosa (4450 m), during the past 10,000 years: environmental and cli-matic implications, PhD thesis, University Ca' Foscari ofVenice, Italy, 2008.
21. Gabrieli, J., Decet, F., Luchetta, A., Valt, M., Pastore, P., and Bar-bante, C.: Occurence ofPAHs in seasonal snowpack of Eastern ItalianAlps,Environ. Pollut., 158, 3130-3137, 2010.
22. Gabrieli, J., Vallelonga, P., Cairns, W., Cozzi, G., Spolaor, A., Sigl, M., Schwikowski, M., Boutron, C. F., and Barbante, C.: A new melting system for high resolution trace elements determination in alpine firn and ice cores, to be submitted to J. Environ. Moni-tor., 2011.
23. Gabrielli, P., Cozzi, G., Torcini, S., Cescon, P., and Barbante, C.: Trace elements in winter snow of the Dolomites (Italy): A statis-tical study of natural and anthropogenic contributions, Chemo-sphere, 72, 1504-1509,2008.
24. Gabrielli, P., Carturan, L., Gabrieli, J., Dinale, R., Krainer, K., Hel-mut, H., Davis, M., Zagarodnov, V., Seppi, R., Barbante, C., Dalla Fontana, G., and Thompson, L. G.: Atmospheric warm-ing threatens the untapped glacial archive of Mt. Ortles, South Tyrol, J. Glaciol., 56, 843-853, 2010.
25. Hong, S., Lee, K., Hou, S., Hur, S. D., Ren, J., Burn, L. J., Rosman, K. J. R., Barbante, C., and Boutron, C. F.: An 800-Year Record of Atmospheric As, Mo, Sn, and Sb in Central Asia in High-Altitude Ice Cores from Mt. Qomolangma (Everest), Himalayas, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 8060-8065, 2009.
26. Jenk, T. M., Szidat, S., Bolius, D., Sigl, M., Gaggeler, H. W., Wacker, L., Ruff, M., Barbante, C., Boutron, C. F., and Schwikowski, M.: A novel radiocarbon dating technique applied to an ice core from the Alps indicating late Pleistocene ages, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D14305, doi:10.1029/2009JD011860, 2009.
27. Kappenberger, G. and Kerkmann, J. (Eds.): Il tempo in montagna. Manuale di meteorologia alpina, Zanichelli, Bologna (Italy), 1997.
28. Kaspari, S., Mayewski, P. A., Handley, M. J., Osterberg, E. C., Kang, S., Hou, S., and Qin, D.: Recent increase in atmospheric concentrations of Bi, U, Cs, Ca and S from a 350-year Mt. Ever-est ice core record, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D04302.1-D04302.14, doi:10.1029/2008JD011088,2009.
29. Kuhn, M., Haslhofer, J., Nickus, U., and Schellander, H.: Seasonal development of ion concentration in a high alpine snow pack, Atmos. Environ., 32, 4041-4051, 1998 (Pubitemid 28539201)
30. Lavanchy, V. M. H., Gaggeler, H. W., Schotterer, U., Schwikowski, M., and Baltensperger, U.: Historical record of carbonaceous particle concentrations from a European high-alpine glacier (Colle Gnifetti, Switzerland), J. Aerosol Sci., 30, S611-S612, 1999. (Pubitemid 30537384)
31. Maupetit, F. and Delmas, R. J.: Snow chemistry ofhigh altitude glaciers in the French Alps, Tellus, 46B, 304-324, 1994.
32. McConnell, J. R., Lamorey, G. W., and Hutterli, M.: A 250-year high-resolution record of Pb flux and crustal enrichment in cen-tral Greenland, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 2130-2133,2002.
33. Novo, A. and Rossi, G. C.: A four-year record (1990-94) ofsnow chemistry at two Glacier fields in the Italian Alps (Careser, 3090m; Colle Vincent, 4086m), Atmos. Environ., 32, 4061-4073, 1998.
34. Ozeki, T. and Akitaya, E.: Energy balance and formation of sun crust in snow, Ann. Glaciol., 26, 35-38, 1998. (Pubitemid 28486221)
35. Pacyna, J. M. and Pacyna, E. G.: An assesment ofglobal and re-gional emissions oftrace metals to the atmosphere from anthro-pogenic sources worldwide, Environ. Rev., 9, 269-298, 2001. (Pubitemid 34278842)
36. Pasquill, F.: The estimation of the dispersion ofwindborne material, The Meteorol. Mag., 90, 33-49, 1961.
37. Planchon, F., Van de Velde, K., Rosman, K. J. R., Wolf, C. F., Fer-rari, C., and Boutron, C. F.: One houndred fifty-year record of lead isotopes in Antartic snow from Coats Land, Geochim. Cos-mochim. Ac., 67, 693-708, 2003. (Pubitemid 36199332)
38. Preunkert, S., Wagenbach, D., Legrand, M., and Vincent, C.: Col du Dome (Mt. Blanc massif, French Alps) suitability for ice core studies in relation with past atmospheric chemistry over Europe, Tellus, 52,993-1012, 1999. (Pubitemid 30464226)
39. Puxbaum, H. and Tscherwenka, W.: Relationships of major ions in snow fall and rime at Sonnblick observatory (SBO, 3106m) and implications for scavenging processes in mixed clouds, Atmos. Environ., 32,4011-4020, 1998. (Pubitemid 28539198)
40. Schotterer, U., Frohlich, K., Gaggeler, H. W., Sandjordj, S., and Stichler, W.: Isotopes records from Mongolian and Alpine ice cores as climate indicators, Climatic Change, 36, 519-530,1997. (Pubitemid 27353947)
41. Schmidli, J., Schmutz, C., Frei, C., Wanner, H., and Schär, C.: Mesoscale precipitation variability in the region of the Euro-peanAlps during the 20th century, International J. Climatol., 22, 1049-1074,2002. (Pubitemid 34829887)
42. Schwikowski, M.: Reconstruction of European air pollution from Alpine ice cores, in: Earth Paleoenvironments: records preserved in mid- and low-latitude glaciers, edited by: Cecil, D. L., Green, J. R., and Thompson, L. G., Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dor-drecht, Netherlands, 95-119, 2004.
43. Schwikowski, M., Doscher, A., Gaggeler, H., and Schotterer, U.: Anthropogenic versus natural sources of atmospheric sulphate from anAlpine ice core, Tellus, 51B, 938-951, 1999. (Pubitemid 30061733)
44. Schwikowski, M., Barbante, C., Doering, T., Gaeggeler, H. W., Boutron, C., Schotterer, U., Tobler, L., Van de Velde, K., Fer-rari, C., Cozzi, G., Rosman, K., and Cescon, P.: Post-17th-Century Changes of European Lead Emissions Recorded in High-Altitude Alpine Snow and Ice, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 957-964,2004. (Pubitemid 38228707)
45. Shotyk, W., Zheng, J., Krachler, M., and Zdanowicz, C.: Pre-dominance ofindustrial Pb in recent snow (1994-2004) and ice (1842-1996) from Devon Island, Arctic Canada, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32,21814.1-21814.4,2005.
46. Seibert, P., Kromp-kolb, H., Kasper, A., Kalina, M., Puxbaum, H., Jost, D. T., Schwikowski, M., and Baltensperger, U.: Transport ofpolluted boundary layer air from the Po Valley to high-alpine sites,Atmos. Environ., 32, 3953-3965, 1998. (Pubitemid 28539193)
47. Sigl, M. : Ice core based reconstruction of past climate conditions from Colle Gnifetti, Swiss Alps, PhD thesis, Universitat Bern, Switzerland, 2009.
48. Simoneit, B. R. T.: Biomass burnings - a review oforganic tracers for smoke from incomplete combustion, Appl. Geochem., 17, 129-162,2002. (Pubitemid 34179277)
49. Van de Velde, K., Boutron, C., Ferrari, C., Bellomi, T., Barbante, C., Rudnev, S., and Bolshov, M.: Seasonal variations ofheavy metals in the 1960s Alpine ice: sources versus meteorological factors, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 164, 521-533, 1998. (Pubitemid 29432646)
50. Van de Velde, K., Ferrari, C., Barbante, C., Moret, I., Bellomi, T., Hong, S., and Boutron, C.: A 200 year record ofatmospheric Cobalt, Chromium, Molybdenum and Antimony in high altitude Alpinefirnandice,Environ. Sci. Technol.,33,3496-3501,1999.
51. Van de Velde, K., Barbante C., Cozzi, G., Moret, I., Bellomi, T., Ferrari, C., and Boutron, C.: Changes inthe occurrence ofSilver, Gold, Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium in Mont Blanc ice and snow since 18th century, Atmos. Environ., 34, 3117-3127,2000. (Pubitemid 30249216)
52. Veysseyre, A., Moutard, K., Ferrari, C., Velde, K. V d., Barbante, C., Cozzi, G., Capodaglio, G., and Boutron, C.: Heavy metals in fresh snow collected at different altitudes in the Chamonix and Maurienne valleys, French Alps: initial results, Atmos. Environ., 35,415-425,2001.
53. Wedepohl, K. H.: The composition of the continental crust, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 59, 1217-1232, 1995.
54. Weiss, D., Shotyk, W., Appleby, P. G., Kramers, J. D., and Cheburkin, A. K.: Atmospheric Pb Deposition since the Indus-trial Revolution Recorded by Five Swiss Peat Profiles: Enrich-ment Factors, Fluxes, Isotopic Composition, and Sources, Envi-ron. Sci. Technol., 33, 1340-1352, 1999. (Pubitemid 29217816)