Contribution of VOC sources to photochemical ozone formation and its control policy implication in Hong Kong

Environmental Science and Policy

Volumn 38, Issue , 2014, Pages 180-191

  Ling, Z H ^a,b   Guo, H ^a  

^a HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

^b SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Control policy; O3; Relative ozone reduction efficiency; VOC sources

Indexed keywords

EID: 84894339114     PISSN: 14629011     EISSN: 18736416     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2013.12.004     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Avery R.J. Reactivity-based VOC control for solvent products: more efficient ozone reduction strategies. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:4845-4850.
2. Blake D.R., Rowland F.S. Urban leakage of liquefied petroleum gas and its impact on Mexico City air quality. Science 1995, 269:953-956.
3. Borbon A., Locoge N., Veilerot M., et al. Characterization of NMHCs in a French urban atmospheric: overview of the main sources. Sci. Total Environ. 2002, 292:177-191.
4. Brown S.G., Frankel A., Hafner H.R. Source apportionment of VOCs in Los Angeles area using positive matrix factorization. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:227-237.
5. Cardelino C.A., Chameides W.L. An observation-based model for analyzing ozone precursor relationships in the urban atmosphere. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 1995, 45:161-180.
6. Carter W.P.L. Development of ozone reactivity scales for volatile organic compounds. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 1994, 44:881-899.
7. Chameides W.L., Fehsenfeld F., Rodgers M.O., et al. Ozone precursor relationships in the ambient atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 1992, 97:6037-6055.
8. Chang C.C., Chen T.Y., Lin C.Y., et al. Effects of reactive hydrocarbons on ozone formation in southern Taiwan. Atmos. Environ. 2005, 39:2867-2878.
9. Cheng H.R., Guo H., Wang X.M., et al. On the relationship between ozone and its precursors in the Pearl River Delta: application of an observation-based model (OBM). Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 2010, 17:547-560.
10. Derwent R.G., Jenkin M.E., Passant N.R., et al. Reactivity-based strategies for photochemical ozone control in Europe. Environ. Sci. Policy 2007, 10:445-453.
11. Derwent R.G., Jenkin M.E., Saunders S.M., et al. Photochemical ozone creation potentials for organic compounds in Northwest Europe calculated with a Master Chemical Mechanism. Atmos. Environ. 1998, 32:2429-2441.
12. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) 3.0 Fundamentals and User Guide 2008.
13. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Report on Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies, Trees and Vegetation 2008, http://www.epa.gov/hiri/resources/compendium.htm.
14. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Emission Inventory Improvement Programs. Technical Report Series. Technology Transfer Network Clearinghouse for Inventories and Emission Factors 2004, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport.
15. Gilman J.B., Kuster W.C., Goldan P.D., et al. Measurements of volatile organic compounds during the 2006 TexAQS/GoMACCS campaign: industrial influences, regional characteristics, and diurnal dependencies of the OH reactivity. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:D00F06. 10.1029/2008JD011525.
16. Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Monitoring Centre (GDEMC), and Environmental Protection Department of Hong Kong (HKEPD) Pearl River Delta Regional Air Quality Monitoring Network Report 2005-2012, (in Chinese). http://sc.epd.gov.hk/gb/www.epd.gov.hk/epd/tc_chi/environmentinhk/air/prob_solutions/air_problems.html.
17. Guo H., Wang T., Louie P.K.K. Source apportionment of ambient non-methane hydrocarbons in Hong Kong: application of a principal component analysis/absolute principal component scores (PCA/APCS) receptor model. Environ. Pollut. 2004, 129:489-498.
18. Guo H., So K.L., Simpson I.J., et al. C1 to C8 volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere of Hong Kong: Overview of atmospheric processing and source apportionment. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:1456-1472.
19. Guo H., Cheng H.R., Ling Z.H., et al. Which emission sources are responsible for the volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere of Pearl River Delta. J. Hazard. Mater. 2011, 188:116-124.
20. Guo H., Zou S.C., Tsai W.Y., et al. Emission characteristics of nonmethane hydrocarbons from private cars and taxis at different driving speeds in Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45:2711-2721.
21. Guo H., Jiang F., Cheng H.R., et al. Concurrent observations of air pollutants at two sites in the Pearl River Delta and the implication of regional transport. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9:7343-7360.
22. Guo H., Ling Z.H., Cheung K., et al. Characterization of photochemical pollution at different elevations in mountainous areas in Hong Kong. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013, 13:3881-3898.
23. HKCSD (Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department) Hong Kong Energy Statistics: Annual Report 2010, http://www.censtatd.gov.hk.
24. Ho K.F., Lee S.C., Ho W.K., et al. Vehicular emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a tunnel study in Hong Kong. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9:7491-7504.
25. HKPD (Hong Kong Protection Department) Final Report on Review on the Effectiveness of VOC Control Programme in Hong Kong 2010, http://www.epd-asg.gov.hk/english/report/aqr.html.
26. HKEPD (Hong Kong Protection Department) Air Quality in Hong Kong 2012, 2011.http://www.epd-asg.gov.hk/english/report/aqr.html.
27. HKEPD (Hong Kong Protection Department) Hong Kong Air Pollution Emission Inventory 2012, http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/data/files/2010HKEIReportEng.pdf.
28. HKEPD (Hong Kong Protection Department) Integrated Data Analysis and Characterization of Photochemical Ozone in Hong Kong 2012, http://www.epd-asg.gov.hk/english/report/aqr.html.
29. HKHYD (Hong Kong Highways Department) The Hong Kong Road Network Report 2013, http://www.hyd.gov.hk/en/road_and_railway/existing/road_network/road.html.
30. Hopke P.K. Recent developments in receptor modeling. Chemometr. Intell. Lab. 2003, 17:255-265.
31. Jenkin M.E., Clemitshaw K.C. Ozone and other secondary photochemical pollutants: chemical processes governing their formation in the planetary boundary layer. Atmos. Environ. 2000, 34:2499-2527.
32. Kwon K.D., Jo W.K., Lim H.J., et al. Characterization of emissions composition for selected household products available in Korea. J. Hazard. Mater. 2007, 148:192-198.
33. Lam S.H.M., Ling Z.H., Guo H., et al. Modeling VOC source impacts on high ozone episode days observed at a mountain summit in Hong Kong under the influence of mountain-valley breezes. Atmos. Environ. 2013, 81:166-176.
34. Lau A.K.H., Yuan Z.B., Yu J.Z., et al. Source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in Hong Kong. Sci. Total Environ. 2010, 408:4138-4149.
35. Lauz V.A., Henne S., Staehelin J., et al. Statistical analysis of anthropogenic non-methane VOC variability at a European background location (Jungfraujoch, Switzerland). Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9:3445-3459.
36. 7 hydrocarbon sources at an urban background site in Zurich, Switzerland: changes between 1993-1994 and 2005-2006. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2008, 8:2313-2332.
37. Leung D.Y.C., Wong P., Cheung B.K.H., et al. Improved land cover and emission factors for modeling biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions from Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ. 2010, 44:1456-1468.
38. Ling Z.H., Guo H., Cheng H.R., et al. Sources of ambient volatile organic compounds and their contributions to photochemical ozone formation at a site in the Pearl River Delta, southern China. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159:2310-2319.
39. Liu Y., Shao M., Lu S.H., et al. Source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in the Pearl River Delta, China: Part II. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:6261-6274.
40. Louie P.K.K., Ho J.W.K., Tsang R.C.W., et al. VOCs and OVOCs distribution and control policy implications in Pearl River Delta region, China. Atmos. Environ. 2012, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.058.
41. Na K., Kim Y.P. Chemical mass balance receptor model applied to ambient C2-C9VOC concentration in Seoul, Korea: effect of chemical reaction losses. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:6715-6728.
42. Paatero P. User's Guide for Positive Matrix Factorization Programs PMF2 and PMF3, Part 1: Tutorial 2000, University of Helsinki, Finland.
43. Russell A., Dennis R. NARSTO critical review of photochemical models and modelling. Atmos. Environ. 2000, 34:22832324.
44. Seila R.L., Main H.H., Arriaga J.L., et al. Atmospheric volatile organic compounds measurements during the 1996 Paso del Norte ozone study. Sci. Total Environ. 2001, 276:153-169.
45. x and hydrocarbons in urban and polluted rural environments. Atmos. Environ. 1999, 33:1821-1845.
46. 2. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10:11931-11954.
47. Song Y., Shao M., Liu Y., et al. Source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in Beijing. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:4348-4353.
48. Song Y., Dai W., Shao M., et al. Comparison of receptor models for source apportionment of volatile organic compounds in Beijing, China. Environ. Pollut. 2008, 156:174-183.
49. Tang J.H., Chan L.Y., Chan C.Y., et al. Characteristics and diurnal variations of NMHCs at urban, suburban, and rural sites in the Pearl River Delta and a remote site in South China. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:8620-8632.
50. Tang J.H., Chan L.Y., Chan C.Y., et al. Implications of changing urban and rural emissions on non-methane hydrocarbons in the Pearl River Delta region of China. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:3780-3794.
51. x abundances and Hox production rates in the Nashville urban plume. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107(D12):4146. 10.1029/2001JD000932.
52. Tsai W.Y., Chan L.Y., Blake D.R., et al. Vehicular fuel composition and atmospheric emissions in South China: Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou, and Zhuhai. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2006, 6:3281-3288.
53. Tsui J.K.Y., Guenther A., Yip W.K., et al. A biogenic volatile organic compound emission inventory for Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43:6442-6448.
54. Wang T., Wei X.L., Ding A.J., et al. Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China 1994-2007. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9:6217-6227.
55. Xie Y.L., Bekowitz C.M. The use of positive matrix factorization with conditional probability functions in air quality studies: an application to hydrocarbon emissions in Houston, Texas. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40:3070-3091.
56. Yu Y.F., Lu Q., Zheng J.Y., Zhong L.J. VOC emission inventory and its uncertainty from the key VOC-related industries in the Pearl River Delta Region. China Environ. Sci. 2011, 31:195-201. (in Chinese).
57. Zhang J., Wang T., Chameides W.L., et al. Ozone production and hydrocarbon reactivity in Hong Kong, Southern China. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2007, 7:557-573.
58. Zhang Y.H., Su H., Zhong L.J., et al. Regional ozone pollution and observation-based approach for analyzing ozone-precursor relationship during the PRIDE-PRD2004 campaign. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:6203-6218.
59. Zhang Y., Wang X., Barletta B., et al. Source attributions of hazardous aromatic hydrocarbons in urban, suburban and rural areas in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. J. Hazard. Mater. 2013, 250-251:403-411.
60. Zheng J.Y., Shao M., Che W.W., et al. Speciated VOC emission inventory and spatial patterns of ozone formation potential in the Pearl River Delta, China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43:8580-8586.
61. Zheng J.Y., Zhang L.J., Che W.W., et al. A highly resolved temporal and spatial air pollutant emission inventory for the Pearl River Delta region, China and its uncertainty assessment. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43:5112-5122.
62. Zhong L., Louie P.K.K., Zheng J., et al. Science-policy interplay: air quality management in the Pearl River Delta region and Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ. 2013, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.03.012.