Source apportionment of ambient non-methane hydrocarbons in Hong Kong: Application of a principal component analysis/absolute principal component scores (PCA/APCS) receptor model

Environmental Pollution

Volumn 129, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 489-498

  Guo, H ^a   Wang, T ^a   Louie, P K K ^b  

^a HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

^b Environmental Protection Department   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

APCS; Non methane hydrocarbons; PCA; Receptor model; Source apportionment

Indexed keywords

COMBUSTION; CORRELATION METHODS; GAS EMISSIONS; HYDROCARBONS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NATURAL GAS; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; SAMPLING; SOLVENTS;

FUEL COMBUSTION; NON-METHANE HYDROCARBONS (NMHC);

AIR POLLUTION;

ALKANE; ALKENE; AROMATIC AMIDE; CARBON; FUEL; HYDROCARBON; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; METHANE; PAINT; PETROLEUM DERIVATIVE; SOLVENT;

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; HYDROCARBON; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS;

AIR POLLUTANT; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; CARBON SOURCE; COMBUSTION; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CORRELATION COEFFICIENT; EXHAUST GAS; GAS ANALYSIS; HONG KONG; INDUSTRY; LIQUEFACTION; MEASUREMENT; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; POLLUTANT; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS;

AIR POLLUTANTS; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FOSSIL FUELS; HONG KONG; HYDROCARBONS; INDUSTRY; MODELS, CHEMICAL; PAINT; PETROLEUM; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; SOLVENTS; URBAN HEALTH; VEHICLE EMISSIONS;

EID: 1542358936     PISSN: 02697491     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.11.006     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Arya S.P. Air pollution meteorology and dispersion. 1999;Oxford University Press, New York. p. 13.
2. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) Toxicological profile for benzene. Update. 1997;Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Ga.
3. Barletta B., Meinardi S., Simpson I.J., Khwaja H.A., Blake D.R., Rowland F.S. Mixing ratios of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere of Karachi, Pakistan. Atmospheric Environment. 36:2002;3429-3443.
4. Blake D.R., Rowland F.S. Urban leakage of liquefied petroleum gas and its impact on Mexico City air quality. Science. 269:1995;953-956.
5. Borbon A., Locoge N., Veillerot M., Galloo J.C., Guilermo R. Characterisation of NMHCs in a French urban atmosphere: overview of the main sources. The Science of the Total Environment. 292:2002;177-191.
6. Brocco D., Fratarcangeli R., Lepore L., Petricca M., Ventrone I. Determination of aromatic hydrocarbons in urban air of Rome. Atmospheric Environment. 31:1997;557-566.
7. Bruno P., Caselli M., de Gennaro G., Traini A. Source apportionment of gaseous atmospheric pollutants by means of an absolute principal component scores (APCS) receptor model. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 371:2001;1119-1123.
8. Buhamra S.S., Bouhamra W.S., Elkilani A.S. Assessment of air quality in ninety-nine residences of Kuwait. Environmental Technology. 19:1998;357-368.
9. Finlayson-Pitts B.J., Pitts J.N. Tropospheric air pollution. ozone, airborne toxics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particles Science. 276:1997;1045-1052.
10. Fujita E.M., Croes B.E., Bennet C.L., Lawson D.R., Lurmann F.W., Main H.H. Comparison of emission of ambient concentration ratios of CO, NOx, and NMOG in California's South Coast Air Basin. AWMA. 42:1992;264-276.
11. Grosjean E., Rasmussen R.A., Grosjean D. Toxic air contaminants in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Environmental Science & Technology. 33:1999;1970-1978.
12. Guo H., Lee S.C., Li W.M., Cao J.J. Source characterization of BTEX in indoor microenvironments in Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment. 37:2003;73-82.
13. Harley R., Russell A.G., McRae G.J., Cass G.R., Seinfeld J.H. Photochemical modeling of the Southern California Air Quality Study. Environmental Science & Technology. 27:1993;378-388.
14. Harrison R.M., Smith D.J.T., Luhana L. Source apportionment of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons collected from an urban location in Birmingham. U.K. Environmental Science & Technology. 30:1996;825-832.
15. Henry R.C., Hidy G.M. Multivariate analysis of particulate sulfate and other air quality variables by principal components-part I. Annual data from Los Angeles and New York. Atmospheric Environment. 13:1979;1581-1596.
16. Henry R.C., Hidy G.M. Multivariate analysis of particulate sulfate and other air quality variables by principal components-II. Salt Lake City, Utah and St. Louis, Missouri. Atmospheric Environment. 16(5):1982;929-943.
17. Himmelstein M.W., Acquavella J.F., Recio L. Toxicology and epidemiology of 1,3-butadiene. Critical Review of Toxicology. 27(1):1997;1-108.
18. HKEPD Study of air quality in the Pearl River Delta region, Final report. R0355.01, Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, 2002.
19. Kaiser H.F. The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis. Psychometrika. 32:1958;443-482.
20. Kim B.M., Henry R.C. Application of SAFER model to the Los Angeles PM10 data. Atmospheric Environment. 34:2000;1747-1759.
21. Kleinman M.T., Pasternack B.S., Elsenbud M., Kneip T.J. Identifying and estimating the relative importance of sources of airborne particulates. Environmental Science & Technology. 14(1):1980;62-65.
22. Miller S.L., Anderson M.J., Daly E.P., Milford J.B. Source apportionment of exposures to volatile organic compounds. I. Evaluation of receptor models using simulated exposure data. Atmospheric Environment. 36:2002;3629-3641.
23. Mohamed M.F., Kang D., Aneja V.P. Volatile organic compounds in some urban locations in United States. Chemosphere. 47:2002;863-882.
24. NRC (National Research Council) Rethinking the ozone problem in urban and regional air pollution. 1992;National Academy Press, Washington DC.
25. Scheff P.A., Wadden A. Receptor modeling of volatile organic compounds. 1. Emission inventory and validation. Environmental Science & Technology. 27:1993;617-625.
26. Sharma U.K., Kajii Y., Akimoto H. Characterization of NMHCs in downtown urban center Kathmandu and rural site Nagarkot in Nepal. Atmospheric Environment. 34:2000;3297-3307.
27. 12 volatile organic compounds in Summa© canisters by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analyst. 126:2001;310-321.
28. 12 non-methane hydrocarbons in subtropical Hong Kong, China. The Science of the Total Environment, in press.
29. Swietlicki, E., Puri, S., Hansson, H.-C., Edner, H., 1996. Urban air pollution source apportionment using a combination of aerosol and gas monitoring techniques. Atmospheric Environment 30 (15), 2795-2809.
30. Thurston G.D., Spengler J.D. A quantitative assessment of source contributions to inhalable particulate matter pollution in metropolitan Boston. Atmospheric Environment. 19(1):1985;9-25.
31. Watson J.G., Chow J.C., Fujita E.M. Review of volatile organic compounds source apportionment by chemical mass balance. Atmospheric Environment. 35:2001;1567-1584.