The Bellamy challenge: It's about time

Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps

Volumn 160, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 9-15

  Dobson, Geoffrey P ^a   Letson, H L ^a   Tadaki, D ^a,b  

^a JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HETASTARCH DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; BLEEDING; CRITICAL ILLNESS; FLUID THERAPY; HISTORY; HUMAN; HYPOVOLEMIA; METHODOLOGY; MILITARY MEDICINE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RESUSCITATION; SHOCK; SOLDIER; TRAUMA MANAGEMENT; VASCULAR SURGERY; WAR;

TRAUMA MANAGEMENT; VASCULAR SURGERY;

CRITICAL ILLNESS; FLUID THERAPY; HEMORRHAGE; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; HUMANS; HYDROXYETHYL STARCH DERIVATIVES; HYPOVOLEMIA; MILITARY MEDICINE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; RESUSCITATION; SHOCK; WAR;

EID: 84894084955     PISSN: 00358665     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/jramc-2013-000145     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. Beekley AC. Damage Control Resuscitation: a sensible approach to the exsanguating patient. Crit Care Med 2008;36(No 7 Supp):S267-274.
2. Martin GJ, Dunne JR, Cho JM, et al. Prevention of infections associated with combat-related thoracic and abdominal cavity injuries. J Trauma 2011;71(2 Suppl 2):S270-281.
3. Bellamy RF. The causes of death in conventional land warfare: implications for combat casualty care research. Mil Med 1984;149:55-62.
4. WHO. Injuries & violence: the facts. Geneva, 2010
5. Angele MK, Schneider CP, Chaudry IH. Bench-to-bedside review: latest results in haemorrhagic shock. Crit Care 2008;12:218.
6. McSwain NE, Champion HR, Fabian TC, et al. State of the Art of Fluid Resuscitation 2010: prehospital and immediate transition to the hospital. J Trauma 2011;70(5 Suppl):S2-10.
7. Dutton RP. Resuscitative strategies to maintain homeostasis during damage control surgery. Br J Surg 2012;99(Suppl 1):21-8.
8. Wiggers CJ. The Prognostic Significance of Pulse Pressure Changes During Haemorrhage. Arch Int Med 1910;6(Sept):281-92.
9. Frost P, Wise M. Recognition and management of the patient with shock. Acute Med 2006;5:43-7.
10. Hoyt DB. A clinical review of bleeding dilemmas in trauma. Semin Hematol 2004;41:40-3.
11. Soreide E, Deakin CD. Pre-hospital fluid therapy in the critically injured patient--a clinical update. Injury 2005;36:1001-10.
12. Spinella PC, Holcomb JB. Resuscitation and transfusion principles for traumatic haemorrhagic shock. Blood Rev 2009;23:231-40.
13. Letson HL, Dobson GP. Small-volume 7.5% NaCl with 6% Dextran-70 or 6% and 10% Hetastarch are associated with arrhythmias and death following 60 min of severe haemorrhagic shock in the rat in vivo. J Trauma 2011;70(June 6):1444-52.
14. Jackson K, Nolan J. The role of hypotensive resuscitation in the management of trauma. J Intensive Care Soc 2009;10:109-14.
15. Butler FK. Fluid resuscitation in tactical combat casualty care: brief history and current status. J Trauma 2011;70:S11-12.
16. Butler F, Hagmann J, Butler EG. Tactical combat casualty care in special operations military medicine. 1996;161(Suppl 3):1-16.
17. Butler FKJ, Holcomb JB, Giebner SD, et al. Tactical combat casualty care 2007: evolving concepts and battlefield experience. Mil Med 2007;172(11 Suppl.):1-19.
18. Bellamy RF, Maningas PA, Wenger BA. Current shock models and clinical correlations. Annals of Emerg Med 1986;15:1392-5.
19. Kotwal RS, Montgomery HR, Kotwal BM, et al. Eliminating preventable death on the battlefield. Arch Surg 2011;146:1350-8.
20. Gerhardt RT, Berry JA, Blackbourne LH. Analysis of life-saving interventions performed by out-of-hospital combat medical personnel. J Trauma 2011;71(1 Suppl):S109-113.
21. Holcomb JB. Fluid resuscitation in modern combat casualty care: lessons learned from Somalia. J Trauma 2003;54(5 Suppl.):S46-51.
22. Mortelmans Y, Merckx E, van Nerom C, et al. Effect of an equal volume replacement with 500 mL 6% hydroxyethyl starch on the blood and plasma volume of healthy volunteers. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1995;12:259-64.
23. Handrigan MT, Bentley TB, Oliver JD, et al. Choice of fluid influences outcome in prolonged hypotensive resuscitation after haemorrhage in awake rats. Shock 2005;23:337-43.
24. Shafer SL. Editor's note: notices of retraction. Anesth Analg 2011;112:1246-7.
25. Boldt J, Priebe HJ. Intravascular volume replacement therapy with synthetic colloids: is there an influence on renal function? Anesth Analg 2003;96:376-82.
26. Boldt J, Mayer J, Brosch C, et al. Volume replacement with a balanced hydroxyethyl starch (HES) preparation in cardiac surgery patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2010;24:399-407. Retraction in: J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011;2025(2014):2755-2017.
27. Hartog C, Reinhart K. CONTRA: Hydroxyethyl starch solutions are unsafe in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2009;35:1337-42.
28. Hartog C, Kohl M, Reinhart K. A systematic review of third-generation Hydroxyethyl Starch (HES 130/0.4) in resuscitation: safety not adequately addressed. Anesth Analg 2011;112:635-45.
29. Lissauer ME, Chi A, Kramer ME, et al. Association of 6% hetastarch resuscitation with adverse outcomes in critically ill trauma patients. Am J Surg 2011;202:53-8.
30. Béchir M, Puhan MA, Neff SB, et al. Early fluid resuscitation with hyperoncotic hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (10%) in severe burn injury. Crit Care 2010;14:R123.
31. Perner A, Haasem N, Guttormsen AB, et al. Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.42 versus Ringer's Acetate in Severe Sepsis. New Eng J Med 2012;367:124-34.
32. Ogilvie MP, Pereira BM, McKenney MG, et al. First report on safety and efficacy of hetastarch solution for initial fluid resuscitation at a level 1 trauma center. J Am Coll Surg 2010;210:870-82.
33. http://wwwfdagov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/SafetyAvailability/ucm358271htm
34. Blackbourne L, Czarnik J, Mabry R, et al. Decreasing Killed in Action and Died of Wounds Rates in Combat Wounded. Editorial J Trauma 2010;69 (Supplement 1):S1-4.
35. Bulger EM. 7.5% Saline and 7.5% Saline/6% Dextran for Hypovolemic Shock. J Trauma 2011;70(5 May Supplement):S27-9.
36. Vassar MJ, Fischer RP, O'Brien PE, et al. A multicenter trial for resuscitation of injured patients with 7.5% sodium chloride. The effect of added dextran 70. The Multicenter Group for the Study of Hypertonic Saline in Trauma Patients. Arch Surg 1993;128:1003-11.
37. Kramer GC, Perron PR, Lindsey DC, et al. Small-volume resuscitation with hypertonic saline dextran solution. Surgery 1986;100:239-47.
38. Holcroft JW, Vassar MJ, Turner JE, et al. 3% NaCl and 7.5% NaCl/dextran 70 in the resuscitation of severely injured patients. Ann Surg 1987;206:279-88.
39. Alam HB, Rhee P. New developments in fluid resuscitation. Surg Clin North Am 2007;87:55-72.
40. Cotton BA. Alternative fluids for prehospital resuscitation: "Pharmacological" resuscitation fluids. J Trauma 2011;70(Suppl 5):S30-31.
41. Reinhart K, Perner A, Sprung CL, et al. Consensus statement of the ESICM task force on colloid volume therapy in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2012;38:368-83.
42. Gruen RL, Brohi K, Schreiber M, et al. Haemorrhage control in severely injured patients. Lancet 2012;380 (Sept 22):1099-108.
43. Dubick MA. Current concepts in fluid resuscitation for prehospital care of combat casualties. US Army Med Dep J 2011;5-6:18-24.
44. Santry HP, Alam HB. Fluid Resuscitation: past, present and the future. Shock 2010;33:229-41.
45. Pepe PE, Mosesso VNJ, Falk JL. Prehospital fluid resuscitation of the patient with major trauma. Prehosp Emerg Care 2002;6:81-91.
46. Rhee P. Noncolligative properties of intravenous fluids. Curr Opin Crit Care 2010;16:317-22.
47. de Felippe JJ, Timoner J, Velasco IT, et al. Treatment of refractory hypovolaemic shock by 7.5% sodium chloride injections. Lancet 1980;2:1002-4.
48. Dubick MA, Shek P, Wade CE. ROC trials update on prehospital hypertonic saline resuscitation in the aftermath of the US-Canadian trials. Clinics 2013;68:883-6.
49. Morrison CA, Carrick MM, Norman MA, et al. Hypotensive resuscitation strategy reduces transfusion requirements and severe postoperative coagulopathy in trauma patients with haemorrhagic shock: preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial. J Trauma 2011;70:652-63.
50. Bickell WH, Wall MJJ, Pepe PE, et al. Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1105-9.
51. Cannon W, Fraser J, Cowell E. The preventative treatment of wound shock. JAMA 1918;70:618-21.
52. Letson HL, Dobson GP. Unexpected 100% Survival following 60% Blood Loss using Small-Volume 7.5% NaCl with Adenocaine and Mg2+ in the rat model of Extreme Haemorrhagic Shock. Shock 2011;36 6):586-94.
53. Letson HL, Dobson GP. Ultra-Small IV bolus of 7.5% NaCl/Mg2+ with adenosine and lidocaine (ALM) improves early resuscitation outcome in the rat following severe haemorrhagic shock in vivo. J Trauma 2011;71:708-19.
54. Chernow B, Roth BL. Pharmacologic manipulation of the peripheral vasculature in shock: clinical and experimental approaches. Circ Shock 1986;18:141-55.
55. Dunser MW, Wenzel V, Mayr AJ, et al. Management of vasodilatory shock: defining the role of arginine vasopressin. Drugs 2003;63:237-56.
56. Reilly PM, Wilkins KB, Fuh KC, et al. The mesenteric hemodynamic response to circulatory shock: an overview. Shock 2001;15:329-43.
57. Chesnut R. Avoidance of hypotension: conditio sine qua non of successful severe head-injury management. J Trauma 1997;42(5 Suppl):4-9.
58. Manley G, Knudson MM, Morabito D, et al. Hypotension, hypoxia, and head injury: frequency, duration, and consequences. Arch Surg 2001;136:1118-23.
59. Cohen MJ, Brohi K, Ganter MT, et al. Early coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury: the role of hypoperfusion and the protein C pathway. J Trauma 2007;63:1254-61.
60. Tan PG, Cincotta M, Clavisi O, et al. Review article: Prehospital fluid management in traumatic brain injury. Emerg Med Australas 2011;23:665-76.
61. Brohi K, Singh J, Heron M, et al. Acute traumatic coagulopathy. J Trauma 2003;54:1127-30.
62. Letson HL, Pecheniuk NM, Mhango LP, et al. Reversal of Acute Coagulopathy during hypotensive resuscitation using Small-Volume 7.5% NaCl with Adenocaine and Mg2+ in the Rat Model of Severe Haemorrhagic Shock. Crit Care Med 2012;40:2417-22.
63. Lairet KF, Lairet JR, King BT, et al. Prehospital burn management in a combat zone. Prehosp Emerg Care 2012;16:273-6.
64. Shoemaker WC, Peitzman AB, Bellamy R, et al. Resuscitation from severe haemorrhage. Crit Care Med 1996;24(2 Suppl):S12-23.
65. Krausz MM. Initial resuscitation of haemorrhagic shock. World J Emerg Surg 2006;1:14-8
66. Beecher HK. Resuscitation and Anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1946;7:644-50.
67. Yaghoubian A, Lewis RJ, Putnam B, et al. Reanalysis of prehospital intravenous fluid administration in patients with penetrating truncal injury and field hypotension. Am Surg 2007;73:1027-30.
68. Aird WC. Endothelium as an organ system. Crit Care Med 2004;32(5 Suppl):S271-279.
69. Aird WC. Spatial and temporal dynamics of the endothelium. J Thromb Haemost 2005;3: 1392-406.
70. Gómez H, Mesquida J, Hermus L, et al. Physiologic responses to severe haemorrhagic shock and the genesis of cardiovascular collapse: Can irreversibility be anticipated? J Surg Res 2012;10(10):1-12.
71. Bruno RM, Ghiadoni L, Seravalle G, et al. Sympathetic regulation of vascular function in health and disease. Front Physiol 2012;3:284-99.
72. Allen T, Iftinca M, WC. C, et al. Smooth muscle membrane potential modulates endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat basilar artery via myo-endothelial gap junctions. J Physiol 2002;545:975-86.
73. Dobson GP. Membrane Polarity: Target for Myocardial Protection and Reduced Inflammation in Adult and pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery (Editorial -Free Standing). J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;140:1213-7.
74. Amulic B, Cazalet C, Hayes GL, et al. Neutrophil Function: From Mechanisms to Disease. Annu Rev Immunol 2012;30:459-89.
75. Vinten-Johansen J, Jiang R, Reeves JG, et al. Inflammation, proinflammatory mediators and myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion Injury. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2007;21:123-45.
76. Wiel E, Vallet B, ten Cate H. The endothelium in intensive care. Crit Care Clin 2005;21:403-16.
77. Johnston B, Butcher EC. Chemokines in rapid leukocyte adhesion triggering and migration. Semin Immunol 2002;14:83-92.
78. Calvey CR, Toledo-Pereyra LH. Selectin inhibitors and their proposed role in ischaemia and reperfusion. J Invest Surg 2007;20:71-85.
79. Dixit N, Simon SI. Chemokines, selectins and intracellular calcium flux: temporal and spatial cues for leukocyte arrest. Front Immunol 2012;3:1-9.
80. Ward CA, Bazzazi H, Clark RB, et al. Actions of emigrated neutrophils on Na+ and K+ currents in rat ventricular myocytes. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2006;90:249-69.
81. Krogh A. The Progress of Physiology. Science 1929;70:200-4.
82. Dobson GP. Organ arrest, protection and preservation: natural hibernation to cardiac surgery: a review. Comp Biochem Physiol Part B 2004;139:469-85.
83. Dobson GP, Faggian G, Onorati F, et al. Hyperkalemic cardioplegia in adult and pediatric cardiac surgery: end of an era? Front Clin Transl Physiol 2013;4 28):1-28.
84. Onorati F, Santini F, Dandale R, et al. "Polarizing" microplegia improves cardiac cycle efficiency after CABG for unstable angina. Int J Cardiol 2013;167:2739-46.
85. Shi W, Jiang R, Dobson GP, et al. The non-depolarizing, normokalemic cardioplegia formulation adenosine-lidocaine (Adenocaine) exerts anti-neutrophil effects by synergistic actions of its components. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;143:1167-75.
86. 2+ Has Multiple Physiological Benefits During Hypotensive and Blood Resuscitation in the Porcine Model of Severe Haemorrhagic Shock. Circulation 2012;126:A177.
87. 2+ Preserves Cardiac Function During Hypotensive Resuscitation in the Pig Following Severe Haemorrhagic Shock. Circulation 2012;126:A4.
88. 2+ reduces fluid requirement to maintain hypotensive resuscitation and improves cardiac and renal function in a porcine model of severe haemorrhagic shock. Crit Care Med 2012;40:3013-25.
89. 2+ (ALM™) increases survival and corrects coagulopathy after 8 min asphyxial cardiac arrest in the rat. Shock 2013;40:222-32.
90. Hartmann AF, Elman R. The effects of loss of gastric and pancreatic secretions and the methods for restoration of normal conditions in the body. J Exp Med 1929;50:387-405.
91. Cannon WB. Organisation for physiological homeostasis. Physiol Rev 1929;9:399-431.
92. Weed LH, McKibben PS. Experimental alterations of brain bulk. Amer J Physiol 1919;48:531-55.