Sustained drug delivery in glaucoma

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 112-117

  Knight, O'Rese J ^a   Lawrence, Scott D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

drug delivery; glaucoma; implants; nanoparticles; neuroprotection

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; BIOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY; DELAYED-ACTION PREPARATIONS; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; GLAUCOMA; HUMANS; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE;

EID: 84894067421     PISSN: 10408738     EISSN: 15317021     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000031     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol 2006;90:262-267. (Pubitemid 43325451)
2. Quigley HA. Ganglion cell death in glaucoma: pathology recapitulates ontogeny. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol 1995;23:85-91. (Pubitemid 26020790)
3. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Primary open-angle glaucoma preferred practice pattern. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2010, pp. 16-19.
4. Kass MA, Hodapp E, Gordon M, et al. Part I. Patient administration of eyedrops: interview. Ann Ophthalmol 1982;14:775-779. (Pubitemid 12047013)
5. Okeke CO, Quigley HA, Jampel HD, et al. Adherence with topical glaucoma medication monitored electronically: the Travatan Dosing Aid study. Ophthalmology 2009;116:191-199.
6. Tsai JC, McClure CA, Ramos SE, et al. Compliance barriers in glaucoma: a systematic classification. J Glaucoma 2003;12:393-398. (Pubitemid 37237370)
7. Sleath B, Blalock S, Covert D, et al. The relationship between glaucoma medication adherence, eye drop technique, and visual field defect severity. Ophthalmology 2011;118:2398-2402.
8. Friedman DS, Quigley HA, Gelb L, et al. Using pharmacy claims data to study adherence to glaucoma medications: methodology and findings of the Glaucoma Adherence and Persistency Study (GAPS). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:5052-5057. (Pubitemid 351260915)
9. Ghate D, Edelhauser HF. Barriers to glaucoma drug delivery. J Glaucoma 2008;17:147-156. (Pubitemid 351412405)
10. du Toit LC, Pillay V, Choonara YE, et al. Ocular drug delivery-a look towards nanobioadhesives. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011;8:71-94.
11. Jain K, Kumar RS, Sood S, Dhyanandhan G. Betaxolol hydrochloride loaded chitosan nanoparticles for ocular delivery and their antiglaucoma efficacy. Curr Drug Deliv 2013;10:493-499.
12. Gupta H, Aqil M, Khar RK, et al. Nanoparticles laden in situ gel for sustained ocular drug delivery. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2013;5:162-165. This preclinical study evaluated the combined effects of PLGA nanoparticles incorporated in a chitosan-based gel with a radiolabelled drug on precorneal residence time. Residence time was greater for the nanoparticle-gel combination than either constituent or marketed drug formulation alone.
13. Singh J, Chhabra G, Pathak K. Development of acetazolamide-loaded, pH-triggered polymeric nanoparticulate in situ gel for sustained ocular delivery: in vitro. ex vivo evaluation and pharmacodynamic study. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013. [Epub ahead of print]
14. Verma P, Gupta RN, Jha AK, Pandey R. Development, in vitro and in vivo characterization of Eudragit RL 100 nanoparticles for improved ocular bioavailability of acetazolamide. Drug Deliv 2013;20:269-276.
15. Wu W, Li J, Wu L, et al. Ophthalmic delivery of brinzolamide by liquid crystalline nanoparticles: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013;14:1063-1071.
16. Shinde U, Ahmed MH, Singh K. Development of dorzolamide loaded 6-o-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles for open angle glaucoma. J Drug Deliv 2013;2013:562727.
17. Singh KH, Shinde UA. Chitosan nanoparticles for controlled delivery of brimonidine tartrate to the ocular membrane. Pharmazie 2011;66:594-599.
18. Li J, Wu L, Wu W, et al. A potential carrier based on liquid crystal nanoparticles for ophthalmic delivery of pilocarpine nitrate. Int J Pharm 2013;455:75-84.
19. Peng CC, Burke MT, Carbia BE, et al. Extended drug delivery by contact lenses for glaucoma therapy. J Control Release 2012;162:152-158. A comprehensive review of the historical background and emerging trends towards optimizing contact lens-based drug delivery for glaucoma.
20. Li CC, Chauhan A. Modeling ophthalmic drug delivery by soaked contact lenses. Ind Eng Chem Res 2006;45:3718-3734. (Pubitemid 43812810)
21. Xu J, Li X, Sun F. Preparation and evaluation of a contact lens vehicle for puerarin delivery. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2010;21:271-288.
22. Peng CC, Ben-Shlomo A, Mackay EO, et al. Drug delivery by contact lens in spontaneously glaucomatous dogs. Curr Eye Res 2012;37:204-211. A timolol-eluting contact lens achieved an IOP decrease of approximately 5mmHg over 24 h. This was comparable with conventional drug dosing and was maintained, even when the drug load was decreased by two-thirds.
23. Jung HJ, Abou-Jaoude M, Carbia BE, et al. Glaucoma therapy by extended release of timolol from nanoparticle loaded silicone-hydrogel contact lenses. J Control Release 2013;165:82-89. This preclinical animal study demonstrated that nanoparticles could be incorporated into hydrogel contact lenses containing timolol and that steady drug delivery could be maintained over a month after an initial burst.
24. Ciolino JB, Stefanescu CF, Ross AE, et al. In vivo performance of a drugeluting contact lens to treat glaucoma for a month. Biomaterials 2014;35:432-439. This animal study showed that contact lenses containing polymer-drug (latanoprost) films 40-45mm in thickness provided an initial burst of latanoprost in the aqueous humour followedby a steady-state concentration comparable with the average hourly concentration delivered from a drop of commercially available latanoprost.
25. Huang SF, Chen JL, Yeh MK, Chiang CH. Physicochemical properties and in vivo assessment of timolol-loaded poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) films for long-term intraocular pressure lowering effects. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2005;21:445-453.
26. Kashiwagi K, Ito K, Haniuda H, et al. Development of latanoprost-loaded biodegradable nanosheet as a new drug delivery system for glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013;54:5629-5637. This study evaluated latanoprost loaded at three concentrations into a 40 nm thick biodegradable nanosheet at three drug concentrations and applied to the corneas of rats. IOP reduction of more than 20% in the nanosheet containing latanoprost (2.5mg/cm) was sustained for 7 days without evidence of local adverse effects.
27. Fulgêncio Gde O, Viana FA, Ribeiro RR, et al. New mucoadhesive chitosan film for ophthalmic drug delivery of timolol maleate: in vivo evaluation. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2012;28:350-358. This study examined a chitosan-coated timolol maleate mucoadhesive filmapplied to the lower conjunctival sac in rabbits. Although the majority of drug (85%) was released in the first 2 weeks, in-vivo IOP levels were significantly reduced for 10 weeks.
28. Macoul KL, Pavan-Langston D. Pilocarpine ocusert system for sustained control of ocular hypertension. Arch Ophthalmol 1975;93:587-590.
29. Mati Therapeutics, Inc. A safety study of the latanoprost punctal plug delivery system (L-PPDS) in subjects with ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma. In ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000 [cited 1 October 2013]. Available from: http://clinical trials.gov/show/NCT00820300 NLM Identifier: NCT00820300.
30. ForSight Vision5, Inc. VISION5 product compared to topical timolol solution in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. In ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000-[cited 5 October 2013]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01915940 NLM Identifier: NCT01915940.
31. Ocular Therapeutix, Inc. Multi-arm feasibility study evaluating OTX-TP compared to timolol in treatment of subjects with open angle glaucoma. In ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000-[cited 5 October 2013]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials. gov/show/NCT01845038 NLM Identifier: NCT01845038.
32. Ambati J, Canakis CS, Miller JW, et al. Diffusion of high molecular weight compounds through sclera. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000;41:1181-1185. (Pubitemid 30187558)
33. Chong RS, Su DH, Tsai A, et al. Patient acceptance and attitude toward an alternative method of subconjunctival injection for the medical treatment of glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2013;22:190-194. In total, 151 glaucoma patients completed a 30-item questionnaire. Over 74% of respondents were willing to exchange topical medications for a subconjunctival injection given every 3 months. Most of these patients were willing to do so at equal or higher cost.
34. Wang Y, Challa P, Epstein DL, Yuan F. Controlled release of ethacrynic acid from poly (lactide-co-glycolide) films for glaucoma treatment. Biomaterials 2004;25:4279-4285. (Pubitemid 38388589)
35. Natu MV, Gaspar MN, Fontes Ribeiro CA, et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of an intraocular implant for glaucoma treatment. Int J Pharm 2011;415:73-82.
36. Bertram JP, Saluja SS, McKain J, Lavik EB. Sustained delivery of timolol maleate from poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly (lactic acid) microspheres for over 3 months. J Microencapsul 2009;26:18-26.
37. Natarajan JV, Ang M, Darwitan A, et al. Nanomedicine for glaucoma: liposomes provide sustained release of latanoprost in the eye. Int J Nanomedicine 2012;7:123-131. This study evaluated the efficacy of latanoprost-loaded liposomes injected in the subconjunctival space of rabbit eyes and found a sustained decrease in IOP of 4.8mmHg over 90 days with no signs of ocular inflammation.
38. pSivida Corp, 2013. http://www.psivida.com/products-durasert.html
39. Schwartz SG, Flynn HW Jr. Fluocinolone acetonide implantable device for diabetic retinopathy. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2011;12:347-351.
40. Wang J, Jiang A, Joshi M, Christoforidis J. Drug delivery implants in the treatment of vitreous inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2013;2013:1-8.
41. Haller JA, Bandello F, Belfort R Jr, et al. Randomized, sham-controlled trial of dexamethasone intravitreal implant in patients with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmology 2010;117:1134-1146.
42. Campochiaro PA, Brown DM, Pearson A, et al. Sustained delivery fluocinolone acetonide vitreous inserts provide benefit for at least 3 years in patients with diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2012;119:2125-2132.
43. Allergan. Safety and effects of brimonidine intravitreal implant in patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy. In ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2000 [cited 24 November 2013]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00693485 NLM Identifier: NCT00693485.
44. Campochiaro PA, Nguyen QD, Hafiz G, et al. Aqueous levels of fluocinolone acetonide after administration of fluocinolone acetonide inserts or fluocinolone acetonide implants. Ophthalmology 2013;120:583-587. This study measured aqueous levels of fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) in patients who received 0.2mg/day (low dose) versus 0.5mg/day (high dose) Illuvian or the Retisert implant. Aqueous levels of FAc in all groups were elevated during the first 3 months before reaching a steady state. For patients receiving the Illuvian insert, drug levels in the aqueous maintained a steady state for 36 months in the low-dose group and 24 months in the high-dose group.
45. Carmignoto G, Maffei L, Candeo P, et al. Effect of NGF on the survival of rat retinal ganglion cells following optic nerve section. J Neurosci 1989;9:1263-1272. (Pubitemid 19116746)
46. Mey J, Thanos S. Intravitreal injections of neurotrophic factors support the survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells in adult rats in vivo. Brain Res 1993;602:304-317. (Pubitemid 23053202)
47. Cohen-Cory S, Fraser SE. Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on optic axon branching and remodeling in vivo. Nature 1995;378:192-196.
48. Checa-Casalengua P, Jiang C, Bravo-Osuna I, et al. Retinal ganglion cells survival in a glaucoma model by GDNF/Vit E PLGA microspheres prepared according to a novel microencapsulation procedure. J Control Release 2011;156:92-100.
49. Borras T. Advances in glaucoma treatment and management: gene therapy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012;53:2506-2510.
50. Pita-Thomas DW, Goldberg JL. Nanotechnology and glaucoma: little particles for a big disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2013;24:130-135.
51. Merritt SR, Velasquez G, von Recum HA. Adjustable release of mitomycin C for inhibition of scar tissue formation after filtration surgery. Exp Eye Res 2013;116:9-16.
52. WuZ, Li S, Wang N, et al. Acomparative study of the safety and efficacy effect of 5-fluorouracil or mitomycinCmounted biological deliverymembranes in a rabbit model of glaucoma filtration surgery. Clin Ophthalmol 2013;7:655-662.