Understanding nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 159-164

  Alikhan, Mir M ^a   Lee, F Eun Hyung ^a  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

acute exacerbations; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae; oral immunotherapy

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; BACTERIAL ADHESION; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HAEMOPHILUS INFECTIONS; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; HUMANS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INFLAMMATION; PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE; RESPIRATORY MUCOSA; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; VACCINATION;

EID: 84894026413     PISSN: 10705287     EISSN: 15316971     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000023     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Halbert RJ, Natoli JL, Gano A, et al. Global burden of COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2006;28:523-532.
2. Moghaddam SJ, Ochoa CE, Sethi S, Dickey BF. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2011;6:113-123.
3. Otczyk DC, Clancy RL, Cripps AW. Haemophilus influenzae and smokingrelated obstructive airways disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2011;6:345-351.
4. Donaldson GC, Seemungal TA, Bhowmik A, Wedzicha JA. Relationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2002;57:847-852.
5. Murphy TF. Haemophilus influenzae in chronic bronchitis. Semin Respir Infect 2000;15:41-51.
6. Bandi V, Apicella MA, Mason E, et al. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in the lower respiratory tract of patients with chronic bronchitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164:2114-2119.
7. Bandi V, Jakubowycz M, Kinyon C, et al. Infectious exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with respiratory viruses and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2003;37:69-75.
8. Groenewegen KH, Wouters EF. Bacterial infections in patients requiring admission for an acute exacerbation of COPD; a 1-year prospective study. Respir Med 2003;97:770-777.
9. King PT, Hutchinson PE, Johnson PD, et al. Adaptive immunity to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:587-592.
10. Murphy TF, Brauer AL, Schiffmacher AT, Sethi S. Persistent colonization by Haemophilus influenzae in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;170:266-272.
11. Rosell A, Monso E, Soler N, et al. Microbiologic determinants of exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:891-897.
12. Hill AT, Campbell EJ, Hill SL, et al. Association between airway bacterial load and markers of airway inflammation in patients with stable chronic bronchitis. Am J Med 2000;109:288-295.
13. Patel IS, Seemungal TA, Wilks M, et al. Relationship between bacterial colonisation and the frequency, character, and severity of COPD exacerbations. Thorax 2002;57:759-764.
14. Sethi S, Evans N, Grant BJ, Murphy TF. New strains of bacteria and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2002;347:465-471.
15. Moller LV, Timens W, van der Bij W, et al. Haemophilus influenzae in lung explants of patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:950-956.
16. King P. Haemophilus influenzae and the lung (Haemophilus and the lung). Clin Transl Med 2012;1:1-9. This is an excellent review describing the features of Haemophilus influenzae and its association with lung disease.
17. St Geme JW 3rd, Falkow S, Barenkamp SJ. High-molecular-weight proteins of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae mediate attachment to human epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90:2875-2879.
18. Plaut AG. The IgA1 proteases of pathogenic bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983;37:603-622.
19. Ahren IL, Janson H, Forsgren A, et al. Protein D expression promotes the adherence and internalization of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae into human monocytic cells. Microb Pathog 2001;31:151-158.
20. Murphy TF. Respiratory infections caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2003;16:129-134.
21. Heijink IH, Brandenburg SM, Postma DS, van Oosterhout AJ. Cigarette smoke impairs airway epithelial barrier function and cell-cell contact recovery. Eur Respir J 2012;39:419-428.
22. Mehta H, Nazzal K, Sadikot RT. Cigarette smoking and innate immunity. Inflamm Res 2008;57:497-503.
23. Berenson CS, Kruzel RL, Eberhardt E, Sethi S. Phagocytic dysfunction of human alveolar macrophages and severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Infect Dis 2013;208:2036-2045. This reference adds to the body of evidence supporting an impaired immune response to bacteria in COPD.
24. Berenson CS, Murphy TF, Wrona CT, Sethi S. Outer membrane protein P6 of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is a potent and selective inducer of human macrophage proinflammatory cytokines. Infect Immun 2005;73:2728-2735.
25. Kurita S, Koyama J, Onizuka S, et al. Dynamics of dendritic cell migration and the subsequent induction of protective immunity in the lung after repeated airway challenges by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae outer membrane protein. Vaccine 2006;24:5896-5903.
26. Shuto T, Xu H, Wang B, et al. Activation of NF-kappa B by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is mediated by Toll-like receptor 2-TAK1-dependent NIK-IKK alpha/beta-I kappa Balpha and MKK3/6-p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways in epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001;98:8774-8779.
27. King PT, Ngui J, Gunawardena D, et al. Systemic humoral immunity to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Clin Exp Immunol 2008;153:376-384.
28. King P, Ngui J, Oppedisano F, et al. Effect of interferon gamma and CD40 ligation on intracellular monocyte survival of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. APMIS 2008;116:1043-1049.
29. Dye JA, Adler KB. Effects of cigarette smoke on epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. Thorax 1994;49:825-834.
30. Jones JG, Minty BD, Lawler P, et al. Increased alveolar epithelial permeability in cigarette smokers. Lancet 1980;1:66-68.
31. Knobloch J, Schild K, Jungck D, et al. The T-helper cell type 1 immune response to Gram-negative bacterial infections is impaired in COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011;183:204-214.
32. Gaschler GJ, Skrtic M, Zavitz CC, et al. Bacteria challenge in smoke-exposed mice exacerbates inflammation and skews the inflammatory profile. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009;179:666-675.
33. Stampfli MR, Anderson GP. How cigarette smoke skews immune responses to promote infection, lung disease and cancer? Nat Rev Immunol 2009;9:377-384.
34. Berenson CS, Garlipp MA, Grove LJ, et al. Impaired phagocytosis of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae by human alveolar macrophages in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Infect Dis 2006;194:1375-1384.
35. King PT, Ngui J, Farmer MW, et al. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell responses to nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Clin Exp Immunol 2008;152:542-551.
36. Papi A, Bellettato CM, Braccioni F, et al. Infections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;173:1114-1121.
37. Oliver BG, Lim S, Wark P, et al. Rhinovirus exposure impairs immune responses to bacterial products in human alveolar macrophages. Thorax 2008;63:519-525.
38. Wilkinson TM, Hurst JR, Perera WR, et al. Effect of interactions between lower airway bacterial and rhinoviral infection in exacerbations of COPD. Chest 2006;129:317-324.
39. Morens DM, Taubenberger JK, Fauci AS. Predominant role of bacterial pneumonia as a cause of death in pandemic influenza: implications for pandemic influenza preparedness. J Infect Dis 2008;198:962-970.
40. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Bacterial coinfections in lung tissue specimens from fatal cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) - United States, May-August 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009;58:1071-1074.
41. Reddy MS, Murphy TF, Faden HS, Bernstein JM. Middle earmucinglycoprotein: purification and interaction with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997;116:175-180.
42. Denny FW. Effect of a toxin produced by Haemophilus influenzae on ciliated respiratory epithelium. J Infect Dis 1974;129:93-100.
43. Barenkamp SJ, Leininger E. Cloning, expression, and DNA sequence analysis of genes encoding nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae high-molecularweight surface-exposed proteins related to filamentous hemagglutinin of Bordetella pertussis. Infect Immun 1992;60:1302-1313.
44. Ahren IL, Williams DL, Rice PJ, et al. The importance of a beta-glucan receptor in the nonopsonic entry of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae into human monocytic and epithelial cells. J Infect Dis 2001;184:150-158.
45. Ahren IL, Eriksson E, Egesten A, Riesbeck K. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae activates human eosinophils through beta-glucan receptors. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2003;29:598-605.
46. Mulks MH, Kornfeld SJ, Frangione B, Plaut AG. Relationship between the specificity of IgA proteases and serotypes in Haemophilus influenzae. J Infect Dis 1982;146:266-274.
47. Craig JE, Cliffe A, Garnett K, High NJ. Survival of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in macrophages. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2001;203:55-61.
48. Clancy RL. Towards a vaccine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Intern Med J 2012;42:607-613. This review nicely summarizes the rationale and supporting evidence for NTHi immunotherapy.
49. Clancy RL, Dunkley M. Acute exacerbations in COPD and their control with oral immunization with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Front Immunol 2011;2:1-6.
50. Sethi S, Murphy TF. Infection in the pathogenesis and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2355-2365.
51. Stefan MS, Rothberg MB, Shieh MS, et al. Association between antibiotic treatment and outcomes in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of COPD treated with systemic steroids. Chest 2013;143:82-90. This retrospective cohort study of over 50 000 patients provides good evidence that use of antibiotics in COPD exacerbations improves the clinical outcomes.
52. Rothberg MB, Pekow PS, Lahti M, et al. Antibiotic therapy and treatment failure in patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA 2010;303:2035-2042.
53. Sethi S, Jones PW, Theron MS, et al., PULSE Study group. Pulsed moxifloxacin for the prevention of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Respir Res 2010;11:1-13.
54. Albert RK, Connett J, Bailey WC, et al. Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med 2011;365:689-698.
55. Clancy R, Cripps A, Murree-Allen K, et al. Oral immunisation with killed Haemophilus influenzae for protection against acute bronchitis in chronic obstructive lung disease. Lancet 1985;2:1395-1397.
56. Foxwell AR, Cripps AW, Dear KB. Haemophilus influenzae oral whole cell vaccination for preventing acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;10:CD001958.
57. Tandon MK, Phillips M, Waterer G, et al. Oral immunotherapy with inactivated nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae reduces severity of acute exacerbations in severe COPD. Chest 2010;137:805-811.