Diversity increases carbon storage and tree productivity in Spanish forests

Global Ecology and Biogeography

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 311-322

  Ruiz Benito, Paloma ^a,b,c   Gómez Aparicio, Lorena ^d   Paquette, Alain ^c   Messier, Christian ^c   Kattge, Jens ^e   Zavala, Miguel A ^b  

^a Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALCALÁ   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

^d INSTITUTO DE RECURSOS NATURALES Y AGROBIOLOGÍA DE SEVILLA   (Spain)

^e MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Climate; Community weighted means of trait value; Competition; Continental Spain; Diversity; Ecosystem functions and services; Forest management; Maximum likelihood techniques; National forest inventory

Indexed keywords

EID: 84893831588     PISSN: 1466822X     EISSN: 14668238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/geb.12126     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Adler, P.B., Seabloom, E.W., Borer, E.T. etal. (2011) Productivity is a poor predictor of plant species richness. Science, 333, 1750-1753.
2. Burnham, K.P. & Anderson, D.R. (2002) Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach, 2nd edn. Springer-Verlag, New York.
3. Cardinale, B.J., Wright, J.P., Cadotte, M.W., Carroll, I.T., Hector, A., Srivastava, D.S., Loreau, M. & Weis, J.J. (2007) Impacts of plant diversity on biomass production increase through time because of species complementarity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 104, 18123-18128.
4. Cardinale, B.J., Duffy, J.E., Gonzalez, A., Hooper, D.U., Perrings, C., Venail, P., Narwani, A., Mace, G.M., Tilman, D., Wardle, D.A., Kinzig, A.P., Daily, G.C., Loreau, M., Grace, J.B., Larigauderie, A., Srivastava, D.S. & Naeem, S. (2012) Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity. Nature, 486, 59-67.
5. Caspersen, J.P. & Pacala, S.W. (2001) Successional diversity and forest ecosystem function. Ecological Research, 16, 895-903.
6. Costa, M., Morla, C. & Sáinz, H. (1997) Los bosques Ibéricos: una interpretación geobotánica. Editorial Planeta, Barcelona.
7. Díaz, S., Hodgson, J.G., Thompson, K. etal. (2004) The plant traits that drive ecosystems: evidence from three continents. Journal of Vegetation Science, 15, 295-304.
8. Emberger, L. (1930) La végétation de la région méditerránéenne. Essai d'une classification des groupements végétaux. Revue de Botanique, 503, 705-721.
9. Goffe, W.L., Ferrier, G.D. & Rogers, J. (1994) Global optimization of statistical functions with simulated annealing. Journal of Econometrics, 60, 65-99.
10. Gómez-Aparicio, L., García-Valdés, R., Ruiz-Benito, P. & Zavala, M.A. (2011) Disentangling the relative importance of climate, size and competition on tree growth in Iberian forests: implications for management under global change. Global Change Biology, 17, 2400-2414.
11. Greiner La Peyre, M.K., Grace, J.B., Hahn, E. & Mendelssohn, I.A. (2001) The importance of competition in regulating plant species abundance along a salinity gradient. Ecology, 82, 62-69.
12. Grime, J.P. (1998) Benefits of plant diversity to ecosystems: immediate, filter and founder effects. Journal of Ecology, 86, 902-910.
13. Holmgren, M., Scheffer, M. & Huston, M.A. (1997) The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communities. Ecology, 78, 1966-1975.
14. Hooper, D.U., Chapin, F.S., Ewel, J.J., Hector, A., Inchausti, P., Lavorel, S., Lawton, J.H., Lodge, D.M., Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Schmid, B., Setala, H., Symstad, A.J., Vandermeer, J. & Wardle, D.A. (2005) Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning: a consensus of current knowledge. Ecological Monographs, 75, 3-35.
15. Hooper, D.U., Adair, E.C., Cardinale, B.J., Byrnes, J.E.K., Hungate, B.A., Matulich, K.L., Gonzalez, A., Duffy, J.E., Gamfeldt, L. & O'connor, M.I. (2012) A global synthesis reveals biodiversity loss as a major driver of ecosystem change. Nature, 468, 105-108.
16. Isbell, F., Calcagno, V., Hector, A., Connolly, J., Harpole, W.S., Reich, P.B., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schmid, B., Tilman, D., Van Ruijven, J., Weigelt, A., Wilsey, B.J., Zavaleta, E.S. & Loreau, M. (2011) High plant diversity is needed to maintain ecosystem services. Nature, 477, 199-202.
17. Kattge, J., Díaz, S., Lavorel, S. etal. (2011) TRY - a global database of plant traits. Global Change Biology, 17, 2905-2935.
18. Körner, C. (2004) Individuals have limitations, not communities - a response to Marrs, Weiher and Lortie etal. Journal of Vegetation Science, 15, 581-582.
19. Laliberté, E. & Legendre, P. (2010) A distance-based framework for measuring functional diversity from multiple traits. Ecology, 91, 299-305.
20. Lavorel, S., Grigulis, K., McIntyre, S., Williams, N.S.G., Garden, D., Dorrough, J., Berman, S., Quétier, F., Thébault, A. & Bonis, A. (2008) Assessing functional diversity in the field - methodology matters! Functional Ecology, 22, 134-147.
21. Lindner, M., Maroschek, M., Netherer, S., Kremer, A., Barbati, A., Garcia-Gonzalo, J., Seidl, R., Delzon, S., Corona, P., Kolstrom, M., Lexer, M.J. & Marchetti, M. (2010) Climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of European forest ecosystems. Forest Ecology and Management, 259, 698-709.
22. Loreau, M. (2000) Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: recent theoretical advances. Oikos, 91, 3-17.
23. Loreau, M. & Hector, A. (2001) Partitioning selection and complementarity in biodiversity experiments. Nature, 412, 72-76.
24. Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Inchausti, P., Bengtsson, J., Grime, J.P., Hector, A., Hooper, D.U., Huston, M.A., Raffaelli, D., Schmid, B., Tilman, D. & Wardle, D. (2001) Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: current knowledge and future challenges. Science, 294, 804-808.
25. Maestre, F.T., Quero, J.L., Gotelli, N.J. etal. (2012) Plant species richness and ecosystem multifunctionality in global drylands. Science, 335, 214-218.
26. Mokany, K., Ash, J. & Roxburgh, S. (2008) Functional identity is more important than diversity in influencing ecosystem processes in a temperate native grassland. Journal of Ecology, 96, 884-893.
27. 2 por los bosques españoles. Monografías INIA, Serie Forestal. INIA, Madrid.
28. Morin, X., Fahse, L., Scherer-Lorenzen, M. & Bugmann, H. (2011) Tree species richness promotes productivity in temperate forests through strong complementarity between species. Ecology Letters, 14, 1211-1219.
29. Murphy, L. (2008) Likelihood: methods for maximum likelihood estimation. R package version 1.4. Available at: http://www.sortie-nd.org/lme/lme_R_code_tutorials.html (accessed 1 December 2011).
30. Paquette, A. & Messier, C. (2011) The effect of biodiversity on tree productivity: from temperate to boreal forests. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 20, 170-180.
31. Pausas, J.C., Llovet, J., Rodrigo, A. & Vallejo, R. (2008) Are wildfires a disaster in the Mediterranean basin? - a review. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 17, 713-723.
32. Petchey, O.L. & Gaston, K.J. (2006) Functional diversity: back to basics and looking forward. Ecology Letters, 9, 741-758.
33. R Development Core Team (2011) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available at: http://www.r-project.org (accessed 1 December 2011).
34. Roscher, C., Schumacher, J., Gubsch, M.N., Lipowsky, A., Weigelt, A., Buchmann, N., Schmid, B. & Schulze, E.D. (2012) Using plant functional traits to explain diversity-productivity relationships. PLoS ONE, 7, e36760.
35. Schröter, D., Cramer, W., Leemans, R. etal. (2005) Ecosystem service supply and vulnerability to global change in Europe. Science, 310, 1333-1337.
36. Stegen, J.C., Swenson, N.G., Enquist, B.J., White, E.P., Phillips, O.L., Jørgensen, P.M., Weiser, M.D., Mendoza, A.M. & Vargas, P.N. (2011) Variation in above-ground forest biomass across broad climatic gradients. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 20, 744-754.
37. Swenson, N.G., Enquist, B.J., Pither, J. etal. (2012) The biogeography and filtering of woody plant functional diversity in North and South America. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 21, 798-808.
38. Tilman, D. (1996) Biodiversity: population versus ecosystem stability. Ecology, 77, 350-363.
39. Tilman, D. (1999) The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: a search of general principles. Ecology, 80, 1455-1474.
40. Vayreda, J., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Gracia, M. & Retana, J. (2012) Recent climate changes interact with stand structure and management to determine changes in tree carbon stocks in Spanish forests. Global Change Biology, 18, 1028-1041.
41. Vilà, M., Vayreda, J., Gracia, C. & Ibáñez, J. (2003) Does tree diversity increase wood production in pine forests? Oecologia, 135, 299-303.
42. Vilà, M., Inchausti, P., Vayreda, J., Barrantes, O., Gracia, M., Ibáñez, J.J. & Mata, T. (2005) Confounding factors in the observational productivity-diversity relationship in forests. Forest diversity and function: temperate and boreal systems (ed. by M. Scherer-Lorenzen, C. Körner and E.D. Schulze), pp. 65-86. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
43. Vilà, M., Vayreda, J., Comas, L., Ibáñez, J.J., Mata, T. & Obón, B. (2007) Species richness and wood production: a positive association in Mediterranean forests. Ecology Letters, 10, 241-250.
44. Vilà, M., Carrillo-Gavilán, A., Vayreda, J., Bugmann, H., Fridman, J., Grodzki, W., Haase, J., Kunstler, G., Schelhaas, M. & Trasobares, A. (2013) Disentangling biodiversity and climatic determinants of wood production. PLoS ONE, 8, e53530.
45. Villanueva, J.A. (2004) Tercer Inventario Forestal Nacional (1997-2007). Comunidad de Madrid. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Madrid.
46. Wardle, D.A., Bardgett, R.D., Walker, L.R., Peltzer, D.A. & Lagerstrom, A. (2008) The response of plant diversity to ecosystem retrogression: evidence from contrasting long-term chronosequences. Oikos, 117, 93-103.
47. Warren, J., Topping, C. & James, P. (2009) A unifying evolutionary theory for the biomass-diversity-fertility relationship. Theoretical Ecology, 2, 119-126.
48. Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Westoby, M. etal. (2004) The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature, 428, 821-827.
49. Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Falster, D.S., Groom, P.K., Hikosaka, K., Lee, W., Lusk, C.H., Niinemets, Ü., Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Warton, D.I. & Westoby, M. (2005) Modulation of leaf economic traits and trait relationships by climate. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 14, 411-421.
50. Zavala, M.A., Espelta, J.M. & Retana, J. (2000) Constraints and trade-offs in Mediterranean plant communities: the case of holm oak-Aleppo pine forests. Botanical Review, 66, 119-149.
51. Zhang, Y., Chen, H.Y.H. & Reich, P.B. (2012) Forest productivity increases with evenness, species richness and trait variation: a global meta-analysis. Journal of Ecology, 100, 742-749.