Prevalence of earthquake lights associated with rift environments

Seismological Research Letters

Volumn 85, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 159-178

  Thériault, Robert ^a   St Laurent, France ^b   Freund, Friedemann T ^c   Derr, John S ^b  

^a MINISTÈRE DES RESSOURCES NATURELLES ET DE LA FAUNE   (Canada)

^b San Jose State University ^*  (United States)

^c SAN JOSE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EARTHQUAKE; RIFT ZONE; SEISMOLOGY;

EID: 84893779392     PISSN: 08950695     EISSN: 19382057     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1785/0220130059     Document Type: Article

References (134)

1. Audemard, F. A. (2007). Revised seismic history of the El Pilar fault, Northeastern Venezuela, from the Cariaco 1997 earthquake and recent paleoseismic results, J. Seismol. 11, 311-326.
2. Balk, M., M. Bose, G. Ertem, D. A. Rogoff, L. J. Rothschild, and F. T. Freund (2009). Oxidation of water to hydrogen peroxide at the rock-water interface due to stress-activated electric currents in rocks, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 283, 87-92.
3. Baumann, H. (1984). Installation and measuring technique of two stations in the Hohenzollerngraben Region-First results, Oberrhein. Geol. Abh. 33, 1-14.
4. Bell, K., F. Castorina, G. Rosatelli, and F. Stoppa (2006). Plume activity, magmatism, and the geodynamic evolution of the Central Mediterranean, Ann. Geophys. Supplement to 49, no. 1, 357-371.
5. Bothner, W. A., and A. M. Hussey II (1999). Norumbega connections: Casco Bay, Maine to Massachusetts, Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 331, 59-72.
6. Braile, L. W., G. R. Keller, W. J. Hinze, and E. G. Lidiak (1982). An ancient rift complex and its relation to contemporary seismicity in the New Madrid seismic zone, Tectonics 1, 225-237.
7. Buffett, G., D. White, B. Roberts, and M. Colpron (2006). Preliminary results from the Whitehorse Trough seismic survey, Yukon Territory, Geol. Surv. Can. Curr. Res. 2006-A2, 9 pp.
8. Corliss, W. R. (2001). Remarkable luminous phenomena in nature, Catalog Geophys. Anomalies, 419 pp.
9. Coward, M., and D. Dietrich (1989). Alpine tectonics-An overview, in Alpine Tectonics, M. P. Coward, D. Dietrich, and R. G. Park (Editors), Geological Society of London Special Publication, Vol. 45, 1-29.
10. CPRM(2004). Serviço Geológico do Brasil. Carta Geológica do Brasil ao Milionésimo: sistema de informações geográficas-SIG. 41 CD Roms, ISBN: 85-7499-009-4.
11. Csontos, R., R. Van Arsdale, R. Cox, and B. Waldron (2008). Reelfoot rift and its impact on Quaternary deformation in the central Mississippi River valley, Geosphere 4, no. 1, 145-158.
12. D'Agostino, N., S. Mantenuto, E. D'Anastasio, A. Avallone, M. Barchi, C. Collettini, F. Radicioni, A. Stoppini, and G. Fastellini (2008). Contemporary crustal extension in the Umbria-Marche Apennines from regional CGPS networks and comparison between geodetic and seismic deformation, Tectonophysics 476, no. 1-2, 3-12.
13. De Ballore, M. (1913). The so-called luminous phenomena of earthquakes and the present state of the problem, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 3, 187-190.
14. Derr, J. S. (1973). Earthquake lights: A review of observations and present theories, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 63, 2177-2187.
15. Derr, J. S. (1977). Earthquake lights, Earthq. Information Bull. 9, no. 3, 18-21.
16. Derr, J. S. (1986). Luminous phenomena and their relationship to rock fracture, Nature 321, 470-471.
17. Derr, J. S., and M. A. Persinger (1990). Luminous phenomena and seismic energy in the Central United States, J. Scient. Explor. 4, no. 1, 55-69.
18. Derr, J. S., F. St-Laurent, F. T. Freund, and R. Thériault (2011). Earthquake lights, in Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, Harsh K. Gupta (Editor), Springer, Part 5, 165-167.
19. Devereux, P., P. McCartney, and D. Robins (1983). Bringing UFOs down to earth, New Scientist 99, 627-630.
20. Dèzes, P., S. M. Schmid, and P. A. Ziegler (2004). Evolution of the European Cenozoic Rift System: Interaction of the Alpine and Pyrenean orogens with their foreland lithosphere, Tectonophysics 389, 1-33.
21. Di Giovambattista, R., and Y. Tyupkin (1999). The fine structure of the dynamics of seismicity before M ≥4:5 earthquakes in the area of Reggio Emilia (Northern Italy), Annali di Geofisica 42, no. 5, 897-909.
22. Du Berger, R., D. W. Roy, M. Lamontagne, G. Woussen, R. G. North, and R. J. Wetmiller (1991). The Saguenay (Québec) earthquake of November 25, 1988: Seismological data and geologic setting, Tectonophysics 186, 59-74.
23. Dunworth, E. A., and B. M. Wilson (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: Mineralogy and petrogenesis, J. Petrol. 39, 1805-1836.
24. Ebel, J. E. (1996). The seventeenth century seismicity of northeastern North America, Seismol. Res. Lett. 67, 51-68.
25. ECOS (2013). Macroseismic Earthquake Catalog of Switzerland, From website http://hitseddb.ethz.ch:8080/ecos09/ (last accessed August 2013).
26. EERI (2007). The Pisco, Peru Earthquake of August 15, 2007, EERI Special Earthquake Report, Newsletter. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, California.
27. w 6.3 L'Aquila earthquake sequence of April 2009 (central Italy), Terra Nova 22, 43-51.
28. Fairhead, J. D., and M. Chaker Raddadi (2007). The role of gravity and aeromagnetic data in mapping mega Gondwana crustal lineaments: the Argentina-Brazil-Algeria (ABA) Lineament, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, expanded abstract, San Antonio, September 2007.
29. Fidani, C. (2010). The earthquake lights (EQL) of the April 6, 2009 Aquila earthquake, in Central Italy, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 10, 967-978.
30. Fodor, L., G. Bada, G. Csillag, E. Horváth, Z. Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger, K. Palotás, F. Síkhegyi, G. Timár, S. Cloetingh, and F. Horváth (2005). An outline of neotectonic structures and morphotectonics of the western and central Pannonian Basin, Tectonophysics 410, 15-41.
31. Freund, F. T. (2002). Charge generation and propagation in rocks, J. Geodynam. 33, 545-572.
32. Freund, F. T. (2003a). Rocks that crackle and sparkle and glow-Strange pre-earthquake phenomena, J. Scient. Explor. 17, 37-71.
33. Freund, F. T. (2003b). On the electrical conductivity structure of the stable continental crust, J. Geodynam. 35, 353-388.
34. Freund, F. T. (2007). Pre-earthquake signals-Part II: Flow of battery currents in the crust, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 7, 543-548.
35. Freund, F. T. (2010). Toward a unified solid state theory for preearthquake signals, Acta Geophysica 58, no. 5, 719-766.
36. Freund, F., E.-J. Wang, and J. Lee (1994). Highly mobile hole charge carriers in minerals: Key to the enigmatic electrical earthquake phenomena? in Electromagnetic Phenomena Related to Earthquake Prediction, M. Hayakawa and Y. Fujinawa (Editors), Terra Scientific Publishing Company, Tokyo, Proceedings of International Workshop, September 1993, The University of Electro- Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan, 271-292.
37. Freund, F. T., A. Takeuchi, and B. W. S. Lau (2006). Electric currents streaming out of stressed igneous rocks-A step towards understanding pre-earthquake low frequency EM emissions, Phys. Chem. Earth Parts ABC 31, 389-396.
38. Freund, F. T., and D. Sornette (2007). Electro-magnetic earthquake bursts and critical rupture of peroxy bond networks in rocks, Tectonophysics 431, 33-47.
39. Freund, F. T., A. Takeuchi, B. W. S. Lau, A. Al-Manaseer, C. C. Fu, N. A. Bryant, and D. Ouzounov (2007). Stimulated infrared emission from rocks: Assessing a stress indicator, Earth 2, 7-16.
40. Freund, F. T., I. G. Kulahci, G. Cyr, J. Ling, M. Winnick, J. Tregloan-Reed, and M. M. Freund (2009). Air ionization at rock surfaces and pre-earthquake signals, J. Atmos. Solar-Terrestrial Physics 71, 1824-1834.
41. Freund, F. T., and S. Pilorz (2012). Electric currents in the Earth crust and the generation of pre-earthquake ULF signals, in Frontier of Earthquake Prediction Studies, Masashi Hayakawa (Editor), Nippon Senmon Tosho Shuppan Co., 464-508.
42. Fuller, M. L. (1912). The New Madrid earthquake, U. S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 494, 119 pp.
43. Galli, I. (1910). Raccolta e classificazione di fenomeni luminosi osservati nei terremoti, Boll. della Soc. Sismol. Ital. XIV, 221-448.
44. Gangopadhyay, A., and P. Talwani (2003). Symptomatic features of intraplate earthquakes, Seismol. Res. Lett. 74, no. 6, 863-883.
45. Geotimes (1977). Earthquake lights, Geotimes 22, no. 12, 31-32.
46. Gharibi, M., L. R. Bentley, and R. R. Stewart (2003). Seismoelectric monitoring of producing oilfields: A review, Research Report for the Consortium for Research in Elastic Wave Exploration Seismology (CREWES), 15, 13.
47. Gittins, J., R. H. Hewins, and A. F. Laurin (1975). Kimberlitic- carbonatitic dikes of the Saguenay River Valley, Quebec, Canada, Phys. Chem. Earth 9, 137-148.
48. Globensky, Y. (1987). Géologie des Basses-Terres du Saint-Laurent, Ministère de l'Énergie et des Ressources, Québec, MM 85-02, 63 pp.
49. Gold, T., and S. Soter (1984). Fluid ascent through the solid lithosphere and its relation to earthquakes, Pure Appl. Geophys. 122, 492-530.
50. Gouin, P. (2001). Historical Earthquakes Felt in Quebec, from 1534 to March 1925, as Revealed by the Local Contemporary Litterature, Guérin éditeur ltée, Montréal, Québec, 1491 pp.
51. Haeussler, P. J., and G. Plafker (1995). Earthquakes in Alaska, U.S. Geol. Surv. Open File Rept. 95-624, 1 sheet.
52. Hébert, C., and O. van Breeman (2004). Mesoproterozoic basement of the Lac St. Jean Anorthosite Suite and younger Grenvillian intrusions in the Saguenay region, Québec: Structural relationships and U-Pb geochronology, GSA Memoirs 197, 65-79.
53. Hébert, C., A.-M. Cadieux, and O. van Breeman (2005). Temporal evolution and nature of Ti-Fe-P mineralization in the anorthosite-mangerite- charnockite-granite (AMCG) suites of the south-central Grenville Province, Saguenay-Lac St. Jean area, Quebec, Canada, Can. J. Earth Sci. 42, 1865-1880.
54. Hedervari, P., and Z. Noszticzius (1985). Recent results concerning earthquake lights, Ann. Geophys. 3, 705-708.
55. Heraud, J. A., and J. A. Lira (2011). Co-seismic luminescence in Lima, 150 km from the epicenter of the Pisco, Peru earthquake of 15 August 2007, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 11, 1025-1036.
56. Hildenbrand, T. G., and J. D. Hendricks (1995). Geophysical setting of the Reelfoot Rift and relations between rift structures and the New Madrid seismic zone, U.S. Geol. Surv. Profess. Pap. 1538-E, 1-30.
57. Hough, E. S. (2000). A volcano in North Carolina? A closer look at a tall tale, Seismol. Res. Lett. 71, 704-710.
58. Huang, L., and H. Deng (1979). Earthquake Light, Earthquake Press, Beijing, 140 pp.
59. Ickert, R. B. (2006). Adakitic volcanism in southern BC during the Early Eocene: Isotopic and geochemical constraints from the Princeton Group, M. Sc. Thesis, Simon Fraser University, 105 pp.
60. IPGP (2012). Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris. Le séisme de la Guadeloupe, From website http://www.ipgp.fr/pages/040102.php? version=print (last accessed August 2013).
61. Jain, S. K., W. R. Lettis, C. V. R. Murty, and J.-P. Bardet (2002). 2001 Bhuj, India earthquake of January 26, 2001-Reconnaissance Report 2002-01, Earthq. Spectra, supplement A to Volume 18, 1-26.
62. James, K. H. (2007). The Caribbean Ocean Plateau-An overview, and a different understanding, From website http://www.mantleplumes.org (last accessed August 2013).
63. Johnston, A. C., and E. S. Schweig (1996). The enigma of the New Madrid earthquakes of 1811-1812, Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 24, 339-384.
64. Kamogawa, M., H. Ofuruton, and Y.-H. Ohtsuki (2005). Earthquake light: 1995 Kobe earthquake in Japan, Atmos. Res. 76, 438-444.
65. Keller, J. (1985). Tertiary alkaline volcanism of SW Germany: Rhine graben, Kaiserstuhl, Hegau, Urach, in Alkaline Igneous Rocks: A Review Symposium, J. G. Fitton and B. G. J. Upton (Editors), J. Geol. Soc., Conference Report 142, 703 pp.
66. King, C.-Y. (1983). Electromagnetic emissions before earthquakes, Nature 301, 377.
67. Knoche, W. (1912). Curious lightning in the Andes, Sci. Am. 106, 464.
68. Landing, E., L. Amati, and D. A. Franzi (2009). Epeirogenic transgression near a triple junction: The oldest (latest early-middle Canbriam) marine onlap of cratonic New York and Quebec, Geol. Mag. 146, no. 4, 552-566.
69. Liu, M., S. Stein, and H. Wang (2011). 2000 years of migrating earthquakes in North China: How earthquakes in midcontinents differ from those at plate boundaries, Lithosphere 3, no. 2, 128-132.
70. Macmurdo, Capt. James (1821). Account of the Earthquake which occurred in India in June 1819, The Edinburgh Philos. J. 4, 106-109.
71. Mallet, R. (1851). Report of the 20th meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Edinburgh, 1850, First report on the facts of earthquake phenomena, London, John Murray, 1-88.
72. Mallet, R. (1852). Report of the 21st meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Ipswitch, 1851, Second report on the facts of earthquake phenomena, London, John Murray, 272-320.
73. Mallet, R. (1853). Report of the 22nd meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Belfast, September 1852, Third report on the facts of earthquake phenomena, London, John Murray, 1-176.
74. Mallet, R. (1854). Report of the 23rd meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Hull, September 1853, Third report on the facts of earthquake phenomena, Catalogue of recorded earthquakes from 1606 B.C. to A.D. 1850 (continued), London, John Murray, 117-212.
75. Mallet, R. (1855). Report of the 24th meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Liverpool, September 1854, Third report on the facts of earthquake phenomena, Catalogue of recorded earthquakes from 1606 B.C. to A.D. 1850 (continued from report for 1853), London, John Murray, 2-326.
76. Markson, R., and R. Nelson (1970). Mountain-peak potentialgradient measurements and the Andes glow, Weather 25, no. 8, 350-360.
77. Melnick, D., B. Bookhagen, M. R. Strecker, and H. P. Echtler (2009). Segmentation of megathrust rupture zones from fore-arc deformation patterns over hundreds to millions of years, Arauco peninsula, Chile, J. Geophys. Res. 114, B01407, 23 pp.
78. Miall, A. D., O. Catuneanu, B. Vakarelov, and R. Post (2008). The Western Interior Basin, in The Sedimentary Basins of the United States and Canada, Andrew D. Miall (Editor), Sedimentary Basins of the World, Vol. 5, K. J. Hsü (Series Editor), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 329-362.
79. Montandon, F. (1948). Lueurs et malaises d'origine séismique, Geograph. Helv. 3, no. 2, 157-178.
80. Musya, K. (1932). Investigations into the luminous phenomena accompanying earthquakes, Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., Tokyo Imperial University, 10, 666-673.
81. North, R. G., R. J. Wetmiller, J. Adams, F. M. Anglin, H. S. Hasegawa, M. Lamontagne, R. Du Berger, L. Seeber, and J. Armbruster (1989). Preliminary results from the November 1988, Saguenay, (Quebec) earthquake, Seismol. Res. Lett. 60, no. 3, 89-93.
82. NRCAN (as of 2013). Natural Resources Canada, section Earthquakes Canada, From website http://earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca (last accessed August 2013).
83. Ocola, L., and U. M. E. Torres (2007). Testimonios y fenomenologia de la luminiscencia cosismica del terremoto de Pisco del 15 de Agosto 2007. Dirección de Sismologia-CNDG/Instituto Geofisico del Perú, 56 pp.
84. Okubo, A., T. Nakatsuka, Y. Tanaka, T. Kagiyama, and M. Utsugi (2006). Aeromagnetic constraints on the subsurface structure of the Unzen Graben, Kyushu, Japan, Earth Planet. Space 58, no. 1, 23-31.
85. Ouellet, M. (1990). Earthquake lights and seismicity, Nature 348, 492.
86. Pace, B., L. Peruzza, G. Lavecchia, and P. Boncio (2006). Layered seismogenic source model and probabilistic seismic-hazard analyses in Central Italy, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 96, no. 1, 107-132.
87. Pálfy, J., and C. J. R. Hart (1995). Biostratigraphy of the Lower to Middle Jurassic Laberge Group, Whitehorse map area (105D), southern Yukon. Yukon Exploration and Geology 1994, Exploration and Geological Services Division, Yukon, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, 73-86.
88. Papadopoulos, G. A. (1999). Luminous and fiery phenomena associated with earthquakes in the East Mediterranean, in Atmospheric and Ionospheric Electromagnetic Phenomena Associated with Earthquakes, M. Hayakawa (Editor), 559-575.
89. Peacock, D. C. P. (2004). The post-Variscan development of the British Isles within a regional transfer zone influenced by orogenesis, J. Struct. Geol. 26, 2225-2231.
90. Perron, B. (1990). Étude structurale des dykes de lamprophyres et de carbonatites associés au complexe alcalin de Saint-Honoré, Projet de fin d'études, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi.
91. Persinger, M. A. (1983). The tectonic strain theory of luminosities, Pursuit 16, no. 1, 21-35.
92. Persinger, M. A., and J. S. Derr (1984). Geophysical variables and human behavior: XIX. Strong temporal relationships between inclusive seismic measures and UFO reports within Washington state, Percept. Mot. Skills 59, 551-556.
93. Peulvast, J. P., V. C. Sales, F. H. R. Bezerra, and F. Betard (2006). Landforms and neotectonics in the equatorial passive margin of Brasil, Geodin. Acta 19, 51-71.
94. Pondrelli, S., S. Salimbeni, A. Morelli, G. Ekstrom, M. Olivieri, and E. Boshi (2010). Seismic moment tensors of the April 2009, L'Aquila (Central Italy), earthquake sequence, Geophys. J. Int. 180, 238-242.
95. Ramos, V. A., T. Zapata, E. Cristallini, and A. Introcaso (2004). The Andean thrust system-Latitudinal variations in structural styles and orogenic shortening, in Thrust Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Systems, Kenneth R. McClay (Editor), AAPG Memoir Vol. 82, 30-50.
96. Replumaz, A., and P. Tapponnier (2003). Reconstruction of the deformed collision zone between India and Asia by backward motion of lithospheric blocks, J. Geophys. Res. 108, no. B6, 2285, doi: 10.1029/2001JB000661.
97. Roberts, G. P., and A. M. Michetti (2004). Spatial and temporal variations in growth rates along active normal fault systems: an example from the Lazio-Abruzzo Apennines, central Italy, J. Struct. Geol. 26, 339-376.
98. Robson, G. (1955). Mountain-top discharges at Madeira, Mar. Obs. 25, 95-96.
99. Rollet, N., J. Déverchère, M.-O. Beslier, P. Guennoc, J.-P. Réhault, M. Sosson, and C. Truffert (2002). Back arc extension, tectonic inheritance, and volcanism in the Ligurian Sea, Western Mediterranean, Tectonics 21, no. 3, 23 pp.
100. Roy, D. W., L. Schmitt, G. Woussen, and R. Du Berger (1993). Lineaments from airborne SAR images and the 1988 Saguenay earthquake, Québec, Canada, Photogramm. Eng. Rem. Sens. 59, 1299-1305.
101. Schissel, D., and R. Smail (2001). Deep-mantle plumes and ore deposits, in Mantle Plumes: Their Identification through Time, Richard E. Ernst and Kenneth L. Buchan (Editors), Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 352, 291-322.
102. Sieberg, A., and R. Lais (1925). Das mitteleuropäische erdbeben vom 16 November 1911, Bearbeitung der makroseismischen Beobachtungen, Veröffentlichungen der Reichsanstat für erdbebenforschung in Jena, Heft 4, 8 pp.
103. SIGEOM (as of 2013). Système d'information géominiè re. Quebec Ministry of Natural Resources, From website http://sigeom.mrnf.gouv. qc.ca (last accessed August 2013).
104. Sissingh, W. (2006). Syn-kinematic palaeogeographic evolution of the West European Platform: Correlation with Alpine plate collision and foreland deformation, in Tertiary Evolution of the West European Platform: Syn-kinematic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography, W. J. E. van de Graaff (Editor), Netherlands J. Geosci., Vol. 85, 131-180.
105. w 8.0 Pisco, Peru earthquake: Implications for seismogenic behavior of subduction megathrusts, J. Geophys. Res. 115, B02405, 27 pp.
106. Smith, A. D. (2007). A plate model for Jurassic to Recent intraplate volcanism in the Pacific Ocean basin, in Plates, Plumes and Planetary Processes, Gillian R. Foulger and Donna M. Jurdy (Editors), Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 430, 471-495.
107. Socquet, A., and M. Pubellier (2005). Cenozoic deformation in western Yunnan (China-Myanmar border), J. Asian Earth Sci. 24, no. 4, 495-515.
108. Somerville, P. (1995). Kobe earthquake: An urban disaster, Eos 76, no. 6, 49-51.
109. St-Laurent, F. (1991). Effet couronne et décharges electro-atmosphériques: Manifestation lumineuse possible lors de tremblement de terre, J. Meteorol. 16, 238-241.
110. St-Laurent, F. (2000). The Saguenay, Québec, earthquake lights of November 1988-January 1989, Seismol. Res. Lett. 71, 160-174.
111. St-Laurent, F., J. Derr, and F. Freund (2006). Earthquake lights and the stress-activation of positive hole charge carriers in rocks, Phys. Chem. Earth 31, no. 4-9, 305-312.
112. Szatmari, P. (1983). Amazon rift and Pisco-Jurua fault: Their relation to the separation of North America from Gondwana, Geology 11, 300-304.
113. Takeuchi, A., Y. Futada, K. Okuba, and N. Takeuchi (2010). Positive electrification on the floor of an underground mine gallery at the arrival of seismic waves and similar electrification on the surface of partially stressed rocks in laboratory, Terra Nova 22, 203-207.
114. Taramelli, T., and G. Mercalli (1888). Il terremoto ligure del 23 febbraio 1887 : Memoria dei professori T. Taramelli e G. Mercalli, Annali dell'ufficio centrale di meteorologia geodinamica Italiana 8, no. 4, Roma.
115. Terada, T. (1931). On luminous phenomena accompanying earthquakes, Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., Tokyo Imperial University, 9, 225-255.
116. Terrier, M., and S. Bes-de-Berc (2007). Réalisation d'un zonage sismique de la plaque caraïbe préalable aux choix de scénarios de tsunamis aux Antilles françaises, Rapport BRGM-RP-55376-FR, 77 pp.
117. Thériault, R. (2007). Trenton/Black River hydrothermal dolomite reservoirs in Quebec: The emergence of a new and highly promising play along the St. Lawrence platform. AAPG Eastern Section Annual Meeting, Program with Abstracts, Lexington, Kentucky, Presentation available at http://sigpeg.mrnf. gouv.qc.ca/gpg/images/collectionInterne/presentation-orale/aapg-septembre-2007. pdf (last accessed August 2013).
118. Thériault, R., J.-Y. Laliberté, D. Brisebois, and M. Rheault (2005). Fingerprinting of the Ottawa-Bonnechère and Saguenay grabens under the St. Lawrence Lowlands and Québec Appalachians: Prime targets for hydrocarbon exploration, GAC-MAC Annual Meeting, Program with Abstracts, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Presentation available at http://sigpeg.mrnf. gouv.qc.ca/gpg/images/collectionInterne/presentation-orale/14-PresentationACG- AMC2005.pdf (last accessed August 2013).
119. Thomas, W. A. (1991). The Appalachian-Ouachita rifted margin of southeastern North America, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 103, 415-431.
120. Thomas, W. A. (2006). Tectonic inheritance at a continental margin, GSA Today 16, no. 2, 4-11.
121. Tributsch, H. (1978). Do aerosol anomalies precede earthquakes? Nature 276, 606-608.
122. Tributsch, H. (1982). When the Snakes Awake: Animals and Earthquake Prediction, Cambridge Press, 248 pp.
123. Tsukuda, T. (1997). Sizes and some features of luminous sources associated with the 1995Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake, J. Phys. Earth 45, 73-82.
124. Tsuneishi, Y. (1978). Geological and experimental studies on mechanism of block faulting, Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst. 53, no. 1, 173-242.
125. USGS (as of 2013). U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Hazards Program, From website http://earthquake.usgs.gov (last accessed August 2013).
126. Vezzani, L., and F. Ghisetti (1998). Carta Geologica dell'Abruzzo, scale 1: 100,000, S.EL.CA., Florence, Italy.
127. von Schmidt, A., and K. Mack (1912). Das Süddeutsches erdbeben vom 16 November, 1911, Abschnitt VII: Lichterscheinungen, Württembergische Jahrbücher fur Statistik und Landskunde, Jahrg. 1912, part 1, 131-139.
128. Vrabec, M., and L. Fodor (2006). Late Cenozoic tectonics of Slovenia: Structural styles at the North-Eastern corner of the Adriatic microplate, in The Adria Microplate: GPS Geodesy, Tectonics, and Hazards, NATO Science Series IV, N. Pinter, J. Grenerczy, J. Weber, D. Medak, and S. Stein (Editors), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 61, 151-168.
129. Wallace, R. E., and T.-L. Teng (1980). Prediction of the Sungpan-Pingwu earthquakes, August 1976, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 70, 1199-1223.
130. Wetmiller, R. J., A. E. Stevens, and R. B. Horner (1981). Canadian earthquakes-1979, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Seismological Series Number 85, 20-22.
131. Wilson, M., and H. Downes (2006). Tertiary-Quaternary intra-plate magmatism in Europe and its relationship to mantle dynamics, in European Lithosphere Dynamics, D. Gee and R. Stephenson (Editors), Geological Society of London Memoirs Vol. 32, 147-166.
132. Yasui, Y. (1971). A study on the luminous phenomena accompanied with earthquake (Part II), Memoirs of the Kakioka Magnetic Observatory 14, 67-68.
133. Yasui, Y. (1973). A summary of studies on luminous phenomena accompanied with earthquakes, Memoirs of the Kakioka Magnetic Observatory 15, no. 2, 127-135.
134. Yuan, X., Z. Asch, K. Bataille, G. Bock, M. Bohm, H. Echtler, R. Kind, O. Oncken, and I. Wölbern (2006). Deep seismic images of the Southern Andes, in Evolution of an Andean Margin: A Tectonic and Magmatic View from the Andes to the Neuquén Basin (35o-39oS lat), Suzanne M. Kay and Victor A. Ramos (Editors), Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., Vol. 407, 61-72.