How do the regions of the visual field contribute to object search in real-world scenes? Evidence from eye movements

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance

Volumn 40, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 342-360

  Nuthmann, Antje ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b BIELEFELD UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Eye movements; Foveal vision; Moving windows; Scotomas; Visual search

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; DEPTH PERCEPTION; EQUIPMENT; EYE MOVEMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; OCULOGRAPHY; PHYSIOLOGY; RETINA FOVEA; VISION; VISUAL FIELD; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; EYE MOVEMENT MEASUREMENTS; EYE MOVEMENTS; FEMALE; FOVEA CENTRALIS; HUMANS; MALE; SPACE PERCEPTION; VISION, OCULAR; VISUAL FIELDS; VISUAL PERCEPTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84893114046     PISSN: 00961523     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0033854     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Aguilar, C., & Castet, E. (2011). Gaze-contingent simulation of retinopathy: Some potential pitfalls and remedies. Vision Research, 51, 997-1012. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.02.010
2. Bertera, J. H., & Rayner, K. (2000). Eye movements and the span of the effective stimulus in visual search. Perception & Psychophysics, 62, 576-585. doi:10.3758/BF03212109
3. Brainard, D. H. (1997). The Psychophysics Toolbox. Spatial Vision, 10, 433-436. doi:10.1163/156856897X00357
4. Brockmole, J. R., & Henderson, J. M. (2006). Recognition and attention guidance during contextual cueing in real-world scenes: Evidence from eye movements. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 1177-1187. doi:10.1080/17470210600665996
5. Caldara, R., Zhou, X. Y., & Miellet, S. (2010). Putting culture under the 'Spotlight' reveals universal information use for face recognition. PLoS ONE, 5, e9708. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009708
6. Castelhano, M. S., Pollatsek, A., & Cave, K. R. (2008). Typicality aids search for an unspecified target, but only in identification and not in attentional guidance. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15, 795-801. doi:10.3758/PBR.15.4.795
7. Cornelissen, F. W., Bruin, K. J., & Kooijman, A. C. (2005). The influence of artificial scotomas on eye movements during visual search. Optometry and Vision Science, 82, 27-35.
8. Cornelissen, F. W., Peters, E. M., & Palmer, J. (2002). The Eyelink Toolbox: Eye tracking with MATLAB and the Psychophysics Toolbox. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 34, 613-617. doi:10.3758/BF03195489
9. Duchowski, A. T. (2007). Eye tracking methodology: Theory and practice (2nd ed.). London, UK: Springer.
10. Duchowski, A. T., & Çöltekin, A. (2007). Foveated gaze-contingent displays for peripheral LOD management, 3D visualization, and stereo imaging. ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications, 3, 1-18. doi:10.1145/1314303.1314309
11. Eckstein, M. P. (2011). Visual search: A retrospective. Journal of Vision, 11, 1-36. doi:10.1167/11.5.14
12. Ehinger, K. A., Hidalgo-Sotelo, B., Torralba, A., & Oliva, A. (2009). Modelling search for people in 900 scenes: A combined source model of eye guidance. Visual Cognition, 17, 945-978. doi:10.1080/ 13506280902834720
13. Eilers, P. H. C., & Goeman, J. J. (2004). Enhancing scatterplots with smoothed densities. Bioinformatics, 20, 623- 628. doi:10.1093/ bioinformatics/btg454
14. Findlay, J. M., & Gilchrist, I. D. (1998). Eye guidance and visual search. In G. Underwood (Ed.), Eye guidance in reading and scene perception (pp. 295-312). Oxford, UK: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-008043361-5/ 50014-6
15. Findlay, J. M., & Gilchrist, I. D. (2003). Active vision: The psychology of looking and seeing. Oxford, UK: University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof: oso/9780198524793.001.0001
16. Findlay, J. M., & Gilchrist, I. D. (2005). Eye guidance and visual search. In G. Underwood (Ed.), Cognitive processes in eye guidance (pp. 259 -281). Oxford, UK: University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/ 9780198566816.003.0011
17. Foulsham, T., & Kingstone, A. (2012). Modelling the influence of central and peripheral information on saccade biases in gaze-contingent scene viewing. Visual Cognition, 20, 546-579. doi:10.1080/13506285.2012 .680934
18. Foulsham, T., & Kingstone, A. (2013). Optimal and preferred eye landing positions in objects and scenes. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1-22. doi:10.1080/17470218.2012.762798
19. Foulsham, T., Kingstone, A., & Underwood, G. (2008). Turning the world around: Patterns in saccade direction vary with picture orientation. Vision Research, 48, 1777-1790. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2008.05.018
20. Foulsham, T., Teszka, R., & Kingstone, A. (2011). Saccade control in natural images is shaped by the information visible at fixation: Evidence from asymmetric gaze-contingent windows. Attention Perception, & Psychophysics, 73, 266-283. doi:10.3758/s13414-010-0014-5
21. Geisler, W. S., Perry, J. S., & Najemnik, J. (2006). Visual search: The role of peripheral information measured using gaze-contingent displays. Journal of Vision, 6, 858-873. doi:10.1167/6.9.1
22. Glaholt, M. G., Rayner, K., & Reingold, E. M. (2012). The mask-onset delay paradigm and the availability of central and peripheral visual information during scene viewing. Journal of Vision, 12, 1-19. doi: 10.1167/12.1.9
23. Greene, H. H., Pollatsek, A., Masserang, K., Lee, Y. J., & Rayner, K. (2010). Directional processing within the perceptual span during visual target localization. Vision Research, 50, 1274-1282. doi:10.1016/j .visres.2010.04.012
24. Henderson, J. M., McClure, K. K., Pierce, S., & Schrock, G. (1997). Object identification without foveal vision: Evidence from an artificial scotoma paradigm. Perception & Psychophysics, 59, 323-346. doi:10.3758/ BF03211901
25. Hwang, A. D., Higgins, E. C., & Pomplun, M. (2009). A model of top-down attentional control during visual search in complex scenes. Journal of Vision, 9, 1-18. doi:10.1167/9.5.25
26. Inhoff, A. W., & Radach, R. (1998). Definition and computation of oculomotor measures in the study of cognitive processes. In G. Underwood (Ed.), Eye guidance in reading and scene perception (pp. 29-53). Oxford, UK: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-008043361-5/50003-1
27. Itti, L., & Koch, C. (2000). A saliency-based search mechanism for overt and covert shifts of visual attention. Vision Research, 40, 1489-1506. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(99)00163-7
28. Kanan, C., Tong, M. H., Zhang, L., & Cottrell, G. W. (2009). SUN: Top-down saliency using natural statistics. Visual Cognition, 17, 979- 1003. doi:10.1080/13506280902771138
29. Kleiner, M., Brainard, D., & Pelli, D. (2007). What's new in Psychtoolbox-3? Perception, 36, 14.
30. Larson, A. M., & Loschky, L. C. (2009). The contributions of central versus peripheral vision to scene gist recognition. Journal of Vision, 9, 1-16. doi:10.1167/9.10.6
31. Loschky, L. C., & McConkie, G. W. (2002). Investigating spatial vision and dynamic attentional selection using a gaze-contingent multiresolutional display. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 8, 99-117. doi:10.1037/1076-898X.8.2.99
32. Loschky, L. C., McConkie, G. W., Yang, H., & Miller, M. E. (2005). The limits of visual resolution in natural scene viewing. Visual Cognition, 12, 1057-1092. doi:10.1080/13506280444000652
33. Loschky, L. C., McConkie, G. W., Yang, J., & Miller, M. E. (2002). The effects of eccentricity-dependent image filtering on saccade targeting in natural images. Journal of Vision, 2, 170. doi:10.1167/2.7.170
34. Malcolm, G. L., & Henderson, J. M. (2009). The effects of target template specificity on visual search in real-world scenes: Evidence from eye movements. Journal of Vision, 9, 1-13. doi:10.1167/9.11.8
35. Malcolm, G. L., & Henderson, J. M. (2010). Combining top-down processes to guide eye movements during real-world scene search. Journal of Vision, 10, 1-11. doi:410.1167/10.2.4
36. McConkie, G. W., & Rayner, K. (1975). The span of the effective stimulus during a fixation in reading. Perception & Psychophysics, 17, 578-586. doi:10.3758/BF03203972
37. Miellet, S., Zhou, X. Y., He, L. N., Rodger, H., & Caldara, R. (2010). Investigating cultural diversity for extrafoveal information use in visual scenes. Journal of Vision, 10, 1-18. doi:10.1167/10.6.21
38. Najemnik, J., & Geisler, W. S. (2005). Optimal eye movement strategies in visual search. Nature, 434, 387-391. doi:10.1038/nature03390
39. Navalpakkam, V., & Itti, L. (2005). Modeling the influence of task on attention. Vision Research, 45, 205-231. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2004.07 .042
40. Nuthmann, A. (2012). On the visual span during object search in realworld scenes. Manuscript submitted for publication.
41. Nuthmann, A., & Henderson, J. M. (2010). Object-based attentional selection in scene viewing. Journal of Vision, 10, 1-19. doi:10.1167/10.8.20
42. Nuthmann, A., Smith, T. J., Engbert, R., & Henderson, J. M. (2010). CRISP: A computational model of fixation durations in scene viewing. Psychological Review, 117, 382-405. doi:10.1037/a0018924
43. Pajak, M., & Nuthmann, A. (2013). Object-based saccadic selection during scene perception: Evidence from viewing position effects. Journal of Vision, 13, 1-21. doi:10.1167/13.5.2
44. Parkhurst, D., Culurciello, E., & Niebur, E. (2000). Evaluating variable resolution displays with visual search: Task performance and eye movements. In A. T. Duchowski (Ed.), Proceedings of the eye tracking research & applications symposium 2000 (pp. 105-109). New York: Association of Computing Machinery.
45. Pomplun, M. (2006). Saccadic selectivity in complex visual search displays. Vision Research, 46, 1886-1900. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2005.12 .003
46. Rao, R. P. N., Zelinsky, G. J., Hayhoe, M. M., & Ballard, D. H. (2002). Eye movements in iconic visual search. Vision Research, 42, 1447-1463. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(02)00040-8
47. Rayner, K. (1998). Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 372-422. doi:10.1037/ 0033-2909.124.3.372
48. Rayner, K. (2009). Eye movements and attention in reading, scene perception, and visual search. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, 1457-1506. doi:10.1080/17470210902816461
49. Rayner, K., & Bertera, J. H. (1979). Reading without a fovea. Science, 206, 468-469. doi:10.1126/science.504987
50. Reingold, E. M., & Loschky, L. C. (2002). Saliency of peripheral targets in gaze-contingent multiresolutional displays. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments & Computers, 34, 491-499. doi:10.3758/BF03195478
51. Reingold, E. M., Loschky, L. C., McConkie, G. W., & Stampe, D. M. (2003). Gaze-contingent multiresolutional displays: An integrative review. Human Factors, 45, 307-328. doi:10.1518/hfes.45.2.307.27235
52. Saida, S., & Ikeda, M. (1979). Useful visual field size for pattern perception. Perception & Psychophysics, 25, 119 -125. doi:10.3758/ BF03198797
53. Schmidt, J., & Zelinsky, G. J. (2011). Visual search guidance is best after a short delay. Vision Research, 51, 535-545. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011 .01.013
54. Scialfa, C. T., & Joffe, K. M. (1998). Response times and eye movements in feature and conjunction search as a function of target eccentricity. Perception & Psychophysics, 60, 1067-1082. doi:10.3758/BF03211940
55. Shioiri, S., & Ikeda, M. (1989). Useful resolution for picture perception as a function of eccentricity. Perception, 18, 347-361. doi:10.1068/ p180347
56. Strasburger, H., Rentschler, I., & Jüttner, M. (2011). Peripheral vision and pattern recognition: A review. Journal of Vision, 11, 1-82. doi:10.1167/ 11.5.13
57. Torralba, A., Oliva, A., Castelhano, M. S., & Henderson, J. M. (2006). Contextual guidance of eye movements and attention in real-world scenes: The role of global features in object search. Psychological Review, 113, 766-786. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.113.4.766
58. van Diepen, P. M. J., Wampers, M., & d'Ydewalle, G. (1998). Functional division of the visual field: Moving masks and moving windows. In G. Underwood (Ed.), Eye guidance in reading and scene perception (pp. 337-355). Oxford, UK: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-008043361-5/ 50016-X
59. Wilson, H. R., Levi, D., Maffei, L., Rovamo, J., & DeValois, R. (1990). The perception of form: Retina to striate cortex. In L. Spillmann & J. S. Werner (Eds.), Visual perception: The neurophysiological foundations (pp. 231-272). San Diego, CA: Academic Press, Inc.
60. Wolfe, J. M. (1998). Visual search. In H. Pashler (Ed.), Attention (pp. 13-74). Hove, UK: Psychology Press Ltd.
61. Wolfe, J. M., Võ, M. L. H., Evans, K. K., & Greene, M. R. (2011). Visual search in scenes involves selective and nonselective pathways. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15, 77-84. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.12.001
62. Zelinsky, G. J. (2008). A theory of eye movements during target acquisition. Psychological Review, 115, 787-835. doi:10.1037/a0013118
63. Zelinsky, G. J. (2012). TAM: Explaining off-object fixations and central fixation tendencies as effects of population averaging during search. Visual Cognition, 20, 515-545. doi:10.1080/13506285.2012.666577