Effects of biomass types and carbonization conditions on the chemical characteristics of hydrochars

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Volumn 61, Issue 39, 2013, Pages 9401-9411

  Cao, Xiaoyan ^b   Ro, Kyoung S ^c   Libra, Judy A ^d   Kammann, Claudia I ^e   Lima, Isabel ^f   Berge, Nicole ^g   Li, Ang ^g   Li, Yuan ^b   Chen, Na ^b   Yang, John ^h   Deng, Baolin ⁱ   Mao, Jingdong ^a,b  

^a NANJING AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

^d LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND BIOECONOMY ATB   (Germany)

^e JUSTUS LIEBIG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^f SOUTHERN REGIONAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^g University of South Carolina   (United States)

^h LINCOLN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

ⁱ University of Missouri   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomass type; Chemical structure; Hydrochar; Lignin; Process condition

Indexed keywords

AROMATIC CARBON; BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMANDS (BOD); CARBONIZATION CONDITIONS; CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC; HYDROCHAR; HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION; PROCESS CONDITION; PROCESSING CONDITION;

AROMATIC COMPOUNDS; AROMATIZATION; BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND; BIOMASS; CARBOHYDRATES; LIGNIN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; STRUCTURE (COMPOSITION); SUGAR BEETS; THERMOCHEMISTRY;

CARBONIZATION;

CARBOHYDRATE; FERTILIZER; OXYGEN; WATER;

ARTICLE; BARK; BEET; CHEMISTRY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ECONOMICS; FOOD INDUSTRY; FORESTRY; GARDENING; HEAT; INDUSTRIAL WASTE; MANURE; METHODOLOGY; ODOR; PLANT ROOT; SOIL; TIME; WATER VAPOR;

BETA VULGARIS; CARBOHYDRATES; FERTILIZERS; FOOD-PROCESSING INDUSTRY; FORESTRY; GARDENING; HOT TEMPERATURE; INDUSTRIAL WASTE; MANURE; ODORS; OXYGEN; PLANT BARK; PLANT ROOTS; SOIL; STEAM; TIME FACTORS; WATER;

EID: 84892994369     PISSN: 00218561     EISSN: 15205118     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jf402345k     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Glaser, B.; Haumaier, L.; Guggenberger, G.; Zech, W. The 'Terra Preta' phenomenon: a model for sustainable agriculture in the humid tropics. Naturwissenschaften 2001, 88, 37-41. (Pubitemid 32242865)
2. Lehmann, J.; Czimczik, C. I.; Laird, D. A.; Sohi, S., Stability of biochar in soil. In Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology, Lehmann, J., Joseph, S., Eds.; Routledge, Taylor and Francis: Florence, KY, 2009; pp 183-205.
3. Mao, J. D.; Johnson, R. L.; Lehmann, J.; Olk, D. C.; Neves, E. G.; Thompson, M. L.; Schmidt-Rohr, K. Abundant and stable char residues in soils: implications for soil fertility and carbon sequestration. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 9571-9576.
4. Lehmann, J.; Joseph, S. Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology; Routledge, Taylor and Francis: Florence, KY, 2009.
5. Whitman, T.; Lehmann, J. Biochar - one way forward for soil carbon in offset mechanisms in Africa? Environ. Sci. Policy 2009, 12, 1024-1027.
6. Tang, J.; Zhu, W.; Kookana, R.; Katayama, A. Characteristics of biochar and its application in remediation of contaminated soil. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 2013, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.05.035.
7. Funke, A.; Ziegler, F. Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass: a summary and discussion of chemical mechanisms for process engineering. Biofuels, Bioprod. Biorefin. 2010, 4, 160-177.
8. Libra, J. A.; Ro, K. S.; Kammann, C.; Funke, A.; Berge, N. D.; Neubauer, Y.; Titirici, M.-M.; Fühner, C.; Bens, O.; Kern, J.; Emmerich, K.-H. Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: a comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis. Biofuels 2010, 2, 71-106.
9. Schuhmacher, J. P.; Huntjens, F. J.; Vankrevelen, D. W. Chemical structure and properties of coal. 26. Studies on artificial coalification. Fuel 1960, 39, 223-234.
10. Bergius, F. Die Anwendung hoher Drücke bei chemischen Vorgängen und eine Nachbil dung des Entstehungsprozesses der Steinkohle; Wilhelm Knapp: Halle an der Saale, Germany, 1913; pp 41-58.
11. Fuertes, A. B.; Arbestain, M. C.; Sevilla, M.; Macia-Agullo, J. A.; Fiol, S.; Lopez, R.; Smernik, R. J.; Aitkenhead, W. P.; Arce, F.; Macias, F. Chemical and structural properties of carbonaceous products obtained by pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonisation of corn stover. Aust. J. Soil Res. 2010, 48, 618-626.
12. Sugimoto, Y.; Miki, Y. In Chemical Structure of Artificial Coals Obtained from Cellulose, Wood and Peat; Ziegler, A., van Heek, K. H., Klein, J., Wanzl, W., Eds.; Druck und Verlag GmbH: Essen, Germany, 1997; pp 187-190.
13. Kammann, C.; Ratering, S.; Eckhard, C.; Muller, C. Biochar and hydrochar effects on greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane) fluxes from soils. J. Environ. Qual. 2012, 41, 1052-1066.
14. Schimmelpfennig, S.; Glaser, B. One step forward toward characterization: some important material properties to distinguish biochars. J. Environ. Qual. 2012, 41, 1001-1013.
15. Sevilla, M.; Fuertes, A. B. The production of carbon materials by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose. Carbon 2009, 47, 2281-2289.
16. Sevilla, M.; Fuertes, A. B. Chemical and structural properties of carbonaceous products obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of saccharides. Chem.-Eur. J. 2009, 15, 4195-4203.
17. Titirici, M. M.; Antonietti, M. Chemistry and materials options of sustainable carbon materials made by hydrothermal carbonization. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 103-116.
18. Rillig, M. C.; Wagner, M.; Salem, M.; Antunes, P. M.; George, C.; Ramke, H. G.; Titirici, M. M.; Antonietti, M. Material derived from hydrothermal carbonization: effects on plant growth and arbuscular mycorrhiza. Appl. Soil Ecol. 2010, 45, 238-242.
19. Berge, N. D.; Ro, K. S.; Mao, J.; Flora, J. R. V.; Chappell, M. A.; Bae, S. Hydrothermal carbonization of municipal waste streams. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45, 5696-5703.
20. Baccile, N.; Laurent, G.; Babonneau, F.; Fayon, F.; Titirici, M. M.; Antonietti, M. Structural characterization of hydrothermal carbon spheres by advanced solid-state MAS C-13 NMR investigations. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 9644-9654.
21. Falco, C.; Baccile, N.; Titirici, M. M. Morphological and structural differences between glucose, cellulose and lignocellulosic biomass derived hydrothermal carbons. Green Chem. 2011, 13, 3273-3281.
22. 13C solid state NMR. Langmuir 2011, 27, 14460-14471.
23. Cao, X. Y.; Ro, K. S.; Chappell, M.; Li, Y. A.; Mao, J. D. Chemical structures of swine-manure chars produced under different carbonization conditions investigated by advanced solid-state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Energy Fuels 2011, 25, 388-397.
24. Dinjus, E.; Kruse, A.; Troger, N. Hydrothermal carbonization - 1. Influence of lignin in lignocelluloses. Chem. Eng. Technol. 2011, 34, 2037-2043.
25. Titirici, M. M.; Thomas, A.; Yu, S. H.; Muller, J. O.; Antonietti, M. A direct synthesis of mesoporous carbons with bicontinuous pore morphology from crude plant material by hydrothermal carbonization. Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 4205-4212. (Pubitemid 47340293)
26. Standard Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke by Instrumental Procedures, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2009.
27. Mao, J. D.; Chen, N.; Cao, X. Y. Characterization of humic substances by advanced solid state NMR spectroscopy: demonstration of a systematic approach. Org. Geochem. 2011, 42, 891-902.
28. Dixon, W. T. Spinning-sideband-free and spinning-sideband-only NMR spectra in spinning samples. J. Chem. Phys. 1982, 77, 1800-1809.
29. van Krevelen, D. W. Graphical-statistical method for the study of structure and reaction processes of coal. Fuel 1950, 29, 269-284.
30. Chun, Y.; Sheng, G. Y.; Chiou, C. T.; Xing, B. S. Compositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38, 4649-4655.
31. Chuntanapum, A.; Matsumura, Y. Formation of tarry material from 5-HMF in subcritical and supercritical water. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, 9837-9846.
32. Mao, J. D.; Schmidt-Rohr, K. Recoupled long-range C-H dipolar dephasing in solid-state NMR, and its use for spectral selection of fused aromatic rings. J. Magn. Reson. 2003, 162, 217-227.
33. Hammes, K.; Smernik, R. J.; Skjemstad, J. O.; Herzog, A.; Vogt, U. F.; Schmidt, M. W. I. Synthesis and characterisation of laboratory-charred grass straw (Oryza sativa) and chestnut wood (Castanea sativa) as reference materials for black carbon quantification. Org. Geochem. 2006, 37, 1629-1633. (Pubitemid 44709188)
34. Podgorski, D. C.; Hamdan, R.; McKenna, A. M.; Nyadong, L.; Rodgers, R. P.; Marshall, A. G.; Cooper, W. T. Characterization of pyrogenic black carbon by desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2012, 84, 1281-1287.
35. Peterson, A. A.; Vogel, F.; Lachance, R. P.; Froling, M.; Antal, M. J.; Tester, J. W. Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: a review of sub- and supercritical water technologies. Energy Environ. Sci. 2008, 1, 32-65.
36. Sutton, M. D.; Peterson, J. B. D. Fermentation of sugarbeet pulp for ethanol production using bioengineered Klebsiella oxytoca strain P2. J. Sugar Beet Res. 2001, 38, 19-34. (Pubitemid 33315184)
37. Kraft, R. Zur chemisch-technologischen Verwertung von; Cuvillier Verlag: Göttingen, Germany, 2006.
38. Chen, S.; Wen, Z.; Liao, W.; Liu, C.; Kincaid, R.; Harrison, J.; Elliott, D. C.; Brown, M. D.; Stevens, D. J. Studies into using manure in a biorefinery concept. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 2005, 124, 999-1015. (Pubitemid 40691259)
39. Mao, J. D.; Schmidt-Rohr, K. Accurate quantification of aromaticity and nonprotonated aromatic carbon fraction in natural organic matter by 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38, 2680-2684. (Pubitemid 38579869)