Quantifying the process and abruptness of the end-Permian mass extinction

Paleobiology

Volumn 40, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 113-129

  Wang, Yue ^a   Sadler, Peter M ^b   Shen, Shu Zhong ^a   Erwin, Douglas H ^c   Zhang, Yi Chun ^a   Wang, Xiang Dong ^a   Wang, Wei ^a   Crowley, James L ^d   Henderson, Charles M ^e  

^a NANJING INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND PALAEONTOLOGY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c DEPARTMENT OF PALEOBIOLOGY   (United States)

^d BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATASTROPHIC EVENT; DATA SET; DIVERGENCE; FACIES; GEOCHRONOLOGY; GONDWANA; MASS EXTINCTION; PALEOECOLOGY; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PERMIAN; PHANEROZOIC; PRESERVATION; SPECIES DIVERSITY;

CHINA;

EID: 84892684521     PISSN: 00948373     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1666/13022     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. Algeo, T., Y. A. Shen, T. G. Zhang, T. Lyons, S. Bates, H. Rowe, and T. K. T. Nguyen. 2008. Association of 34S-depleted pyrite layers with negative carbonate d13C excursions at the Permian-Triassic boundary: Evidence for upwelling of sulfidic deep-ocean water masses. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 9:Q04025
2. Algeo, T., C. M. Henderson, B. Ellwood, H. Rowe, E. Elswick, S. Bates, T. Lyons, J. C. Hower, C. Smith, B. Maynard, L. Hays, R. Summons, J. Fulton, and K. Freeman. 2012. Evidence for a diachronous Late Permian marine crisis from the Canadian Arctic region. Geological Society of America Bulletin 124: 1424-1448
3. Alroy, J. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26:707-733
4. Alroy, J. 2003. Global databases will yield reliable measures of global biodiversity. Paleobiology 29:26-29
5. Alroy, J., C. R. Marshall, R. K. Bambach, K. Bezusko, M. Foote, F.T. Fursich, T. A. Hansen, S. M. Holland, L. C. Ivany, D. Jablonski, D. K. Jacobs, D. C. Jones, M. A. Kosnik, S. Lidgard, S. Low, A. I. Miller, P. M. Novack-Gottshall, T. D. Olszewski, M. E. Patzkowsky, D. M. Raup, K. Roy, J. J. Sepkoski, M. G. Sommers, P. J. Wagner, and A. Webber. 2001. Effects of sampling standardization on estimates of Phanerozoic marine diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 98:6261-6266
6. Alroy, J., M. Aberhan, D. J. Bottjer, M. Foote, F. T. Fürsich, P. J. Harries, A. J.W. Hendy, S. M. Holland, L. C. Ivany,W. Kiessling, M. A. Kosnik, C. R. Marshall, A. J. McGowan, A. I. Miller, T. D. Olszewski, M. E. Patzkowsky, S. E. Peters, L. Villier, P. J.Wagner, N. Bonuso, P. S. Borkow, B. Brenneis, M. E. Clapham, L. M. Fall, C. A. Ferguson, V. L. Hanson, A. Z. Krug, K. M. Layou, E. H. Leckey, S. N? urnberg, C. M. Powers, J. A. Sessa, C. Simpson, A. Tomǎsov́ ych, and C. C. Visaggi. 2008. Phanerozoic trends in the global diversity of marine invertebrates. Science 321:97-100
7. Angiolini, L., Checconi, A., Gaetani, M., Rettori, R. 2010. The latest Permian mass extinction in the Alborz Mountains (North Iran). Geological Journal 45:216-229
8. Bambach, R. K. 2006. Phanerozoic biodiversity mass extinctions. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 34:127-155
9. Bambach, R. K., A. H. Knoll, and S. C. Wang. 2004. Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity. Paleobiology 30:522-542
10. Bowring, S. A., D. H. Erwin, Y. G. Jin, M. W. Martin, K. Davidek, and W. Wang. 1998. U/Pb zircon geochronology and tempo of the end-Permian mass extinction. Science 280:1039-1045
11. Bush, A. M., M. J. Markey, and C. R. Marshall. 2004. Removing bias from diversity curves: The effects of spatially organized biodiversity on sampling-standardization. Paleobiology 30:666-686
12. Cao, C. Q., and Q. F. Zheng. 2009. Geological event sequences of the Permian-Triassic transition recorded in the microfacies in Meishan section. Science in China D 52:1529-1536
13. Cao, C. Q., G. D. Love, L. E. Hays, W. Wang, S. Z. Shen, and R. E. Summons. 2009. Biogeochemical evidence for euxinic oceans and ecological disturbance presaging the end-Permian mass extinction event. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 281:188-201
14. Chen, Z. Q., K. Kaiho, and A. D. George. 2005. Survival strategies of brachiopod faunas from the end-Permian mass extinction. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 224:232-269
15. Chen, Z. Q., J. N. Tong, K. X. Zhang, H. Yang, Z. Liao, H. J. Song, and J. Chen. 2009. Environmental and biotic turnover across the Permian-Triassic boundary on a shallow carbonate platform in western Zhejiang, South China. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 56:775-797
16. Clapham, M. E., S. Z. Shen, and D. J. Bottjer. 2009. The double mass extinction revisited: Reassessing the severity, selectivity, and causes of the end-Guadalupian biotic crisis (Late Permian). Paleobiology 35:32-50
17. Crampton, J. S., A. G. Beu, R. A. Cooper, C. M. Jones, B. Marshall, and P. A. Maxwell. 2003. Estimating the rock volume bias in paleobiodiversity studies. Science 301:358-360
18. Erwin, D. H. 1993. The great Paleozoic crisis. Columbia University Press, New York
19. Erwin, D. H. 2006. Extinction: How life on earth nearly ended 250 million years ago. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. Fang, Z. J. 2004. Approach to the extinction pattern of Permian bivalvia of South China. Pp. 571-646 in J. Y. Rong and Z. J. Fang, eds. Mass extinction and recovery - evidence from the Palaeozoic and Triassic of South China. University of Science and Technology of China Press, Hefei
20. Feng, Q. L., W. H. He, S. Z. Gu, Y. Y. Meng, Y. X. Jin, and F. Zhang. 2007. Radiolarian evolution during the latest Permian in South China. Global and Planetary Change 55:177-192
21. Grice, K., C.Q. Cao, G. D. Love, M. E. Bottcher, R. J. Twitchett, E. Grosjean, R. E. Summons, S. C. Turgeon, W. Dunning, and Y. G. Jin. 2005. Photic zone euxinia during the Permian-Triassic superanoxic event. Science 307:706-709
22. Groves, J. R., and A. Lee. 2008. Accelerated rates of foraminiferal origination and extinction during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age. Journal of Foraminiferal Research 38:74-84
23. He, W. H., S. Z. Shen, Q. L. Feng, and S. Z. Gu. 2005. A Late Changhsingian (Late Permian) deepwater brachiopod fauna from the Talung formation at the Dongpan section, southern Guangxi, South China. Journal of Paleontology 79:927-938
24. Holland, S. M., and M. E. Patzkowsky. 2002. Stratigraphic variation in the timing of first and last occurrences. Palaios 17:134-146
25. Hsieh, H. L., and L. A. Li. 1998. Rarefaction diversity: A case study of polychaete communities using an amended FORTRAN program. Zoological Studies 37:13-21
26. Isozaki, Y. 1997. Permo-Triassic boundary superanoxia and stratified superocean: Records from lost deep sea. Science 276:235-238
27. Jin, Y. G. 1993. Pre-Lopingian benthos crisis. Comptes Rendus XII ICC-P 2:269-278
28. Jin, Y. G., J. Zhang, and Q. H. Shang. 1994. Two phases of the end-Permian mass extinction. Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 17:813-822
29. Jin, Y. G., Y. Wang, W. Wang, Q. H. Shang, C. Q. Cao, and D. H. Erwin. 2000. Pattern of marine mass extinction near the Permian-Triassic boundary in South China. Science 289:432-436
30. Jin, Y. G., S. Z. Shen, C. M. Henderson, X. D. Wang, W. Wang, Y. Wang, C. Q. Cao, and Q. H. Shang. 2006a. The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the boundary between the Capitanian and Wuchiapingian Stage (Permian). Episodes 29:253-262
31. Jin, Y. G., Y. Wang, C. M. Henderson, B. R. Wardlaw, S. Z. Shen, and C. Q. Cao. 2006b. The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of Changhsingian Stage (Upper Permian). Episodes 29:175-182
32. Joachimski, M. M., X. L. Lai, S. Z. Shen, H. S. Jiang, G. M. Luo, B. Chen, J. Chen, and Y. D. Sun. 2012. Climate warming in the latest Permian and the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Geology 40:195-198
33. Kaiho, K., Z. Q. Chen, H. Kawahata, Y. Kajiwara, and H. Sato. 2006. Close-up of the end-Permian mass extinction horizon recorded in the Meishan section, South China: Sedimentary, elemental, and biotic characterization and a negative shift of sulfate sulfur isotope ratio. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 239:396-405
34. Kamo, S. L., G. K. Czamanske, Y. Amelin, V. A. Fedorenko, D. W. Davis, and V. R. Trofimov. 2003. Rapid eruption of Siberian flood-volcanic rocks and evidence for coincidence with the Permian-Triassic boundary and mass extinction at 251 Ma. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 214:75-91
35. Kiessling, W. 2006. Towards an unbiased estimate of fluctuations in reef abundance and volume during the Phanerozoic. Biogeosciences 3:15-27
36. Kiessling, W., C. Simpson, and M. Foote. 2010. Reefs as cradles of evolution and sources of biodiversity in the Phanerozoic. Science 327:196-198
37. Knoll, A. H., R. K. Bambach, J. L. Payne, S. Pruss, and W. W. Fischer. 2007. Paleophysiology and end-Permian mass extinction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 256:295-313
38. Korchagin, O. A., 2011. Foraminifers in the global stratotype (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic boundary (Bed 27, Meishan, South China). Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 19:160-172
39. Li, Z. S., L. P. Zhan, J. Y. Dai, R. G. Jin, X. F. Zhu, J. H. Zhang, H. Q. Huang, D. Y. Xu, Z. Yan, and H. M. Li. 1989. Study on the Permian-Triassic biostratigraphy and event stratigraphy of northern Sichuan and southern Shaanxi. Geological Publishing House, Beijing
40. Lu, P. J., M. Yogo, and C. R. Marshall. 2006. Phanerozoic marine biodiversity dynamics in light of the incompleteness of the fossil record. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 103:2736-2739
41. MacLeod, N. 1996. Nature of the Cretaceous-Tertiary planktonic foraminiferal record: Stratigraphic confidence intervals, Signor-Lipps effect, and patterns of survivorship, Cretaceous-Tertiary mass extinctions. Pp. 85-138 in N. MacLeod and G. Keller, eds. The Cretaceous-Tertiary mass extinction: Biotic and environmental effects. Norton, New York
42. Marshall, C. R. 1990. Confidence intervals on stratigraphic ranges. Paleobiology 16:1-10
43. Marshall, C. R. 1994. Confidence intervals on stratigraphic ranges; partial relaxation of the assumption of randomly distributed fossil horizons. Paleobiology 20:459-469
44. Marshall, C. R. 1997. Confidence intervals on stratigraphic ranges with nonrandom distributions of fossil horizons. Paleobiology 23:165-173
45. Marshall, C. R. 2010. Using confidence intervals to quantify the uncertainty in the end-points of stratigraphic ranges. Paleontological Society Papers 16:291-316
46. Marshall, C. R., and P. D. Ward. 1996. Sudden and gradual molluscan extinctions in the latest Cretaceous of western European Tethys. Science 274:1360-1363
47. Miller, A. I., and M. Foote. 2003. Increased longevities of post-Paleozoic marine genera after mass extinctions. Science 302:1030-1032
48. Miller, A. I., and M. Foote. 2009. Epicontinental seas versus open-ocean settings: The kinetics of mass extinction and origination. Science 326:1106-1109
49. Nafi, M., W. C. Xie, and N. Zhang. 2006. Late Permian (Changhsingian) conodont biozonation and the basal boundary, Ganxi section, western Hubei Province, South China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 43:121-133
50. Payne, J. L., and M. E. Clapham. 2012. End-Permian mass extinction in the oceans: An ancient analog for the twenty-first century? Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 40:89-111
51. Peters, S. E., and M. Foote. 2001. Biodiversity in the Phanerozoic: A reinterpretation. Paleobiology 27:583-601
52. Rampino, M. R., A. Prokoph, and A. Adler. 2000. Tempo of the end-Permian event: High-resolution cyclostratigraphy at the Permian-Triassic boundary. Geology 28:643-646
53. Raup, D. M., and J. J. Sepkoski Jr. 1982. Mass extinctions in the marine fossil record. Science 215:1501-1503
54. Retallack, G. J. 1995. Permian-Triassic life crisis on land. Science 267:77-80
55. Sadler, P. M. 2004. Quantitative biostratigraphy - achieving finer resolution in global correlation. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 32:187-213
56. Sadler, P. M. 2006. Composite time-lines: A means to leverage resolving power from radioisotopic dates and biostratigraphy. Paleontological Society Papers 12:145-170
57. Sadler, P. M., and R. A. Cooper. 2003. Best-fit intervals and consensus sequences: Comparison of the resolving power of traditional biostratigraphy and computer-assisted correlation. Pp. 49-94 in P. J. Harries, ed. High-resolution approaches in stratigraphic paleontology (Topics in Geobiology Vol. 21). Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
58. Sadler, P. M., and J. A. Sabado. 2004. Computer-assisted sequencing of large numbers of events from the geologic record; escaping the constraints on resolving power imposed by traditional biozones. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs 36:212
59. Sengor, A. M. C., and S. Atayman. 2009. The Permian extinction and the Tethys: An exercise in global geology. Geological Society of America Special Paper 448
60. Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. 1978. A kinetic model of Phanerozoic taxonomic diversity. I. Analysis of marine orders. Paleobiology 4:223-251
61. Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. 1982. A compendium of fossil marine families. Milwaukee Public Museum, Milwaukee
62. Sepkoski, J. J., Jr., and D. M. Raup. 1986. Periodicity in marine extinction events. Wiley, New York
63. Sepkoski, J. J., Jr., R. K. Bambach, D. M. Raup, and J. W. Valentine. 1981. Phanerozoic marine diversity and the fossil record. Nature 293:435-437
64. Shang, Q. H., M. Caridroit, and Y. J. Wang. 2001. Radiolarians from the uppermost Permian Changhsingian of southern Guangxi. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica 18:229-240
65. Shen, S. Z., and G. R. Shi. 1996. Diversity and extinction patterns of Permian brachiopoda of South China. Historical Biology 12:93-110
66. Shen, S. Z., and G. R. Shi. 2002. Paleobiogeographical extinction patterns of Permian brachiopods in the Asian-western Pacific region. Paleobiology 28:449-463
67. Shen, S. Z., C. Q. Cao, C. M. Henderson, X. D. Wang, G. R. Shi, Y. Wang, and W. Wang. 2006a. End-Permian mass extinction pattern in the northern peri-Gondwanan region. Palaeoworld 15:3-30
68. Shen, S. Z., H. Zhang, W. Z. Li, L. Mu, and J. F. Xie. 2006b. Brachiopod diversity patterns from Carboniferous to Triassic in South China. Geological Journal 41:345-361
69. Shen, S. Z., Y. Wang, C. M. Henderson, C. Q. Cao, and W. Wang. 2007. Biostratigraphy and lithofacies of the Permian System in the Laibin-Heshan area of Guangxi, South China. Palaeoworld 16:120-139
70. Shen, S. Z., J. L. Crowley, Y. Wang, S. A. Bowring, D. H. Erwin, P. M. Sadler, C. Q. Cao, D. H. Rothman, C. M. Henderson, J. Ramezani, H. Zhang, Y. A. Shen, X. D. Wang, W. Wang, L. Mu, W. Z. Li, Y. G. Tang, X. L. Liu, L. J. Liu, Y. Zeng, Y. F. Jiang, and Y. G. Jin. 2011. Calibrating the end-Permian mass extinction. Science 334:1367-1372
71. Sheng, J. Z., C. Z. Chen, Y. G. Wang, L. Rui, Z. T. Liao, B. Yuji, I. Kenichi, N. Keiji, and N. Koji. 1984. Permian-Triassic boundary in middle and eastern Tethys. Journal of Faculty of Science of Hokkaido University, series IV, 21:133-181
72. Shi, G. R., S. Z. Shen, and J. N. Tong. 1999. Two discrete, possibly unconnected, Permian marine mass extinction. Pp. 148-150 in H. F. Yin and J. N. Tong, eds. International conference on Pangea and the Paleozoic-Mesozoic transition. China University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan
73. Signor, I. P. W., and J. H. Lipps, eds. 1982. Sampling bias, gradual extinction patterns, and catastrophes in the fossil record. In L. T. Silver and P. H. Schultz, eds. Geological implications of impacts of comets and large asteroids on the Earth. Geological Society of America Special Paper 190:291-296
74. Song, H. J., J. N. Tong, and Z. Q. Chen. 2009. Two episodes of foraminiferal extinction near the Permian-Triassic boundary at the Meishan section, South China. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 56:765-773
75. Song, H. J., P. B. Wignall, J. N. Tong, and H. F. Yin. 2013. Two pulses of extinction during the Permian-Triassic crisis. Nature Geoscience 6:52-56
76. Stanley, S. M., and X. N. Yang. 1994. A double mass extinction at the end of the Paleozoic Era. Science 266:1340-1344
77. Strauss, D., and P. M. Sadler. 1989. Classical confidence intervals and Bayesian probability estimates for ends of local taxon ranges. Mathematical Geology 21:411-427
78. Sun, Y. D., M. M. Joachimski, P. B. Wignall, C. B. Yan, Y. L. Chen, H. S. Jiang, L. N. Wang, and X. L. Lai. 2012. Lethally hot temperatures during the Early Triassic greenhouse. Science 338:366-370
79. Svensen, H., S. Planke, A. G. Polozov, N. Schmidbauer, F. Corfu, Y. Y. Podladchikov, and B. Jamtveit. 2009. Siberian gas venting and the end-Permian environmental crisis. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 277:490-500
80. Tong, J. N., H. J. Hansen, L. S. Zhao, and J. X. Zuo. 2005. A GSSP candidate of the Induan-Olenekian boundary-stratigraphic sequence of the West Pingdingshan section in Chaohu, Anhui Province. Journal of Stratigraphy 29:205-214
81. Twitchett, R. J., C. V. Looy, R. Morante, H. Visscher, and P. B. Wignall. 2001. Rapid and synchronous collapse of marine and terrestrial ecosystems during the end-Permian biotic crisis. Geology 29:351-354
82. Wang, S. C., and P. J. Everson. 2007. Confidence intervals for pulsed mass extinction events. Paleobiology 33:324-336
83. Wang, S. C., and C. R. Marshall. 2004. Improved confidence intervals for estimating the position of a mass extinction boundary. Paleobiology 30:5-18
84. Wang, X. D., and T. Sugiyama. 2000. Diversity and extinction patterns of Permian coral faunas of China. Lethaia 33:285-294
85. Wang, Y., S. Z. Shen, C. Q. Cao,W.Wang, C. M. Henderson, and Y. G. Jin. 2006. The Wuchiapingian-Changhsingian boundary (Upper Permian) at Meishan of Changxing County, South China. Journal of Asian Earth Science 26:575-583
86. Ward, P. D., J. Botha, R. Buick, M. O. De Kock, D. H. Erwin, G. H. Garrison, J. L. Kirschvink, and R. Smith. 2005. Abrupt and gradual extinction among Late Permian land vertebrates in the Karoo Basin, South Africa. Science 307:709-714
87. Webster, M., P. M. Sadler, M. A. Kooser, and E. Fowler. 2003. Combining stratigraphic sections and museum collections to increase biostratigraphic resolution. Pp. 95-128 in P. J. Harries, ed. High-resolution approaches in stratigraphic paleontology (Topics in Geobiology Vol. 21). Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht. Wignall, P. B., and R. J. Twitchett. 1996. Oceanic anoxia and the end Permian mass extinction. Science 272:1155-1158
88. Wu, S. B. 1993. Regression and transgression by terminal Changxingian. Pp. 15-19 in Z. Y. Yang, S. B. Wu, H. F. Yin, G. Wu, K. X. Zhang, and X. Bi, eds. Permo-Triassic Events of South China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing
89. Wu, Y. S. 2006. Lagged mass extinction in conodonts across the Permian-Triassic boundary. Earth and Life 1:1-6. http://www. geofinds.com
90. Xie, S. C., R. D. Pancost, H. F. Yin, H. M.Wang, and R. P. Evershed. 2005. Two episodes of microbial change coupled with Permo/ Triassic faunal mass extinction. Nature 434:494-497
91. Yang, F. Q., and H. M. Wang. 2000. Ammonoid succession model across the Paleozoic-Mesozoic transition in South China. Pp. 353-369 in Yin et al. 2000
92. Yang, Z. Y., H. F. Yin, S. B. Wu, F. Q. Yang, M. H. Ding, and G. R. Xu. 1987. Permian-Triassic boundary stratigraphy and fauna of South China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing
93. Yang, Z. Y., S. B. Wu, H. F. Yin, G. R. Xu, and K. X. Zhang. 1991. Geological events of Permo-Triassic transitional period in South China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing
94. Yin, H. F., and J. N. Tong. 1998. Multidisciplinary high-resolution correlation of the Permian-Triassic boundary. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 143:199-212
95. Yin, H. F., J. M. Dickins, G. R. Shi, and J. N. Tong, eds. 2000. Permian-Triassic evolution of Tethys and western circum-Pacific (Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy Vol. 18). Elsevier, Amsterdam
96. Yin, H. F., K. X. Zhang, J. N. Tong, Z. Y. Yang, and S. B. Wu. 2001. The global stratotype section and point (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic boundary. Episodes 24:102-114
97. Yin, H. F., Q. L. Feng, X. L. Lai, A. Baud, and J. N. Tong. 2007. The protracted Permo-Triassic crisis and multi-episode extinction around the Permian-Triassic boundary. Global and Planetary Change 55:1-20
98. Zhang, K. X., J. N. Tong, H. F. Yin, and S. B. Wu. 1996. Sequence stratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic boundary section of Changxing, Zhejiang. Acta Geologica Sinica 70:270-281
99. Zhang, K. X., J. X. Yu, Q. X. Lin, Y. L. Jin, and B. Chen. 2004. Palynological assemblage in section D of Meishan, Changxing, Zhejiang and its significance of global correlation. Journal of China University of Geosciences 29:253-262
100. Zhao, J. K., J. Z. Sheng, Z. Q. Yao, X. L. Liang, C. Z. Chen, L. Rui, and Z. T. Liao. 1981. The Changhsingian and the Permian-Triassic boundary in South China. Bulletin of the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology 2:1-112