메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 861-888

High-temperature PEM fuel cell catalysts and catalyst layers

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84892105315     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84800-936-3_18     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (19)

References (83)
  • 2
    • 33846280436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PEM fuel cell reaction kinetics in the temperature range of 23-120 °c
    • Song C, Tang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Wang H, Shen J, et al. PEM fuel cell reaction kinetics in the temperature range of 23-120 °C. Electrochim Acta 2007;52:2552-61.
    • (2007) Electrochim Acta , vol.52 , pp. 2552-2561
    • Song, C.1    Tang, Y.2    Zhang, J.3    Zhang, J.4    Wang, H.5    Shen, J.6
  • 3
    • 0008397320 scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of symmetry factors and the significance of the experimental activation energies
    • Damjanovic A. Temperature dependence of symmetry factors and the significance of the experimental activation energies. J Electroanal Chem 1993;355:57-77.
    • (1993) J Electroanal Chem , vol.355 , pp. 57-77
    • Damjanovic, A.1
  • 4
    • 0023561722 scopus 로고
    • Nature of CO adsorption during oxidation in relation to modeling for CO poisoning of a fuel cell anode
    • and references therein
    • Dahr HP, Christner LG, Kush AK. Nature of CO adsorption during oxidation in relation to modeling for CO poisoning of a fuel cell anode. J Electrochem Soc 1987; and references therein 134:3021-6.
    • (1987) J Electrochem Soc , vol.134 , pp. 3021-3026
    • Dahr, H.P.1    Christner, L.G.2    Kush, A.K.3
  • 6
    • 0001906110 scopus 로고
    • Reaction pathways and poisons-II the rate controlling step for electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen on Pt in acid and poisoning of the reaction by CO
    • Vogel W, Lundquest J, Ross P, Stonehart P. Reaction pathways and poisons-II the rate controlling step for electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen on Pt in acid and poisoning of the reaction by CO. Electrochim Acta 1975;20:79-93.
    • (1975) Electrochim Acta , vol.20 , pp. 79-93
    • Vogel, W.1    Lundquest, J.2    Ross, P.3    Stonehart, P.4
  • 7
    • 0000057546 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen electro-oxidation on platinum catalysts in the presence of trace carbon monoxide
    • Igarashi H, Fujino T, Watanabe M. Hydrogen electro-oxidation on platinum catalysts in the presence of trace carbon monoxide. J Electroanal Chem 391 1995;119-23.
    • (1995) J Electroanal Chem , vol.391 , pp. 119-123
    • Igarashi, H.1    Fujino, T.2    Watanabe, M.3
  • 8
    • 0347388416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CO poisoning effect in PEMFCs operational at temperatures up to 200°C
    • Li Q, He R, Gao J, Jensen JO, Bjerrum NJ. The CO poisoning effect in PEMFCs operational at temperatures up to 200°C. J Electrochem Soc 2003;150:A1599-605.
    • (2003) J Electrochem Soc , vol.150
    • Li, Q.1    He, R.2    Gao, J.3    Jensen, J.O.4    Bjerrum, N.J.5
  • 9
    • 0031077183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane supported non-volatile acidic electrolytes allow higher temperature operation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
    • Mahorta S, Datta R. Membrane supported non-volatile acidic electrolytes allow higher temperature operation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J Electrochem Soc 1997;144:L23-6.
    • (1997) J Electrochem Soc , vol.144
    • Mahorta, S.1    Datta, R.2
  • 12
    • 84892061778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of relative humidity on PEM fuel cell performance at elevated temperatures, available online
    • Zhang J, Tang Y, Li H, Song C, Xia Z, Wang H, et al. Effect of relative humidity on PEM fuel cell performance at elevated temperatures, available online. Electrochim Acta 2008.
    • (2008) Electrochim Acta
    • Zhang, J.1    Tang, Y.2    Li, H.3    Song, C.4    Xia, Z.5    Wang, H.6
  • 13
    • 44649148354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voltage jump during polarization of a PEM fuel cell operated at low relative humidities
    • Accepted
    • Song C, Chua CJ, Tang Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Li J, et al. Voltage jump during polarization of a PEM fuel cell operated at low relative humidities. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2008. Accepted.
    • (2008) Int J Hydrogen Energy
    • Song, C.1    Chua, C.J.2    Tang, Y.3    Zhang, J.4    Zhang, J.5    Li, J.6
  • 14
    • 0033361909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electroosmotic drag in polymer electrolyte membranes: An electrophoretic NMR study
    • Ise M, Kreuver KD, Maier J. Electroosmotic drag in polymer electrolyte membranes: an electrophoretic NMR study. Solid-State Ionics 1999;125:213-23.
    • (1999) Solid-State Ionics , vol.125 , pp. 213-223
    • Ise, M.1    Kreuver, K.D.2    Maier, J.3
  • 15
    • 33747831170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of water transport properties on a PEM fuel cell operating with dry hydrogen
    • Ma Y, Hu J, Ma H, Yi B, Zhang H. Effect of water transport properties on a PEM fuel cell operating with dry hydrogen. Electrochim Acta 2006;51:6361-6.
    • (2006) Electrochim Acta , vol.51 , pp. 6361-6366
    • Ma, Y.1    Hu, J.2    Ma, H.3    Yi, B.4    Zhang, H.5
  • 16
    • 34147165697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proton exchange membrane fuel cell from low temperature to high temperature: Material challenges
    • Shao Y, Yin G, Wang Z, Gao Y. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell from low temperature to high temperature: material challenges. J Power Sources 2007;167:235-42.
    • (2007) J Power Sources , vol.167 , pp. 235-242
    • Shao, Y.1    Yin, G.2    Wang, Z.3    Gao, Y.4
  • 17
    • 0028446085 scopus 로고
    • Water uptake of perfluorosulfonic acid membranes from liquid water and water vapour
    • Hinatsu JT, Mizuhata M, Takenaka H. Water uptake of perfluorosulfonic acid membranes from liquid water and water vapour. J Electrochem Soc 1994;141:1493-8.
    • (1994) J Electrochem Soc , vol.141 , pp. 1493-1498
    • Hinatsu, J.T.1    Mizuhata, M.2    Takenaka, H.3
  • 18
    • 34547235518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single PEMFC design and validation for hightemperature MEA testing and diagnosis up to 300 °c
    • Tang Y, Zhang J, Song C, Zhang J. Single PEMFC design and validation for hightemperature MEA testing and diagnosis up to 300 °C. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 2007;10:B142-6.
    • (2007) Electrochem Solid-State Lett , vol.10
    • Tang, Y.1    Zhang, J.2    Song, C.3    Zhang, J.4
  • 19
    • 1542288788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging membranes for electrochemical systems Part II: High temperature composite membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cell applications
    • Savadogo O. Emerging membranes for electrochemical systems Part II: high temperature composite membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cell applications. J Power Sources 2004;127:135-61.
    • (2004) J Power Sources , vol.127 , pp. 135-161
    • Savadogo, O.1
  • 20
    • 0035912173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid acids as fuel cell electrolytes
    • Haile SM, Boysen DA, Chisholm CRI, Merle RB. Solid acids as fuel cell electrolytes. Nature 2001;410:910-13.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 910-913
    • Haile, S.M.1    Boysen, D.A.2    Cri, C.3    Merle, R.B.4
  • 21
    • 0347988154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-performance solid acid fuel cells through humidity stabilization
    • Boysen DA, Uda T, Chisholm CRI, Haile SM. High-performance solid acid fuel cells through humidity stabilization. Science 2003;303:68-70.
    • (2003) Science , vol.303 , pp. 68-70
    • Boysen, D.A.1    Uda, T.2    Cri, C.3    Haile, S.M.4
  • 26
    • 37549031312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature effects on PEM fuel cells Pt/C catalyst degradation
    • Bi W, Fuller TF. Temperature effects on PEM fuel cells Pt/C catalyst degradation. J Electrochem Soc 2008;155:B215-21.
    • (2008) J Electrochem Soc , vol.155
    • Bi, W.1    Fuller, T.F.2
  • 28
    • 0242509219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic model of platinum dissolution in PEMFCs
    • Darling RM, Meyer JP. Kinetic model of platinum dissolution in PEMFCs. J Electrochem Soc 2003;150:A1523-7.
    • (2003) J Electrochem Soc , vol.150
    • Darling, R.M.1    Meyer, J.P.2
  • 32
    • 34547226896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of catalyst degradation in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
    • Virkar AV, Zhou Y. Mechanism of catalyst degradation in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Electrochem Soc 2007;154:B540-7.
    • (2007) J Electrochem Soc , vol.154
    • Virkar, A.V.1    Zhou, Y.2
  • 34
    • 20344367747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructural changes of membrane electrode assemblies during PEFC durability testing at high humidity conditions
    • Xie J, Wood DL III, More KL, Atanassov P, Borup RL. Microstructural changes of membrane electrode assemblies during PEFC durability testing at high humidity conditions. J Electrochem Soc 2005;152:A1011-20.
    • (2005) J Electrochem Soc , vol.152
    • Xie, J.1    Wood III, D.L.2    More, K.L.3    Atanassov, P.4    Borup, R.L.5
  • 35
    • 33947325344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PEM fuel cell Pt/C dissolution and deposition in Nafion electrolyte
    • Bi W, Gray GE, Fuller TF. PEM fuel cell Pt/C dissolution and deposition in Nafion electrolyte. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 2007;10:B101-4.
    • (2007) Electrochem Solid-State Lett , vol.10
    • Bi, W.1    Gray, G.E.2    Fuller, T.F.3
  • 36
    • 33751113010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High voltage stability of nanostructured thin film catalysts for PEM fuel cells
    • Debe MK, Schmoeckel AK, Verstrom GD, Atanasoski R. High voltage stability of nanostructured thin film catalysts for PEM fuel cells. J Power Sources 2006;161:1002-11.
    • (2006) J Power Sources , vol.161 , pp. 1002-1011
    • Debe, M.K.1    Schmoeckel, A.K.2    Verstrom, G.D.3    Atanasoski, R.4
  • 39
    • 33750795821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rotating disk electrode investigation of fuel cell catalyst degradation due to potential cycling in acid electrolyte
    • Merzougui B, Swathirajan S. Rotating disk electrode investigation of fuel cell catalyst degradation due to potential cycling in acid electrolyte. J Electrochem Soc 2006;153:A2220-6.
    • (2006) J Electrochem Soc , vol.153
    • Merzougui, B.1    Swathirajan, S.2
  • 41
    • 0030084209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of operational potential on performance decay rate in phosphoric acid fuel cell
    • Aragane J, Urushibata H, Murahashi T. Effect of operational potential on performance decay rate in phosphoric acid fuel cell. J Appl Electrochem 1996;26:147-52.
    • (1996) J Appl Electrochem , vol.26 , pp. 147-152
    • Aragane, J.1    Urushibata, H.2    Murahashi, T.3
  • 42
    • 0024000178 scopus 로고
    • Change of Pt distribution in the active components of phosphoric acid fuel cell
    • Aragane J, Murahashi T, Odaka T. Change of Pt distribution in the active components of phosphoric acid fuel cell. J Electrochem Soc 1988;135:844-50.
    • (1988) J Electrochem Soc , vol.135 , pp. 844-850
    • Aragane, J.1    Murahashi, T.2    Odaka, T.3
  • 44
    • 33646830451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of carbon in fuel cells
    • Dicks AL. The role of carbon in fuel cells. J Power Sources 2006;156:128-41.
    • (2006) J Power Sources , vol.156 , pp. 128-141
    • Dicks, A.L.1
  • 45
    • 0028342050 scopus 로고
    • Corrosion behaviour of platinum-catalyzed carbon in phosphoric acid solution
    • Pyun SI, Ryu YG, Choi SH. Corrosion behaviour of platinum-catalyzed carbon in phosphoric acid solution. Carbon 1994;32:161-4.
    • (1994) Carbon , vol.32 , pp. 161-164
    • Pyun, S.I.1    Ryu, Y.G.2    Choi, S.H.3
  • 46
    • 34548672560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in activity and durability enhancement of Pt/C catalytic cathode in PEMFC, Part II: Degradation mechanism and durability enhancement of carbon supported platinum catalyst
    • Yu X, Ye S. Recent advances in activity and durability enhancement of Pt/C catalytic cathode in PEMFC, Part II: Degradation mechanism and durability enhancement of carbon supported platinum catalyst. J Power Sources 2007;172:145-54.
    • (2007) J Power Sources , vol.172 , pp. 145-154
    • Yu, X.1    Ye, S.2
  • 48
    • 0012701887 scopus 로고
    • Determination of carbon surface oxides on platinum-catalyzed carbon
    • Kinoshita K, Bett J. Determination of carbon surface oxides on platinum-catalyzed carbon. Carbon 1974;12:525-33.
    • (1974) Carbon , vol.12 , pp. 525-533
    • Kinoshita, K.1    Bett, J.2
  • 49
    • 9444266488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal degradation of the support in carbon supported platinum electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cells
    • Stevens DA, Dahn JR. Thermal degradation of the support in carbon supported platinum electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cells. Carbon 2005;43:179-88.
    • (2005) Carbon , vol.43 , pp. 179-188
    • Stevens, D.A.1    Dahn, J.R.2
  • 53
    • 0021374947 scopus 로고
    • The influence of Pt-activation on the corrosion of carbon in gas diffusion electrodes-A DEMS study
    • Willsau J, Heitbbaum J. The influence of Pt-activation on the corrosion of carbon in gas diffusion electrodes-A DEMS study. J Electroanal Chem 1984;161:93-101.
    • (1984) J Electroanal Chem , vol.161 , pp. 93-101
    • Willsau, J.1    Heitbbaum, J.2
  • 54
    • 0016114340 scopus 로고
    • Carbon gasification in the presence of metal catalysts
    • Rewick RT, Wetrcek PR, Wiase H. Carbon gasification in the presence of metal catalysts. Fuel 1974;53:274-9.
    • (1974) Fuel , vol.53 , pp. 274-279
    • Rewick, R.T.1    Wetrcek, P.R.2    Wiase, H.3
  • 55
    • 0015644298 scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical oxidation of carbon black in concentrated phosphoric acid at 135°C
    • Kinoshita K, Bett J. Electrochemical oxidation of carbon black in concentrated phosphoric acid at 135°C. Carbon 1973;11:237-47.
    • (1973) Carbon , vol.11 , pp. 237-247
    • Kinoshita, K.1    Bett, J.2
  • 56
    • 2042513621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Vulcan electrochemically oxidized under simulated PEM fuel cell conditions
    • Kangasniemi KH, Condit DA, Jarvi TD. Characterization of Vulcan electrochemically oxidized under simulated PEM fuel cell conditions. J Electrochem Soc 2004; 151:E125-32.
    • (2004) J Electrochem Soc , vol.151
    • Kangasniemi, K.H.1    Condit, D.A.2    Jarvi, T.D.3
  • 57
    • 0842274234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience with 200 kW PC25 fuel cell power plant
    • Vielstich W, Gasteiger H, editors. Chicester, UK: John Wiley & Sons
    • King JM, McDonald B. Experience with 200 kW PC25 fuel cell power plant. In: Handbook of fuel cells-fundamentals, technology, and applications, volume 4. Vielstich W, Gasteiger H, editors. Chicester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2003: 832-43.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology, and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 832-843
    • King, J.M.1    McDonald, B.2
  • 58
    • 2042434937 scopus 로고
    • Influence of electrochemical treatment in phosphoric acid on the wettability of carbon
    • Kinoshita K, Bett J. Influence of electrochemical treatment in phosphoric acid on the wettability of carbon. Carbon 1975;13:405-9.
    • (1975) Carbon , vol.13 , pp. 405-409
    • Kinoshita, K.1    Bett, J.2
  • 59
    • 0037994758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of carbon materials in heterogeneous catalysis
    • Rodriguez-Reinoso F. The role of carbon materials in heterogeneous catalysis. Carbon 1998;36:159-75.
    • (1998) Carbon , vol.36 , pp. 159-175
    • Rodriguez-Reinoso, F.1
  • 61
    • 4544315951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catalyst studies and coating technologies
    • Vielstich W, Gasteiger H, editors. Chicester, UK: John Wiley & Sons
    • Landsman DA, Luczak FJ. Catalyst studies and coating technologies. In: Handbook of fuel cells-fundamentals, technology, and applications, volume 4. Vielstich W, Gasteiger H, editors. Chicester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2003: 811-31.
    • (2003) Handbook of Fuel Cells-Fundamentals, Technology, and Applications , vol.4 , pp. 811-831
    • Landsman, D.A.1    Luczak, F.J.2
  • 62
    • 1442324492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proton exchange membrane fuel cells with carbon nanotube based electrodes
    • Wang C, Waje M, Wang X, Tang JM, Haddon RC, Yan Y. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells with carbon nanotube based electrodes. Nano Lett 2004;4:345-8.
    • (2004) Nano Lett , vol.4 , pp. 345-348
    • Wang, C.1    Waje, M.2    Wang, X.3    Tang, J.M.4    Haddon, R.C.5    Yan, Y.6
  • 64
    • 33744985549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Durability investigation of carbon nanotube as catalyst support for proton exchange membrane fuel cell
    • Wang X, Li W, Chen Z, Waje M, Yan Y. Durability investigation of carbon nanotube as catalyst support for proton exchange membrane fuel cell. J Power Sources 2006;158:154-9.
    • (2006) J Power Sources , vol.158 , pp. 154-159
    • Wang, X.1    Li, W.2    Chen, Z.3    Waje, M.4    Yan, Y.5
  • 65
    • 33646404071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Durability study of Pt/C and Pt/CNTs catalysts under simulated PEMFC conditions
    • Shao Y, Yin G, Gao Y, Shi P. Durability study of Pt/C and Pt/CNTs catalysts under simulated PEMFC conditions. J Electrochem Soc 2006;153:A1093-7.
    • (2006) J Electrochem Soc , vol.153
    • Shao, Y.1    Yin, G.2    Gao, Y.3    Shi, P.4
  • 66
    • 15344340054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative supports for the preparation of catalysts for low-temperature fuel cells: The use of carbon nanotubes
    • Carmo M, Pagain VA, Rosolen JM, Gonzalez ER. Alternative supports for the preparation of catalysts for low-temperature fuel cells: the use of carbon nanotubes. J Power Sources 2005;142:169-76.
    • (2005) J Power Sources , vol.142 , pp. 169-176
    • Carmo, M.1    Pagain, V.A.2    Rosolen, J.M.3    Gonzalez, E.R.4
  • 67
    • 0037261126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fabrication and evaluation of platinum/diamond composite electrodes for electrocatalysis
    • Wang J, Swain GM. Fabrication and evaluation of platinum/diamond composite electrodes for electrocatalysis. J Electrochem Soc 2003;150 E24-32.
    • (2003) J Electrochem Soc , vol.150
    • Wang, J.1    Swain, G.M.2
  • 68
    • 0033723162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of Pt particles in boron doped diamond thin films applications in electrocatalysis
    • Wang J, Swain GM, Tachibana T, Kobashi K. Incorporation of Pt particles in boron doped diamond thin films applications in electrocatalysis. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 2000;3:286-9.
    • (2000) Electrochem Solid-State Lett , vol.3 , pp. 286-289
    • Wang, J.1    Swain, G.M.2    Tachibana, T.3    Kobashi, K.4
  • 69
    • 84892074084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of alternative and durable high performance cathode supports for PEM fuel cells
    • Washington DC
    • Wang Y, Lin Y, Viswanathan V, Liu J, Zhang C, Campbell S, et al. Development of alternative and durable high performance cathode supports for PEM fuel cells. 2007 DOE presentations, Washington DC, 2007.
    • (2007) 2007 DOE Presentations
    • Wang, Y.1    Lin, Y.2    Viswanathan, V.3    Liu, J.4    Zhang, C.5    Campbell, S.6
  • 70
    • 34548695946 scopus 로고
    • X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of Pd and Pt ions in type Y-zeolite. Electron transfer between metal aggregates and the support as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron spin resonance
    • Vedrine C, Dufaux M, Naccache C, Imelik B. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of Pd and Pt ions in type Y-zeolite. Electron transfer between metal aggregates and the support as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron spin resonance. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1978;74:440-50.
    • (1978) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans , vol.74 , pp. 440-450
    • Vedrine, C.1    Dufaux, M.2    Naccache, C.3    Imelik, B.4
  • 71
    • 0021444754 scopus 로고
    • Electrocatalysts on supports-I. Electrochemical and adsorptive properties of platinum microdeposits on inert supports
    • Bagotzky VS, Skundin AM. Electrocatalysts on supports-I. Electrochemical and adsorptive properties of platinum microdeposits on inert supports. Electrochim Acta 1984;29:757-65.
    • (1984) Electrochim Acta , vol.29 , pp. 757-765
    • Bagotzky, V.S.1    Skundin, A.M.2
  • 72
    • 10044226207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of metal-support interaction in Pt/C on CO and methanol oxidation reactions
    • Halla SC, Subramaniana V, Teeterb G, Rambabu B. Influence of metal-support interaction in Pt/C on CO and methanol oxidation reactions. Solid-State Ionics 2004;175:809-13.
    • (2004) Solid-State Ionics , vol.175 , pp. 809-813
    • Halla, S.C.1    Subramaniana, V.2    Teeterb, G.3    Rambabu, B.4
  • 74
    • 3042835945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and characterization of methanol tolerant Pt/TiOx/C nanocomposites for oxygen reduction in direct methanol fuel cells
    • Xiong L, Manthiram A. Synthesis and characterization of methanol tolerant Pt/TiOx/C nanocomposites for oxygen reduction in direct methanol fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2004;49:4163-70.
    • (2004) Electrochim Acta , vol.49 , pp. 4163-4170
    • Xiong, L.1    Manthiram, A.2
  • 76
    • 35248873820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of heat-treatment effects on activity and stability of PEM fuel cell catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
    • Bezerraa CWB, Zhang L, Liu H, Lee K, Marques ALB, Marques EP, et al. A review of heat-treatment effects on activity and stability of PEM fuel cell catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. J Power Sources 2007;173:891-908.
    • (2007) J Power Sources , vol.173 , pp. 891-908
    • Cwb, B.1    Zhang, L.2    Liu, H.3    Lee, K.4    Alb, M.5    Marques, E.P.6
  • 77
    • 0021576346 scopus 로고
    • Carbon substrates for phosphoric acid fuel cell cathodes
    • Stonehart P. Carbon substrates for phosphoric acid fuel cell cathodes. Carbon 1984;22:423-31.
    • (1984) Carbon , vol.22 , pp. 423-431
    • Stonehart, P.1
  • 78
    • 0029357873 scopus 로고
    • Influences of both carbon supports and heat-treatment of supported catalysts on electrochemical oxidation of methanol
    • Uchida M, Aoyama Y, Tanabe M, Yanagihara N, Eda N, Ohta A. Influences of both carbon supports and heat-treatment of supported catalysts on electrochemical oxidation of methanol. J Electrochem Soc 1995;142:2572-6.
    • (1995) J Electrochem Soc , vol.142 , pp. 2572-2576
    • Uchida, M.1    Aoyama, Y.2    Tanabe, M.3    Yanagihara, N.4    Eda, N.5    Ohta, A.6
  • 79
    • 0001239138 scopus 로고
    • Heat-treated carbon-blacks as supports for platinum catalysts
    • Coloma F, Sepblveda-Escribano A, Rodriguez-Reinoso F. Heat-treated carbon-blacks as supports for platinum catalysts. J Catal 1995;154:299-305.
    • (1995) J Catal , vol.154 , pp. 299-305
    • Coloma, F.1    Sepblveda-Escribano, A.2    Rodriguez-Reinoso, F.3
  • 81
    • 0034240573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen reduction on carbon supported platinum catalysts in high temperature polymer electrolytes
    • Li Q, Hjuler HA, Bjerrum NJ. Oxygen reduction on carbon supported platinum catalysts in high temperature polymer electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2000;45:4219-26.
    • (2000) Electrochim Acta , vol.45 , pp. 4219-4226
    • Li, Q.1    Hjuler, H.A.2    Bjerrum, N.J.3
  • 82
    • 0035394652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membranes: Physicochemical characterization and fuel cell applications
    • Li Q, Hjuler HA, Bjerrum NJ. Phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membranes: Physicochemical characterization and fuel cell applications. J Appl Electrochem 2001;31:773-9.
    • (2001) J Appl Electrochem , vol.31 , pp. 773-779
    • Li, Q.1    Hjuler, H.A.2    Bjerrum, N.J.3
  • 83
    • 33646859233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the catalyst ink preparation method on the performance of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
    • Lobato J, Rodrigo MA, Linares JJ, Scott K. Effect of the catalyst ink preparation method on the performance of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 2006;157:284-92.
    • (2006) J Power Sources , vol.157 , pp. 284-292
    • Lobato, J.1    Rodrigo, M.A.2    Linares, J.J.3    Scott, K.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.