Effects of Al/Si ordering on feldspar dissolution: Part I. Crystallographic control on the stoichiometry of dissolution reaction

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Volumn 126, Issue , 2014, Pages 574-594

  Yang, Yi ^a   Min, Yujia ^a   Lococo, Jena ^b   Jun, Young Shin ^a  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST LOUIS   (United States)

^b J Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALUMINUM; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; DISSOLUTION; FELDSPAR; SILICATE; SILICON; STOICHIOMETRY;

EID: 84891925658     PISSN: 00167037     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2013.10.047     Document Type: Article

References (174)

1. Aagaard P., Helgeson H.C. Thermodynamic and kinetic constraints on reaction rates among minerals and aqueous solutions; I. Theoretical considerations. Am. J. Sci. 1982, 282:237-285.
2. Alekseyev V.A., Medvedeva L.S., Prisyagina N.I., Meshalkin S.S., Balabin A.I. Change in the dissolution rates of alkali feldspars as a result of secondary mineral precipitation and approach to equilibrium. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:1125-1142.
3. Amrhein C., Suarez D.L. Some factors affecting the dissolution kinetics of anorthite at 25 C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1992, 56:1815-1826.
4. Anbeek C. The dependence of dissolution rates on grain size for some fresh and weathered feldspars. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1992, 56:3957-3970.
5. Angel R.J., Carpenter M.A., Finger L.W. Structural variation associated with compositional variation and order-disorder behavior in anorthite-rich feldspars. Am. Mineral. 1990, 75:150-162.
6. Arnold G.W., Westrich H.R., Casey W.H. Application of ion beam analysis (RBS and ERD) to the surface chemistry study of leached minerals. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 1992, 64:542-546.
7. Arvidson R.S., Beig M.S., Luttge A. Single-crystal plagioclase feldspar dissolution rates measured by vertical scanning interferometry. Am. Mineral. 2004, 89:51-56.
8. Atkinson A.J., Carpenter M.A., Salje E.K.H. Hard mode infrared spectroscopy of plagioclase feldspars. Eur. J. Mineral. 1999, 11:7-21.
9. Bandstra J.Z., Brantley S.L. Data fitting techniques with applications to mineral dissolution kinetics. Kinetics of Water-Rock Interaction 2008, 211-258. Springer, New York. S.L. Brantley, J.D. Kubicki, A.F. White (Eds.).
10. Banfield J.F., Eggleton R.A. Analytical transmission electron microscope studies of plagioclase, muscovite, and K-feldspar weathering. Clays Clay Miner. 1990, 38:77-89.
11. Banfield J.F., Ferruzzi G.G., Casey W.H., Westrich H.R. HRTEM study comparing naturally and experimentally weathered pyroxenoids. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1995, 59:19-31.
12. Beig M.S., Lüttge A. Albite dissolution kinetics as a function of distance from equilibrium: implications for natural feldspar weathering. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2006, 70:1402-1420.
13. Berg A., Banwart S.A. Carbon dioxide mediated dissolution of Ca-feldspar: implications for silicate weathering. Chem. Geol. 2000, 163:25-42.
14. Berner R.A., Holdren G.R. Mechanism of feldspar weathering-II. Observations of feldspars from soils. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1979, 43:1173-1186.
15. Blake R.E., Walter L.M. Effects of organic acids on the dissolution of orthoclase at 80 degrees C and pH 6. Chem. Geol. 1996, 132:91-102.
16. Blasi A., Blasi C.D.P. Aspects of alkali feldspar characterization: prospects and relevance of problems outstanding. Feldspars and Their Reactions 1993, 103-160. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. P.H. Ribbe (Ed.).
17. Blum A.E., Lasaga A.C. The role of surface speciation in the dissolution of albite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1991, 55:2193-2201.
18. Blum A.E. and Stillings L.L. (1995) Feldspar dissolution kinetics. In Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals (eds. A.F. White and S.L. Brantley). Mineralogical Society of America, pp. 291-351.
19. Brantley S.L., Chen Y. Chemical weathering rates of pyroxenes and amphiboles. Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals 1995, 119-172. Mineralogical Society of America. A.F. White, S.L. Brantley (Eds.).
20. Brantley S.L., Kubicki J.D., White A.F. Kinetics of mineral dissolution. Kinetics of water-rock interaction 2008, 151-210. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, New York.
21. Brown G.E., Calas G. Section 7. The nature of solid-water interfaces. Geochem. Perspect. 2012, 1:545-560.
22. Brown G.E., Calas G. Section 16. Mineral weathering as a molecular-level mineral-surface process. Geochem. Perspect. 2012, 1:650-662.
23. Burch T.E., Nagy K.L., Lasaga A.C. Free energy dependence of albite dissolution kinetics at 80 C and pH 8.8. Chem. Geol. 1993, 105:137-162.
24. 2 partial pressure. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1976, 40:41-49.
25. Cailleteau C., Angeli F., Devreux F., Gin S., Jestin J., Jollivet P., Spalla O. Insight into silicate-glass corrosion mechanisms. Nat. Mater. 2008, 7:978-983.
26. Carpenter M.A., Angel R.J., Finger L.W. Calibration of Al/Si order variations in anorthite. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1990, 104:471-480.
27. Carpenter M.A., McConnell J.D.C. Experimental delineation of the Cl < --> Il transformation in intermediate plagioclase feldspars. Am. Mineral. 1984, 69:112-121.
28. 2(aq), Al(aq), and temperature. Chem. Geol. 2005, 217:213-225.
29. Casey W., Cheney M. Brønsted reactions on oxide mineral surfaces and the temperature-dependence of their dissolution rates. Aquat. Sci. 1993, 55:304-313.
30. Casey W.H., Bunker B. Leaching of mineral and glass surfaces during dissolution. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 1990, 23:397-426.
31. Casey W.H., Swaddle T.W. Why small? The use of small inorganic clusters to understand mineral surface and dissolution reactions in geochemistry. Rev. Geophys. 2003, 41:1008.
32. Casey W.H., Westrich H.R., Arnold G.W. Surface chemistry of labradorite feldspar reacted with aqueous solutions at pH=2, 3, and 12. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1988, 52:2795-2807.
33. Casey W.H., Westrich H.R., Arnold G.W., Banfield J.F. The surface chemistry of dissolving labradorite feldspar. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1989, 53:821-832.
34. Casey W.H., Westrich H.R., Holdren G.R. Dissolution rates of plagioclase at pH=2 and 3. Am. Mineral. 1991, 76:211-217.
35. Chen Y., Brantley S.L. Diopside and anthophyllite dissolution at 25 and 90 C and acid pH. Chem. Geol. 1998, 147:233-248.
36. Chen Y., Brantley S.L., Ilton E.S. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurement of the temperature dependence of leaching of cations from the albite surface. Chem. Geol. 2000, 163:115-128.
37. Cheng X., Zhao P., Stebbins J.F. Solid state NMR study of oxygen site exchange and Al-O-Al site concentration in analcime. Am. Mineral. 2000, 85:1030-1037.
38. Chou L., Wollast R. Steady-state kinetics and dissolution mechanisms of albite. Am. J. Sci. 1985, 285:963-993.
39. Criscenti L.J., Brantley S.L., Mueller K.T., Tsomaia N., Kubicki J.D. Theoretical and 27Al CPMAS NMR investigation of aluminum coordination changes during aluminosilicate dissolution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2005, 69:2205-2220.
40. Cygan R.T., Greathouse J.A., Heinz H., Kalinichev A.G. Molecular models and simulations of layered materials. J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19:2470-2481.
41. Daval D., Martinez I., Corvisier J., Findling N., Goffé B., Guyot F. Carbonation of Ca-bearing silicates, the case of wollastonite: experimental investigations and kinetic modeling. Chem. Geol. 2009, 265:63-78.
42. Daval D., Martinez I., Guigner J.-M., Hellmann R., Corvisier J., Findling N., Dominici C., Goffé B., Guyot F. Mechanism of wollastonite carbonation deduced from micro- to nanometer length scale observations. Am. Mineral. 2009, 94:1707-1726.
43. 2. Chem. Geol. 2011, 284:193-209.
44. Dobrowolski R., Stefaniak E., Bilinski B., Staszczuk P. Study of the surface adsorption properties of feldspar. Adsorpt. Sci. Technol. 1999, 17:73-83.
45. Fenter P., Lee S.S., Park C., Catalano J.G., Zhang Z., Sturchio N.C. Probing interfacial reactions with X-ray reflectivity and X-ray reflection interface microscopy: influence of NaCl on the dissolution of orthoclase at pOH 2 and 85 C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2010, 74:3396-3411.
46. Fenter P., Sturchio N.C. Mineral-water interfacial structures revealed by synchrotron X-ray scattering. Prog. Surf. Sci. 2004, 77:171-258.
47. Fleet S., Chandrasekhar S., Megaw H. The structure of bytownite (body-centred anorthite'). Acta Crystallogr. A 1966, 21:782-801.
48. Fu Q., Lu P., Konishi H., Dilmore R., Xu H., Seyfried W.E., Zhu C. Coupled alkali-feldspar dissolution and secondary mineral precipitation in batch systems: 1. New experiments at 200 C and 300 bars. Chem. Geol. 2009, 258:125-135.
49. Gardner L.R. Mechanics and kinetics of incongruent feldspar dissolution. Geology 1983, 11:418-421.
50. Garrels R.M., Howard P. Reactions of feldspar and mica with water at low temperature and pressure. Clays Clay Miner. 1957, 6:68-88.
51. Gautier J.-M., Oelkers E.H., Schott J. Experimental study of K-feldspar dissolution rates as a function of chemical affinity at 150 C and pH 9. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1994, 58:4549-4560.
52. Geisinger K., Gibbs G., Navrotsky A. A molecular orbital study of bond length and angle variations in framework structures. Phys. Chem. Miner. 1985, 11:266-283.
53. Geisler T., Janssen A., Scheiter D., Stephan T., Berndt J., Putnis A. Aqueous corrosion of borosilicate glass under acidic conditions: a new corrosion mechanism. J. NonCryst. Solids 2010, 356:1458-1465.
54. Gerald J.D.F., Parise J.B., Mackinnon I.D.R. Average structure of an An48 plagioclase from the Hogarth Ranges. Am. Mineral. 1986, 71:1399-1408.
55. Gibbs G.V. Molecules as models for bonding in silicates. Am. Mineral. 1982, 67:421-450.
56. Gibbs G.V., Wallace A.F., Cox D.F., Downs R.T., Ross N.L., Rosso K.M. Bonded interactions in silica polymorphs, silicates, and siloxane molecules. Am. Mineral. 2009, 94:1085-1102.
57. Gorrepati E.A., Wongthahan P., Raha S., Fogler H.S. Silica precipitation in acidic solutions: mechanism, pH effect, and salt effect. Langmuir 2010, 26:10467-10474.
58. Green E., Luttge A. Incongruent dissolution of wollastonite measured with vertical scanning interferometry. Am. Mineral. 2006, 91:430-434.
59. Hamilton J.P., Brantley S.L., Pantano C.G., Criscenti L.J., Kubicki J.D. Dissolution of nepheline, jadeite and albite glasses: toward better models for aluminosilicate dissolution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2001, 65:3683-3702.
60. Hamilton J.P., Pantano C.G., Brantley S.L. Dissolution of albite glass and crystal. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:2603-2615.
61. 2 under hydrothermal conditions. Chem. Geol. 2009, 265:88-98.
62. Hazen R.M., Navrotsky A. Effects of pressure on order-disorder reactions. Am. Mineral. 1996, 81:1021-1035.
63. Hellmann R. The albite-water system: Part I. The kinetics of dissolution as a function of pH at 100, 200 and 300 C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1994, 58:595-611.
64. Hellmann R. The albite-water system. 2. The time-evolution of the stoichiometry of dissolution as a function of pH at 100-degrees-C, 200-degrees-C, and 300-degrees-C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1995, 59:1669-1697.
65. Hellmann R. The albite-water system: Part IV. Diffusion modeling of leached and hydrogen-enriched layers. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:1595-1611.
66. Hellmann R., Dran J.-C., Della Mea G. The albite-water system: Part III. Characterization of leached and hydrogen-enriched layers formed at 300 C using MeV ion beam techniques. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:1575-1594.
67. Hellmann R., Penisson J.M., Hervig R.L., Thomassin J.H., Abrioux M.F. An EFTEM/HRTEM high-resolution study of the near surface of labradorite feldspar altered at acid pH: evidence for interfacial dissolution-reprecipitation. Phys. Chem. Miner. 2003, 30:192-197.
68. Hellmann R., Tisserand D. Dissolution kinetics as a function of the Gibbs free energy of reaction: an experimental study based on albite feldspar. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2006, 70:364-383.
69. Hellmann R., Wirth R., Daval D., Barnes J.-P., Penisson J.-M., Tisserand D., Epicier T., Florin B., Hervig R.L. Unifying natural and laboratory chemical weathering with interfacial dissolution-reprecipitation: a study based on the nanometer-scale chemistry of fluid-silicate interfaces. Chem. Geol. 2012, 294-295:203-216.
70. Hochella M. F. and Banfield J. F. (1995) Chemical weathering of silicates in nature: a microscopic perspective with theoreical considerations. In Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC. pp. 353-406.
71. Holdren G.R., Speyer P.M. Reaction rate-surface area relationships during the early stages of weathering. II. Data on eight additional feldspars. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1987, 51:2311-2318.
72. Houston J.R., Herberg J.L., Maxwell R.S., Carroll S.A. Association of dissolved aluminum with silica: connecting molecular structure to surface reactivity using NMR. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2008, 72:3326-3337.
73. Inskeep W.P., Nater E.A., Bloom P.R., Vandervoort D.S., Erich M.S. Characterization of laboratory weathered labradorite surfaces using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1991, 55:787-800.
74. Jordan G., Higgins S.R., Eggleston C.M., Swapp S.M., Janney D.E., Knauss K.G. Acidic dissolution of plagioclase: in-situ observations by hydrothermal atomic force microscopy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1999, 63:3183-3191.
75. Kameda J., Sugimori H., Murakami T. Modification to the crystal structure of chlorite during early stages of its dissolution. Phys. Chem. Miner. 2009, 36:537-544.
76. Kawano M., Tomita K. Geochemical modeling of bacterially induced mineralization of schwertmannite and jarosite in sulfuric acid spring water. Am. Mineral. 2001, 86:1156-1165.
77. Kendall T.A., Martin S.T. Water-induced reconstruction that affects mobile ions on the surface of calcite. J Phys. Chem. A 2006, 111:505-514.
78. King H.E., Plümper O., Putnis A. Effect of secondary phase formation on the carbonation of olivine. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:6503-6509.
79. Knauss K.G., Copenhaver S.A. The effect of malonate on the dissolution kinetics of albite, quartz, and microcline as a function of pH at 70 C. Appl. Geochem. 1995, 10:17-33.
80. Kroll H., Ribbe P.H. Determining (Al, Si) distribution and strain in alkali feldspars using lattice parameters and diffraction-peak positions; a review. Am. Mineral. 1987, 72:491-506.
81. Kubicki J.D. Transition state theory and molecular orbital calculations applied to rates and reaction mechanisms in geochemical kinetics. Kinetics of Water-Rock Interaction 2008, 39-72. Springer, New York City. S.L. Brantley, J.D. Kubicki, A.F. White (Eds.).
82. Kubicki J.D., Blake G.A., Apitz S.E. Ab initio calculations on aluminosilicate Q3 species: implications for atomic structures of mineral surfaces and dissolution mechanisms of feldspars. Am. Mineral. 1996, 81:789-799.
83. Kwon K.-Y., Wang E., Chung A., Chang N., Lee S.-W. Effect of salinity on hydroxyapatite dissolution studied by atomic force microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113:3369-3372.
84. Landau L.D., Lifshitz E.M. Statistical Physics 1980, Pergamon Press, UK, Oxford.
85. Larson A. C. and Dreele R. B. V. (2000) General structure analysis system (GSAS). Los Alamos National Laboratory Report LAUR. pp. 86-748.
86. Lasaga A.C., Luttge A. Variation of crystal dissolution rate based on a dissolution stepwave model. Science 2001, 291:2400-2404.
87. Lasaga A.C., Luttge A. Mineralogical approaches to fundamental crystal dissolution kinetics. Am. Mineral. 2004, 89:527-540.
88. Lee M.R., Hodson M.E., Brown D.J., MacKenzie M., Smith C.L. The composition and crystallinity of the near-surface regions of weathered alkali feldspars. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2008, 72:4962-4975.
89. Li Z., Luttge A. Theoretical approach to evaluating plagioclase dissolution mechanisms. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2009, 2832-2849.
90. Liu Y., Nekvasil H., Long H. Water dissolution in albite melts: constraints from ab initio NMR calculations. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2002, 66:4149-4163.
91. Lockwood G.K., Garofalini S.H. Bridging oxygen as a site for proton adsorption on the vitreous silica surface. J. Chem. Phys. 2009, 131:074703.
92. Luce R.W., Bartlett R.W., Parks G.A. Dissolution kinetics of magnesium silicates. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1972, 36:35-50.
93. Luttge A. Crystal dissolution kinetics and Gibbs free energy. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 2006, 150:248-259.
94. Luttge A., Bolton E.W., Lasaga A.C. An interferometric study of the dissolution kinetics of anorthite: the role of reactive surface area. Am. J. Sci. 1999, 299:652-678.
95. Makreski P., Jovanovski G., Kaitner B. Minerals from Macedonia. XXIV. Spectra-structure characterization of tectosilicates. J. Mol. Struct. 2009, 924-926:413-419.
96. Manning D.A.C., Gestsdóttir K., Rae E.I.C. Feldspar dissolution in the presence of organic acid anions under diagenetic conditions: an experimental study. Org. Geochem. 1992, 19:483-492.
97. 2O system: results from solution chemistry and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2011, 75:6080-6093.
98. Megaw H.D. Order and disorder in the feldspars, I. Mineral. Mag. 1959, 32:226-241.
99. Menna M., Tribaudino M., Renzulli A. Al-Si order and spinodal decomposition texture of a sanidine from igneous clasts of Stromboli (southern Italy): insights into the timing between the emplacement of a shallow basic sheet intrusion and the eruption of related ejecta. Eur. J. Mineral. 2008, 20:183-190.
100. Mogk D.W. Application of Auger Electron Spectroscopy to studies of chemical weathering. Rev. Geophys. 1990, 28:337-356.
101. Morrow C.P., Nangia S., Garrison B.J. Ab initio investigation of dissolution mechanisms in aluminosilicate minerals. J. Phys. Chem. A 2009, 113:1343-1352.
102. Muir I.J., Michael Bancroft G., Shotyk W., Wayne Nesbitt H. A SIMS and XPS study of dissolving plagioclase. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1990, 54:2247-2256.
103. Muir I.J., Michael Bancroft G., Wayne Nesbitt H. Characteristics of altered labradorite surfaces by SIMS and XPS. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1989, 53:1235-1241.
104. Murakami T., Kogure T., Kadohara H., Ohnuki T. Formation of secondary minerals and its effect on anorthite dissolution. Am. Mineral. 1998, 83:1209-1219.
105. Murphy W.M., Helgeson H.C. Surface exchange and the hydrolysis of feldspar. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1989, 53. 559-559.
106. Nash V. E. and Marshall C. E. (1956) The surface reactions of silicate minerals. Part II, Reactions of feldspar surfaces with salt solutions. University of Missouri, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia, MO.
107. Nesbitt H.W., Muir I.J. SIMS depth profiles of weathered plagioclase and processes affecting dissolved Al and Si in some acidic soil solutions. Nature 1988, 334:336-338.
108. Nugent M.A., Brantley S.L., Pantano C.G., Maurice P.A. The influence of natural mineral coatings on feldspar weathering. Nature 1998, 395:588-591.
109. Oelkers E.H. General kinetic description of multioxide silicate mineral and glass dissolution. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2001, 65:3703-3719.
110. Oelkers E.H., Golubev S.V., Chairat C., Pokrovsky O.S., Schott J. The surface chemistry of multi-oxide silicates. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2009, 73:4617-4634.
111. Oelkers E.H., Schott J. Experimental study of anorthite dissolution and the relative mechanism of feldspar hydrolysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1995, 59:5039-5053.
112. Ohlin C.A., Villa E.M., Rustad J.R., Casey W.H. Dissolution of insulating oxide materials at the molecular scale. Nat. Mater. 2010, 9:11-19.
113. Oxburgh R., Drever J.I., Sun Y.-T. Mechanism of plagioclase dissolution in acid solution at 25 C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1994, 58:661-669.
114. Paces T. Steady-state kinetics and equilibrium between ground water and granitic rock. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1973, 37:2641-2663.
115. Petit J.C., Dran J.C., Paccagnella A., Della Mea G. Structural dependence of crystalline silicate hydration during aqueous dissolution. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1989, 93:292-298.
116. Petrovic R., Berner R.A., Goldhaber M.B. Rate control in dissolution of alkali feldspars-I. Study of residual feldspar grains by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1976, 40:537-548.
117. Phillips M.W., Ribbe P.H. The structures of monoclinic potassium-rich feldspars. Am. Mineral. 1973, 58:263-270.
118. Pokrovski G.S., Schott J., Harrichoury J.C., Sergeyev A.S. The stability of aluminum silicate complexes in acidic solutions from 25 to 150 C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1996, 60:2495-2501.
119. Pokrovsky O.S., Schott J. Kinetics and mechanism of forsterite dissolution at 25 C and pH from 1 to 12. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:3313-3325.
120. Prewitt C.T., Sueno S., Papike J.J. The crystal structures of high albite and monalbite at high temperatures T=24 deg C. Am. Mineral. 1976, 61:1213-1225.
121. Putnis A. Mineral replacement reactions. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 2009, 70:87-124.
122. Ribbe P.H. The structure of a strained intermediate microcline in cryptoperthitic association with twinned plagioclase. Am. Mineral. 1979, 64:402-408.
123. Ribbe P.H. Average structures of alkali and plagioclase feldspars: systematics and applications. Feldspars and Feldspathoids 1984, 1-54. Springer.
124. Ribbe P.H. The crystal structure of the aluminum-silicate feldspars. Feldspars and Their Reactions 1993, 1-49. Springer. I. Parson (Ed.).
125. Rimstidt J.D., Dove P.M. Mineral/solution reaction rates in a mixed flow reactor: wollastonite hydrolysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1986, 50:2509-2516.
126. Ruiz-Agudo E., Putnis C.V., Jiménez-López C., Rodriguez-Navarro C. An atomic force microscopy study of calcite dissolution in saline solutions: the role of magnesium ions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2009, 73:3201-3217.
127. Ruiz-Agudo E., Putnis C.V., Rodriguez-Navarro C., Putnis A. Mechanism of leached layer formation during chemical weathering of silicate minerals. Geology 2012, 40:947-950.
128. Ruiz-Agudo E., Urosevic M., Putnis C.V., Rodríguez-Navarro C., Cardell C., Putnis A. Ion-specific effects on the kinetics of mineral dissolution. Chem. Geol. 2011, 281:364-371.
129. Salje E.K.H. Phase transitions and vibrational spectroscopy in feldspars. Feldspars and Their Reactions 1993, 103-160. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. I. Parsons (Ed.).
130. Samson S.D., Eggleston C.M. Active sites and the non-steady-state dissolution of hematite. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32:2871-2875.
131. 3 at pH 3 and pH 6. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:3675-3683.
132. Samson S.D., Stillings L.L., Eggleston C.M. The depletion and regeneration of dissolution-active sites at the mineral-water interface: I. Fe, Al, and In sesquioxides. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:3471-3484.
133. Satoh H., Nishimura Y., Tsukamoto K., Ueda A., Kato K., Ueta S. In-situ measurement of dissolution of anorthite in Na-Cl-OH solutions at 22 C using phase-shift interferometry. Am. Mineral. 2007, 92:503-509.
134. Schott J., Berner R. Dissolution mechanisms of pyroxenes and olivines during weathering. The Chemistry of Weathering 1985, 35-53. Springer, Netherlands. J. Drever (Ed.).
135. Schott J., Berner R.A. X-ray photoelectron studies of the mechanism of iron silicate dissolution during weathering. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1983, 47:2233-2240.
136. Schott J., Oelkers E.H. Dissolution and crystallization rates of silicate minerals as a function of chemical affinity. Pure Appl. Chem. 1995, 67:903-910.
137. Schott J., Pokrovsky O.S., Oelkers E.H. The link between mineral dissolution/precipitation kinetics and solution chemistry. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 2009, 70:207-258.
138. Schweda P., Sjöberg L., Södervall U. Near-surface composition of acid-leached labradorite investigated by SIMS. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:1985-1994.
139. 2 underground sequestration. Appl. Geochem. 2007, 22:2795-2809.
140. 2-water system. Am. Mineral. 2010, 95:853-862.
141. Stebbins J.F., Zhao P., Lee S.K., Cheng X. Reactive Al-O-Al sites in a natural zeolite; triple-quantum oxygen-17 nuclear magnetic resonance. Am. Mineral. 1999, 84:1680-1684.
142. Stillings L.L., Drever J.I., Brantley S.L., Sun Y.T., Oxburgh R. Rates of feldspar dissolution at pH 3-7 with 0-8mM oxalic acid. Chem. Geol. 1996, 132:79-89.
143. Szenknect S., Mesbah A., Horlait D., Clavier N., Dourdain S., Ravaux J., Dacheux N. Kinetics of structural and microstructural changes at the solid/solution interface during dissolution of cerium(IV)-neodymium(III) oxides. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116:12027-12037.
144. Taylor A.S., Blum J.D., Lasaga A.C. The dependence of labradorite dissolution and Sr isotope release rates on solution saturation state. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:2389-2400.
145. Teng H.H., Fenter P., Cheng L., Sturchio N.C. Resolving orthoclase dissolution processes with atomic force microscopy and X-ray reflectivity. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2001, 65:3459-3474.
146. Toby B.H. EXPGUI, a graphical user interface for GSAS. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 2001, 210-213.
147. Tsomaia N., Brantley S.L., Hamilton J.P., Pantano C.G., Mueller K.T. NMR evidence for formation of octahedral and tetrahedral Al and repolymerization of the Si network during dissolution of aluminosilicate glass and crystal. Am. Mineral. 2003, 88:54-67.
148. Wang J., Toby B.H., Lee P.L., Ribaud L., Antao S.M., Kurtz C., Ramanathan M., Von Dreele R.B., Beno M.A. A dedicated powder diffraction beamline at the advanced photon source: commissioning and early operational results. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2008, 79:85105-85107.
149. Weissbart E.J., Rimstidt J.D. Wollastonite: incongruent dissolution and leached layer formation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:4007-4016.
150. Welch S.A., Ullman W.J. The effect of organic acids on plagioclase dissolution rates and stoichiometry. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1993, 57:2725-2736.
151. Welch S.A., Ullman W.J. The temperature dependence of bytownite feldspar dissolution in neutral aqueous solutions of inorganic and organic ligands at low temperature (5-35 C). Chem. Geol. 2000, 167:337-354.
152. Wenk H.-R., Joswig W., Tagai T., Korekawa M., Smith B.K. The average structure of An 62-66 labradorite. Am. Mineral. 1980, 65:81-95.
153. White A.F., Brantley S.L. Chemical weathering rates of silicate minerals: an overview. Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals 1995, 1-22. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC. A.F. White, S.L. Brantley (Eds.).
154. Williams J.Z., Bandstra J.Z., Pollard D., Brantley S.L. The temperature dependence of feldspar dissolution determined using a coupled weathering-climate model for Holocene-aged loess soils. Geoderma 2010, 156:11-19.
155. Wollast R. Kinetics of the alteration of K-feldspar in buffered solutions at low temperature. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1967, 31:635-648.
156. Wu J., Veblen D.R. Characterization of Al-Si ordering state in an alkali feldspar using atom location by channeling-enhanced microanalysis (ALCHEMI). Am. Mineral. 2011, 95:41-46.
157. Xiang Y., Du J. Effect of strontium substitution on the structure of 45S5 bioglasses. Chem. Mater. 2011, 23:2703-2717.
158. +) catalysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1994, 58:5379-5400.
159. Xiao Y., Lasaga A.C. Ab initio quantum mechanical studies of the kinetics and mechanisms of quartz dissolution: OH- catalysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1996, 60:2283-2295.
160. Xie Z., Walther J.V. Dissolution stoichiometry and adsorption of alkali and alkaline earth elements to the acid-reacted wollastonite surface at 25 C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1994, 58:2587-2598.
161. Xu Z., Stebbins J.F. Oxygen site exchange kinetics observed with solid state NMR in a natural zeolite. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1998, 62:1803-1809.
162. Yang C., Samper J., Zhu C., Jones S. Numerical modeling of the development of a preferentially leached layer on feldspar surfaces. Environ. Geol. 2009, 57:1639-1647.
163. Yang, Y., Min, Y., Jun, Y.-S., 2013a. Effects of Al/Si Ordering on Feldspar Dissolution: Part II. The pH Dependence of Plagioclases's Dissolution Rates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, (Submitted).
164. Yang Y., Min Y., Jun Y.-S. A mechanistic understanding of plagioclase dissolution based on Al occupancy and T-O bond length: from geologic carbon sequestration to ambient conditions. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15:18491-18501.
165. Yang Y., Min Y., Jun Y.-S. Structure-dependent interactions between alkali feldspars and organic compounds: implications for reactions in geologic carbon sequestration. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 47:150-158.
166. 2 sequestration conditions. Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4:4596-4606.
167. Zavitsas A.A. The relation between bond lengths and dissociation energies of carbon-carbon bonds. J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107:897-898.
168. Zhang L., Luttge A. Aluminosilicate dissolution kinetics: a general stochastic model. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112:1736-1742.
169. Zhang M., Salje E.K.H., Carpenter M.A., Parsons I., Kroll H., Reed S.J.B., Graeme-Barber A. Exsolution and Al-Si disorder in alkali feldspars: their analysis by infrared spectroscopy. Am. Mineral. 1997, 82:849-857.
170. Zhang M., Wruck B., Barber A.G., Salje E.K.H., Carpenter M.A. Phonon-spectroscopy on alkali-feldspars: phase transitions and solid solutions. Am. Mineral. 1996, 81.
171. Zhu C. In situ feldspar dissolution rates in an aquifer. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2005, 69:1435-1453.
172. Zhu C., Lu P. Alkali feldspar dissolution and secondary mineral precipitation in batch systems: 3. Saturation states of product minerals and reaction paths. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2009, 73:3171-3200.
173. Zhu C., Lu P., Zheng Z., Ganor J. Coupled alkali feldspar dissolution and secondary mineral precipitation in batch systems: 4. Numerical modeling of kinetic reaction paths. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2010, 74:3963-3983.
174. Zhu C., Veblen D.R., Blum A.E., Chipera S.J. Naturally weathered feldspar surfaces in the Navajo Sandstone aquifer, Black Mesa, Arizona: electron microscopic characterization. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2006, 70:4600-4616.