메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 86, Issue , 2014, Pages 19-27

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a tool to study the role of GABA in motor-cortical plasticity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID;

EID: 84891628267     PISSN: 10538119     EISSN: 10959572     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.009     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (109)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 84856305812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related change in brain metabolite abnormalities in autism: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies
    • Aoki Y., Kasai K., Yamasue H. Age-related change in brain metabolite abnormalities in autism: a meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. Transl Psychiatry 2012, 2(e69):1-12.
    • (2012) Transl Psychiatry , vol.2 E , Issue.69 , pp. 1-12
    • Aoki, Y.1    Kasai, K.2    Yamasue, H.3
  • 3
    • 77957850258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in subconscious motor control predicted by GABA concentration in SMA
    • Boy F., Evans C.J., Edden R.A., Singh K.D., Husain M., Sumner P. Individual differences in subconscious motor control predicted by GABA concentration in SMA. Curr. Biol. 2010, 20:1779-1785.
    • (2010) Curr. Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 1779-1785
    • Boy, F.1    Evans, C.J.2    Edden, R.A.3    Singh, K.D.4    Husain, M.5    Sumner, P.6
  • 4
    • 80053989422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dorsolateral prefrontal γ-aminobutyric acid in men predicts individual differences in rash impulsivity
    • Boy F., Evans C., Edden R., Lawrence A., Singh K., Husain M., Sumner P. Dorsolateral prefrontal γ-aminobutyric acid in men predicts individual differences in rash impulsivity. Biol. Psychiatry 2011, 70:866-872.
    • (2011) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 866-872
    • Boy, F.1    Evans, C.2    Edden, R.3    Lawrence, A.4    Singh, K.5    Husain, M.6    Sumner, P.7
  • 5
    • 0029064646 scopus 로고
    • Different forms of synaptic plasticity in somatosensory and motor areas of the neocortex
    • Castro-Alamancos M., Donoghue J., Connors B. Different forms of synaptic plasticity in somatosensory and motor areas of the neocortex. J. Neurosci. 1995, 15:5324-5333.
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 5324-5333
    • Castro-Alamancos, M.1    Donoghue, J.2    Connors, B.3
  • 6
    • 79960295289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) produces localized and specific alterations in neurochemistry: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
    • Clark V.P., Coffman B.A., Trumbo M.C., Gasparovic C. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) produces localized and specific alterations in neurochemistry: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Neurosci. Lett. 2011, 500:67-71.
    • (2011) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.500 , pp. 67-71
    • Clark, V.P.1    Coffman, B.A.2    Trumbo, M.C.3    Gasparovic, C.4
  • 9
    • 72449167471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orientation discrimination performance is predicted by GABA concentration and gamma oscillation frequency in human primary visual cortex
    • Edden R.A., Muthukumaraswamy S.D., Freeman T.C., Singh K.D. Orientation discrimination performance is predicted by GABA concentration and gamma oscillation frequency in human primary visual cortex. J. Neurosci. 2009, 29:15721-15726.
    • (2009) J. Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 15721-15726
    • Edden, R.A.1    Muthukumaraswamy, S.D.2    Freeman, T.C.3    Singh, K.D.4
  • 11
    • 14844323722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations on an inhibitory theme: phasic and tonic activation of GABA(A) receptors
    • Farrant M., Nusser Z. Variations on an inhibitory theme: phasic and tonic activation of GABA(A) receptors. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2005, 6:215-229.
    • (2005) Nat. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.6 , pp. 215-229
    • Farrant, M.1    Nusser, Z.2
  • 13
    • 67651030409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synaptic mechanisms for plasticity in neocortex
    • Feldman D.E. Synaptic mechanisms for plasticity in neocortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2009, 32:33-55.
    • (2009) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.32 , pp. 33-55
    • Feldman, D.E.1
  • 14
    • 0036200365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two phases of intracortical inhibition revealed by transcranial magnetic threshold tracking
    • Fisher R.J., Nakamura Y., Bestmann S., Rothwellt J.C., Bostock H. Two phases of intracortical inhibition revealed by transcranial magnetic threshold tracking. Exp. Brain Res. 2002, 143:240-248.
    • (2002) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.143 , pp. 240-248
    • Fisher, R.J.1    Nakamura, Y.2    Bestmann, S.3    Rothwellt, J.C.4    Bostock, H.5
  • 15
    • 69549133404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABA and cortical inhibition in motor and non-motor regions using combined TMS-EEG: a time analysis
    • Fitzgerald P.B., Maller J.J., Hoy K., Farzan F., Daskalakis Z.J. GABA and cortical inhibition in motor and non-motor regions using combined TMS-EEG: a time analysis. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2009, 120:1706-1710.
    • (2009) Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.120 , pp. 1706-1710
    • Fitzgerald, P.B.1    Maller, J.J.2    Hoy, K.3    Farzan, F.4    Daskalakis, Z.J.5
  • 16
    • 33646014139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid modulation of GABA concentration in human sensorimotor cortex during motor learning
    • Floyer-Lea A., Wylezinska M., Kincses T., Matthews P.M. Rapid modulation of GABA concentration in human sensorimotor cortex during motor learning. J. Neurophysiol. 2006, 95:1639-1644.
    • (2006) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.95 , pp. 1639-1644
    • Floyer-Lea, A.1    Wylezinska, M.2    Kincses, T.3    Matthews, P.M.4
  • 19
    • 33745968282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive brain stimulation: a new strategy to improve neurorehabilitation after stroke?
    • Hummel F.C., Cohen L.G. Non-invasive brain stimulation: a new strategy to improve neurorehabilitation after stroke?. Lancet Neurol. 2006, 5:708-712.
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol. , vol.5 , pp. 708-712
    • Hummel, F.C.1    Cohen, L.G.2
  • 20
    • 15044348999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke
    • Hummel F., Celnik P., Giraux P., Floel A., Wu W.H., Gerloff C., Cohen L.G. Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke. Brain 2005, 128:490-499.
    • (2005) Brain , vol.128 , pp. 490-499
    • Hummel, F.1    Celnik, P.2    Giraux, P.3    Floel, A.4    Wu, W.H.5    Gerloff, C.6    Cohen, L.G.7
  • 22
    • 66149129196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficient intracortical inhibition (SICI) during movement preparation after chronic stroke
    • Hummel F.C., Steven B., Hoppe J., Heise K., Thomalla G., Cohen L.G., Gerloff C. Deficient intracortical inhibition (SICI) during movement preparation after chronic stroke. Neurology 2009, 72:1766-1772.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , pp. 1766-1772
    • Hummel, F.C.1    Steven, B.2    Hoppe, J.3    Heise, K.4    Thomalla, G.5    Cohen, L.G.6    Gerloff, C.7
  • 23
    • 0030998557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between patterns of horizontal connectivity and the extend of short-term representational plasticity in rat motor cortex
    • Huntley G.W. Correlation between patterns of horizontal connectivity and the extend of short-term representational plasticity in rat motor cortex. Cereb. Cortex 1997, 7:143-156.
    • (1997) Cereb. Cortex , vol.7 , pp. 143-156
    • Huntley, G.W.1
  • 24
    • 0037112547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-interval paired-pulse inhibition and facilitation of human motor cortex: the dimension of stimulus intensity
    • Ilić T.V., Meintzschel F., Cleff U., Ruge D., Kessler K.R., Ziemann U. Short-interval paired-pulse inhibition and facilitation of human motor cortex: the dimension of stimulus intensity. J. Physiol. 2002, 545:153-167.
    • (2002) J. Physiol. , vol.545 , pp. 153-167
    • Ilić, T.V.1    Meintzschel, F.2    Cleff, U.3    Ruge, D.4    Kessler, K.R.5    Ziemann, U.6
  • 25
    • 84862873204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanism for value-guided choice based on the excitation-inhibition balance in prefrontal cortex
    • Jocham G., Hunt L.T., Near J., Behrens T.E. A mechanism for value-guided choice based on the excitation-inhibition balance in prefrontal cortex. Nat. Neurosci. 2012, 15:960-961.
    • (2012) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 960-961
    • Jocham, G.1    Hunt, L.T.2    Near, J.3    Behrens, T.E.4
  • 26
    • 26844563950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated data acquisition and processing to determine metabolite contents, relaxation times, and macromolecule baseline in single examinations of individual subjects
    • Kreis R., Slotboom J., Hofmann L., Boesch C. Integrated data acquisition and processing to determine metabolite contents, relaxation times, and macromolecule baseline in single examinations of individual subjects. Magn. Reson. Med. 2005, 54:761-768.
    • (2005) Magn. Reson. Med. , vol.54 , pp. 761-768
    • Kreis, R.1    Slotboom, J.2    Hofmann, L.3    Boesch, C.4
  • 28
    • 84862898614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity-dependent regulation of inhibition via GAD67
    • Lau C., Murthy V. Activity-dependent regulation of inhibition via GAD67. J. Neurosci. 2012, 32:8521-8531.
    • (2012) J. Neurosci. , vol.32 , pp. 8521-8531
    • Lau, C.1    Murthy, V.2
  • 29
    • 0036896753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid modulation of GABA in sensorimotor cortex induced by acute deafferentation
    • Levy L.M., Ziemann U., Chen R., Cohen L.G. Rapid modulation of GABA in sensorimotor cortex induced by acute deafferentation. Ann. Neurol. 2002, 52:755-761.
    • (2002) Ann. Neurol. , vol.52 , pp. 755-761
    • Levy, L.M.1    Ziemann, U.2    Chen, R.3    Cohen, L.G.4
  • 30
    • 76749152469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bihemispheric brain stimulation facilitates motor recovery in chronic stroke patients
    • Lindenberg R., Renga V., Zhu L., Nair D., Schlaug G. Bihemispheric brain stimulation facilitates motor recovery in chronic stroke patients. Neurology 2010, 74:280-287.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.74 , pp. 280-287
    • Lindenberg, R.1    Renga, V.2    Zhu, L.3    Nair, D.4    Schlaug, G.5
  • 31
    • 81055126607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monocular visual deprivation suppresses excitability in adult human visual cortex
    • Lou A., Madsen K., Paulson O., Julian H., Prause J., Siebner H., Kjaer T. Monocular visual deprivation suppresses excitability in adult human visual cortex. Cereb. Cortex 2011, 21:2876-2882.
    • (2011) Cereb. Cortex , vol.21 , pp. 2876-2882
    • Lou, A.1    Madsen, K.2    Paulson, O.3    Julian, H.4    Prause, J.5    Siebner, H.6    Kjaer, T.7
  • 32
    • 0029827457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rate of turnover of cortical GABA from [1-13C]glucose is reduced in rats treated with the GABA-transaminase inhibitor vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA)
    • Manor D., Rothman D.L., Mason G.F., Hyder F., Petroff O.A., Behar K.L. The rate of turnover of cortical GABA from [1-13C]glucose is reduced in rats treated with the GABA-transaminase inhibitor vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA). Neurochem. Res. 1996, 21:1031-1041.
    • (1996) Neurochem. Res. , vol.21 , pp. 1031-1041
    • Manor, D.1    Rothman, D.L.2    Mason, G.F.3    Hyder, F.4    Petroff, O.A.5    Behar, K.L.6
  • 34
    • 0027395911 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis in the brain
    • Martin D.L., Rimvall K. Regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis in the brain. J. Neurochem. 1993, 60:395-407.
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.60 , pp. 395-407
    • Martin, D.L.1    Rimvall, K.2
  • 35
    • 0035964893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decrease in GABA synthesis rate in rat cortex following GABA-transaminase inhibition correlates with the decrease in GAD(67) protein
    • Mason G.F., Martin D.L., Martin S.B., Manor D., Sibson N.R., Patel A., Rothman D.L., Behar K.L. Decrease in GABA synthesis rate in rat cortex following GABA-transaminase inhibition correlates with the decrease in GAD(67) protein. Brain Res. 2001, 914:81-91.
    • (2001) Brain Res. , vol.914 , pp. 81-91
    • Mason, G.F.1    Martin, D.L.2    Martin, S.B.3    Manor, D.4    Sibson, N.R.5    Patel, A.6    Rothman, D.L.7    Behar, K.L.8
  • 36
    • 33746218302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of GABA(B) receptors in intracortical inhibition in the human motor cortex
    • McDonnell M.N., Orekhov Y., Ziemann U. The role of GABA(B) receptors in intracortical inhibition in the human motor cortex. Exp. Brain Res. 2006, 173:86-93.
    • (2006) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.173 , pp. 86-93
    • McDonnell, M.N.1    Orekhov, Y.2    Ziemann, U.3
  • 37
    • 67049169082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR spectroscopy of the human brain with enhanced signal intensity at ultrashort echo times on a clinical platform at 3T and 7T
    • Mekle R., Mlynárik V., Gambarota G., Hergt M., Krueger G., Gruetter R. MR spectroscopy of the human brain with enhanced signal intensity at ultrashort echo times on a clinical platform at 3T and 7T. Magn. Reson. Med. 2009, 61:1279-1285.
    • (2009) Magn. Reson. Med. , vol.61 , pp. 1279-1285
    • Mekle, R.1    Mlynárik, V.2    Gambarota, G.3    Hergt, M.4    Krueger, G.5    Gruetter, R.6
  • 40
    • 84877762346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of late LTP-like plasticity in the humanmotor cortex by repeated non-invasive brain stimulation. Brain Stimul
    • in press (Electronic publication ahead of print).
    • Monte-Silva, K., Kuo, M.F., Hessenthaler, S., Fresnoza, S., Liebetanz, D., Paulus,W., Nitsche, M.A., in press. Induction of late LTP-like plasticity in the humanmotor cortex by repeated non-invasive brain stimulation. Brain Stimul. (Electronic publication ahead of print). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2012.04.011.
    • Monte-Silva, K.1    Kuo, M.F.2    Hessenthaler, S.3    Fresnoza, S.4    Liebetanz, D.5    Paulus, W.6    Nitsche, M.A.7
  • 41
    • 66249088002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting GABA concentration predicts peak gamma frequency and fMRI amplitude in response to visual stimulation in humans
    • Muthukumaraswamy S.D., Edden R.A., Jones D.K., Swettenham J.B., Singh K.D. Resting GABA concentration predicts peak gamma frequency and fMRI amplitude in response to visual stimulation in humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106:8356-8361.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.106 , pp. 8356-8361
    • Muthukumaraswamy, S.D.1    Edden, R.A.2    Jones, D.K.3    Swettenham, J.B.4    Singh, K.D.5
  • 42
    • 84855942686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual variability in the shape and amplitude of the BOLD-HRF correlates with endogenous GABAergic inhibition
    • Muthukumaraswamy S.D., Evans C.J., Edden R.A.E., Wise R.G., Singh K.D. Individual variability in the shape and amplitude of the BOLD-HRF correlates with endogenous GABAergic inhibition. Hum Brain Mapp. 2012, 33:455-465.
    • (2012) Hum Brain Mapp. , vol.33 , pp. 455-465
    • Muthukumaraswamy, S.D.1    Evans, C.J.2    Edden, R.A.E.3    Wise, R.G.4    Singh, K.D.5
  • 43
    • 34548728082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short interval intracortical inhibition and facilitation during the silent period in human
    • Ni Z., Gunraj C., Chen R. Short interval intracortical inhibition and facilitation during the silent period in human. J. Physiol. 2007, 583:971-982.
    • (2007) J. Physiol. , vol.583 , pp. 971-982
    • Ni, Z.1    Gunraj, C.2    Chen, R.3
  • 44
    • 0034666046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation
    • Nitsche M., Paulus W. Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. J. Physiol. 2000, 527:633-639.
    • (2000) J. Physiol. , vol.527 , pp. 633-639
    • Nitsche, M.1    Paulus, W.2
  • 45
    • 0035960657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans
    • Nitsche M.A., Paulus W. Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans. Neurology 2001, 57:1899-1901.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 1899-1901
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Paulus, W.2
  • 46
    • 0942263512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of cortical excitability by weak direct current stimulation - technical, safety and functional aspects
    • Nitsche M., Liebetanz D., Antal A., Lang N., Tergau F., Paulus W. Modulation of cortical excitability by weak direct current stimulation - technical, safety and functional aspects. Suppl. Clin. Neurophysiol. 2003, 56:255-276.
    • (2003) Suppl. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.56 , pp. 255-276
    • Nitsche, M.1    Liebetanz, D.2    Antal, A.3    Lang, N.4    Tergau, F.5    Paulus, W.6
  • 48
    • 81255175422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy of GABA: a methodological review
    • Puts N.A.J., Edden R.A.E. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy of GABA: a methodological review. Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. 2012, 60:29-41.
    • (2012) Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. , vol.60 , pp. 29-41
    • Puts, N.A.J.1    Edden, R.A.E.2
  • 49
    • 81255188947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regionally specific human GABA concentration correlates with tactile discrimination thresholds
    • Puts N., Edden R., Evans C., McGlone F., McGonigle D. Regionally specific human GABA concentration correlates with tactile discrimination thresholds. J. Neurosci. 2011, 31:16556-16560.
    • (2011) J. Neurosci. , vol.31 , pp. 16556-16560
    • Puts, N.1    Edden, R.2    Evans, C.3    McGlone, F.4    McGonigle, D.5
  • 51
    • 35948975778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential modulation of motor cortical plasticity and excitability in early and late phases of human motor learning
    • Rosenkranz K., Kacar A., Rothwell J.C. Differential modulation of motor cortical plasticity and excitability in early and late phases of human motor learning. J. Neurosci. 2007, 27:12058-12066.
    • (2007) J. Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 12058-12066
    • Rosenkranz, K.1    Kacar, A.2    Rothwell, J.C.3
  • 52
    • 0041665220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two phases of short-interval intracortical inhibition
    • Roshan L., Paradiso G.O., Chen R. Two phases of short-interval intracortical inhibition. Exp. Brain Res. 2003, 151:330-337.
    • (2003) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.151 , pp. 330-337
    • Roshan, L.1    Paradiso, G.O.2    Chen, R.3
  • 54
    • 0035873735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bidirectional dopamine modulation of GABAergic inhibition in prefrontal cortical pyramidal neurons
    • Seamans J.K., Gorelova N., Durstewitz D., Yang C.R. Bidirectional dopamine modulation of GABAergic inhibition in prefrontal cortical pyramidal neurons. J. Neurosci. 2001, 21:3628-3638.
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. , vol.21 , pp. 3628-3638
    • Seamans, J.K.1    Gorelova, N.2    Durstewitz, D.3    Yang, C.R.4
  • 56
    • 79952159949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological basis of transcranial direct current stimulation
    • Stagg C.J., Nitsche M. Physiological basis of transcranial direct current stimulation. Neuroscientist 2011, 17:37-53.
    • (2011) Neuroscientist , vol.17 , pp. 37-53
    • Stagg, C.J.1    Nitsche, M.2
  • 59
    • 77956333492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with epilepsy are associated with low cortical GABA levels
    • Stagg C.J., Lang B., Best J.G., McKnight K., Cavey A., Johansen-Berg H., Vincent A., Palace J. Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in patients with epilepsy are associated with low cortical GABA levels. Epilepsia 2010, 51:1898-1901.
    • (2010) Epilepsia , vol.51 , pp. 1898-1901
    • Stagg, C.J.1    Lang, B.2    Best, J.G.3    McKnight, K.4    Cavey, A.5    Johansen-Berg, H.6    Vincent, A.7    Palace, J.8
  • 62
    • 84857090227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What are we measuring with GABA magnetic resonance spectroscopy?
    • Stagg C.J., Bachtiar V., Johansen-Berg H. What are we measuring with GABA magnetic resonance spectroscopy?. Commun. Integr. Biol. 2011, 4:573-575.
    • (2011) Commun. Integr. Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 573-575
    • Stagg, C.J.1    Bachtiar, V.2    Johansen-Berg, H.3
  • 64
    • 77954144772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More GABA, less distraction: a neurochemical predictor of motor decision speed
    • Sumner P., Edden R.A.E., Bompas A., Evans C.J., Singh K.D. More GABA, less distraction: a neurochemical predictor of motor decision speed. Nat. Neurosci. 2010, 13:825-827.
    • (2010) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 825-827
    • Sumner, P.1    Edden, R.A.E.2    Bompas, A.3    Evans, C.J.4    Singh, K.D.5
  • 65
    • 84861814934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of effect of ketamine on cortical glutamate and glutamine in healthy volunteers: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
    • Taylor M.J., Tiangga E.R., Mhuircheartaigh R.N., Cowen P.J. Lack of effect of ketamine on cortical glutamate and glutamine in healthy volunteers: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J. Psychopharmacol. 2012, 26:733-737.
    • (2012) J. Psychopharmacol. , vol.26 , pp. 733-737
    • Taylor, M.J.1    Tiangga, E.R.2    Mhuircheartaigh, R.N.3    Cowen, P.J.4
  • 66
    • 0033986152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAergic modulation of neocortical long-term potentiation in the freely moving rat
    • Trepel C., Racine R.J. GABAergic modulation of neocortical long-term potentiation in the freely moving rat. Synapse 2000, 35:120-128.
    • (2000) Synapse , vol.35 , pp. 120-128
    • Trepel, C.1    Racine, R.J.2
  • 67
    • 0033152605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects on motorcortical inhibition induced by blockade of GABA uptake in humans
    • Werhahn K.J., Kunesch E., Noachtar S., Benecke R., Classen J. Differential effects on motorcortical inhibition induced by blockade of GABA uptake in humans. J. Physiol. 1999, 517:591-597.
    • (1999) J. Physiol. , vol.517 , pp. 591-597
    • Werhahn, K.J.1    Kunesch, E.2    Noachtar, S.3    Benecke, R.4    Classen, J.5
  • 69
    • 0030000616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of lorazepam on the motor cortical excitability in man
    • Ziemann U., Lönnecker S., Steinhoff B.J., Paulus W. The effect of lorazepam on the motor cortical excitability in man. Exp. Brain Res. 1996, 109:127-135.
    • (1996) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.109 , pp. 127-135
    • Ziemann, U.1    Lönnecker, S.2    Steinhoff, B.J.3    Paulus, W.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.