메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 56, Issue C, 2003, Pages 255-276

Chapter 27 Modulation of cortical excitability by weak direct current stimulation - technical, safety and functional aspects

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0942263512     PISSN: 1567424X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1567-424X(09)70230-2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (530)

References (68)
  • 2
    • 0023209822 scopus 로고
    • Considerations for safety in the use of extracranial stimulation for motor evoked potentials
    • Agnew W.F., and McCreery D.B. Considerations for safety in the use of extracranial stimulation for motor evoked potentials. Neurosurgery 20 (1987) 143-147
    • (1987) Neurosurgery , vol.20 , pp. 143-147
    • Agnew, W.F.1    McCreery, D.B.2
  • 4
    • 0035900332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • External modulation of visual perception in humans
    • Antal A., Nitsche M.A., and Paulus W. External modulation of visual perception in humans. Neuroreport 12 (2001) 3553-3555
    • (2001) Neuroreport , vol.12 , pp. 3553-3555
    • Antal, A.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Paulus, W.3
  • 5
    • 0037606081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manipulation of phosphene thresholds by transcranial direct current stimulation in man
    • Antal A., Kincses Z.T., Nitsche M.A., and Paulus W. Manipulation of phosphene thresholds by transcranial direct current stimulation in man. Exp. Brain Res. 150 (2003) 375-378
    • (2003) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.150 , pp. 375-378
    • Antal, A.1    Kincses, Z.T.2    Nitsche, M.A.3    Paulus, W.4
  • 6
    • 0035144127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional modulation of BOLD MRI responses to human sensorimotor activation by transcranial direct current stimulation
    • Baudewig J., Nitsche M.A., Fahm J., and Paulus W. Regional modulation of BOLD MRI responses to human sensorimotor activation by transcranial direct current stimulation. Magn. Reson. Med. 45 (2001) 196-201
    • (2001) Magn. Reson. Med. , vol.45 , pp. 196-201
    • Baudewig, J.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Fahm, J.3    Paulus, W.4
  • 7
    • 0033990464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The concept of long term potentiation of transmission at synapses
    • Bennett M.R. The concept of long term potentiation of transmission at synapses. Progr. Neurobiol. 60 (2000) 109-137
    • (2000) Progr. Neurobiol. , vol.60 , pp. 109-137
    • Bennett, M.R.1
  • 8
    • 0010590320 scopus 로고
    • The effects of polarizing currents on cell potentials and their significance in the interpretation of central nervous system activity
    • Bishop G.H., and O'Leary J.L. The effects of polarizing currents on cell potentials and their significance in the interpretation of central nervous system activity. EEG Clin. Neurophysiol. 2 (1950) 389-400
    • (1950) EEG Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.2 , pp. 389-400
    • Bishop, G.H.1    O'Leary, J.L.2
  • 9
    • 0028509745 scopus 로고
    • The use of the method of transcranial micropolarization to decrease the severity hyperkineses in patients with infantile cerebral palsy
    • Bogdanov O.V., Pinchuk D.Y., Pisar'kova E.V., Shelyakin A.M., and Sirbiladze K.T. The use of the method of transcranial micropolarization to decrease the severity hyperkineses in patients with infantile cerebral palsy. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 24 (1994) 442-445
    • (1994) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.24 , pp. 442-445
    • Bogdanov, O.V.1    Pinchuk, D.Y.2    Pisar'kova, E.V.3    Shelyakin, A.M.4    Sirbiladze, K.T.5
  • 10
    • 78651143122 scopus 로고
    • The action of brief polarizing currents on the cerebral cortex of the rat (1) during current flow and (2) in the production of long-lasting after-effects
    • Bindman L.J., Lippold O.C.J., and Redfearn J.W.T. The action of brief polarizing currents on the cerebral cortex of the rat (1) during current flow and (2) in the production of long-lasting after-effects. J. Physiol. 172 (1964) 369-382
    • (1964) J. Physiol. , vol.172 , pp. 369-382
    • Bindman, L.J.1    Lippold, O.C.J.2    Redfearn, J.W.T.3
  • 11
    • 0014486950 scopus 로고
    • Negative polarisation of the brain in the treatment of manic states
    • Carney M.W.P. Negative polarisation of the brain in the treatment of manic states. I. J. Med. Sci. 2 (1969) 133-135
    • (1969) I. J. Med. Sci. , vol.2 , pp. 133-135
    • Carney, M.W.P.1
  • 12
    • 0022560557 scopus 로고
    • Modulation by applied electric fields of Purkinje and stellate cell activity in the isolated turtle cerebellum
    • Chan C.Y., and Nicholson C. Modulation by applied electric fields of Purkinje and stellate cell activity in the isolated turtle cerebellum. J. Physiol. 371 (1986) 89-114
    • (1986) J. Physiol. , vol.371 , pp. 89-114
    • Chan, C.Y.1    Nicholson, C.2
  • 13
    • 0023772536 scopus 로고
    • Effects of electric fields on transmembrane potential and excitability of turtle cerebellar Purkinje cells in vitro
    • Chan C.Y., Hounsgaard J., and Nicholson C. Effects of electric fields on transmembrane potential and excitability of turtle cerebellar Purkinje cells in vitro. J. Physiol. 402 (1988) 751-771
    • (1988) J. Physiol. , vol.402 , pp. 751-771
    • Chan, C.Y.1    Hounsgaard, J.2    Nicholson, C.3
  • 14
    • 0001517351 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of the therapeutic effects of polarization of the brain in depressive illness
    • Costain R., Redfearn J.W.T., and Lippold O.C.J. A controlled trial of the therapeutic effects of polarization of the brain in depressive illness. Br. J. Psychiat. 110 (1964) 786-799
    • (1964) Br. J. Psychiat. , vol.110 , pp. 786-799
    • Costain, R.1    Redfearn, J.W.T.2    Lippold, O.C.J.3
  • 15
    • 0000990399 scopus 로고
    • Influence of transcortical d-c currents on cortical neuronal activity
    • Creutzfeldt O.D., Fromm G.H., and Kapp H. Influence of transcortical d-c currents on cortical neuronal activity. Exp. Neurol. 5 (1962) 436-452
    • (1962) Exp. Neurol. , vol.5 , pp. 436-452
    • Creutzfeldt, O.D.1    Fromm, G.H.2    Kapp, H.3
  • 16
    • 0016684720 scopus 로고
    • Intracerebral current levels in man during electrosleep therapy
    • Dymond A.M., Coger R.W., and Serafetinides E.A. Intracerebral current levels in man during electrosleep therapy. Biol. Psychiatry 10 (1975) 101-104
    • (1975) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.10 , pp. 101-104
    • Dymond, A.M.1    Coger, R.W.2    Serafetinides, E.A.3
  • 17
    • 0019499965 scopus 로고
    • The influence of low-level transcortical DC-currents on response speed in humans
    • Elbert T., Lutzenberger W., Rockstroh B., and Birbaumer N. The influence of low-level transcortical DC-currents on response speed in humans. Int. J. Neurosci. 14 (1981) 101-114
    • (1981) Int. J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 101-114
    • Elbert, T.1    Lutzenberger, W.2    Rockstroh, B.3    Birbaumer, N.4
  • 18
    • 0014431329 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of sustained increases of firing rate of neurones in the rat cerebral cortex after polarization: reverberating circuits or modification of synaptic conductance?
    • Gartside I.B. Mechanisms of sustained increases of firing rate of neurones in the rat cerebral cortex after polarization: reverberating circuits or modification of synaptic conductance?. Nature 220 (1968) 382-383
    • (1968) Nature , vol.220 , pp. 382-383
    • Gartside, I.B.1
  • 19
    • 0014431369 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of sustained increases of firing rate of neurones in the rat cerebral cortex after polarization: Role of protein synthesis
    • Gartside I.B. Mechanisms of sustained increases of firing rate of neurones in the rat cerebral cortex after polarization: Role of protein synthesis. Nature 220 (1968) 383-384
    • (1968) Nature , vol.220 , pp. 383-384
    • Gartside, I.B.1
  • 20
    • 0025141010 scopus 로고
    • Biphasic effects of polarizing current on adenosine-sensitive generation of cyclic AMP in rat cerebral cortex
    • Hattori Y., Moriwaki A., and Hori Y. Biphasic effects of polarizing current on adenosine-sensitive generation of cyclic AMP in rat cerebral cortex. Neurosci. Lett. 116 (1990) 320-324
    • (1990) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.116 , pp. 320-324
    • Hattori, Y.1    Moriwaki, A.2    Hori, Y.3
  • 21
    • 0025684716 scopus 로고
    • Effect of methamphetamine on rotational behavior induced by anodal polarization of the substantia nigra in rats
    • Hayashi Y., and Hori Y. Effect of methamphetamine on rotational behavior induced by anodal polarization of the substantia nigra in rats. Jpn J. Physiol. 40 (1990) 929-933
    • (1990) Jpn J. Physiol. , vol.40 , pp. 929-933
    • Hayashi, Y.1    Hori, Y.2
  • 22
    • 0017174677 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged formation of a cortical dominant focus by anodal polarization
    • Hori Y., and Yamaguchi K. Prolonged formation of a cortical dominant focus by anodal polarization. Med. J. Osaka Univ. 12 (1975) 27-38
    • (1975) Med. J. Osaka Univ. , vol.12 , pp. 27-38
    • Hori, Y.1    Yamaguchi, K.2
  • 23
    • 0029003519 scopus 로고
    • Increase in the calcium level following anodal polarization in the rat brain
    • Islam N., Aftabuddin M., Moriwaki A., Hattori Y., and Hori Y. Increase in the calcium level following anodal polarization in the rat brain. Brain Res. 684 (1995) 206-208
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.684 , pp. 206-208
    • Islam, N.1    Aftabuddin, M.2    Moriwaki, A.3    Hattori, Y.4    Hori, Y.5
  • 24
    • 0029050489 scopus 로고
    • c-Fos expression mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors following anodal polarization in the rat brain
    • Islam N., Moriwaki A., Hattori Y., Hayashi Y., Lu Y.F., and Hori Y. c-Fos expression mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors following anodal polarization in the rat brain. Exp. Neurol. 133 (1995) 25-31
    • (1995) Exp. Neurol. , vol.133 , pp. 25-31
    • Islam, N.1    Moriwaki, A.2    Hattori, Y.3    Hayashi, Y.4    Lu, Y.F.5    Hori, Y.6
  • 25
    • 0030608623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of anodal polarization on protein kinase Cgamma (PKCgamma) in the rat brain
    • Islam N., Aftabuddin M., Moriwaki A., and Hori Y. Effects of anodal polarization on protein kinase Cgamma (PKCgamma) in the rat brain. Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 41 (1997) 204-210
    • (1997) Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol. , vol.41 , pp. 204-210
    • Islam, N.1    Aftabuddin, M.2    Moriwaki, A.3    Hori, Y.4
  • 26
    • 0023510808 scopus 로고
    • The effects of externally applied transcephalic weak direct currents on lateralization in choice reaction tasks
    • Jaeger D., Elbert T., Lutzenberger W., and Birbaumer N. The effects of externally applied transcephalic weak direct currents on lateralization in choice reaction tasks. J. Psychophysiol. 1 (1987) 127-133
    • (1987) J. Psychophysiol. , vol.1 , pp. 127-133
    • Jaeger, D.1    Elbert, T.2    Lutzenberger, W.3    Birbaumer, N.4
  • 27
    • 0020159328 scopus 로고
    • Psychophysical characteristics of perception and of brain electrical activity during occipital micropolarization
    • Korsakov I.A., and Matveeva L.V. Psychophysical characteristics of perception and of brain electrical activity during occipital micropolarization. Hum Physiol 8 (1982) 259-266
    • (1982) Hum Physiol , vol.8 , pp. 259-266
    • Korsakov, I.A.1    Matveeva, L.V.2
  • 28
    • 0006543278 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cortical polarization on visual discriminations
    • Kupfermann I. Effects of cortical polarization on visual discriminations. Exp. Neurol. 12 (1965) 179-189
    • (1965) Exp. Neurol. , vol.12 , pp. 179-189
    • Kupfermann, I.1
  • 29
    • 0033183506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of two "polarization" dominant foci in the mortor cortex
    • Kyazimova K.M. Interaction of two "polarization" dominant foci in the mortor cortex. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 5 (1999) 547-553
    • (1999) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.5 , pp. 547-553
    • Kyazimova, K.M.1
  • 30
    • 0000306361 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the form and distribution of evoked cortical potentials under the influence of polarizing currents
    • Landau W.M., Bishop G.H., and Clare M.H. Analysis of the form and distribution of evoked cortical potentials under the influence of polarizing currents. J. Neurophysiol. 27 (1964) 788-813
    • (1964) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.27 , pp. 788-813
    • Landau, W.M.1    Bishop, G.H.2    Clare, M.H.3
  • 31
    • 0036787484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological approach to the mechanisms of transcranial DC-stimulation-induced after effects of human motor cortex excitability
    • Liebetanz D., Nitsche M.A., Tergau F., and Paulus W. Pharmacological approach to the mechanisms of transcranial DC-stimulation-induced after effects of human motor cortex excitability. Brain 125 (2002) 2238-2247
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 2238-2247
    • Liebetanz, D.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Tergau, F.3    Paulus, W.4
  • 32
    • 0014288514 scopus 로고
    • A trial of transcranial polarization in chronic schizophrenics
    • Lifshitz K., and Harper P. A trial of transcranial polarization in chronic schizophrenics. Brit. J. Psychiatry 114 (1968) 635-637
    • (1968) Brit. J. Psychiatry , vol.114 , pp. 635-637
    • Lifshitz, K.1    Harper, P.2
  • 33
    • 0000585332 scopus 로고
    • Mental changes resulting from the passage of small direct currents through the human brain
    • Lippold O.C.J., and Redfearn J.W.T. Mental changes resulting from the passage of small direct currents through the human brain. Brit. J. Psychiatry 110 (1964) 768-772
    • (1964) Brit. J. Psychiatry , vol.110 , pp. 768-772
    • Lippold, O.C.J.1    Redfearn, J.W.T.2
  • 34
    • 0017355693 scopus 로고
    • Brain polarization: behavioral and therapeutic effects
    • Lolas F. Brain polarization: behavioral and therapeutic effects. Biol. Psychiatry 12 (1977) 37-47
    • (1977) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.12 , pp. 37-47
    • Lolas, F.1
  • 35
    • 0028412825 scopus 로고
    • Dual effects of cortical polarization on peripheral motor activity in the rabbit
    • Lu Y.F., Hattori Y., Hayashi Y., and Hori Y. Dual effects of cortical polarization on peripheral motor activity in the rabbit. Acta. Med. Okayama 48 (1994) 81-86
    • (1994) Acta. Med. Okayama , vol.48 , pp. 81-86
    • Lu, Y.F.1    Hattori, Y.2    Hayashi, Y.3    Hori, Y.4
  • 36
    • 0019643538 scopus 로고
    • Effect of anodal polarization of deep brain structures on spatial synchronization of cortical potentials during defensive conditioning in rabbits
    • Luchkova T.I. Effect of anodal polarization of deep brain structures on spatial synchronization of cortical potentials during defensive conditioning in rabbits. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 11 (1981) 543-549
    • (1981) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.11 , pp. 543-549
    • Luchkova, T.I.1
  • 37
    • 0022820603 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous and evoked activity of neurons in deep structures of the brain during their anodal polarization
    • Lukhanina E.P., and Litvinova A.N. Spontaneous and evoked activity of neurons in deep structures of the brain during their anodal polarization. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 16 (1986) 506-512
    • (1986) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.16 , pp. 506-512
    • Lukhanina, E.P.1    Litvinova, A.N.2
  • 38
    • 0025500717 scopus 로고
    • Charge density and charge per phase as cofactors in neural injury induced by electrical stimulation
    • McCreery D.B., Agnew W.F., Yuen T.G., and Bullara L. Charge density and charge per phase as cofactors in neural injury induced by electrical stimulation. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 37 (1990;) 996-1001
    • (1990) IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. , vol.37 , pp. 996-1001
    • McCreery, D.B.1    Agnew, W.F.2    Yuen, T.G.3    Bullara, L.4
  • 39
    • 2442758535 scopus 로고
    • Effect of anodal polarization on the firing pattern of single cortical cells
    • Morrell F. Effect of anodal polarization on the firing pattern of single cortical cells. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 92 (1961) 860-876
    • (1961) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.92 , pp. 860-876
    • Morrell, F.1
  • 40
    • 0006585663 scopus 로고
    • Effect of polarization on a conditioned avoidance response
    • Morrell F., and Naitoh P. Effect of polarization on a conditioned avoidance response. Exp. Neurology 6 (1962) 507-523
    • (1962) Exp. Neurology , vol.6 , pp. 507-523
    • Morrell, F.1    Naitoh, P.2
  • 41
    • 0030436435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation of emotions to polarization processes in sensory systems
    • Murik S.E. The relation of emotions to polarization processes in sensory systems. Int. J. Neurosci. 88 (1996) 185-197
    • (1996) Int. J. Neurosci. , vol.88 , pp. 185-197
    • Murik, S.E.1
  • 42
    • 0034666046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation
    • Nitsche M.A., and Paulus W. Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. J. Physiol. 527 (2000) 633-639
    • (2000) J. Physiol. , vol.527 , pp. 633-639
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Paulus, W.2
  • 43
    • 0035960657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans
    • Nitsche M.A., and Paulus W. Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans. Neurology 57 (2001) 1899-1901
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 1899-1901
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Paulus, W.2
  • 44
    • 0037383457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Level of action of cathodal DC polarisation induced inhibition of the human motor cortex
    • Nitsche M.A., Nitsche M.S., Klein C.C., Tergau F., Rothwell J., and Paulus W. Level of action of cathodal DC polarisation induced inhibition of the human motor cortex. Clin. Neurophys. 114 (2003) 600-604
    • (2003) Clin. Neurophys. , vol.114 , pp. 600-604
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Nitsche, M.S.2    Klein, C.C.3    Tergau, F.4    Rothwell, J.5    Paulus, W.6
  • 45
    • 0038405097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facilitation of implicit motor learning by weak transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary motor cortex in the human
    • Nitsche M.A., Schauenburg A., Lang N., Liebetanz D., Exner C., Paulus W., and Tergau F. Facilitation of implicit motor learning by weak transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary motor cortex in the human. J. Cog. Neurosci. 15 (2003) 619-626
    • (2003) J. Cog. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 619-626
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Schauenburg, A.2    Lang, N.3    Liebetanz, D.4    Exner, C.5    Paulus, W.6    Tergau, F.7
  • 46
    • 0014959790 scopus 로고
    • [Changes in the evoked and spontaneous brain activity of man during extracranial polarization]
    • Pfurtscheller G. [Changes in the evoked and spontaneous brain activity of man during extracranial polarization]. Z. Gesamte Exp. Med. 152 (1970) 284-293
    • (1970) Z. Gesamte Exp. Med. , vol.152 , pp. 284-293
    • Pfurtscheller, G.1
  • 49
    • 78651178121 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular activities and evoked potential changes during polarization of motor cortex
    • Purpura D.P., and McMurtry J.G. Intracellular activities and evoked potential changes during polarization of motor cortex. J. Neurophysiol 28 (1965) 166-185
    • (1965) J. Neurophysiol , vol.28 , pp. 166-185
    • Purpura, D.P.1    McMurtry, J.G.2
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0030184176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initiation of spreading depression can be blocked by transcortical polarization of rat cerebral cortex
    • Richter F., Fechner R., and Haschke W. Initiation of spreading depression can be blocked by transcortical polarization of rat cerebral cortex. Int. J. Neurosci. 86 (1996) 111-118
    • (1996) Int. J. Neurosci. , vol.86 , pp. 111-118
    • Richter, F.1    Fechner, R.2    Haschke, W.3
  • 53
    • 0015336637 scopus 로고
    • Transcortical polarization: facilitation of delayed response performance by monkeys
    • Rosen S.C., and Stamm J.S. Transcortical polarization: facilitation of delayed response performance by monkeys. Exp. Neurol. 35 (1972) 282-289
    • (1972) Exp. Neurol. , vol.35 , pp. 282-289
    • Rosen, S.C.1    Stamm, J.S.2
  • 54
    • 0034672436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diminution of training-induced transient motor cortex plasticity by weak transcranial direct current stimulation in the human
    • Rosenkranz K., Nitsche M.A., Tergau F., and Paulus W. Diminution of training-induced transient motor cortex plasticity by weak transcranial direct current stimulation in the human. Neurosci. Lett. 296 (2000) 61-63
    • (2000) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.296 , pp. 61-63
    • Rosenkranz, K.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Tergau, F.3    Paulus, W.4
  • 55
    • 0014352288 scopus 로고
    • Current distribution in the brain from surface electrodes
    • Rush S., and Driscoll D.A. Current distribution in the brain from surface electrodes. Anaest. Analg. Curr. Res. 47 (1968) 717-723
    • (1968) Anaest. Analg. Curr. Res. , vol.47 , pp. 717-723
    • Rush, S.1    Driscoll, D.A.2
  • 56
    • 0023679671 scopus 로고
    • Coherent EEG analysis during development of trace processes of the polarization dominant in rabbits
    • Rusinova E.V. Coherent EEG analysis during development of trace processes of the polarization dominant in rabbits. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 18 (1988) 50-56
    • (1988) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.18 , pp. 50-56
    • Rusinova, E.V.1
  • 57
    • 0024658109 scopus 로고
    • Cortico-hippocampal relations of electrical activity in rabbits with a polarization-induced motor dominant focus
    • Rusinova E.V. Cortico-hippocampal relations of electrical activity in rabbits with a polarization-induced motor dominant focus. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 19 (1989) 241-248
    • (1989) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.19 , pp. 241-248
    • Rusinova, E.V.1
  • 58
    • 0033183342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structure of cortical-subcortical relationships between electrical processes of the brain during a motor polarization dominant
    • Rusinova E.V. The structure of cortical-subcortical relationships between electrical processes of the brain during a motor polarization dominant. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 29 (1999) 539-545
    • (1999) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.29 , pp. 539-545
    • Rusinova, E.V.1
  • 59
    • 0025023478 scopus 로고
    • Properties of K-currents in unmyelinated presynaptic axons of brain revealed revealed by extracellular polarisation
    • Scholfield C.N. Properties of K-currents in unmyelinated presynaptic axons of brain revealed revealed by extracellular polarisation. Brain Res. 507 (1990) 121-128
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.507 , pp. 121-128
    • Scholfield, C.N.1
  • 60
    • 0032110578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of transcranial micropolarization of the frontal cortex on the state of motor and cognitive functions in extrapyramidal pathology
    • Shelyakin A.M., Preobrazhenskaya I.G., Pisar'kova E.V., Pakhomova Z.M., and Bogdanov O.V. Effects of transcranial micropolarization of the frontal cortex on the state of motor and cognitive functions in extrapyramidal pathology. Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. 28 (1998) 468-471
    • (1998) Neurosci. Behav. Physiol. , vol.28 , pp. 468-471
    • Shelyakin, A.M.1    Preobrazhenskaya, I.G.2    Pisar'kova, E.V.3    Pakhomova, Z.M.4    Bogdanov, O.V.5
  • 61
    • 0015277527 scopus 로고
    • Cortical steady potential shifts and anodal polarization during delayed response performance
    • Stamm J.S., and Rosen S.C. Cortical steady potential shifts and anodal polarization during delayed response performance. Acta. Neurobiol. Exp. 32 (1972) 193-209
    • (1972) Acta. Neurobiol. Exp. , vol.32 , pp. 193-209
    • Stamm, J.S.1    Rosen, S.C.2
  • 63
    • 0017226149 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological and behavioral effects of transcortical polarizing current: comparison with the behaviorally determined characteristics of learning
    • Szeligo F. Electrophysiological and behavioral effects of transcortical polarizing current: comparison with the behaviorally determined characteristics of learning. Brain Res. 103 (1976) 463-475
    • (1976) Brain Res. , vol.103 , pp. 463-475
    • Szeligo, F.1
  • 64
    • 0014641886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired discrimination following polarisation of the striate cortex
    • Ward, R. and Weiskrantz, L. Impaired discrimination following polarisation of the striate cortex. Exp. Brain Res., 9: 346-356.
    • Exp. Brain Res , vol.9 , pp. 346-356
    • Ward, R.1    Weiskrantz, L.2
  • 65
    • 0032213461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quenching revisited: low level direct current inhibits amygdala-kindled seizures
    • Weiss S.R., Eidsath A., Li X.L., Heynen T., and Post R.M. Quenching revisited: low level direct current inhibits amygdala-kindled seizures. Exp. Neurol. 154 (1998) 185-192
    • (1998) Exp. Neurol. , vol.154 , pp. 185-192
    • Weiss, S.R.1    Eidsath, A.2    Li, X.L.3    Heynen, T.4    Post, R.M.5
  • 66
    • 4243260944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological aspects of forced normalization
    • Trimble M.R., and Schmitz B. (Eds), Wrightson Biomedical Publishing Ltd.
    • Wieser H.G. Electrophysiological aspects of forced normalization. In: Trimble M.R., and Schmitz B. (Eds). Forced Normalization and Alternative Psycoses of Epilepsy (1998), Wrightson Biomedical Publishing Ltd.
    • (1998) Forced Normalization and Alternative Psycoses of Epilepsy
    • Wieser, H.G.1
  • 67
    • 0017179480 scopus 로고
    • Long lasting retention of cortical dominant focus in rabbit
    • Yamaguchi K., and Hori Y. Long lasting retention of cortical dominant focus in rabbit. Med. J. Osaka Univ. 26 (1975) 39-50
    • (1975) Med. J. Osaka Univ. , vol.26 , pp. 39-50
    • Yamaguchi, K.1    Hori, Y.2
  • 68
    • 0019487623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histological evaluation of neural damage from electrical stimulation: Considerations for the selection of parameters for clinical application
    • Yuen, T.G.H, Agnew, W.F., Bullara, L.A., Jacques, S. and McCreery, D.B. Histological evaluation of neural damage from electrical stimulation: Considerations for the selection of parameters for clinical application. Neurosurgery, 9, 292-298.
    • Neurosurgery , vol.9 , pp. 292-298
    • Yuen, T.G.H.1    Agnew, W.F.2    Bullara, L.A.3    Jacques, S.4    McCreery, D.B.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.