메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 40, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 37-43

Demographic and socioeconomic correlates of powder cocaine and crack use among high school seniors in the United States

Author keywords

Adolescents; Crack cocaine; Powder cocaine; Socioeconomic status

Indexed keywords

COCAINE; POWDER;

EID: 84890930903     PISSN: 00952990     EISSN: 10979891     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2013.838961     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (57)
  • 2
    • 0027058623 scopus 로고
    • The developmental cycle of a drug epidemic: The cocaine smoking epidemic of 1981-1991
    • Hamid A. The developmental cycle of a drug epidemic: the cocaine smoking epidemic of 1981-1991. J Psychoactive Drugs 1992;24: 337-348.
    • (1992) J Psychoactive Drugs , vol.24 , pp. 337-348
    • Hamid, A.1
  • 3
    • 0242691099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The story of crack: Towards a theory of illicit drug trends
    • Agar M. The story of crack: towards a theory of illicit drug trends. Addict Res Theory 2003;11:3-29.
    • (2003) Addict Res Theory , vol.11 , pp. 3-29
    • Agar, M.1
  • 4
    • 0033466181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise and fall of New York murder - Zero tolerance or crack's decline?
    • Bowling B. The rise and fall of New York murder - Zero tolerance or crack's decline? Brit J Crim 1999;39:531-554.
    • (1999) Brit J Crim , vol.39 , pp. 531-554
    • Bowling, B.1
  • 5
    • 80052078253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and psychometric evaluation of scales that assess stigma associated with illicit drug users
    • Palamar JJ, Kiang MV, Halkitis PN. Development and psychometric evaluation of scales that assess stigma associated with illicit drug users. Subst Use Misuse 2011;46:1457-1467.
    • (2011) Subst Use Misuse , Issue.46 , pp. 1457-1467
    • Palamar, J.J.1    Kiang, M.V.2    Halkitis, P.N.3
  • 6
    • 0012607259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: detailed Tables
    • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: detailed Tables. 2012. http://www.samhsa.gov/data/nsduh/2k11results/nsduhresults2011.pdf.
    • (2012) Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
  • 10
    • 78650403048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mandatory minimum sentencing, drug purity and overdose rates
    • Davies RB. Mandatory Minimum Sentencing, Drug Purity and Overdose Rates. Economic Social Rev 2010;41:429-457.
    • (2010) Economic Social Rev , vol.41 , pp. 429-457
    • Davies, R.B.1
  • 11
    • 77957116488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obama takes a crack at drug reform: A new law narrows the gap in cocaine sentencing and signals a broad realignment of priorities
    • Nadelmann E. Obama Takes a Crack at Drug Reform: a new law narrows the gap in cocaine sentencing and signals a broad realignment of priorities. Nation 2010;291:23-24.
    • (2010) Nation , vol.291 , pp. 23-24
    • Nadelmann, E.1
  • 12
    • 77952708321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fix on cocaine sentencing policy: Reforming the sentencing scheme of the anti-drug abuse act of 1986
    • Beaver AL. Getting A Fix on Cocaine Sentencing Policy: reforming the Sentencing Scheme of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986. Fordham Law Rev 2010;78:2531-2575.
    • (2010) Fordham Law Rev , vol.78 , pp. 2531-2575
    • Beaver, A.L.1    Getting, A.2
  • 13
    • 0028232031 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine: Patterns of use, route of administration, and severity of dependence
    • Gossop M, Griffiths P, Powis B, Strang J. Cocaine: patterns of use, route of administration, and severity of dependence. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:660-664.
    • (1994) Br J Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 660-664
    • Gossop, M.1    Griffiths, P.2    Powis, B.3    Strang, J.4
  • 14
    • 1542374190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological estimates of risk in the process of becoming dependent upon cocaine: Cocaine hydrochloride powder versus crack cocaine
    • Chen CY, Anthony JC. Epidemiological estimates of risk in the process of becoming dependent upon cocaine: cocaine hydrochloride powder versus crack cocaine. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2004;172: 78-86.
    • (2004) Psychopharmacology (Berl) , vol.172 , pp. 78-86
    • Chen, C.Y.1    Anthony, J.C.2
  • 15
    • 0036708076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between extent of cocaine use and dependence among adolescents and adults in the United States
    • Chen K, Kandel D. Relationship between extent of cocaine use and dependence among adolescents and adults in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 2002;68:65-85.
    • (2002) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.68 , pp. 65-85
    • Chen, K.1    Kandel, D.2
  • 16
    • 17644362997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of becoming cocaine dependent: Epidemiological estimates for the United States 2000-2001
    • O'Brien MS, Anthony JC. Risk of becoming cocaine dependent: epidemiological estimates for the United States, 2000-2001. Neuropsychopharmacol 2005;30:1006-1018.
    • (2005) Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.30 , pp. 1006-1018
    • O'Brien, M.S.1    Anthony, J.C.2
  • 17
    • 33747357240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there epidemiological evidence to support the idea that a cocaine dependence syndrome emerges soon after onset of cocaine use?
    • Reboussin BA, Anthony JC. Is there epidemiological evidence to support the idea that a cocaine dependence syndrome emerges soon after onset of cocaine use? Neuropsychopharmacol 2006;31: 2055-2064.
    • (2006) Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.31 , pp. 2055-2064
    • Reboussin, B.A.1    Anthony, J.C.2
  • 18
    • 0032708064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocaine and crack in Amsterdam: Diverging subcultures
    • Nabben T, Korf DJ. Cocaine and crack in Amsterdam: diverging subcultures. J Drug Issues 1999;29:627-651.
    • (1999) J Drug Issues , vol.29 , pp. 627-651
    • Nabben, T.1    Korf, D.J.2
  • 19
    • 57549106209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal investigation of powder cocaine use among club-drug using gay and bisexual men
    • Palamar JJ, Mukherjee PP, Halkitis PN. A longitudinal investigation of powder cocaine use among club-drug using gay and bisexual men. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2008;69:806-813.
    • (2008) J Stud Alcohol Drugs , vol.69 , pp. 806-813
    • Palamar, J.J.1    Mukherjee, P.P.2    Halkitis, P.N.3
  • 20
    • 33746869303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concurrent use and order of use of cocaine and alcohol: Behavioural differences between users of crack cocaine and cocaine powder
    • Gossop M, Manning V, Ridge G. Concurrent use and order of use of cocaine and alcohol: behavioural differences between users of crack cocaine and cocaine powder. Addiction 2006;101:1292-1298.
    • (2006) Addiction , vol.101 , pp. 1292-1298
    • Gossop, M.1    Manning, V.2    Ridge, G.3
  • 22
    • 0035479829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supporting the habit: Income generation activities of frequent crack users compared with frequent users of other hard drugs
    • Cross JC, Johnson BD, Davis WR, Liberty HJ. Supporting the habit: income generation activities of frequent crack users compared with frequent users of other hard drugs. Drug Alcohol Depend 2001;64: 191-201.
    • (2001) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.64 , pp. 191-201
    • Cross, J.C.1    Johnson, B.D.2    Davis, W.R.3    Liberty, H.J.4
  • 23
    • 0035508332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alcohol, cannabis, ecstasy and cocaine: Drugs of reasoned choice amongst young adult recreational drug users in England
    • Williams L, Parker H. Alcohol, cannabis, ecstasy and cocaine: drugs of reasoned choice amongst young adult recreational drug users in England. Int J Drug Policy 2001;12:397-413.
    • (2001) Int J Drug Policy , vol.12 , pp. 397-413
    • Williams, L.1    Parker, H.2
  • 24
    • 0036199639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From first drug use to drug dependence: Developmental periods of risk for dependence upon marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol
    • Wagner FA, Anthony JC. From first drug use to drug dependence: developmental periods of risk for dependence upon marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol. Neuropsychopharmacol 2002;26:479-488.
    • (2002) Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.26 , pp. 479-488
    • Wagner, F.A.1    Anthony, J.C.2
  • 25
    • 77953726324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of crack cocaine initiation among Montreal street youth: A first look at the phenomenon
    • Paquette C, Roy E ́, Petit G, Boivin JF. Predictors of crack cocaine initiation among Montreal street youth: a first look at the phenomenon. Drug Alcohol Depend 2010;110:85-91.
    • (2010) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.110 , pp. 85-91
    • Paquette, C.1    Roy, E.2    Petit, G.3    Boivin, J.F.4
  • 26
    • 84859848157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of homeless youth who use cocaine and methamphetamine
    • Nyamathi A, Hudson A, Greengold B, Leake B. Characteristics of homeless youth who use cocaine and methamphetamine. Am J Addict 2012;21:243-249.
    • (2012) Am J Addict , vol.21 , pp. 243-249
    • Nyamathi, A.1    Hudson, A.2    Greengold, B.3    Leake, B.4
  • 27
    • 84874839761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adolescents are more vulnerable to cocaine addiction: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence
    • Wong WC, Ford KA, Pagels NE, McCutcheon JE, Marinelli M. Adolescents are more vulnerable to cocaine addiction: behavioral and electrophysiological evidence. J Neurosci 2013;33:4913-4922.
    • (2013) J Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 4913-4922
    • Wong, W.C.1    Ford, K.A.2    Pagels, N.E.3    McCutcheon, J.E.4    Marinelli, M.5
  • 32
    • 0030046344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High school students who use crack and other drugs
    • Kandel DB, Davies M. High school students who use crack and other drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:71-80.
    • (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 71-80
    • Kandel, D.B.1    Davies, M.2
  • 33
    • 0027312512 scopus 로고
    • From beer to crack: Developmental patterns of drug involvement
    • Kandel D, Yamaguchi K. From beer to crack: developmental patterns of drug involvement. Am J Public Health 1993;83:851-855.
    • (1993) Am J Public Health , vol.83 , pp. 851-855
    • Kandel, D.1    Yamaguchi, K.2
  • 34
    • 0030426868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The crack epidemic: Empirical findings support an hypothesized diffusion of innovation process
    • Golub A, Johnson BD. The crack epidemic: empirical findings support an hypothesized diffusion of innovation process. Socio Econ Plan Sci 1996;30:221-231.
    • (1996) Socio Econ Plan Sci , vol.30 , pp. 221-231
    • Golub, A.1    Johnson, B.D.2
  • 35
    • 0032989052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequences of powder cocaine and crack use among arrestees in Los Angeles County
    • Shaw VN, Hser YI, Anglin MD, Boyle K. Sequences of powder cocaine and crack use among arrestees in Los Angeles County. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1999;25:47-66.
    • (1999) Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse , vol.25 , pp. 47-66
    • Shaw, V.N.1    Hser, Y.I.2    Anglin, M.D.3    Boyle, K.4
  • 36
    • 0030445864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocaine use and characteristics of young adult users from 1987 to 1992: The CARDIA Study. Coronary artery risk development in young adults
    • Braun BL, Murray D, Hannan P, Sidney S, Le C. Cocaine use and characteristics of young adult users from 1987 to 1992: the CARDIA Study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults. Am J Public Health 1996;86:1736-1741.
    • (1996) Am J Public Health , vol.86 , pp. 1736-1741
    • Braun, B.L.1    Murray, D.2    Hannan, P.3    Sidney, S.4    Le, C.5
  • 37
    • 0030976762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime cocaine use and cardiovascular characteristics among young adults: The CARDIA study
    • Braun BL, Murray DM, Sidney S. Lifetime cocaine use and cardiovascular characteristics among young adults: the CARDIA study. Am J Public Health 1997;87:629-634.
    • (1997) Am J Public Health , vol.87 , pp. 629-634
    • Braun, B.L.1    Murray, D.M.2    Sidney, S.3
  • 40
    • 0242487779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A different kind of contextual effect: Geographical clustering of cocaine incidence in the USA
    • Petronis KR, Anthony JC. A different kind of contextual effect: geographical clustering of cocaine incidence in the USA. J Epidemiol Community Health 2003;57:893-900.
    • (2003) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.57 , pp. 893-900
    • Petronis, K.R.1    Anthony, J.C.2
  • 41
    • 84899451995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Religiosity and exposure to users in explaining illicit drug use among emerging adults
    • Palamar JJ, Kiang MV, Halkitis PN. Religiosity and exposure to users in explaining illicit drug use among emerging adults. J Relig Health 2012.
    • (2012) J Relig Health
    • Palamar, J.J.1    Kiang, M.V.2    Halkitis, P.N.3
  • 42
    • 84869095095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Religiosity profiles of American youth in relation to substance use, violence, and delinquency
    • Salas-Wright CP, Vaughn MG, Hodge DR, Perron BE. Religiosity profiles of American youth in relation to substance use, violence, and delinquency. J Youth Adolesc 2012;41:1560-1575.
    • (2012) J Youth Adolesc , vol.41 , pp. 1560-1575
    • Salas-Wright, C.P.1    Vaughn, M.G.2    Hodge, D.R.3    Perron, B.E.4
  • 43
    • 84860449073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Religiosity and adolescent substance use: Evidence from the national survey on drug use and health
    • Ford JA, Hill TD. Religiosity and adolescent substance use: evidence from the national survey on drug use and health. Subst Use Misuse 2012;47:787-798.
    • (2012) Subst Use Misuse , Issue.47 , pp. 787-798
    • Ford, J.A.1    Hill, T.D.2
  • 44
    • 23744468404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The increase in the association of education and cocaine use over the 1980s and 1990s: Evidence for a 'historical period' effect
    • Miech RA, Chilcoat H, Harder VS. The increase in the association of education and cocaine use over the 1980s and 1990s: evidence for a 'historical period' effect. Drug Alcohol Depend 2005;79:311-320.
    • (2005) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.79 , pp. 311-320
    • Miech, R.A.1    Chilcoat, H.2    Harder, V.S.3
  • 45
    • 79957838936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding early-onset drug and alcohol outcomes among youth: The role of family structure, social factors, and interpersonal perceptions of use
    • Hemovich V, Lac A, Crano WD. Understanding early-onset drug and alcohol outcomes among youth: the role of family structure, social factors, and interpersonal perceptions of use. Psychol Health Med 2011;16:249-267.
    • (2011) Psychol Health Med , vol.16 , pp. 249-267
    • Hemovich, V.1    Lac, A.2    Crano, W.D.3
  • 46
    • 38049113355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of spending money and drinking alcohol in adolescent smoking
    • Zhang B, Cartmill C, Ferrence R. The role of spending money and drinking alcohol in adolescent smoking. Addiction 2008;103: 310-319.
    • (2008) Addiction , vol.103 , pp. 310-319
    • Zhang, B.1    Cartmill, C.2    Ferrence, R.3
  • 47
    • 0037178922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking, pocket money and socioeconomic status: Results from a national survey of 4th form students in 2000
    • Scragg R, Laugesen M, Robinson E. Cigarette smoking, pocket money and socioeconomic status: results from a national survey of 4th form students in 2000. N Z Med J 2002;115:U108.
    • (2002) N Z Med J , vol.115
    • Scragg, R.1    Laugesen, M.2    Robinson, E.3
  • 49
    • 0021671027 scopus 로고
    • Patterns and correlates of initial and subsequent drug use among adolescents
    • Mills CJ, Noyes HL. Patterns and correlates of initial and subsequent drug use among adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 1984;52: 231-243.
    • (1984) J Consult Clin Psychol , vol.52 , pp. 231-243
    • Mills, C.J.1    Noyes, H.L.2
  • 50
    • 0038052868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability payments, drug use and representative payees: An analysis of the relationships
    • Swartz JA, Hsieh CM, Baumohl J. Disability payments, drug use and representative payees: an analysis of the relationships. Addiction 2003;98:965-975.
    • (2003) Addiction , vol.98 , pp. 965-975
    • Swartz, J.A.1    Hsieh, C.M.2    Baumohl, J.3
  • 51
    • 0034027574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of increasing income on polydrug use: A comparison of heroin, cocaine and alcohol abusers
    • Petry NM. Effects of increasing income on polydrug use: a comparison of heroin, cocaine and alcohol abusers. Addiction 2000;95:705-717.
    • (2000) Addiction , vol.95 , pp. 705-717
    • Petry, N.M.1
  • 52
    • 33750618504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of exchanging sex for drugs or money among women who use crack cocaine
    • Edwards JM, Halpern CT, Wechsberg WM. Correlates of exchanging sex for drugs or money among women who use crack cocaine. AIDS Educ Prev 2006;18:420-429.
    • (2006) AIDS Educ Prev , vol.18 , pp. 420-429
    • Edwards, J.M.1    Halpern, C.T.2    Wechsberg, W.M.3
  • 53
    • 9344226157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How much do Manhattan-Arrestees spend on drugs?
    • Golub A, Johnson BD. How much do Manhattan-Arrestees spend on drugs? Drug Alcohol Depend 2004;76:235-246.
    • (2004) Drug Alcohol Depend , vol.76 , pp. 235-246
    • Golub, A.1    Johnson, B.D.2
  • 54
    • 0030704245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is crack cheaper than (powder) cocaine?
    • Caulkins JP. Is crack cheaper than (powder) cocaine? Addiction 1997;92:1437-1443.
    • (1997) Addiction , vol.92 , pp. 1437-1443
    • Caulkins, J.P.1
  • 55
    • 0027526345 scopus 로고
    • Probing the meaning of racial/ethnic group comparisons in crack cocaine smoking
    • Lillie-Blanton M, Anthony JC, Schuster CR. Probing the meaning of racial/ethnic group comparisons in crack cocaine smoking. JAMA 1993;269:993-997.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.269 , pp. 993-997
    • Lillie-Blanton, M.1    Anthony, J.C.2    Schuster, C.R.3
  • 56
    • 34249326574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neighborhood socioeconomic status, personal network attributes, and use of heroin and cocaine
    • Williams CT, Latkin CA. Neighborhood socioeconomic status, personal network attributes, and use of heroin and cocaine. Am J Prev Med 2007;32:S203-S210.
    • (2007) Am J Prev Med , vol.32
    • Williams, C.T.1    Latkin, C.A.2
  • 57
    • 66149131429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways to Adult Marijuana and Cocaine Use: A Prospective Study of African Americans from Age 6 to 42
    • Fothergill KE, Ensminger ME, Green KM, Robertson JA, Juon HS. Pathways to Adult Marijuana and Cocaine Use: a Prospective Study of African Americans from Age 6 to 42. J Health Soc Behav 2009;50: 65-81.
    • (2009) J Health Soc Behav , vol.50 , pp. 65-81
    • Fothergill, K.E.1    Ensminger, M.E.2    Green, K.M.3    Robertson, J.A.4    Juon, H.S.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.