메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 73-81

The beginning of the end: How scaffolds nucleate autophagosome biogenesis

Author keywords

Atg1; Atg13; Atg9; Autophagy; Membrane bending; SNAREs; ULK1; Vesicle tethering

Indexed keywords

ATG PROTEIN; CARRIER PROTEIN; MULTIPROTEIN COMPLEX; N ETHYLMALEIMIDE SENSITIVE FACTOR; PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84890887051     PISSN: 09628924     EISSN: 18793088     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2013.07.008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (58)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 34250864795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein turnover via autophagy: implications for metabolism
    • Mizushima N., Klionsky D.J. Protein turnover via autophagy: implications for metabolism. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 2007, 19-40.
    • (2007) Annu. Rev. Nutr. , pp. 19-40
    • Mizushima, N.1    Klionsky, D.J.2
  • 2
    • 39849109338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagy fights disease through cellular self-digestion
    • Mizushima N., et al. Autophagy fights disease through cellular self-digestion. Nature 2008, 451:1069-1075.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 1069-1075
    • Mizushima, N.1
  • 3
    • 0036569331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yeast autophagosomes: de novo formation of a membrane structure
    • Noda T., et al. Yeast autophagosomes: de novo formation of a membrane structure. Trends Cell Biol. 2002, 12:231-235.
    • (2002) Trends Cell Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 231-235
    • Noda, T.1
  • 4
    • 84855645313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of autophagosome biogenesis
    • Rubinsztein D.C., et al. Mechanisms of autophagosome biogenesis. Curr. Biol. 2012, 22:R29-R34.
    • (2012) Curr. Biol. , vol.22
    • Rubinsztein, D.C.1
  • 5
    • 84878562770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagic processes in yeast: mechanism, machinery and regulation
    • Reggiori F., Klionsky D.J. Autophagic processes in yeast: mechanism, machinery and regulation. Genetics 2013, 194:341-361.
    • (2013) Genetics , vol.194 , pp. 341-361
    • Reggiori, F.1    Klionsky, D.J.2
  • 6
    • 77950465542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current knowledge of the pre-autophagosomal structure (Pas)
    • Suzuki K., Ohsumi Y. Current knowledge of the pre-autophagosomal structure (Pas). FEBS Lett. 2010, 584:1280-1286.
    • (2010) FEBS Lett. , vol.584 , pp. 1280-1286
    • Suzuki, K.1    Ohsumi, Y.2
  • 7
    • 84875365804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagosomes form at ER-mitochondria contact sites
    • Hamasaki M., et al. Autophagosomes form at ER-mitochondria contact sites. Nature 2013, 495:389-393.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.495 , pp. 389-393
    • Hamasaki, M.1
  • 8
    • 84881506338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ER-Golgi intermediate compartment is a key membrane source for the Lc3 lipidation step of autophagosome biogenesis
    • Ge L., et al. The ER-Golgi intermediate compartment is a key membrane source for the Lc3 lipidation step of autophagosome biogenesis. eLife 2013, 2e00947.
    • (2013) eLife
    • Ge, L.1
  • 9
    • 33846514235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hierarchy of Atg proteins in pre-autophagosomal structure organization
    • Suzuki K., et al. Hierarchy of Atg proteins in pre-autophagosomal structure organization. Genes Cells 2007, 12:209-218.
    • (2007) Genes Cells , vol.12 , pp. 209-218
    • Suzuki, K.1
  • 10
    • 70349739560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the Atg17-Atg29-Atg31 complex specifically required for starvation-induced autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Kabeya Y., et al. Characterization of the Atg17-Atg29-Atg31 complex specifically required for starvation-induced autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2009, 389:612-615.
    • (2009) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.389 , pp. 612-615
    • Kabeya, Y.1
  • 11
    • 79960585318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ammonia-induced autophagy is independent of Ulk1/Ulk2 kinases
    • Cheong H., et al. Ammonia-induced autophagy is independent of Ulk1/Ulk2 kinases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2011, 108:11121-11126.
    • (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.108 , pp. 11121-11126
    • Cheong, H.1
  • 12
    • 84877323647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of nutrient-sensitive autophagy by uncoordinated 51-like kinases 1 and 2
    • Mcalpine F., et al. Regulation of nutrient-sensitive autophagy by uncoordinated 51-like kinases 1 and 2. Autophagy 2013, 9:361-373.
    • (2013) Autophagy , vol.9 , pp. 361-373
    • Mcalpine, F.1
  • 13
    • 43149090064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fip200, a Ulk-interacting protein, is required for autophagosome formation in mammalian cells
    • Hara T., et al. Fip200, a Ulk-interacting protein, is required for autophagosome formation in mammalian cells. J. Cell Biol. 2008, 181:497-510.
    • (2008) J. Cell Biol. , vol.181 , pp. 497-510
    • Hara, T.1
  • 14
    • 66449083078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulk1-Atg13-Fip200 complex mediates mTOR signaling and is essential for autophagy
    • Ganley I.G., et al. Ulk1-Atg13-Fip200 complex mediates mTOR signaling and is essential for autophagy. J. Biol. Chem. 2009, 284:12297-12305.
    • (2009) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.284 , pp. 12297-12305
    • Ganley, I.G.1
  • 15
    • 65249119430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient-dependent mTORC1 association with the Ulk1-Atg13-Fip200 complex required for autophagy
    • Hosokawa N., et al. Nutrient-dependent mTORC1 association with the Ulk1-Atg13-Fip200 complex required for autophagy. Mol. Biol. Cell 2009, 20:1981-1991.
    • (2009) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.20 , pp. 1981-1991
    • Hosokawa, N.1
  • 16
    • 65249176304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulk-Atg13-Fip200 complexes mediate mTOR signaling to the autophagy machinery
    • Jung C.H., et al. Ulk-Atg13-Fip200 complexes mediate mTOR signaling to the autophagy machinery. Mol. Biol. Cell 2009, 20:1992-2003.
    • (2009) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.20 , pp. 1992-2003
    • Jung, C.H.1
  • 17
    • 67549110195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel, human Atg13 binding protein, Atg101, interacts with Ulk1 and is essential for macroautophagy
    • Mercer C.A., et al. A novel, human Atg13 binding protein, Atg101, interacts with Ulk1 and is essential for macroautophagy. Autophagy 2009, 5:649-662.
    • (2009) Autophagy , vol.5 , pp. 649-662
    • Mercer, C.A.1
  • 18
    • 58149473473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinase-inactivated Ulk proteins inhibit autophagy via their conserved C-terminal domains using an Atg13-independent mechanism
    • Chan E.Y., et al. Kinase-inactivated Ulk proteins inhibit autophagy via their conserved C-terminal domains using an Atg13-independent mechanism. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2009, 29:157-171.
    • (2009) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.29 , pp. 157-171
    • Chan, E.Y.1
  • 19
    • 77957198526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Atg9-containing compartment that functions in the early steps of autophagosome biogenesis
    • Mari M., et al. An Atg9-containing compartment that functions in the early steps of autophagosome biogenesis. J. Cell Biol. 2010, 190:1005-1022.
    • (2010) J. Cell Biol. , vol.190 , pp. 1005-1022
    • Mari, M.1
  • 20
    • 78649682788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane delivery to the yeast autophagosome from the Golgi-endosomal system
    • Ohashi Y., Munro S. Membrane delivery to the yeast autophagosome from the Golgi-endosomal system. Mol. Biol. Cell 2010, 21:3998-4008.
    • (2010) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.21 , pp. 3998-4008
    • Ohashi, Y.1    Munro, S.2
  • 21
    • 84864991509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atg9 vesicles are an important membrane source during early steps of autophagosome formation
    • Yamamoto H., et al. Atg9 vesicles are an important membrane source during early steps of autophagosome formation. J. Cell Biol. 2012, 198:219-233.
    • (2012) J. Cell Biol. , vol.198 , pp. 219-233
    • Yamamoto, H.1
  • 22
    • 33750366092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Starvation and Ulk1-dependent cycling of mammalian Atg9 between the TGN and endosomes
    • Young A.R.J., et al. Starvation and Ulk1-dependent cycling of mammalian Atg9 between the TGN and endosomes. J. Cell Sci. 2006, 119:3888-3900.
    • (2006) J. Cell Sci. , vol.119 , pp. 3888-3900
    • Young, A.R.J.1
  • 23
    • 84861158462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic and transient interactions of Atg9 with autophagosomes, but not membrane integration, are required for autophagy
    • Orsi A., et al. Dynamic and transient interactions of Atg9 with autophagosomes, but not membrane integration, are required for autophagy. Mol. Biol. Cell 2012, 23:1860-1873.
    • (2012) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.23 , pp. 1860-1873
    • Orsi, A.1
  • 24
    • 0346503885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Atg1-Atg13 complex regulates Atg9 and Atg23 retrieval transport from the pre-autophagosomal structure
    • Reggiori F., et al. The Atg1-Atg13 complex regulates Atg9 and Atg23 retrieval transport from the pre-autophagosomal structure. Dev. Cell 2004, 6:79-90.
    • (2004) Dev. Cell , vol.6 , pp. 79-90
    • Reggiori, F.1
  • 25
    • 0347611578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atg23 is essential for the Cvt pathway and efficient autophagy but not pexophagy
    • Tucker K.A., et al. Atg23 is essential for the Cvt pathway and efficient autophagy but not pexophagy. J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278:48445-48452.
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 48445-48452
    • Tucker, K.A.1
  • 26
    • 33846807374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atg27 is required for autophagy-dependent cycling of Atg9
    • Yen W-L., et al. Atg27 is required for autophagy-dependent cycling of Atg9. Mol. Biol. Cell 2007, 18:581-593.
    • (2007) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.18 , pp. 581-593
    • Yen, W.-L.1
  • 27
    • 77954184503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-Golgi Sec proteins are required for autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Geng J.F., et al. Post-Golgi Sec proteins are required for autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Biol. Cell 2010, 21:2257-2269.
    • (2010) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.21 , pp. 2257-2269
    • Geng, J.F.1
  • 28
    • 34347250847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of the Sec4p-Sec2p complex in the nucleotide exchanging intermediate state
    • Sato Y., et al. Crystal structure of the Sec4p-Sec2p complex in the nucleotide exchanging intermediate state. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2007, 104:8305-8310.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.104 , pp. 8305-8310
    • Sato, Y.1
  • 29
    • 78651488777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ralb and the exocyst mediate the cellular starvation response by direct activation of autophagosome assembly
    • Bodemann B.O., et al. Ralb and the exocyst mediate the cellular starvation response by direct activation of autophagosome assembly. Cell 2011, 144:253-267.
    • (2011) Cell , vol.144 , pp. 253-267
    • Bodemann, B.O.1
  • 30
    • 84871581862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Architecture of the Atg17 complex as a scaffold for autophagosome biogenesis
    • Ragusa M.J., et al. Architecture of the Atg17 complex as a scaffold for autophagosome biogenesis. Cell 2012, 151:1501-1512.
    • (2012) Cell , vol.151 , pp. 1501-1512
    • Ragusa, M.J.1
  • 31
    • 0034682772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apg13p and Vac8p are part of a complex of phosphoproteins that are required for cytoplasm to vacuole targeting
    • Scott S.V., et al. Apg13p and Vac8p are part of a complex of phosphoproteins that are required for cytoplasm to vacuole targeting. J. Biol. Chem. 2000, 275:25840-25849.
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 25840-25849
    • Scott, S.V.1
  • 32
    • 0034683568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TOR-mediated induction of autophagy via an Apg1 protein kinase complex
    • Kamada Y., et al. TOR-mediated induction of autophagy via an Apg1 protein kinase complex. J. Cell Biol. 2000, 150:1507-1513.
    • (2000) J. Cell Biol. , vol.150 , pp. 1507-1513
    • Kamada, Y.1
  • 33
    • 70350128436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The TOR and PKA signaling pathways independently target the Atg1/Atg13 protein kinase complex to control autophagy
    • Stephan J.S., et al. The TOR and PKA signaling pathways independently target the Atg1/Atg13 protein kinase complex to control autophagy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2009, 106:17049-17054.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.106 , pp. 17049-17054
    • Stephan, J.S.1
  • 34
    • 75749090429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TOR directly controls the Atg1 kinase complex to regulate autophagy
    • Kamada Y., et al. TOR directly controls the Atg1 kinase complex to regulate autophagy. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2010, 30:1049-1058.
    • (2010) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.30 , pp. 1049-1058
    • Kamada, Y.1
  • 35
    • 84866426794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding of the Atg1/Ulk1 kinase to the ubiquitin-like protein Atg8 regulates autophagy
    • Kraft C., et al. Binding of the Atg1/Ulk1 kinase to the ubiquitin-like protein Atg8 regulates autophagy. EMBO J. 2012, 31:3691-3703.
    • (2012) EMBO J. , vol.31 , pp. 3691-3703
    • Kraft, C.1
  • 36
    • 39449108917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Atg1 kinase complex is involved in the regulation of protein recruitment to initiate sequestering vesicle formation for nonspecific autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Cheong H., et al. The Atg1 kinase complex is involved in the regulation of protein recruitment to initiate sequestering vesicle formation for nonspecific autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Biol. Cell 2008, 19:668-681.
    • (2008) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.19 , pp. 668-681
    • Cheong, H.1
  • 37
    • 65449186232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atg17 recruits Atg9 to organize the pre-autophogsomal structure
    • Sekito T., et al. Atg17 recruits Atg9 to organize the pre-autophogsomal structure. Genes Cells 2009, 14:525-538.
    • (2009) Genes Cells , vol.14 , pp. 525-538
    • Sekito, T.1
  • 38
    • 34247623568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coats, tethers, Rabs, and SNARES work together to mediate the intracellular destination of a transport vesicle
    • Cai H.Q., et al. Coats, tethers, Rabs, and SNARES work together to mediate the intracellular destination of a transport vesicle. Dev. Cell 2007, 12:671-682.
    • (2007) Dev. Cell , vol.12 , pp. 671-682
    • Cai, H.Q.1
  • 39
    • 56149091013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The TRAPP complex: insights into its architecture and function
    • Sacher M., et al. The TRAPP complex: insights into its architecture and function. Traffic 2008, 9:2032-2042.
    • (2008) Traffic , vol.9 , pp. 2032-2042
    • Sacher, M.1
  • 40
    • 84860797387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of selective autophagy onset by a Ypt/Rab GTPase module
    • Lipatova Z., et al. Regulation of selective autophagy onset by a Ypt/Rab GTPase module. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2012, 109:6981-6986.
    • (2012) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.109 , pp. 6981-6986
    • Lipatova, Z.1
  • 41
    • 77952329475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trs85 directs a Ypt1 GEF, TRAPPIII, to the phagophore to promote autophagy
    • Lynch-Day M.A., et al. Trs85 directs a Ypt1 GEF, TRAPPIII, to the phagophore to promote autophagy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2010, 107:7811-7816.
    • (2010) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.107 , pp. 7811-7816
    • Lynch-Day, M.A.1
  • 42
    • 25844489089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trs85 (Gsg1), a component of the TRAPP complexes, is required for the organization of the preautophagosomal structure during selective autophagy via the Cvt pathway
    • Meiling-Wesse K., et al. Trs85 (Gsg1), a component of the TRAPP complexes, is required for the organization of the preautophagosomal structure during selective autophagy via the Cvt pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 2005, 280:33669-33678.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 33669-33678
    • Meiling-Wesse, K.1
  • 43
    • 33845345128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trs85 is required for macroautophagy, pexophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole targeting in Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Nazarko T.Y., et al. Trs85 is required for macroautophagy, pexophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole targeting in Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Autophagy 2005, 1:37-45.
    • (2005) Autophagy , vol.1 , pp. 37-45
    • Nazarko, T.Y.1
  • 44
    • 84862552255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modular TRAPP complexes regulate intracellular protein trafficking through multiple Ypt/Rab GTPases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Zou S.S., et al. Modular TRAPP complexes regulate intracellular protein trafficking through multiple Ypt/Rab GTPases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 2012, 191:451-460.
    • (2012) Genetics , vol.191 , pp. 451-460
    • Zou, S.S.1
  • 45
    • 84871811752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atg9 vesicles recruit vesicle-tethering proteins Trs85 and Ypt1 to the autophagosome formation site
    • Kakuta S., et al. Atg9 vesicles recruit vesicle-tethering proteins Trs85 and Ypt1 to the autophagosome formation site. J. Biol. Chem. 2012, 287:44261-44269.
    • (2012) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.287 , pp. 44261-44269
    • Kakuta, S.1
  • 46
    • 84878983074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ypt1 recruits the Atg1 kinase to the preautophagosomal structure
    • Wang J., et al. Ypt1 recruits the Atg1 kinase to the preautophagosomal structure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2013, 110:9800-9805.
    • (2013) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.110 , pp. 9800-9805
    • Wang, J.1
  • 47
    • 78149306025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisubunit tethering complexes and their role in membrane fusion
    • Brocker C., et al. Multisubunit tethering complexes and their role in membrane fusion. Curr. Biol. 2010, 20:R943-R952.
    • (2010) Curr. Biol. , vol.20
    • Brocker, C.1
  • 48
    • 79960774898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autophagosome precursor maturation requires homotypic fusion
    • Moreau K., et al. Autophagosome precursor maturation requires homotypic fusion. Cell 2011, 146:303-317.
    • (2011) Cell , vol.146 , pp. 303-317
    • Moreau, K.1
  • 49
    • 84872793852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connections between SNARES and autophagy
    • Moreau K., et al. Connections between SNARES and autophagy. Trends Biochem. Sci. 2013, 38:57-63.
    • (2013) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 57-63
    • Moreau, K.1
  • 50
    • 79960798816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SNARE proteins are required for macroautophagy
    • Nair U., et al. SNARE proteins are required for macroautophagy. Cell 2011, 146:290-302.
    • (2011) Cell , vol.146 , pp. 290-302
    • Nair, U.1
  • 51
    • 58849092285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane fusion: grappling with SNARE and SM proteins
    • Sudhof T.C., Rothman J.E. Membrane fusion: grappling with SNARE and SM proteins. Science 2009, 323:474-477.
    • (2009) Science , vol.323 , pp. 474-477
    • Sudhof, T.C.1    Rothman, J.E.2
  • 52
    • 84875834380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A HORMA domain in Atg13 mediates PI 3-kinase recruitment in autophagy
    • Jao C.C., et al. A HORMA domain in Atg13 mediates PI 3-kinase recruitment in autophagy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2013, 110:5486-5491.
    • (2013) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.110 , pp. 5486-5491
    • Jao, C.C.1
  • 53
    • 84880019176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine mapping of autophagy-related proteins during autophagosome formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Suzuki K., et al. Fine mapping of autophagy-related proteins during autophagosome formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Sci. 2013, 126:2534-2544.
    • (2013) J. Cell Sci. , vol.126 , pp. 2534-2544
    • Suzuki, K.1
  • 54
    • 84865251228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The autophagy-related protein kinase Atg1 interacts with the ubiquitin-like protein Atg8 via the Atg8 family interacting motif to facilitate autophagosome formation
    • Nakatogawa H., et al. The autophagy-related protein kinase Atg1 interacts with the ubiquitin-like protein Atg8 via the Atg8 family interacting motif to facilitate autophagosome formation. J. Biol. Chem. 2012, 287:28503-28507.
    • (2012) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.287 , pp. 28503-28507
    • Nakatogawa, H.1
  • 55
    • 84869222326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atg8 family proteins act as scaffolds for assembly of the Ulk complex sequence requirements for Lc3-interacting region (LIR) motifs
    • Alemu E.A., et al. Atg8 family proteins act as scaffolds for assembly of the Ulk complex sequence requirements for Lc3-interacting region (LIR) motifs. J. Biol. Chem. 2012, 287:39275-39290.
    • (2012) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.287 , pp. 39275-39290
    • Alemu, E.A.1
  • 56
    • 78649299852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of Atg1 kinase in autophagy by regulated phosphorylation
    • Kijanska M., et al. Activation of Atg1 kinase in autophagy by regulated phosphorylation. Autophagy 2010, 6:1168-1178.
    • (2010) Autophagy , vol.6 , pp. 1168-1178
    • Kijanska, M.1
  • 57
    • 84869040414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Curvature, lipid packing, and electrostatics of membrane organelles: defining cellular territories in determining specificity
    • Bigay J., Antonny B. Curvature, lipid packing, and electrostatics of membrane organelles: defining cellular territories in determining specificity. Dev. Cell 2012, 23:886-895.
    • (2012) Dev. Cell , vol.23 , pp. 886-895
    • Bigay, J.1    Antonny, B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.