Diagnosis and management of paraneoplastic neurologic disorders

Current Treatment Options in Oncology

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 528-538

  Rosenfeld, Myrna R ^a   Dalmau, Josep ^a,b  

^a HOSPITAL CLÍNIC   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

antibody; antineuronal; autoimmune; disorder; immune mediated; immunosuppression; intravenous immunoglobulins; neurologic; paraneoplastic; plasma exchange

Indexed keywords

ACICLOVIR; ALLOPURINOL; AMPHIPHYSIN; CANCER ANTIBODY; CORTICOSTEROID; CRMP5 ANTIBODY; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; HU ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; LIVE VACCINE; MA2 ANTIBODY; MACROLIDE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PREDNISONE; PROTEIN A; RECOVERIN; RI ANTIBODY; RITUXIMAB; TR ANTIBODY; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; YO ANTIBODY;

ADVERSE OUTCOME; ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; ANTIBODY TITER; ARTICLE; ASEPTIC MENINGITIS; BLOOD CLOTTING DISORDER; BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION; CANCER RISK; CATHETER INFECTION; CHILL; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; DIZZINESS; DRUG CONTRAINDICATION; DRUG COST; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCE; FEVER; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEADACHE; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTENSION; IMMUNOADSORPTION; INSOMNIA; LEUKOCYTOSIS; MUSCLE CRAMP; NAUSEA; OSTEOPOROSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PARANEOPLASTIC NEUROPATHY; PEPTIC ULCER; PLASMAPHERESIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; THROMBOCYTOSIS; VOMITING;

ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES; ANTIBODIES; BREAST NEOPLASMS; DRUG INTERACTIONS; FEMALE; GENITAL NEOPLASMS, FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNOGLOBULINS, INTRAVENOUS; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTORS; MALE; PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES, NERVOUS SYSTEM; PLASMA EXCHANGE; TESTICULAR NEOPLASMS; THYMOMA; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 84890787672     PISSN: 15272729     EISSN: 15346277     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11864-013-0249-1     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Rajabally YA: Neuropathy and paraproteins: review of a complex association. Eur J Neurol 2011, 18:1291-1298. A recent review of the neuropathic syndromes associating with serum paraproteinemias.
2. Nobile-Orazio E: Update on neuropathies associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (2008-2010). J Peripher Nerv Syst 2010, 15:302-306. A review of the neuropathies associated with MGUS including clincial features and summaries of two recent clincial trials that failed to show benefit of rituximab.
3. Graus F, Delattre JY, Antoine JC, et al. Recommended diagnostic criteria for paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004;75:1135-40.
4. Graus F, Saiz A, Dalmau J: Antibodies and neuronal autoimmune disorders of the CNS. J Neurol 2010, 257:509-517. A detailed review of anti-neuronal antibodies described in PND of the central nervous system addressing diagnostic value and potentials pitfalls and limitations of their use.
5. Vigliani MC, Magistrello M, Polo P, Mutani R, Chio A. Risk of cancer in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). A population-based study. J Neurol. 2004;251:321-6.
6. Lawn ND, Westmoreland BF, Kiely MJ, Lennon VA, Vernino S. Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalographic findings in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78:1363-8.
7. Tuzun E, Dalmau J. Limbic encephalitis and variants: classification, diagnosis and treatment. Neurologist. 2007;13:261-71.
8. Ances BM, Vitaliani R, Taylor RA, et al. Treatment-responsive limbic encephalitis identified by neuropil antibodies: MRI and PET correlates. Brain. 2005;128:1764-77.
9. Basu S, Alavi A. Role of FDG-PET in the clinical management of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome: detection of the underlying malignancy and the brain PET-MRI correlates. Mol Imaging Biol. 2008;10:131-7.
10. Clapp AJ, Hunt CH, Johnson GB, Peller PJ: Semiquantitative analysis of brain metabolism in patients with paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes. Clin Nucl Med 2013, 38:241-247. Shows how qualitative and semiquantitative analyses of brain FDG-PET studies may be helpful to evaluate patients with PND, especially patients with a normal MRI.
11. Monstad SE, Knudsen A, Salvesen HB, Aarseth JH, Vedeler CA. Onconeural antibodies in sera from patients with various types of tumours. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2009;58:1795-800.
12. Dalmau J, Gleichman AJ, Hughes EG, et al. Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7:1091-8.
13. Lai M, Hughes EG, Peng X, et al. AMPA receptor antibodies in limbic encephalitis alter synaptic receptor location. Ann Neurol. 2009;65:424-34.
14. Hughes EG, Peng X, Gleichman AJ, et al. Cellular and synaptic mechanisms of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. J Neurosci. 2010;30:5866-75.
15. Titulaer MJ, McCracken L, Gabilondo I, et al.: Treatment and prognostic factors for long-term outcome in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: an observational cohort study. Lancet Neurol 2013, 12:157-165. A series of almost 600 patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephaltis describing disease presentation, spectrum of symptoms, immunotherapies and responses, and long-term outcome.
16. Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Inuzuka T, Nakano R, Tsuji S. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated cell death in paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy with anti-Hu antibody. J Neurol Sci. 1999;163:159-62.
17. Keime-Guibert F, Graus F, Fleury A, et al. Treatment of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with antineuronal antibodies (Anti-Hu, anti-Yo) with a combination of immunoglobulins, cyclophosphamide, and methylprednisolone. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2000;68:479-82.
18. Vernino S, O'Neill BP, Marks RS, O'Fallon JR, Kimmel DW. Immunomodulatory treatment trial for paraneoplastic neurological disorders. Neuro-oncol. 2004;6:55-62.
19. Dalmau J, Graus F, Villarejo A, et al. Clinical analysis of anti-Ma2-associated encephalitis. Brain. 2004;127:1831-44.
20. Vedeler CA, Antoine JC, Giometto B, et al. Management of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: report of an EFNS Task Force. Eur J Neurol. 2006;13:682-90.
21. van Broekhoven F, de Graaf MT, Bromberg JE, et al. Human chorionic gonadotropin treatment of anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:1341-4.
22. Shams'ili S, de Beukelaar J, Gratama JW, et al. An uncontrolled trial of rituximab for antibody associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. J Neurol. 2006;253:16-20.
23. Durandy A, Kaveri SV, Kuijpers TW, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulins-understanding properties and mechanisms. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009;158 Suppl 1:2-13.
24. Martin MP, Cravens PD, Winger R, et al. Depletion of B lymphocytes from cerebral perivascular spaces by rituximab. Arch Neurol. 2009;66:1016-20.
25. Pranzatelli MR, Tate ED, Travelstead AL, Colliver JA. Long-term cerebrospinal fluid and blood lymphocyte dynamics after rituximab for pediatric opsoclonus-myoclonus. J Clin Immunol. 2010;30:106-13.
26. Batchelor TT, Platten M, Hochberg FH. Immunoadsorption therapy for paraneoplastic syndromes. J Neurooncol. 1998;40:131-6.
27. Brunklaus A, Pohl K, Zuberi SM, de Sousa C. Investigating neuroblastoma in childhood opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Arch Dis Child. 2012;97:461-3.
28. Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Aarsen FK, van Hemsbergen ML, et al. Improvement of neurological status and quality of life in children with opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome at long-term follow-up. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53:1048-53.
29. Armangue T, Titulaer MJ, Malaga I, et al. Pediatric anti-N-methyl-D- aspartate receptor encephalitis-clinical analysis and novel findings in a series of 20 patients. J Pediatr. 2013;162:850-6.
30. Drlicek M, Bianchi G, Bogliun G, et al. Antibodies of the anti-Yo and anti-Ri type in the absence of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes: a long-term survey of ovarian cancer patients. J Neurol. 1997;244:85-9.
31. Graus F, Keime-Guibert F, Rene R, et al. Anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis: analysis of 200 patients. Brain. 2001;124:1138-48.
32. Sillevis SP, Grefkens J, De Leeuw B, et al. Survival and outcome in 73 anti-Hu positive patients with paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuronopathy. J Neurol. 2002;249:745-53.
33. Vernino S, Tuite P, Adler CH, et al. Paraneoplastic chorea associated with CRMP-5 neuronal antibody and lung carcinoma. Ann Neurol. 2002;51:625-30.
34. Voltz R, Gultekin SH, Rosenfeld MR, et al. A serologic marker of paraneoplastic limbic and brain-stem encephalitis in patients with testicular cancer. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:1788-95.
35. Pittock SJ, Parisi JE, McKeon A, et al. Paraneoplastic jaw dystonia and laryngospasm with antineuronal nuclear autoantibody type 2 (anti-Ri). Arch Neurol. 2010;67:1109-15.
36. Graus F, Dalmau J, Valldeoriola F, et al. Immunological characterization of a neuronal antibody (anti-Tr) associated with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and Hodgkin's disease. J Neuroimmunol. 1997;74:55-61.
37. de Graaff E, Maat P, Hulsenboom E, et al. Identification of delta/notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor as the Tr antigen in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Ann Neurol. 2012;71:815-24.
38. Raju R, Foote J, Banga JP, et al. Analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in Stiff-Person syndrome patients. J Immunol. 2005;175:7755-62.
39. Bataller L, Rosenfeld MR, Graus F, et al. Autoantigen diversity in the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Ann Neurol. 2003;53:347-53.
40. Kirsten A, Beck S, Fuhlhuber V, et al. New autoantibodies in pediatric opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1110:256-60.
41. Bataller L, Graus F, Saiz A, Vilchez JJ. Clinical outcome in adult onset idiopathic or paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus. Brain. 2001;124:437-43.
42. Ferreyra HA, Jayasundera T, Khan NW, et al.: Management of autoimmune retinopathies with immunosuppression. Arch Ophthalmol 2009, 127:390-397. A relatively large series of patients with autoimmune retinopathies treated with immunotherapy demonstrating subgroups of responsive patients.
43. Powell SF, Dudek AZ. Treatment of melanoma-associated retinopathy. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2010;12:54-63.
44. van Sonderen A, Wirtz PW, Verschuuren JJ, Titulaer MJ: Paraneoplastic syndromes of the neuromuscular junction: therapeutic options in Myasthenia Gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, and neuromyotonia. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2013, 15:224-239. A very recent review of these three syndromes, clinical features, immune-associations, treatment responses, and cancer assocaitions.
45. Vernino S, Low PA, Fealey RD, et al. Autoantibodies to ganglionic acetylcholine receptors in autoimmune autonomic neuropathies. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:847-55.
46. Lancaster E, Huijbers MG, Bar V, et al. Investigations of Caspr2, an autoantigen of encephalitis and neuromyotonia. Ann Neurol. 2011;69:303-11.
47. Lai M, Huijbers MG, Lancaster E, et al. Investigation of LGI1 as the antigen in limbic encephalitis previously attributed to potassium channels: a case series. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:776-85.
48. Lancaster E, Lai M, Peng X, et al. Antibodies to the GABA(B) receptor in limbic encephalitis with seizures: case series and characterisation of the antigen. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:67-76.
49. Sillevis SP, Kinoshita A, De Leeuw B, et al. Paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia due to autoantibodies against a glutamate receptor. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:21-7.
50. Lancaster E, Martinez-Hernandez E, Titulaer MJ, et al. Antibodies to metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the Ophelia syndrome. Neurology. 2011;77:1698-701.
51. Hill CL, Zhang Y, Sigurgeirsson B, et al. Frequency of specific cancer types in dermatomyositis and polymyositis: a population-based study. Lancet. 2001;357:96-100.