메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 136, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 3441-3450

Hyperperfusion in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is associated with disease progression and absence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Author keywords

Magnetic resonance imaging; Neuroimmunology; Neuroinflammation; Perfusion imaging; Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ADULT; AGED; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; ARTICLE; BRAIN PERFUSION; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; CORPUS CALLOSUM; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; GRAY MATTER; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME; KARNOFSKY PERFORMANCE STATUS; MALE; PERFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; RANKIN SCALE; RISK FACTOR; SPIN LABELING; SYMPTOM;

EID: 84890509187     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: 14602156     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt268     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0021276641 scopus 로고
    • Nitrate delivery systems in perspective. A decade of progress
    • Abrams J. Nitrate delivery systems in perspective. A decade of progress. Am J Med 1984; 76: 38-46.
    • (1984) Am J Med , vol.76 , pp. 38-46
    • Abrams, J.1
  • 2
    • 0034192110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thymic dendritic cells express inducible nitric oxide synthase and generate nitric oxide in response to self-And alloantigens
    • Aiello S, Noris M, Piccinini G, Tomasoni S, Casiraghi F, Bonazzola S, et al. Thymic dendritic cells express inducible nitric oxide synthase and generate nitric oxide in response to self-And alloantigens. J Immunol 2000; 164: 4649-58.
    • (2000) J Immunol , vol.164 , pp. 4649-4658
    • Aiello, S.1    Noris, M.2    Piccinini, G.3    Tomasoni, S.4    Casiraghi, F.5    Bonazzola, S.6
  • 3
    • 0033653531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide and virus infection
    • Akaike T, Maeda H. Nitric oxide and virus infection. Immunology 2000; 101: 300-8.
    • (2000) Immunology , vol.101 , pp. 300-308
    • Akaike, T.1    Maeda, H.2
  • 4
    • 0029952944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced transit-Time sensitivity in noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging of human cerebral blood flow
    • Alsop DC, Detre JA. Reduced transit-Time sensitivity in noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging of human cerebral blood flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1996; 16: 1236-49.
    • (1996) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.16 , pp. 1236-1249
    • Alsop, D.C.1    Detre, J.A.2
  • 5
    • 0033976957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of cerebral blood flow in alzheimer's disease by spin-labeled magnetic resonance imaging
    • Alsop DC, Detre JA, Grossman M. Assessment of cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer's disease by spin-labeled magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol 2000; 47: 93-100.
    • (2000) Ann Neurol , vol.47 , pp. 93-100
    • Alsop, D.C.1    Detre, J.A.2    Grossman, M.3
  • 6
    • 33645830692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caudate blood flow and volume are reduced in hiv + neurocognitively impaired patients
    • Ances BM, Roc AC, Wang J, Korczykowski M, Okawa J, Stern J, et al. Caudate blood flow and volume are reduced in HIV + neurocognitively impaired patients. Neurology 2006; 66: 862-6.
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , pp. 862-866
    • Ances, B.M.1    Roc, A.C.2    Wang, J.3    Korczykowski, M.4    Okawa, J.5    Stern, J.6
  • 7
    • 70349327989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting cerebral blood flow: A potential biomarker of the effects of hiv in the brain
    • Ances BM, Sisti D, Vaida F, Liang CL, Leontiev O, Perthen JE, et al. Resting cerebral blood flow: a potential biomarker of the effects of HIV in the brain. Neurology 2009; 73: 702-8.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.73 , pp. 702-708
    • Ances, B.M.1    Sisti, D.2    Vaida, F.3    Liang, C.L.4    Leontiev, O.5    Perthen, J.E.6
  • 8
    • 77957184066 scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; a hitherto unrecognized complication of chronic lymphatic leukaemia and hodgkin's disease
    • Astrom KE, Mancall EL, Richardson EP Jr. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; a hitherto unrecognized complication of chronic lymphatic leukaemia and Hodgkin's disease. Brain 1958; 81: 93-111.
    • (1958) Brain , vol.81 , pp. 93-111
    • Astrom, K.E.1    Mancall, E.L.2    Richardson Jr., E.P.3
  • 9
    • 0031939019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with hiv infection
    • Berger JR, Pall L, Lanska D, Whiteman M. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with HIV infection. J Neurovirol 1998; 4: 59-68.
    • (1998) J Neurovirol , vol.4 , pp. 59-68
    • Berger, J.R.1    Pall, L.2    Lanska, D.3    Whiteman, M.4
  • 10
    • 84876266893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pml diagnostic criteria: Consensus statement from the aan neuroinfectious disease section
    • Berger JR, Aksamit AJ, Clifford DB, Davis L, Koralnik IJ, Sejvar JJ, et al. PML diagnostic criteria: consensus statement from the AAN Neuroinfectious Disease Section. Neurology 2013; 80: 1430-8.
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.80 , pp. 1430-1438
    • Berger, J.R.1    Aksamit, A.J.2    Clifford, D.B.3    Davis, L.4    Koralnik, I.J.5    Sejvar, J.J.6
  • 11
    • 1342304441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Diffusion-weighted imaging and pathological correlations
    • Bergui M, Bradac GB, Oguz KK, Boghi A, Geda C, Gatti G, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: diffusion-weighted imaging and pathological correlations. Neuroradiology 2004; 46: 22-5.
    • (2004) Neuroradiology , vol.46 , pp. 22-25
    • Bergui, M.1    Bradac, G.B.2    Oguz, K.K.3    Boghi, A.4    Geda, C.5    Gatti, G.6
  • 14
    • 52049104901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Cosottini M, Tavarelli C, Del Bono L, Doria G, Giannelli M, De Cori S, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Eur Radiol 2008; 18: 1024-30.
    • (2008) Eur Radiol , vol.18 , pp. 1024-1030
    • Cosottini, M.1    Tavarelli, C.2    Del Bono, L.3    Doria, G.4    Giannelli, M.5    De Cori, S.6
  • 15
    • 57149104587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous flow-driven inversion for arterial spin labeling using pulsed radio frequency and gradient fields
    • Dai W, Garcia D, de Bazelaire C, Alsop DC. Continuous flow-driven inversion for arterial spin labeling using pulsed radio frequency and gradient fields. Magn Reson Med 2008; 60: 1488-97.
    • (2008) Magn Reson Med , vol.60 , pp. 1488-1497
    • Dai, W.1    Garcia, D.2    De Bazelaire, C.3    Alsop, D.C.4
  • 16
    • 84859702444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced resolution transit delay prescan for quantitative continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging
    • Dai W, Robson PM, Shankaranarayanan A, Alsop DC. Reduced resolution transit delay prescan for quantitative continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 2012; 67 (5): 1252-65.
    • (2012) Magn Reson Med , vol.67 , Issue.5 , pp. 1252-1265
    • Dai, W.1    Robson, P.M.2    Shankaranarayanan, A.3    Alsop, D.C.4
  • 17
    • 1242316309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimisation of the 3d mdeft sequence for anatomical brain imaging: Technical implications at 1.5 and 3 t
    • Deichmann R, Schwarzbauer C, Turner R. Optimisation of the 3D MDEFT sequence for anatomical brain imaging: technical implications at 1.5 and 3 T. Neuroimage 2004; 21: 757-67.
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.21 , pp. 757-767
    • Deichmann, R.1    Schwarzbauer, C.2    Turner, R.3
  • 19
    • 33749848175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoperfusion in frontotemporal dementia and alzheimer disease by arterial spin labeling mri
    • Du AT, Jahng GH, Hayasaka S, Kramer JH, Rosen HJ, Gorno-Tempini ML, et al. Hypoperfusion in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease by arterial spin labeling MRI. Neurology 2006; 67: 1215-20.
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , pp. 1215-1220
    • Du, A.T.1    Jahng, G.H.2    Hayasaka, S.3    Kramer, J.H.4    Rosen, H.J.5    Gorno-Tempini, M.L.6
  • 20
    • 77952645949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic and treatment-resistant depression: A study using arterial spin labeling perfusion mri at 3tesla
    • Duhameau B, Ferre JC, Jannin P, Gauvrit JY, Verin M, Millet B, et al. Chronic and treatment-resistant depression: a study using arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI at 3Tesla. Psychiatry Res 2010; 182: 111-6.
    • (2010) Psychiatry Res , vol.182 , pp. 111-116
    • Duhameau, B.1    Ferre, J.C.2    Jannin, P.3    Gauvrit, J.Y.4    Verin, M.5    Millet, B.6
  • 21
    • 52049100199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of haart on the clinical course of hiv-1-infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Results of an observational multicenter study
    • Falco V, Olmo M, del Saz SV, Guelar A, Santos JR, Gutierrez M, et al. Influence of HAART on the clinical course of HIV-1-infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: results of an observational multicenter study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2008; 49: 26-31.
    • (2008) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.49 , pp. 26-31
    • Falco, V.1    Olmo, M.2    Del Saz, S.V.3    Guelar, A.4    Santos, J.R.5    Gutierrez, M.6
  • 22
    • 0027514356 scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide mediates vasodilatation in response to activation of n-methyl-d-Aspartate receptors in brain
    • Faraci FM, Breese KR. Nitric oxide mediates vasodilatation in response to activation of N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptors in brain. Circ Res 1993; 72: 476-80.
    • (1993) Circ Res , vol.72 , pp. 476-480
    • Faraci, F.M.1    Breese, K.R.2
  • 23
    • 79959809679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved survival of hiv-1-infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy receiving early 5-drug combination antiretroviral therapy
    • Gasnault J, Costagliola D, Hendel-Chavez H, Dulioust A, Pakianather S, Mazet AA, et al. Improved survival of HIV-1-infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy receiving early 5-drug combination antiretroviral therapy. PLoS One 2011; 6: e20967.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Gasnault, J.1    Costagliola, D.2    Hendel-Chavez, H.3    Dulioust, A.4    Pakianather, S.5    Mazet, A.A.6
  • 24
    • 84875889933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Why gray and white matter
    • Gheuens S, Wuthrich C, Koralnik IJ. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: why gray and white matter. Annu Rev Pathol 2013; 8: 189-215.
    • (2013) Annu Rev Pathol , vol.8 , pp. 189-215
    • Gheuens, S.1    Wuthrich, C.2    Koralnik, I.J.3
  • 25
    • 84866118855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic profile of pml lesions in patients with and without iris: An observational study
    • Gheuens S, Ngo L, Wang X, Alsop DC, Lenkinski RE, Koralnik IJ. Metabolic profile of PML lesions in patients with and without IRIS: an observational study. Neurology 2012; 79: 1041-8.
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.79 , pp. 1041-1048
    • Gheuens, S.1    Ngo, L.2    Wang, X.3    Alsop, D.C.4    Lenkinski, R.E.5    Koralnik, I.J.6
  • 26
    • 79960418196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of cd4 + and cd8 + t-cell responses against jc virus in the outcome of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (pml) and pml with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Gheuens S, Bord E, Kesari S, Simpson DM, Gandhi RT, Clifford DB, et al. Role of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses against JC virus in the outcome of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and PML with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. J Virol 2011; 85: 7256-63.
    • (2011) J Virol , vol.85 , pp. 7256-7263
    • Gheuens, S.1    Bord, E.2    Kesari, S.3    Simpson, D.M.4    Gandhi, R.T.5    Clifford, D.B.6
  • 27
    • 81155160126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune reconstitution is not a prognostic factor in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Harrison DM, Newsome SD, Skolasky RL, McArthur JC, Nath A. Immune reconstitution is not a prognostic factor in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 238: 81-6.
    • (2011) J Neuroimmunol , vol.238 , pp. 81-86
    • Harrison, D.M.1    Newsome, S.D.2    Skolasky, R.L.3    McArthur, J.C.4    Nath, A.5
  • 29
    • 84865477820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common and uncommon imaging findings in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (pml) with differential diagnostic considerations
    • Horger M, Beschorner R, Beck R, Nagele T, Schulze M, Ernemann U, et al. Common and uncommon imaging findings in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with differential diagnostic considerations. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2012; 114: 1123-30.
    • (2012) Clin Neurol Neurosurg , vol.114 , pp. 1123-1130
    • Horger, M.1    Beschorner, R.2    Beck, R.3    Nagele, T.4    Schulze, M.5    Ernemann, U.6
  • 30
    • 79955615254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and the central nervous system
    • Johnson T, Nath A. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and the central nervous system. Curr Opin Neurol 2011; 24: 284-90.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Neurol , vol.24 , pp. 284-290
    • Johnson, T.1    Nath, A.2
  • 31
    • 4644264062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of myoinositol is associated with disease containment in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Katz-Brull R, Lenkinski RE, Du Pasquier RA, Koralnik IJ. Elevation of myoinositol is associated with disease containment in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 2004; 63: 897-900.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 897-900
    • Katz-Brull, R.1    Lenkinski, R.E.2    Du Pasquier, R.A.3    Koralnik, I.J.4
  • 32
    • 22844439662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating treatment with natalizumab and interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis
    • Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Tyler KL. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating treatment with natalizumab and interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 369-74.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 369-374
    • Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, B.K.1    Tyler, K.L.2
  • 33
    • 22844445230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with natalizumab
    • Langer-Gould A, Atlas SW, Green AJ, Bollen AW, Pelletier D. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with natalizumab. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 375-81.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 375-381
    • Langer-Gould, A.1    Atlas, S.W.2    Green, A.J.3    Bollen, A.W.4    Pelletier, D.5
  • 34
    • 0022218534 scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone treatment of brain tumor patients: Effects on regional cerebral blood flow, blood volume, and oxygen utilization
    • Leenders KL, Beaney RP, Brooks DJ, Lammertsma AA, Heather JD, McKenzie CG. Dexamethasone treatment of brain tumor patients: effects on regional cerebral blood flow, blood volume, and oxygen utilization. Neurology 1985; 35: 1610-6.
    • (1985) Neurology , vol.35 , pp. 1610-1616
    • Leenders, K.L.1    Beaney, R.P.2    Brooks, D.J.3    Lammertsma, A.A.4    Heather, J.D.5    McKenzie, C.G.6
  • 35
    • 0242488863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Analysis of lesion development with diffusion-weighted mri
    • Mader I, Herrlinger U, Klose U, Schmidt F, Kuker W. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: analysis of lesion development with diffusion-weighted MRI. Neuroradiology 2003; 45: 717-21.
    • (2003) Neuroradiology , vol.45 , pp. 717-721
    • Mader, I.1    Herrlinger, U.2    Klose, U.3    Schmidt, F.4    Kuker, W.5
  • 36
    • 84862641330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of background suppression for arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging
    • Maleki N, Dai W, Alsop DC. Optimization of background suppression for arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging. Magma 2012; 25: 127-33.
    • (2012) Magma , vol.25 , pp. 127-133
    • Maleki, N.1    Dai, W.2    Alsop, D.C.3
  • 37
    • 79953662700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome affecting the central nervous system in patients infected with hiv
    • Martin-Blondel G, Delobel P, Blancher A, Massip P, Marchou B, Liblau RS, et al. Pathogenesis of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome affecting the central nervous system in patients infected with HIV. Brain 2011; 134 (Pt 4): 928-46.
    • (2011) Brain , vol.134 , Issue.PART 4 , pp. 928-946
    • Martin-Blondel, G.1    Delobel, P.2    Blancher, A.3    Massip, P.4    Marchou, B.5    Liblau, R.S.6
  • 39
    • 33750374586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of t cell functions
    • Niedbala W, Cai B, Liew FY. Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of T cell functions. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65 (Suppl 3): iii37-40.
    • (2006) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.65 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Niedbala, W.1    Cai, B.2    Liew, F.Y.3
  • 40
    • 75749121763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glioma recurrence versus radiation necrosis? A pilot comparison of arterial spin-labeled, dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced mri, and fdg-pet imaging
    • Ozsunar Y, Mullins ME, Kwong K, Hochberg FH, Ament C, Schaefer PW, et al. Glioma recurrence versus radiation necrosis? A pilot comparison of arterial spin-labeled, dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced MRI, and FDG-PET imaging. Acad Radiol 2010; 17: 282-90.
    • (2010) Acad Radiol , vol.17 , pp. 282-290
    • Ozsunar, Y.1    Mullins, M.E.2    Kwong, K.3    Hochberg, F.H.4    Ament, C.5    Schaefer, P.W.6
  • 41
    • 77956078815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volumetric cerebral perfusion imaging in healthy adults: Regional distribution, laterality, and repeatability of pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling (pcasl)
    • Pfefferbaum A, Chanraud S, Pitel AL, Shankaranarayanan A, Alsop DC, Rohlfing T, et al. Volumetric cerebral perfusion imaging in healthy adults: regional distribution, laterality, and repeatability of pulsed continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL). Psychiatry Res 2010; 182: 266-73.
    • (2010) Psychiatry Res , vol.182 , pp. 266-273
    • Pfefferbaum, A.1    Chanraud, S.2    Pitel, A.L.3    Shankaranarayanan, A.4    Alsop, D.C.5    Rohlfing, T.6
  • 43
    • 0036242431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in the development of selective nitric oxide synthase (nos) inhibitors
    • Salerno L, Sorrenti V, Di Giacomo C, Romeo G, Siracusa MA. Progress in the development of selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors. Curr Pharm Des 2002; 8: 177-200.
    • (2002) Curr Pharm Des , vol.8 , pp. 177-200
    • Salerno, L.1    Sorrenti, V.2    Di Giacomo, C.3    Romeo, G.4    Siracusa, M.A.5
  • 44
    • 77953952439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting-state perfusion in nonmedicated schizophrenic patients: A continuous arterial spin-labeling 3.0-T mr study
    • Scheef L, Manka C, Daamen M, Kuhn KU, Maier W, Schild HH, et al. Resting-state perfusion in nonmedicated schizophrenic patients: a continuous arterial spin-labeling 3.0-T MR study. Radiology 2010; 256: 253-60.
    • (2010) Radiology , vol.256 , pp. 253-260
    • Scheef, L.1    Manka, C.2    Daamen, M.3    Kuhn, K.U.4    Maier, W.5    Schild, H.H.6
  • 45
    • 25144440471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive astrocytes in neural repair and protection
    • Sofroniew MV. Reactive astrocytes in neural repair and protection. Neuroscientist 2005; 11: 400-7.
    • (2005) Neuroscientist , vol.11 , pp. 400-407
    • Sofroniew, M.V.1
  • 46
    • 67651154542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in non-hiv immunocompromised patients
    • Sun HY, Singh N. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009; 22: 394-402.
    • (2009) Curr Opin Infect Dis , vol.22 , pp. 394-402
    • Sun, H.Y.1    Singh, N.2
  • 47
    • 79957950558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility contrast cbf mri in postischemic hyperperfusion, hypercapnia, and after mannitol injection
    • Tanaka Y, Nagaoka T, Nair G, Ohno K, Duong TQ. Arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility contrast CBF MRI in postischemic hyperperfusion, hypercapnia, and after mannitol injection. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2011; 31: 1403-11.
    • (2011) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.31 , pp. 1403-1411
    • Tanaka, Y.1    Nagaoka, T.2    Nair, G.3    Ohno, K.4    Duong, T.Q.5
  • 48
    • 0033579881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 12 protects from a t helper type 1-mediated autoimmune disease, experimental autoimmune uveitis, through a mechanism involving interferon gamma, nitric oxide, and apoptosis
    • Tarrant TK, Silver PB, Wahlsten JL, Rizzo LV, Chan CC, Wiggert B, et al. Interleukin 12 protects from a T helper type 1-mediated autoimmune disease, experimental autoimmune uveitis, through a mechanism involving interferon gamma, nitric oxide, and apoptosis. J Exp Med 1999; 189: 219-30.
    • (1999) J Exp Med , vol.189 , pp. 219-230
    • Tarrant, T.K.1    Silver, P.B.2    Wahlsten, J.L.3    Rizzo, L.V.4    Chan, C.C.5    Wiggert, B.6
  • 49
    • 0032990672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory syncytial virus infection of human respiratory epithelial cells enhances inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression
    • Tsutsumi H, Takeuchi R, Ohsaki M, Seki K, Chiba S. Respiratory syncytial virus infection of human respiratory epithelial cells enhances inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression. J Leukoc Biol 1999; 66: 99-104.
    • (1999) J Leukoc Biol , vol.66 , pp. 99-104
    • Tsutsumi, H.1    Takeuchi, R.2    Ohsaki, M.3    Seki, K.4    Chiba, S.5
  • 50
    • 0034929751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide and t helper cell immunity
    • van der Veen RC. Nitric oxide and T helper cell immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2001; 1: 1491-500.
    • (2001) Int Immunopharmacol , vol.1 , pp. 1491-1500
    • Van Der Veen, R.C.1
  • 51
    • 41849090440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pittfalls of mri measurement of white matter perfusion based on arterial spin labeling
    • van Gelderen P, de Zwart JA, Duyn JH. Pittfalls of MRI measurement of white matter perfusion based on arterial spin labeling. Magn Reson Med 2008; 59: 788-95.
    • (2008) Magn Reson Med , vol.59 , pp. 788-795
    • Van Gelderen, P.1    De Zwart, J.A.2    Duyn, J.H.3
  • 54
    • 18344386233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fulminant inflammatory leukoencephalopathy associated with haart-induced immune restoration in aids-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Vendrely A, Bienvenu B, Gasnault J, Thiebault JB, Salmon D, Gray F. Fulminant inflammatory leukoencephalopathy associated with HAART-induced immune restoration in AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2005; 109: 449-55.
    • (2005) Acta Neuropathol , vol.109 , pp. 449-455
    • Vendrely, A.1    Bienvenu, B.2    Gasnault, J.3    Thiebault, J.B.4    Salmon, D.5    Gray, F.6
  • 55
    • 84859364248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of arterial spin-labeled perfusion imaging in acute ischemic stroke: Comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced mri
    • Wang DJ, Alger JR, Qiao JX, Hao Q, Hou S, Fiaz R, et al. The value of arterial spin-labeled perfusion imaging in acute ischemic stroke: comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI. Stroke 2012; 43: 1018-24.
    • (2012) Stroke , vol.43 , pp. 1018-1024
    • Wang, D.J.1    Alger, J.R.2    Qiao, J.X.3    Hao, Q.4    Hou, S.5    Fiaz, R.6
  • 56
  • 57
    • 0033936617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noise reduction in 3d perfusion imaging by attenuating the static signal in arterial spin tagging (assist)
    • Ye FQ, Frank JA, Weinberger DR, McLaughlin AC. Noise reduction in 3D perfusion imaging by attenuating the static signal in arterial spin tagging (ASSIST). Magn Reson Med 2000; 44: 92-100.
    • (2000) Magn Reson Med , vol.44 , pp. 92-100
    • Ye, F.Q.1    Frank, J.A.2    Weinberger, D.R.3    McLaughlin, A.C.4
  • 58
    • 84871961775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging pattern in natalizumab-Associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Yousry TA, Pelletier D, Cadavid D, Gass A, Richert ND, Radue EW, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging pattern in natalizumab-Associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 2012; 72: 779-87.
    • (2012) Ann Neurol , vol.72 , pp. 779-787
    • Yousry, T.A.1    Pelletier, D.2    Cadavid, D.3    Gass, A.4    Richert, N.D.5    Radue, E.W.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.