메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 297-318

Assessing motivations for carbon offsetting by environmentally certified tourism enterprises

Author keywords

business motivations; carbon offsetting; climate change; environmental concern

Indexed keywords

CARBON EMISSION; CLIMATE CHANGE; EMISSION CONTROL; ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE; INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE; PREFERENCE BEHAVIOR; TOURISM MANAGEMENT;

EID: 84889256608     PISSN: 13032917     EISSN: 21566909     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13032917.2012.759982     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (11)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 0034340136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why companies go green: A model of ecological responsiveness
    • Bansal, P., & Roth, K. (2000). Why companies go green: A model of ecological responsiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 717-736.
    • (2000) Academy of Management Journal , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 717-736
    • Bansal, P.1    Roth, K.2
  • 2
    • 3543094437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How tourists and tourism experts perceive climate change and carbon-offsetting schemes
    • Becken, S. (2004). How tourists and tourism experts perceive climate change and carbon-offsetting schemes. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12(4), 332-345.
    • (2004) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 332-345
    • Becken, S.1
  • 3
    • 34547749801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourists' perceptions of international air travel's impact on the global climate and potential climate change policies
    • Becken, S. (2007). Tourists' perceptions of international air travel's impact on the global climate and potential climate change policies. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 15(4), 351-368.
    • (2007) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 351-368
    • Becken, S.1
  • 4
    • 84871267576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Operators' perceptions of energy use and actual saving opportunities for tourism accommodation
    • iFirst article, June 14, 2012
    • Becken, S. (2012). Operators' perceptions of energy use and actual saving opportunities for tourism accommodation. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. iFirst article, June 14, 2012, 10.1080/109416652012688512.
    • (2012) Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research
    • Becken, S.1
  • 5
    • 0035676863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy consumption patterns in the accommodation sector - The New Zealand case
    • Becken, S., Frampton, C., & Simmons, D. (2001). Energy consumption patterns in the accommodation sector - The New Zealand case. Ecological Economics, 39(3), 371-386.
    • (2001) Ecological Economics , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 371-386
    • Becken, S.1    Frampton, C.2    Simmons, D.3
  • 6
    • 84949438402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clevedon,: Channel View Publications
    • Becken, S., & Hay, J. E. (2007). Tourism and climate change: Risks and opportunities. Clevedon: Channel View Publications.
    • (2007)
    • Becken, S.1    Hay, J.E.2
  • 7
    • 84905616798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London and New York,: Routledge
    • Becken, S., & Hay, J. E. (2012). Climate change and tourism: From policy to practice. London and New York: Routledge.
    • (2012)
    • Becken, S.1    Hay, J.E.2
  • 8
    • 84868278185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifestyle values, resilience, and nature-based tourisms' contribution to conservation on Australia's Great Barrier Reef
    • I FirstView article, 16 August 2012
    • Biggs, D., Ban, N. C., & Hall, C. M. (2012). Lifestyle values, resilience, and nature-based tourisms' contribution to conservation on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Environmental Conservation. I FirstView article, 16 August 2012, 10.1017/S0376892912000239.
    • (2012) Environmental Conservation
    • Biggs, D.1    Ban, N.C.2    Hall, C.M.3
  • 9
    • 84909206152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voluntary carbon offsets - A contribution to sustainable tourism?
    • In: Gössling S., Hall C. M., Weaver D., editors Hoboken, NJ,: Routledge
    • Broderick, J. (2008). Voluntary carbon offsets - A contribution to sustainable tourism? In S.Gössling, C. M.Hall & D.Weaver (Eds.), Sustainable tourism futures: Perspectives on systems, restructuring and innovations (pp. 169-199). Hoboken, NJ: Routledge.
    • (2008) , pp. 169-199
    • Broderick, J.1
  • 11
    • 85126575535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the sky the limit for carbon offsetting? Corporate responsibility, consumer sovereignty and commitment in the airline industry
    • (Master's Thesis). Birbeck College, University of London
    • Cafferty, C. (2011). Is the sky the limit for carbon offsetting? Corporate responsibility, consumer sovereignty and commitment in the airline industry(Master's Thesis). Birbeck College, University of London.
    • (2011)
  • 12
    • 84889263979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Denmark,: BEST Education Network, Retrieved November 20, 2012, from
    • Carlsen, J., Liburd, J., Edwards, D. & Forde, P. (Eds.). (2008). Innovation for sustainable tourism: International case studies. Denmark: BEST Education Network. Retrieved November 20, 2012, from www.besteducationnetwork.org/books/pdf/2007/Case%20Study%20Publication%20full.pdf.
    • (2008)
    • Carlsen, J.1    Liburd, J.2    Edwards, D.3    Forde, P.4
  • 13
    • 79955748200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eyes wide shut? UK consumer perceptions of aviation climate impacts and travel decisions to New Zealand
    • Cohen, S. A., & Higham, J. E. S. (2011). Eyes wide shut? UK consumer perceptions of aviation climate impacts and travel decisions to New Zealand. Current Issues in Tourism, 14(4), 323-335.
    • (2011) Current Issues in Tourism , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 323-335
    • Cohen, S.A.1    Higham, J.E.S.2
  • 14
    • 3543120480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmentally sustainable tourism: A case for carbon trading at Northern Queensland hotels and resorts
    • Curtis, I. A. (2002). Environmentally sustainable tourism: A case for carbon trading at Northern Queensland hotels and resorts. Australian Journal of Environmental Management, 9, 27-36.
    • (2002) Australian Journal of Environmental Management , vol.9 , pp. 27-36
    • Curtis, I.A.1
  • 15
    • 33750036421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of tourist operator attitudes to renewable energy supply in Queensland, Australia
    • Dalton, G. J., Lockington, D. A., & Baldock, T. E. (2007). A survey of tourist operator attitudes to renewable energy supply in Queensland, Australia. Renewable Energy, 32, 567-586.
    • (2007) Renewable Energy , vol.32 , pp. 567-586
    • Dalton, G.J.1    Lockington, D.A.2    Baldock, T.E.3
  • 17
    • 84979789861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon footprint of the global hotel companies: Comparison of methodologies and results
    • De Grosbois, D., & Fennell, D. (2011). Carbon footprint of the global hotel companies: Comparison of methodologies and results. Tourism Recreation Research, 36(3), 231-245.
    • (2011) Tourism Recreation Research , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-245
    • De Grosbois, D.1    Fennell, D.2
  • 20
    • 84889254407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standford,: Center on Ecotourism and Sustainable Development
    • Driscoll, L., Mansfield, C., & Strasdas, W. (2007). Nature tour operators' attitudes and actions concerning travel related greenhouse gas emissions: Summary of results. Standford: Center on Ecotourism and Sustainable Development.
    • (2007)
    • Driscoll, L.1    Mansfield, C.2    Strasdas, W.3
  • 21
    • 84889260600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voluntary carbon offsetting. Fact sheet
    • Earth Check, Retrieved October 11, 2012, from (n.d.)
    • Earth Check(n.d.). Voluntary carbon offsetting. Fact sheet. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://ec3global.com/resources/fact-sheets.aspx.
  • 22
    • 79959255905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voluntary carbon offsets a solution for reducing tourism emissions? Assessment of communication aspects and mitigation potential
    • Eijgelaar, E. (2011). Voluntary carbon offsets a solution for reducing tourism emissions? Assessment of communication aspects and mitigation potential. European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research, 11(3), 281-296.
    • (2011) European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 281-296
    • Eijgelaar, E.1
  • 23
    • 77951152946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antarctic cruise tourism: The paradoxes of ambassadorship, "last chance tourism" and greenhouse gas emissions
    • Eijgelaar, E., Thaper, C., & Peeters, P. (2010). Antarctic cruise tourism: The paradoxes of ambassadorship, "last chance tourism" and greenhouse gas emissions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(3), 337-354.
    • (2010) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 337-354
    • Eijgelaar, E.1    Thaper, C.2    Peeters, P.3
  • 24
    • 84889258148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ENDS carbon offset providers directory
    • Environmental Data Services (ENDS), Retrieved September 7, 2012, from
    • Environmental Data Services (ENDS) (2012). The ENDS carbon offset providers directory. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://www.endscarbonoffsets.com/directory/.
    • (2012)
  • 25
    • 84889262953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purchasing carbon offset flights in Australia: An exploration of airline websites
    • In: Richardson S., Fredline L., Patiar A., Ternel M., editors Gold Coast,: Griffith University
    • Frew, E., & Winter, C. (2008). Purchasing carbon offset flights in Australia: An exploration of airline websites. In S.Richardson, L.Fredline, A.Patiar & M.Ternel (Eds.), CAUTHE 2008 conference: Tourism and hospitality research, training and practice: "Where the bloody hell are we?"Gold Coast: Griffith University.
    • (2008)
    • Frew, E.1    Winter, C.2
  • 26
    • 84889260894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London,: Routledge
    • Gössling, S. (2010). management in tourism: Mitigating the impacts on climate change. London: Routledge.
    • (2010)
    • Gössling, S.1
  • 28
    • 67649111858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swedish air travellers and voluntary carbon offsets: Towards the co-creation of environmental value?
    • Gössling, S., Haglund, L., Kallgren, H., Revahl, M., & Hultman, J. (2009). Swedish air travellers and voluntary carbon offsets: Towards the co-creation of environmental value?Current Issues in Tourism, 12(1), 1-19.
    • (2009) Current Issues in Tourism , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-19
    • Gössling, S.1    Haglund, L.2    Kallgren, H.3    Revahl, M.4    Hultman, J.5
  • 29
    • 84889253684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hoboken, NJ,: Routledge
    • Gössling, S., Hall, C. M. & Weaver, D. (Eds.). (2009). Sustainable tourism futures: Perspectives on systems, restructuring and innovations. Hoboken, NJ: Routledge.
    • (2009)
    • Gössling, S.1    Hall, C.M.2    Weaver, D.3
  • 30
    • 77951160997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing carbon neutral destination policies: Issues from the Seychelles
    • Gössling, S., & Schumacher, K. P. (2010). Implementing carbon neutral destination policies: Issues from the Seychelles. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(3), 377-391.
    • (2010) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-391
    • Gössling, S.1    Schumacher, K.P.2
  • 32
    • 34047266040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Zealand tourism entrepreneur attitudes and behaviours with respect to climate change adaptation and mitigation
    • Hall, C. M. (2006). New Zealand tourism entrepreneur attitudes and behaviours with respect to climate change adaptation and mitigation. Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 1(3), 229-237.
    • (2006) Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-237
    • Hall, C.M.1
  • 33
    • 84979742814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumerism, tourism and voluntary simplicity: We all have to consume, but do we really have to travel so much to be happy?
    • Hall, C. M. (2011). Consumerism, tourism and voluntary simplicity: We all have to consume, but do we really have to travel so much to be happy?Tourism Recreation Research, 36(3), 298-303.
    • (2011) Tourism Recreation Research , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 298-303
    • Hall, C.M.1
  • 34
    • 84949474801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clevedon,: Channel View Publications
    • Hall, C. M. & Higham, J. (Eds.). (2005). Tourism, recreation and climate change. Clevedon: Channel View Publications.
    • (2005)
    • Hall, C.M.1    Higham, J.2
  • 35
    • 84918870080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London,: Routledge
    • Hall, C. M., & Williams, A. (2008). Tourism and innovation. London: Routledge.
    • (2008)
    • Hall, C.M.1    Williams, A.2
  • 36
    • 84889237516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Offsetting carbon dioxide emissions from tourism
    • Orthodox Academy of Crete, Kolimbari, Greece, June 8-11, 2004. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from
    • Hart, P., Becken, S., & Turney, I. (2004). Offsetting carbon dioxide emissions from tourism. Abstracts, Second International Workshop on Climate, Tourism and Recreation, Orthodox Academy of Crete, Kolimbari, Greece, June 8-11, 2004. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://www.urbanclimate.net/cctr/ws2/report/hartbeckenturney.pdf.
    • (2004) Abstracts, Second International Workshop on Climate, Tourism and Recreation
    • Hart, P.1    Becken, S.2    Turney, I.3
  • 37
    • 78649864386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canary in the coalmine: Norwegian attitudes towards climate change and extreme long-haul air travel to Aotearoa/New Zealand
    • Higham, J. E. S., & Cohen, S. A. (2011). Canary in the coalmine: Norwegian attitudes towards climate change and extreme long-haul air travel to Aotearoa/New Zealand. Tourism Management, 32, 98-105.
    • (2011) Tourism Management , vol.32 , pp. 98-105
    • Higham, J.E.S.1    Cohen, S.A.2
  • 38
    • 70350721510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of innovation research in tourism
    • Hjalager, A. M. (2010). A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism Management, 31(1), 1-12.
    • (2010) Tourism Management , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-12
    • Hjalager, A.M.1
  • 39
    • 84889244000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kaikoura Information and Tourism 2012, from
    • Kaikoura Information and Tourism (2012). How can you help? Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://www.kaikoura.co.nz/main/How_to_help/.
    • (2012) How can you help? Retrieved September 7
  • 40
    • 84996617494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London,: Earthscan
    • Kollmuss, A., Lazarus, M., Lee, C., LeFranc, M., & Polycarp, C. (2010). Handbook of carbon offset programs: Trading systems, funds, protocols and standards. London: Earthscan.
    • (2010)
    • Kollmuss, A.1    Lazarus, M.2    Lee, C.3    LeFranc, M.4    Polycarp, C.5
  • 41
    • 74449083821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How green was my festival: Exploring the challenges and opportunities associated with staging green events
    • Laing, J., & Frost, W. (2010). How green was my festival: Exploring the challenges and opportunities associated with staging green events. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29, 261-267.
    • (2010) International Journal of Hospitality Management , vol.29 , pp. 261-267
    • Laing, J.1    Frost, W.2
  • 42
    • 56949107983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivations for corporate social and environmental responsibility: A case study of Scandinavian Airlines
    • Lynes, J. K., & Andrachuk, M. (2008). Motivations for corporate social and environmental responsibility: A case study of Scandinavian Airlines. Journal of International Management, 14, 377-390.
    • (2008) Journal of International Management , vol.14 , pp. 377-390
    • Lynes, J.K.1    Andrachuk, M.2
  • 43
    • 79551707464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring air travellers' voluntary carbon-offsetting behaviour
    • Mair, J. (2011). Exploring air travellers' voluntary carbon-offsetting behaviour. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(2), 215-230.
    • (2011) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 215-230
    • Mair, J.1
  • 44
    • 84889241887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achieving sustainability in business events: Challenging the role of personal values
    • In: Hergesell A., Liburd J. J., editors Sydney,: University of Technology Sydney
    • Mair, J., & Jago, L. K. (2009). Achieving sustainability in business events: Challenging the role of personal values. In A.Hergesell & J. J.Liburd (Eds.), BEST EN Think Tank IX: The importance of values in sustainable tourism (pp. 354-366). Sydney: University of Technology Sydney.
    • (2009) , pp. 354-366
    • Mair, J.1    Jago, L.K.2
  • 45
    • 77949374234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of a conceptual model of greening in the business events tourism sector
    • Mair, J., & Jago, L. (2010). The development of a conceptual model of greening in the business events tourism sector. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(1), 77-94.
    • (2010) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-94
    • Mair, J.1    Jago, L.2
  • 46
    • 84861516896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The greening of music festivals: Motivations, barriers and outcomes. Applying the Mair and Jago model
    • Mair, J., & Laing, J. (2012). The greening of music festivals: Motivations, barriers and outcomes. Applying the Mair and Jago model. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(5), 683-700.
    • (2012) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 683-700
    • Mair, J.1    Laing, J.2
  • 47
    • 84889256479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An elicitation study to explore attitudes towards purchasing carbon offsets for flights
    • CAUTHE 2010 conference: Tourism: Challenge the limits. Hobart: University of Tasmania
    • Mair, J., & Wong, E. P. Y. (2010). An elicitation study to explore attitudes towards purchasing carbon offsets for flights. CAUTHE 2010 conference: Tourism: Challenge the limits. Hobart: University of Tasmania.
    • (2010)
    • Mair, J.1    Wong, E.P.Y.2
  • 48
    • 77951173063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achieving voluntary reductions in the carbon footprint of tourism and climate change
    • McKercher, B., Prideaux, B., Cheung, C., & Law, R. (2010). Achieving voluntary reductions in the carbon footprint of tourism and climate change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(3), 297-317.
    • (2010) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 297-317
    • McKercher, B.1    Prideaux, B.2    Cheung, C.3    Law, R.4
  • 49
    • 77957567201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting energy strategies on eco-certified accommodation websites
    • Nelson, V. (2010). Promoting energy strategies on eco-certified accommodation websites. Journal of Ecotourism, 9(3), 187-200.
    • (2010) Journal of Ecotourism , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 187-200
    • Nelson, V.1
  • 50
    • 84865241303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Going green: The adoption of environmental initiatives in Michigan's lodging sector
    • Nicholls, S., & Kang, S. (2012). Going green: The adoption of environmental initiatives in Michigan's lodging sector. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(7), 953-974.
    • (2012) Journal of Sustainable Tourism , vol.20 , Issue.7 , pp. 953-974
    • Nicholls, S.1    Kang, S.2
  • 51
    • 77954645568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small businesses and the environment: Turning over a new leaf?
    • Revell, A., Stokes, D., & Chen, H. (2010). Small businesses and the environment: Turning over a new leaf?Business Strategy and the Environment, 19, 273-288.
    • (2010) Business Strategy and the Environment , vol.19 , pp. 273-288
    • Revell, A.1    Stokes, D.2    Chen, H.3
  • 52
    • 84889251892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bingley, UK,: Emerald
    • Schott, C. (Ed.). (2010). Tourism and the implications of climate change: Issues and actions. Bingley, UK: Emerald.
    • (2010)
    • Schott, C.1
  • 53
    • 84862109376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International tourism and climate change
    • Published online: March 22, 2012
    • Scott, D., Gössling, S., & Hall, C. M. (2012). International tourism and climate change. WIRES climate change. Published online: March 22, 2012, 10.1002/wcc.165.
    • (2012) WIRES climate change
    • Scott, D.1    Gössling, S.2    Hall, C.M.3
  • 54
    • 84917311523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London and New York,: Routledge
    • Scott, D., Hall, C. M., & Gössling, S. (2012). Tourism and climate change: Impacts, adaptation and mitigation. London and New York: Routledge.
    • (2012)
    • Scott, D.1    Hall, C.M.2    Gössling, S.3
  • 55
    • 84889243449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paris,: UNEP
    • Simpson, M. C., Gössling, S., Scott, D., Hall, C. M., & Gladin, E. (2008). Climate change adaptation and mitigation in the tourism sector: Frameworks, tools and practices. Paris: UNEP.
    • (2008)
    • Simpson, M.C.1    Gössling, S.2    Scott, D.3    Hall, C.M.4    Gladin, E.5
  • 56
    • 67650248595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon emission offsets for aviation-generated emissions due to international travel to and from New Zealand
    • Smith, I. J., & Rodger, C. J. (2009). Carbon emission offsets for aviation-generated emissions due to international travel to and from New Zealand. Energy Policy, 37(9), 3438-3447.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , Issue.9 , pp. 3438-3447
    • Smith, I.J.1    Rodger, C.J.2
  • 57
    • 84871318611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospitality industry responses to climate change: A benchmark study of Taiwanese tourist hotels
    • iFirst article, June 14, 2012
    • Su, Y. P., Hall, C. M., & Ozanne, L. (2012). Hospitality industry responses to climate change: A benchmark study of Taiwanese tourist hotels. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. iFirst article, June 14, 2012, 10.1080/10941665.2012.688513.
    • (2012) Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research
    • Su, Y.P.1    Hall, C.M.2    Ozanne, L.3
  • 59
    • 84889262753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourism Futures National Conference 2008 Issues Analysis
    • Tony Charters and Associates, Retrieved April 27, 2012, from
    • Tony Charters and Associates (2008). Tourism Futures National Conference 2008 Issues Analysis. Retrieved April 27, 2012, from http://www.tourismfutures.com.au/2008/IssuesAnalysis.pdf.
    • (2008)
  • 60
    • 84889258499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourism Australia, Sydney,: Business Events Australia, Tourism Australia, Retrieved September 7, 2012, from
    • Tourism Australia (2010). Destination CSR: How Australia's travelling in 2010. A corporate social responsibility audit of Australia's business events industry. Sydney: Business Events Australia, Tourism Australia. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://www.businessevents.australia.com/.
    • (2010) A corporate social responsibility audit of Australia's business events industry
  • 61
    • 84889243724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outback offsets
    • Tourism Northern Territory, Retrieved September 7, 2012, from
    • Tourism Northern Territory (2009). Outback offsets. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://stage.tourismnt.com.au/industry-resources/going-green/outback-offsets.aspx.
    • (2009)
  • 62
    • 84889250913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Offsetting your carbon footprint
    • Tourism Queensland, Factsheet 3.4. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from
    • Tourism Queensland (2009). Offsetting your carbon footprint. Factsheet 3.4. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://www.tq.com.au/.
    • (2009)
  • 63
    • 84889245017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourism environmental indicators fact sheet
    • Tourism Queensland, Retrieved September 7, 2012, from
    • Tourism Queensland (2010a). Tourism environmental indicators fact sheet. Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://www.tq.com.au/.
    • (2010)
  • 65
    • 84889255116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Welcome to trees for travellers!
    • Trees for Travellers, Retrieved September 7, 2012, from
    • Trees for Travellers (2012). Welcome to trees for travellers!Retrieved September 7, 2012, from http://www.treesfortravellers.co.nz/.
    • (2012)
  • 66
    • 0037256613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The "greening" of tourism micro-businesses: Outcomes of focus group investigations in South East Cornwall
    • Vernon, J., Essex, S., Pinder, D., & Curry, K. (2003). The "greening" of tourism micro-businesses: Outcomes of focus group investigations in South East Cornwall. Business Strategy and the Environment, 12, 49-69.
    • (2003) Business Strategy and the Environment , vol.12 , pp. 49-69
    • Vernon, J.1    Essex, S.2    Pinder, D.3    Curry, K.4
  • 67
    • 84859064425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring and examining the relevance of discretionary corporate social responsibility in tourism: Some preliminary evidence from the U.K. conference sector
    • Whitfield, J., & Dioko, L. A. N. (2012). Measuring and examining the relevance of discretionary corporate social responsibility in tourism: Some preliminary evidence from the U.K. conference sector. Journal of Travel Research, 51(3), 289-302.
    • (2012) Journal of Travel Research , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-302
    • Whitfield, J.1    Dioko, L.A.N.2
  • 69
    • 84860180804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and tourism in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park
    • Zeppel, H. (2012a). Climate change and tourism in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Current Issues in Tourism, 15(3), 287-292.
    • (2012) Current Issues in Tourism , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 287-292
    • Zeppel, H.1
  • 70
    • 84862107058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collaborative governance for low-carbon tourism: Climate change initiatives by Australian tourism agencies
    • Zeppel, H. (2012b). Collaborative governance for low-carbon tourism: Climate change initiatives by Australian tourism agencies. Current Issues in Tourism, 15(7), 603-626.
    • (2012) Current Issues in Tourism , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 603-626
    • Zeppel, H.1
  • 71
    • 84874611721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and tourism futures: Responses by Australian tourism agencies
    • Published online: April 23, 2012
    • Zeppel, H., & Beaumont, N. (2012a). Climate change and tourism futures: Responses by Australian tourism agencies. Tourism and Hospitality Research, Published online: April 23, 2012. 10.1177/146735841244807.
    • (2012) Tourism and Hospitality Research
    • Zeppel, H.1    Beaumont, N.2
  • 72
    • 84889261583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The new green age: Carbon mitigation by Queensland tourism enterprises
    • In: Lade C., Melsen L., editors Melbourne,: La Trobe University
    • Zeppel, H., & Beaumont, N. (2012b). The new green age: Carbon mitigation by Queensland tourism enterprises. In C.Lade & L.Melsen (Eds.), CAUTHE 2012 national conference: The new golden age of tourism and hospitality (pp. 630-647). Melbourne: La Trobe University.
    • (2012) , pp. 630-647
    • Zeppel, H.1    Beaumont, N.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.