The spectre of race in American medicine

Medical Humanities

Volumn 39, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 137-141

  Fofana, Mariam O ^a,b  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANCESTRY GROUP; ARTICLE; HUMAN; MEDICAL RESEARCH; SOCIAL JUSTICE; UNITED STATES;

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; HUMANS; SOCIAL JUSTICE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84888130788     PISSN: 1468215X     EISSN: 14734265     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/medhum-2013-010374     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Brody H, Hunt LM. BiDil: assessing a race-based pharmaceutical. Ann Fam Med 2006;4:556-560.
2. Schwartz RS. Racial profiling in medical research. N Engl J Med 2001;344: 1392-1393.
3. LaVeist TA. Beyond dummy variables and sample selection: what health services researchers ought to know about race as a variable. In: LaVeist TA. ed Race, ethnicity, and health: a public health reader. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2002:115-128.
4. Pálsson G. How deep is the skin? The geneticization of race and medicine. BioSocieties 2007;2:257.
5. Tishkoff SA, Kidd KK. Implications of biogeography of human populations for 'race' and medicine. Nat Genet 2004;36:S21-27.
6. Krieger N. Shades of difference: theoretical underpinnings of the medical controversy on black/white differences in the United States, 1830-1870. In: LaVeist TA. ed Race, ethnicity, and health: a public health reader. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2002:11-33.
7. Harrison LW. The Oslo study of untreated syphilis, review and commentary. Br J Vener Dis 1956;32:70-78.
8. King PA. The dangers of difference. In: Beauchamp TL, Walters L, Kahn JP, etal., eds. Contemporary issues in bioethics. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2008:82-85.
9. Cooper RS, Kaufman JS, Ward R. Race and genomics. N Engl J Med 2003;348:1166-1170.
10. Exner DV, Dries DL, Domanski MJ, etal. Lesser response to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor therapy in black as compared with white patients with left ventricular dysfunction. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1351-1357.
11. Wood AJ. Racial differences in the response to drugs-pointers to genetic differences. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1394-1396.
12. Franciosa JA, Taylor AL, Cohn JN, et al. African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT): rationale, design, and methodology. J Card Fail 2002;8:128-135.
13. Dries DL, Strong MH, Cooper RS, et al. Efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in reducing progression from asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction to symptomatic heart failure in black and white patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:311-317.
14. Kahn J, Sankar P. Being specific about race-specific medicine. Health Aff (Millwood) 2006;25:w375-377.
15. Institute of Medicine (IOM). Race, ethnicity, and language data: standardization for health care quality improvement. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2009:181.
16. Root M. The problem of race in medicine. Philosophy of the Social Sciences 2001;31:20-39.
17. Stolley PD. Reply to commentaries by Drs. Krieger and LaVeist on "Race in epidemiology". Int J Health Serv 2000;30:221-222.
18. Ncayiyana DJ. Racial profiling in medical research: what are we measuring? S Afr Med J 2007;97:1225-1226.
19. Rivara F, Finberg L. Use of the terms race and ethnicity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155:119.
20. Jones CP, LaVeist TA, Lillie-Blanton M. "Race" in the epidemiologic literature: an examination of the American Journal of Epidemiology, 1921-1990. Am J Epidemiol 1991;134:1079-1084.
21. Comstock RD, Castillo EM, Lindsay SP. Four-year review of the use of race and ethnicity in epidemiologic and public health research. Am J Epidemiol 2004;159:611-619.
22. Payne PW, Royal C. The role of genetic and sociopolitical definitions of race in clinical trials. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2007;15(Suppl 1):S100-4.
23. Burchard EG, Ziv E, Coyle N, et al. The importance of race and ethnic background in biomedical research and clinical practice. N Engl J Med 2003;348: 1170-1175.
24. Brunsma DL, Rockquemore KA. What does "Black" mean? Exploring the epistemological stranglehold of racial categorization. Critical Sociology 2002;28:101-121.
25. Sinha M, Larkin EK, Elston RC, et al. Self-reported race and genetic admixture. N Engl J Med 2006;354:421-422.
26. Jain DL, Sarathi V, Upadhye D, et al. Newborn screening shows a high incidence of sickle cell anemia in Central India. Hemoglobin 2012;36:316-322.
27. Van Ryn M, Burke J. The effect of patient race and socioeconomic status on physicians' perception of patients. In: LaVeist TA. ed Race, ethnicity, and health: a public health reader. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2002:547-574.
28. Haider AH, Sexton J, Sriram N, et al. Association of unconscious race and social class bias with vignette-based clinical assessments by medical students. JAMA 2011;306:942-951.
29. Finucane TE, Carrese JA. Racial bias in presentation of cases. J Gen Intern Med 1990;5:120-121.
30. MacLeod A. Six ways problem-based learning cases can sabotage patient-centered medical education. Acad Med 2011;86:818-825.
31. Nawaz H, Brett AS. Mentioning race at the beginning of clinical case presentations: a survey of US medical schools. Med Educ 2009;43:146-154.
32. Brody H. Pens and other pharmaceutical industry gifts. Am J Bioeth 2003;3:58-60.
33. Steinman MA, Shlipak MG, McPhee SJ. Of principles and pens: attitudes and practices of medicine housestaff toward pharmaceutical industry promotions. Am J Med 2001;110:551-557.
34. Acquaviva KD, Mintz M. Perspective: are we teaching racial profiling? The dangers of subjective determinations of race and ethnicity in case presentations. Acad Med 2010;85:702-705.
35. Garcia RS. The misuse of race in medical diagnosis. Pediatrics 2004;113:1394-1395.
36. Turbes S, Krebs E, Axtell S. The hidden curriculum in multicultural medical education: the role of case examples. Acad Med 2002;77:209-216.