Obesity: Its epidemiology, comorbidities, and management

Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

Volumn 15, Issue 5, 2013, Pages

  Jarolimova, Jana ^a   Tagoni, James ^b   Stern, Theodore A ^a,b  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; BETA CAROTENE; CHOLESTEROL; CLOZAPINE; GASTRIC INHIBITORY POLYPEPTIDE; LORAZEPAM; LORCASERIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; MELANOCORTIN; METRONIDAZOLE; MIRTAZAPINE; MOOD STABILIZER; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; OLANZAPINE; PHENTERMINE PLUS TOPIRAMATE; RETINOL; TETRAHYDROLIPSTATIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; VITAMIN D;

ANASARCA; ANOREXIA; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO ILLNESS; BARIATRIC SURGERY; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COGNITIVE THERAPY; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSION; FECES INCONTINENCE; FLATUS WITH DISCHARGE; FOOD AVERSION; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEART RATE; HUMAN; HYPOALBUMINEMIA; LONG TERM CARE; LOSS OF APPETITE; MEDICAL ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL HISTORY; MENTAL DISEASE; MUSCLE ATROPHY; NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY; OBESITY; OILY SPOTTING; PATIENT ATTITUDE; PATIENT DECISION MAKING; PHYSICIAN ATTITUDE; PLEURA EFFUSION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SIDE EFFECT; STOMACH BYPASS; THORAX DRAINAGE; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VITAMIN DEFICIENCY; WEIGHT GAIN; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 84888114375     PISSN: 15235998     EISSN: 1555211X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4088/PCC.12f01475     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Simpson JA, MacInnis RJ, Peeters A, et al. A comparison of adiposity measures as predictors of all-cause mortality: the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15(4):994-1003. PubMed doi:10.1038/oby.2007.622 Show Abstract Show Abstract
2. Chan DC, Watts GF, Barrett PH, et al. Waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index as predictors of adipose tissue compartments in men. QJM. 2003;96(6):441-447. PubMed doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcg069 Show Abstract Show Abstract
3. Kissebah AH, Krakower GR. Regional adiposity and morbidity. Physiol Rev. 1994;74(4):761-811. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
4. National Institutes of Health. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: the Evidence Report. Obes Res. 1998;6(suppl 2):51S-209S. PubMed doi:10.1002/j.1550-8528.1998.tb00690.x Show Abstract Show Abstract
5. Baker S, Barlow S, Cochran W, et al. Overweight children and adolescents: a clinical report of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005;40(5):533-543. PubMed doi:10.1097/01.MPG.0000161147.16590.12 Show Abstract Show Abstract
6. Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA. 2003;289(1):76-79. PubMed doi:10.1001/jama.289.1.76 Show Abstract Show Abstract
7. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, et al. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA. 2010;303(3):235-241. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.2014 PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
8. Choi JY. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US immigrants: results of the 2003 New Immigrant Survey. J Immigr Minor Health. 2012;14(6):1112-1118. PubMed doi:10.1007/s10903-011-9560-8 Show Abstract Show Abstract
9. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, et al. Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 2007-2008. JAMA. 2010;303(3):242-249. PubMed doi:10.1001/jama.2009.2012 Show Abstract Show Abstract
10. Jeffery RW, French SA. Preventing weight gain in adults: design, methods and one year results from the Pound of Prevention Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997;21(6):457-464. PubMed doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800431 Show Abstract Show Abstract
11. Williamson DF. Descriptive epidemiology of body weight and weight change in US adults. Ann Intern Med. 1993;119(7, pt 2):646-649. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00004 Show Abstract Show Abstract
12. Yanovski JA, Yanovski SZ, Sovik KN, et al. A prospective study of holiday weight gain. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(12):861-867. PubMed doi:10.1056/NEJM200003233421206 Show Abstract Show Abstract
13. Wang Y, Beydoun MA, Liang L, et al. Will all Americans become overweight or obese? estimating the progression and cost of the US obesity epidemic. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008;16(10):2323-2330. PubMed doi:10.1038/oby.2008.351 Show Abstract Show Abstract
14. Leibel RL, Rosenbaum M, Hirsch J. Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight. N Engl J Med. 1995;332(10):621-628. PubMed doi:10.1056/NEJM199503093321001 Show Abstract Show Abstract
15. Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M, et al. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature. 1994;372(6505):425-432. PubMed doi:10.1038/372425a0 Show Abstract Show Abstract
16. Miyawaki K, Yamada Y, Ban N, et al. Inhibition of gastric inhibitory polypeptide signaling prevents obesity. Nat Med. 2002;8(7):738-742. PubMed doi:10.1038/nm727 Show Abstract Show Abstract
17. Wardle J, Carnell S, Haworth CM, et al. Evidence for a strong genetic influence on childhood adiposity despite the force of the obesogenic environment. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(2):398-404. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
18. Tam EM, Lam RW, Robertson HA, et al. Atypical depressive symptoms in seasonal and nonseasonal mood disorders. J Affect Disord. 1997;44(1):39-44. PubMed doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(97)01447-X Show Abstract Show Abstract
19. Sarwer DB, Wadden TA, Fabricatore AN. Psychosocial and behavioral aspects of bariatric surgery. Obes Res. 2005;13(4):639-648. PubMed doi:10.1038/oby.2005.71 Show Abstract Show Abstract
20. Wadden TA, Sarwer DB, Womble LG, et al. Psychosocial aspects of obesity and obesity surgery. Surg Clin North Am. 2001;81(5):1001-1024. PubMed doi:10.1016/S0039-6109(05)70181-X Show Abstract Show Abstract
21. Bardia A, Holtan SG, Slezak JM, et al. Diagnosis of obesity by primary care physicians and impact on obesity management. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(8):927-932. PubMed doi:10.4065/82.8.927 Show Abstract Show Abstract
22. Guo SS, Chumlea WC. Tracking of body mass index in children in relation to overweight in adulthood. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70(1):145s-148s. PubMed
23. Magarey AM, Daniels LA, Boulton TJ, et al. Predicting obesity in early adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. J Int Assoc Study Obesity. 2003;27(4):505-513. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802251
24. Mustillo S, Worthman C, Erkanli A, et al. Obesity and psychiatric disorder: developmental trajectories. Pediatrics. 2003;111(4, pt 1):851-859. PubMed doi:10.1542/peds.111.4.851 Show Abstract Show Abstract
25. Saunders MR, Watson KT, Tak HJ. Social factors in childhood and adulthood associated with adult obesity in African American and white women. ISRN Public Health. 2012. doi:10.5402/2012/931854
26. Pagoto S, Bodenlos JS, Kantor L, et al. Association of major depression and binge eating disorder with weight loss in a clinical setting. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15(11):2557-2559. PubMed doi:10.1038/oby.2007.307 Show Abstract Show Abstract
27. Amianto F, Lavagnino L, Leombruni P, et al. Hypomania across the binge eating spectrum: a study on hypomanic symptoms in full criteria and subthreshold binge-eating subjects. J Affect Disord. 2011;133(3):580-583. PubMed doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.049 Show Abstract Show Abstract
28. Stunkard AJ, Faith MS, Allison KC. Depression and obesity. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54(3):330-337. PubMed doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00608-5 Show Abstract Show Abstract
29. Nguyen NT, Magno CP, Lane KT, et al. Association of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome with obesity: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;207(6):928-934. PubMed doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.08.022 Show Abstract Show Abstract
30. Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Sullivan L, et al. Overweight and obesity as determinants of cardiovascular risk: the Framingham experience. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(16):1867-1872. PubMed doi:10.1001/archinte.162.16.1867 Show Abstract Show Abstract
31. Hubert HB, Feinleib M, McNamara PM, et al. Obesity as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease: a 26-year follow-up of participants in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1983;67(5):968-977. PubMed doi:10.1161/01.CIR.67.5.968 Show Abstract Show Abstract
32. Grundy SM, Barnett JP. Metabolic and health complications of obesity. Dis Mon. 1990;36(12):641-731. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
33. Klein S, Burke LE, Bray GA, et al; American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Clinical implications of obesity with specific focus on cardiovascular disease: a statement for professionals from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism: endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Circulation. 2004;110(18):2952-2967. PubMed doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000145546.97738.1E Show Abstract Show Abstract
34. Rexrode KM, Hennekens CH, Willett WC, et al. A prospective study of body mass index, weight change, and risk of stroke in women. JAMA. 1997;277(19):1539-1545. PubMed doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540430051032 Show Abstract Show Abstract
35. Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, et al. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of US adults. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(17):1625-1638. PubMed doi:10.1056/NEJMoa021423 Show Abstract Show Abstract
36. McTigue K, Larson JC, Valoski A, et al. Mortality and cardiac and vascular outcomes in extremely obese women. JAMA. 2006;296(1):79-86. PubMed doi:10.1001/jama.296.1.79 Show Abstract Show Abstract
37. Peeters A, Barendregt JJ, Willekens F, et al; NEDCOM, the Netherlands Epidemiology and Demography Compression of Morbidity Research Group. Obesity in adulthood and its consequences for life expectancy: a life-table analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138(1):24-32. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-1-200301070-00008 Show Abstract Show Abstract
38. van Dam RM, Willett WC, Manson JE, et al. The relationship between overweight in adolescence and premature death in women. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(2):91-97. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-145-2-200607180-00006 Show Abstract Show Abstract
39. US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for obesity in adults: recommendations and rationale. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139(11):930-932. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-139-11-200312020-00012 Show Abstract Show Abstract
40. US Preventive Services Task Force. Behavioral counseling in primary care to promote physical activity: recommendation and rationale. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137(3):205-207. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-137-3-200208060-00014 Show Abstract Show Abstract
41. Snow V, Barry P, Fitterman N, et al; Clinical Efficacy Assessment Subcommittee of the American College of Physicians. Pharmacologic and surgical management of obesity in primary care: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142(7):525-531. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-142-7-200504050-00011 Show Abstract Show Abstract
42. Leblanc ES, O'Connor E, Whitlock EP, et al. Effectiveness of primary care-relevant treatments for obesity in adults: a systematic evidence review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155(7):434-447. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-155-7-201110040-00006 Show Abstract Show Abstract
43. Andersen RE, Wadden TA, Bartlett SJ, et al. Effects of lifestyle activity vs structured aerobic exercise in obese women: a randomized trial. JAMA. 1999;281(4):335-340. PubMed doi:10.1001/jama.281.4.335 Show Abstract Show Abstract
44. Bray GA, Greenway FL. Pharmacological treatment of the overweight patient. Pharmacol Rev. 2007;59(2):151-184. PubMed doi:10.1124/pr.59.2.2 Show Abstract Show Abstract
45. Flum DR, Belle SH, King WC, et al; Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Consortium. Perioperative safety in the longitudinal assessment of bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(5):445-454. PubMed doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0901836 Show Abstract Show Abstract
46. Buchwald H, Avidor Y, Braunwald E, et al. Bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2004;292(14):1724-1737. PubMed doi:10.1001/jama.292.14.1724 Show Abstract Show Abstract
47. Sjöström L, Lindroos AK, Peltonen M, et al; Swedish Obese Subjects Study Scientific Group. Lifestyle, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(26):2683-2693. PubMed doi:10.1056/NEJMoa035622 Show Abstract Show Abstract
48. Hollander PA, Elbein SC, Hirsch IB, et al. Role of orlistat in the treatment of obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a 1-year randomized double-blind study. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(8):1288-1294. PubMed doi:10.2337/diacare.21.8.128849.
49. Padwal R, Li SK, Lau DC. Long-term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(3):CD004094. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
50. FDA approves weight-management drug Qsymia. FDA News Release. July 17, 2012. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm312468.htm.
51. Bloomberg RD, Fleishman A, Nalle JE, et al. Nutritional deficiencies following bariatric surgery: what have we learned? Obes Surg. 2005;15(2):145-154. PubMed doi:10.1381/0960892053268264 Show Abstract Show Abstract
52. Spector JA, Levine SM, Karp NS. Surgical solutions to the problem of massive weight loss. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(41):6602-6607. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
53. Teixeira ME, Budd GM. Obesity stigma: a newly recognized barrier to comprehensive and effective type 2 diabetes management. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2010;22(10):527-533. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2010.00551.x Show Abstract Show Abstract
54. Wee CC, McCarthy EP, Davis RB, et al. Obesity and breast cancer screening. J Gen Intern Med. 2004;19(4):324-331. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.30354.x Show Abstract Show Abstract
55. Wee CC, McCarthy EP, Davis RB, et al. Screening for cervical and breast cancer: is obesity an unrecognized barrier to preventive care? Ann Intern Med. 2000;132(9):697-704. PubMed doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-9-200005020-00003 Show Abstract Show Abstract
56. Drury CA, Louis M. Exploring the association between body weight, stigma of obesity, and health care avoidance. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2002;14(12):554-561. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2002.tb00089.x Show Abstract Show Abstract
57. Lewis S, Thomas SL, Hyde J, et al. A qualitative investigation of obese men's experiences with their weight. Am J Health Behav. 2011;35(4):458-469. PubMed doi:10.5993/AJHB.35.4.8 Show Abstract Show Abstract
58. Huizinga MM, Cooper LA, Bleich SN, et al. Physician respect for patients with obesity. J Gen Intern Med. 2009;24(11):1236-1239. PubMed doi:10.1007/s11606-009-1104-8 Show Abstract Show Abstract
59. Huizinga MM, Bleich SN, Beach MC, et al. Disparity in physician perception of patients' adherence to medications by obesity status. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(10):1932-1937. PubMed doi:10.1038/oby.2010.35 Show Abstract Show Abstract
60. Fine JT, Colditz GA, Coakley EH, et al. A prospective study of weight change and health-related quality of life in women. JAMA. 1999;282(22):2136-2142. PubMed doi:10.1001/jama.282.22.2136 Show Abstract Show Abstract
61. Dixon JB, Dixon ME, O'Brien PE. Depression in association with severe obesity: changes with weight loss. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(17):2058-2065. PubMed doi:10.1001/archinte.163.17.2058 Show Abstract Show Abstract
62. Simon GE, Von Korff M, Saunders K, et al. Association between obesity and psychiatric disorders in the US adult population. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63(7):824-830. PubMed doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.7.824 Show Abstract Show Abstract
63. Carpenter KM, Hasin DS, Allison DB, et al. Relationships between obesity and DSM-IV major depressive disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts: results from a general population study. Am J Public Health. 2000;90(2):251-257. PubMed doi:10.2105/AJPH.90.2.251 Show Abstract Show Abstract
64. Weber NS, Fisher JA, Cowan DN, et al. Psychiatric and general medical conditions comorbid with bipolar disorder in the National Hospital Discharge Survey. Psychiatr Serv. 2011;62(10):1152-1158. PubMed doi:10.1176/appi.ps.62.10.1152 Show Abstract Show Abstract
65. Stanley SH, Laugharne JD, Addis S, et al. Assessing overweight and obesity across mental disorders: personality disorders at high risk. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2013;48(3):487-492. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
66. DE Hert M, Correll CU, Bobes J, et al. Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders, 1: prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care. World Psychiatry. 2011;10(1):52-77. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
67. De Hert M, Cohen D, Bobes J, et al. Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders, 2: barriers to care, monitoring and treatment guidelines, plus recommendations at the system and individual level. World Psychiatry. 2011;10(2):138-151. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract
68. Stanley SH, Laugharne JD. Obesity, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in people with a mental illness: a need for primary health care. Aust J Prim Health. 2012;18(3):258-264. PubMed doi:10.1071/PY11045 Show Abstract Show Abstract
69. Marder SR, Essock SM, Miller AL, et al. Physical health monitoring of patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(8):1334-1349. PubMed doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.8.1334 Show Abstract Show Abstract
70. Bonfioli E, Berti L, Goss C, et al. Health promotion lifestyle interventions for weight management in psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMC Psychiatry. 2012;12(1):78. PubMed doi:10.1186/1471-244X-12-78 Show Abstract Show Abstract
71. Hasnain M, Fredrickson SK, Vieweg WV, et al. Metabolic syndrome associated with schizophrenia and atypical antipsychotics. Curr Diab Rep. 2010;10(3):209-216. PubMed doi:10.1007/s11892-010-0112-8 Show Abstract Show Abstract
72. Van Dorsten B, Lindley EM. Cognitive and behavioral approaches in the treatment of obesity. Med Clin North Am. 2011;95(5):971-988. PubMed doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2011.06.008 Show Abstract Show Abstract
73. Laddu D, Dow C, Hingle M, et al. A review of evidence-based strategies to treat obesity in adults. Nutr Clin Pract. 2011;26(5):512-525. PubMed doi:10.1177/0884533611418335 Show Abstract Show Abstract
74. Taylor VH, Stonehocker B, Steele M, et al. An overview of treatments for obesity in a population with mental illness. Can J Psychiatry. 2012;57(1):13-20. PubMed Show Abstract Show Abstract