메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 74, Issue 11, 2013, Pages 845-852

Cortical thickness, surface area, and gyrification abnormalities in children exposed to maltreatment: Neural markers of vulnerability?

Author keywords

Child abuse; cortical thickness; local gyrification; maltreatment; psychopathology; surface area

Indexed keywords

ANTERIOR CINGULATE; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CHILDHOOD MALTREATMENT; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMMUNITY SAMPLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORTICAL THICKNESS (BRAIN); DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INSULA; LINGUAL GYRUS; LOCAL GYRIFICATION INDEX; MALE; MIDDLE TEMPORAL GYRUS; NERVOUS SYSTEM PARAMETERS; NEUROPATHOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SCANNER; ORBITAL CORTEX; PARS OPERCULARIS; PERSONAL EXPERIENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; SUPERIOR FRONTAL GYRUS; SURFACE PROPERTY;

EID: 84887246828     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: 18732402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.06.020     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (175)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 58049179329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries
    • R. Gilbert, C.S. Widom, K. Browne, D. Fergusson, E Webb, and S. Janson Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries Lancet 373 2009 68 81
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.373 , pp. 68-81
    • Gilbert, R.1    Widom, C.S.2    Browne, K.3    Fergusson, D.4    Webb, E.5    Janson, S.6
  • 2
    • 77956635226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research review: The neurobiology and genetics of maltreatment and adversity
    • E. McCrory, S.A. De Brito, and E. Viding Research review: The neurobiology and genetics of maltreatment and adversity J Child Psychol Psychiatry 51 2010 1079 1095
    • (2010) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 1079-1095
    • McCrory, E.1    De Brito, S.A.2    Viding, E.3
  • 3
    • 67651146393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced prefrontal cortical gray matter volume in young adults exposed to harsh corporal punishment
    • A. Tomoda, H. Suzuki, K. Rabi, Y.S. Sheu, A. Polcari, and M.H. Teicher Reduced prefrontal cortical gray matter volume in young adults exposed to harsh corporal punishment Neuroimage 47 2009 T66 T71
    • (2009) Neuroimage , vol.47
    • Tomoda, A.1    Suzuki, H.2    Rabi, K.3    Sheu, Y.S.4    Polcari, A.5    Teicher, M.H.6
  • 4
    • 31844444257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smaller volume of anterior cingulate cortex in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • N. Kitayama, S. Quinn, and J.D. Bremner Smaller volume of anterior cingulate cortex in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder J Affect Disord 90 2006 171 174
    • (2006) J Affect Disord , vol.90 , pp. 171-174
    • Kitayama, N.1    Quinn, S.2    Bremner, J.D.3
  • 5
    • 33947132080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress predicts brain changes in children: A pilot longitudinal study on youth stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the hippocampus
    • V.G. Carrion, C.F. Weems, and A.L. Reiss Stress predicts brain changes in children: A pilot longitudinal study on youth stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the hippocampus Pediatrics 119 2007 509 516
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119 , pp. 509-516
    • Carrion, V.G.1    Weems, C.F.2    Reiss, A.L.3
  • 6
    • 51649083833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amygdala and hippocampal volumes and cognition in adult survivors of childhood abuse with dissociative disorders
    • G. Weniger, C. Lange, U. Sachsse, and E. Irle Amygdala and hippocampal volumes and cognition in adult survivors of childhood abuse with dissociative disorders Acta Psychiat Scand 118 2008 281 290
    • (2008) Acta Psychiat Scand , vol.118 , pp. 281-290
    • Weniger, G.1    Lange, C.2    Sachsse, U.3    Irle, E.4
  • 7
    • 77953221469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early stress is associated with alterations in the orbitofrontal cortex: A tensor-based morphometry investigation of brain structure and behavioral risk
    • J.L. Hanson, M.K. Chung, B.B. Avants, E.A. Shirtcliff, J.C. Gee, and R.J. Davidson Early stress is associated with alterations in the orbitofrontal cortex: A tensor-based morphometry investigation of brain structure and behavioral risk J Neurosci 30 2010 7466 7472
    • (2010) J Neurosci , vol.30 , pp. 7466-7472
    • Hanson, J.L.1    Chung, M.K.2    Avants, B.B.3    Shirtcliff, E.A.4    Gee, J.C.5    Davidson, R.J.6
  • 9
    • 67349238713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Converging evidence for abnormalities of the prefrontal cortex and evaluation of midsagittal structures in pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder: An MRI study
    • V.G. Carrion, C.F. Weems, C. Watson, S. Eliez, V. Menon, and A.L. Reiss Converging evidence for abnormalities of the prefrontal cortex and evaluation of midsagittal structures in pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder: An MRI study Psychiatry Res 172 2009 226 234
    • (2009) Psychiatry Res , vol.172 , pp. 226-234
    • Carrion, V.G.1    Weems, C.F.2    Watson, C.3    Eliez, S.4    Menon, V.5    Reiss, A.L.6
  • 10
    • 33748887612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar columes in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder
    • M.D. De Bellis, and M. Kuchibhatla Cerebellar columes in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder Biol Psychiatry 60 2006 697 703
    • (2006) Biol Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 697-703
    • De Bellis, M.D.1    Kuchibhatla, M.2
  • 12
    • 84857709807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood maltreatment is associated with reduced volume in the hippocampal subfields CA3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum
    • M.H. Teicher, C.M. Anderson, and A. Polcari Childhood maltreatment is associated with reduced volume in the hippocampal subfields CA3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109 2012 E563 E572
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.109
    • Teicher, M.H.1    Anderson, C.M.2    Polcari, A.3
  • 13
    • 68749098078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison between voxel-based cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry in normal aging
    • C. Hutton, B. Draganski, J. Ashburner, and N. Weiskopf A comparison between voxel-based cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry in normal aging Neuroimage 48 2009 371 380
    • (2009) Neuroimage , vol.48 , pp. 371-380
    • Hutton, C.1    Draganski, B.2    Ashburner, J.3    Weiskopf, N.4
  • 14
    • 54449087734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for abnormalities of cortical development in adolescent-onset schizophrenia
    • N.L. Voets, M.G. Hough, G. Douaud, P.M. Matthews, A. James, and L. Winmill Evidence for abnormalities of cortical development in adolescent-onset schizophrenia Neuroimage 43 2008 665 675
    • (2008) Neuroimage , vol.43 , pp. 665-675
    • Voets, N.L.1    Hough, M.G.2    Douaud, G.3    Matthews, P.M.4    James, A.5    Winmill, L.6
  • 15
    • 0032769093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical surface-based analysis: I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction
    • A.M. Dale, B. Fischl, and M.I. Sereno Cortical surface-based analysis: I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction Neuroimage 9 1999 179 194
    • (1999) Neuroimage , vol.9 , pp. 179-194
    • Dale, A.M.1    Fischl, B.2    Sereno, M.I.3
  • 16
    • 0023785808 scopus 로고
    • Specification of cerebral cortical areas
    • P. Rakic Specification of cerebral cortical areas Science 241 1988 170 176
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 170-176
    • Rakic, P.1
  • 20
    • 78649897373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related temporal and parietal cortical thinning in autism spectrum disorders
    • G.L. Wallace, N. Dankner, L. Kenworthy, J.N. Giedd, and A. Martin Age-related temporal and parietal cortical thinning in autism spectrum disorders Brain 133 2010 3745 3754
    • (2010) Brain , vol.133 , pp. 3745-3754
    • Wallace, G.L.1    Dankner, N.2    Kenworthy, L.3    Giedd, J.N.4    Martin, A.5
  • 21
    • 84863719099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical thickness and folding deficits in conduct-disordered adolescents
    • C.J. Hyatt, E. Haney-Caron, and M.C. Stevens Cortical thickness and folding deficits in conduct-disordered adolescents Biol Psychiatry 72 2012 207 214
    • (2012) Biol Psychiatry , vol.72 , pp. 207-214
    • Hyatt, C.J.1    Haney-Caron, E.2    Stevens, M.C.3
  • 23
    • 0025615417 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms in the cycle of violence
    • K.A. Dodge, J.E. Bates, and G.S. Pettit Mechanisms in the cycle of violence Science 250 1990 1678 1683
    • (1990) Science , vol.250 , pp. 1678-1683
    • Dodge, K.A.1    Bates, J.E.2    Pettit, G.S.3
  • 24
    • 0031875668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental antecedents of partner abuse: A prospective-longitudinal study
    • L. Magdol, T.E. Moffitt, A. Caspi, and P.A. Silva Developmental antecedents of partner abuse: A prospective-longitudinal study J Abnorm Psychol 107 1998 375 389
    • (1998) J Abnorm Psychol , vol.107 , pp. 375-389
    • Magdol, L.1    Moffitt, T.E.2    Caspi, A.3    Silva, P.A.4
  • 25
  • 27
    • 27444437938 scopus 로고
    • A self-report measure of pubertal status: Reliability, validity, and initial norms
    • A.C. Petersen, L. Crockett, M. Richards, and A. Boxer A self-report measure of pubertal status: Reliability, validity, and initial norms J Youth Adolescence 17 1988 117 133
    • (1988) J Youth Adolescence , vol.17 , pp. 117-133
    • Petersen, A.C.1    Crockett, L.2    Richards, M.3    Boxer, A.4
  • 29
    • 0011883960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents
    • A. Angold, E.J. Costello, and S.C. Messer Development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents Int J Method Psych 5 1996 237 249
    • (1996) Int J Method Psych , vol.5 , pp. 237-249
    • Angold, A.1    Costello, E.J.2    Messer, S.C.3
  • 31
    • 0030793982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note
    • R. Goodman The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note J Child Psychol Psyc 38 1997 581 586
    • (1997) J Child Psychol Psyc , vol.38 , pp. 581-586
    • Goodman, R.1
  • 32
    • 0034718613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images
    • B. Fischl, and A.M. Dale Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97 2000 11050 11055
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.97 , pp. 11050-11055
    • Fischl, B.1    Dale, A.M.2
  • 34
    • 0032799993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical surface-based analysis: II. Inflation, flattening, and a surface-based coordinate system
    • B. Fischl, M.I. Sereno, and A.M. Dale Cortical surface-based analysis: II. Inflation, flattening, and a surface-based coordinate system Neuroimage 9 1999 195 207
    • (1999) Neuroimage , vol.9 , pp. 195-207
    • Fischl, B.1    Sereno, M.I.2    Dale, A.M.3
  • 35
    • 33746932485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest
    • R.S. Desikan, F. Ségonne, B. Fischl, B.T. Quinn, B.C. Dickerson, and D. Blacker An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest Neuroimage 31 2006 968 980
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.31 , pp. 968-980
    • Desikan, R.S.1    Ségonne, F.2    Fischl, B.3    Quinn, B.T.4    Dickerson, B.C.5    Blacker, D.6
  • 36
    • 36048960470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of cortical thickness correlates of cognitive performance: Reliability across MRI scan sessions, scanners, and field strengths
    • B.C. Dickerson, E. Fenstermacher, D.H. Salat, D.A. Wolk, R.P. Maguire, and R. Desikan Detection of cortical thickness correlates of cognitive performance: Reliability across MRI scan sessions, scanners, and field strengths Neuroimage 39 2008 10 18
    • (2008) Neuroimage , vol.39 , pp. 10-18
    • Dickerson, B.C.1    Fenstermacher, E.2    Salat, D.H.3    Wolk, D.A.4    Maguire, R.P.5    Desikan, R.6
  • 37
    • 33748658691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of MRI-derived measurements of human cerebral cortical thickness: The effects of field strength, scanner upgrade and manufacturer
    • X. Han, J. Jovicich, D Salat, A. van der Kouwe, B. Quinn, and S. Czanner Reliability of MRI-derived measurements of human cerebral cortical thickness: The effects of field strength, scanner upgrade and manufacturer Neuroimage 32 2006 180 194
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.32 , pp. 180-194
    • Han, X.1    Jovicich, J.2    Salat, D.3    Van Der Kouwe, A.4    Quinn, B.5    Czanner, S.6
  • 39
    • 70350707622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gyral and sulcal cortical thinning in adolescents with first episode early-onset psychosis
    • J. Janssen, S. Reig, Y. Alemán, H. Schnack, J.M. Udias, and M. Parellada Gyral and sulcal cortical thinning in adolescents with first episode early-onset psychosis Biol Psychiatry 66 2009 1047 1054
    • (2009) Biol Psychiatry , vol.66 , pp. 1047-1054
    • Janssen, J.1    Reig, S.2    Alemán, Y.3    Schnack, H.4    Udias, J.M.5    Parellada, M.6
  • 40
    • 79955482874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Folding of the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia: Regional differences in gyrification
    • L. Palaniyappan, P. Mallikarjun, V. Joseph, T.P. White, and P.F. Liddle Folding of the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia: Regional differences in gyrification Biol Psychiatry 69 2011 974 979
    • (2011) Biol Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 974-979
    • Palaniyappan, L.1    Mallikarjun, P.2    Joseph, V.3    White, T.P.4    Liddle, P.F.5
  • 41
    • 77956317772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural MRI of pediatric brain development: What have we learned and where are we going?
    • J.N. Giedd, and J.L. Rapoport Structural MRI of pediatric brain development: What have we learned and where are we going? Neuron 67 2010 728 734
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.67 , pp. 728-734
    • Giedd, J.N.1    Rapoport, J.L.2
  • 43
    • 78851471555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional processing in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex
    • A. Etkin, T. Egner, and R. Kalisch Emotional processing in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex Trends Cogn Sci 15 2011 85 93
    • (2011) Trends Cogn Sci , vol.15 , pp. 85-93
    • Etkin, A.1    Egner, T.2    Kalisch, R.3
  • 44
    • 18144369652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cognitive control of emotion
    • K.N. Ochsner, and J.J. Gross The cognitive control of emotion Trends Cogn Sci 9 2005 242 249
    • (2005) Trends Cogn Sci , vol.9 , pp. 242-249
    • Ochsner, K.N.1    Gross, J.J.2
  • 46
    • 0034091813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing the functional roles of multiple regions in distributed neural systems for visual working memory
    • J.V. Haxby, L. Petit, L.G. Ungerleider, and S.M. Courtney Distinguishing the functional roles of multiple regions in distributed neural systems for visual working memory Neuroimage 11 2000 380 391
    • (2000) Neuroimage , vol.11 , pp. 380-391
    • Haxby, J.V.1    Petit, L.2    Ungerleider, L.G.3    Courtney, S.M.4
  • 48
    • 37549030436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconciling the roles of orbitofrontal cortex in reversal learning and the encoding of outcome expectancies
    • G. Schoenbaum, M.P. Saddoris, and T.A. Stalnaker Reconciling the roles of orbitofrontal cortex in reversal learning and the encoding of outcome expectancies Ann N Y Acad Sci 1121 2007 320 335
    • (2007) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.1121 , pp. 320-335
    • Schoenbaum, G.1    Saddoris, M.P.2    Stalnaker, T.A.3
  • 49
    • 33646481796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early life stress and morphometry of the adult anterior cingulate cortex and caudate nuclei
    • R.A. Cohen, S. Grieve, K.F. Hoth, R.H. Paul, L. Sweet, and D. Tate Early life stress and morphometry of the adult anterior cingulate cortex and caudate nuclei Biol Psychiatry 59 2006 975 982
    • (2006) Biol Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 975-982
    • Cohen, R.A.1    Grieve, S.2    Hoth, K.F.3    Paul, R.H.4    Sweet, L.5    Tate, D.6
  • 50
    • 78650801756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to parental verbal abuse is associated with increased gray matter volume in superior temporal gyrus
    • A. Tomoda, Y.S. Sheu, K. Rabi, H. Suzuki, C.P. Navalta, and A. Polcari Exposure to parental verbal abuse is associated with increased gray matter volume in superior temporal gyrus Neuroimage 54 2011 S280 S286
    • (2011) Neuroimage , vol.54
    • Tomoda, A.1    Sheu, Y.S.2    Rabi, K.3    Suzuki, H.4    Navalta, C.P.5    Polcari, A.6
  • 52
    • 2542641023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anomalous brain activation during face and gaze processing in Williams syndrome
    • D. Mobbs, A.S. Garrett, V. Menon, F.E. Rose, U. Bellugi, and AL Reiss Anomalous brain activation during face and gaze processing in Williams syndrome Neurology 62 2004 2070 2076
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , pp. 2070-2076
    • Mobbs, D.1    Garrett, A.S.2    Menon, V.3    Rose, F.E.4    Bellugi, U.5    Reiss, A.L.6
  • 53
    • 0029757972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential sensitivity of human visual cortex to faces, letterstrings, and textures: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study
    • A. Puce, T. Allison, M. Asgari, J.C. Gore, and G. McCarthy Differential sensitivity of human visual cortex to faces, letterstrings, and textures: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study J Neurosci 16 1996 5205 5215
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 5205-5215
    • Puce, A.1    Allison, T.2    Asgari, M.3    Gore, J.C.4    McCarthy, G.5
  • 54
    • 3242694501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparatory deployment of attention to motion activates higher-order motion-processing brain regions
    • T.L. Luks, and G.V. Simpson Preparatory deployment of attention to motion activates higher-order motion-processing brain regions Neuroimage 22 2004 1515 1522
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.22 , pp. 1515-1522
    • Luks, T.L.1    Simpson, G.V.2
  • 55
    • 77949650913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women with a history of childhood maltreatment exhibit more activation in association areas following non-traumatic olfactory stimuli: A fMRI study
    • I. Croy, J. Schellong, J. Gerber, P. Joraschky, E. Iannilli, and T. Hummel Women with a history of childhood maltreatment exhibit more activation in association areas following non-traumatic olfactory stimuli: A fMRI study PLoS One 5 2010 e9362
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5 , pp. 9362
    • Croy, I.1    Schellong, J.2    Gerber, J.3    Joraschky, P.4    Iannilli, E.5    Hummel, T.6
  • 57
    • 33746412871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological consequences of early stress and childhood maltreatment: Are results from human and animal studies comparable?
    • M.H. Teicher, A. Tomoda, and S.E. Andersen Neurobiological consequences of early stress and childhood maltreatment: Are results from human and animal studies comparable? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006 313 323
    • (2006) Ann N y Acad Sci , pp. 313-323
    • Teicher, M.H.1    Tomoda, A.2    Andersen, S.E.3
  • 58
    • 84859068830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threat prompts defensive brain responses independently of attentional control
    • S. Pichon, B. de Gelder, and J. Grèzes Threat prompts defensive brain responses independently of attentional control Cereb Cortex 22 2012 274 285
    • (2012) Cereb Cortex , vol.22 , pp. 274-285
    • Pichon, S.1    De Gelder, B.2    Grèzes, J.3
  • 59
    • 78649758332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anterior insula integrates information about salience into perceptual decisions about pain
    • K. Wiech, C.S. Lin, K.H. Brodersen, U. Bingel, M. Ploner, and I. Tracey Anterior insula integrates information about salience into perceptual decisions about pain J Neurosci 30 2010 16324 16331
    • (2010) J Neurosci , vol.30 , pp. 16324-16331
    • Wiech, K.1    Lin, C.S.2    Brodersen, K.H.3    Bingel, U.4    Ploner, M.5    Tracey, I.6
  • 60
    • 33747040807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An insular view of anxiety
    • M.P. Paulus, and M.B. Stein An insular view of anxiety Biol Psychiatry 60 2006 383 387
    • (2006) Biol Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 383-387
    • Paulus, M.P.1    Stein, M.B.2
  • 61
    • 78751681567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feeling anxious: Anticipatory amygdalo-insular response predicts the feeling of anxious anticipation
    • J.M. Carlson, T. Greenberg, D. Rubin, and L.R. Mujica-Parodi Feeling anxious: Anticipatory amygdalo-insular response predicts the feeling of anxious anticipation Soc Cogn Affect Neur 6 2011 74 81
    • (2011) Soc Cogn Affect Neur , vol.6 , pp. 74-81
    • Carlson, J.M.1    Greenberg, T.2    Rubin, D.3    Mujica-Parodi, L.R.4
  • 62
    • 83055169044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticostriatal-limbic gray matter morphology in adolescents with self-reported exposure to childhood maltreatment
    • E.E. Edmiston, F. Wang, C.M. Mazure, J. Guiney, R. Sinha, and L.C. Mayes Corticostriatal-limbic gray matter morphology in adolescents with self-reported exposure to childhood maltreatment Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 165 2011 1069 1077
    • (2011) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.165 , pp. 1069-1077
    • Edmiston, E.E.1    Wang, F.2    Mazure, C.M.3    Guiney, J.4    Sinha, R.5    Mayes, L.C.6
  • 63
    • 84855983525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limbic scars: Long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment revealed by functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging
    • U. Dannlowski, A. Stuhrmann, V. Beutelmann, P. Zwanzger, T. Lenzen, and D. Grotegerd Limbic scars: Long-term consequences of childhood maltreatment revealed by functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging Biol Psychiatry 71 2012 286 293
    • (2012) Biol Psychiatry , vol.71 , pp. 286-293
    • Dannlowski, U.1    Stuhrmann, A.2    Beutelmann, V.3    Zwanzger, P.4    Lenzen, T.5    Grotegerd, D.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.