메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 123, Issue 9, 2013, Pages 482-490

New treatment strategy including biological agents in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Author keywords

Antimalarial drugs; Biological therapy; Immunosuppressive therapy; New treatment strategy; Systemic lupus erythematosus

Indexed keywords

ABATACEPT; ATACICEPT; AZATHIOPRINE; BELIMUMAB; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT; CD40 LIGAND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; CHLOROQUINE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN A; EPRATUZUMAB; GLUCOCORTICOID; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; INTERLEUKIN 10 ANTIBODY; METHOTREXATE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; OCRELIZUMAB; PREDNISONE; RITUXIMAB; RONTALIZUMAB; SIFALIMUMAB; TOCILIZUMAB; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA ANTIBODY; ANTIBODY CONJUGATE; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; IMMUNOLOGIC FACTOR; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY;

EID: 84887236976     PISSN: 00323772     EISSN: 18979483     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.20452/pamw.1891     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 33746936116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Berbatsky S, Boivin JF, Joseph L, et al. Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 54: 2550-2557.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , pp. 2550-2557
    • Berbatsky, S.1    Boivin, J.F.2    Joseph, L.3
  • 2
    • 65849310742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damage and mortality in a group of British patients with systemic lupus erythematosus followed up for over 10 years
    • Chambers SA, Allen E, Rahman A, Isenberg D. Damage and mortality in a group of British patients with systemic lupus erythematosus followed up for over 10 years. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009; 48: 673-675.
    • (2009) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.48 , pp. 673-675
    • Chambers, S.A.1    Allen, E.2    Rahman, A.3    Isenberg, D.4
  • 3
    • 84874644599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease
    • Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group
    • Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013; 3: 1-150.
    • (2013) Kidney Int Suppl , vol.3 , pp. 1-150
  • 4
    • 77957682858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy and safety of abatacept in patients with non-life-threatening manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: Results of a twelve-month, multicenter, exploratory, phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Merrill JT, Burgos-Vargas R, Westhovens R, et al. The efficacy and safety of abatacept in patients with non-life-threatening manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a twelve-month, multicenter, exploratory, phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2010; 62: 3077-3087.
    • (2010) Arthritis Rheum , vol.62 , pp. 3077-3087
    • Merrill, J.T.1    Burgos-Vargas, R.2    Westhovens, R.3
  • 5
    • 84866184129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis: The Lupus Nephritis Assessment with Rituximab study
    • Rovin BH, Furie R, Latinis K, et al. Efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis: the Lupus Nephritis Assessment with Rituximab study. Arthritis Rheum. 2012; 64: 1215-1226.
    • (2012) Arthritis Rheum , vol.64 , pp. 1215-1226
    • Rovin, B.H.1    Furie, R.2    Latinis, K.3
  • 7
    • 84863226066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American College of Rheumatology guidelines for screening, treatment, and management of lupus nephritis
    • American College of Rheumatology
    • Hahn BH, McMahon MA, Wilkinson A, et al.; American College of Rheumatology. American College of Rheumatology guidelines for screening, treatment, and management of lupus nephritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012; 64: 797-808.
    • (2012) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) , vol.64 , pp. 797-808
    • Hahn, B.H.1    McMahon, M.A.2    Wilkinson, A.3
  • 8
    • 79952070370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
    • Navarra SV, Guzmán RM, Gallacher AE, et al. Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2011; 377: 721-731.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 721-731
    • Navarra, S.V.1    Guzmán, R.M.2    Gallacher, A.E.3
  • 9
    • 82455198794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • BLISS-76 Study Group
    • Furie R, Petri M, Zamani O, et al.; BLISS-76 Study Group. A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2011; 63: 3918-3930.
    • (2011) Arthritis Rheum , vol.63 , pp. 3918-3930
    • Furie, R.1    Petri, M.2    Zamani, O.3
  • 10
    • 8444226779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The American College of Rheumatology response criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus clinical trials: Measures of overall disease activity
    • American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Response Criteria
    • American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Response Criteria. The American College of Rheumatology response criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus clinical trials: measures of overall disease activity. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 50: 3418-3426.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 3418-3426
  • 11
    • 73449120372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy and side effects of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus: Systemic review
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G, Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zeron P, Khamashta MA. Clinical efficacy and side effects of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus: systemic review. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69: 20-28.
    • (2010) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.69 , pp. 20-28
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Ramos-Casals, M.2    Brito-Zeron, P.3    Khamashta, M.A.4
  • 13
    • 33750499270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antimalarials on thrombosis and survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ruiz-Irastorza G, Egurbide M, Pijoan J, et al. Effect of antimalarials on thrombosis and survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2006; 15: 577-583.
    • (2006) Lupus , vol.15 , pp. 577-583
    • Ruiz-Irastorza, G.1    Egurbide, M.2    Pijoan, J.3
  • 14
    • 34548190213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L)
    • Alarcón G, McGwin G, Bertoli A, et al. Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L). Ann Rheum Dis. 2007; 66: 1168-1172.
    • (2007) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.66 , pp. 1168-1172
    • Alarcón, G.1    McGwin, G.2    Bertoli, A.3
  • 15
    • 0026074414 scopus 로고
    • The canadian hydroxychloroquine study group
    • A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulphate in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulphate in systemic lupus erythematosus. The Canadian Hydroxychloroquine Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1991; 324: 150-154.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 150-154
  • 16
    • 0036309793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Prospective long-term study of an Israeli cohort
    • Molad Y, Gorshtein A, Wysenbeek A, et al. Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Prospective long-term study of an Israeli cohort. Lupus. 2002; 11: 356-361.
    • (2002) Lupus , vol.11 , pp. 356-361
    • Molad, Y.1    Gorshtein, A.2    Wysenbeek, A.3
  • 17
    • 18644363912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: XVI. Association of hydroxychloroquine use with reduced risk of damage accrual
    • Fessler B, Alarcón G, McGwin GJ Jr, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: XVI. Association of hydroxychloroquine use with reduced risk of damage accrual. Arthritis Rheum. 2005; 52: 1473-1480.
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.52 , pp. 1473-1480
    • Fessler, B.1    Alarcón, G.2    McGwin Jr., G.J.3
  • 18
    • 0029978974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial with chloroquine diphosphate in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Meinão IM, Sato EI, Andrade LE, et al. Controlled trial with chloroquine diphosphate in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 1996; 5: 237-241.
    • (1996) Lupus , vol.5 , pp. 237-241
    • Meinão, I.M.1    Sato, E.I.2    Andrade, L.E.3
  • 19
    • 0034990187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in lupus pregnancy: A double-blind and placebo-controlled study
    • Levy R, Vilela V, Cataldo M, et al. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in lupus pregnancy: a double-blind and placebo-controlled study. Lupus. 2001; 10: 401-404.
    • (2001) Lupus , vol.10 , pp. 401-404
    • Levy, R.1    Vilela, V.2    Cataldo, M.3
  • 21
    • 33750302628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine is a marker for and predictor of disease exacerbations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Amoura Z, Hulot J, et al. Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine is a marker for and predictor of disease exacerbations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 54: 3284-3290.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , pp. 3284-3290
    • Costedoat-Chalumeau, N.1    Amoura, Z.2    Hulot, J.3
  • 22
    • 0036273040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical predictors of fetal and maternal outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus: A prospective study of 103 pregnancies
    • Cortés-Hernández J, Ordi-Ros J, Paredes F, et al. Clinical predictors of fetal and maternal outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of 103 pregnancies. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002; 41: 643-650.
    • (2002) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.41 , pp. 643-650
    • Cortés-Hernández, J.1    Ordi-Ros, J.2    Paredes, F.3
  • 23
    • 80052013018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis and its safety in pregnancy
    • Abarientos C, Sperberg K, Schapiro DL, et al. Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis and its safety in pregnancy. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2011; 10: 705-714.
    • (2011) Expert Opin Drug Saf , vol.10 , pp. 705-714
    • Abarientos, C.1    Sperberg, K.2    Schapiro, D.L.3
  • 24
    • 79551548116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revised recommendations on screening for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy
    • American Academy of Ophthalmology
    • Marmor MF, Kellner U, Lai TY, et al.; American Academy of Ophthalmology. Revised recommendations on screening for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. Ophtalmology. 2011; 118: 415-422.
    • (2011) Ophtalmology , vol.118 , pp. 415-422
    • Marmor, M.F.1    Kellner, U.2    Lai, T.Y.3
  • 25
    • 84869447491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of systemic lupus eythematosus
    • Merill JT. Treatment of systemic lupus eythematosus. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis. 2012; 70: 172-176.
    • (2012) Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis , vol.70 , pp. 172-176
    • Merill, J.T.1
  • 26
    • 0024451147 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacogenetics of acute azathioprine toxicity: Relationship to thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism
    • Lennard L, Van Loon JA, Weinshilboum RM. Pharmacogenetics of acute azathioprine toxicity: relationship to thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1989; 46: 149-154.
    • (1989) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.46 , pp. 149-154
    • Lennard, L.1    Van Loon, J.A.2    Weinshilboum, R.M.3
  • 27
    • 77951636569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase 94C>A polymorphism: Clinical implications for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with azathioprine
    • Yamamoto K, Okada Y, Nakamura K, et al. Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase 94C>A polymorphism: clinical implications for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with azathioprine. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2010; 9: 447-457.
    • (2010) Expert Opin Drug Saf , vol.9 , pp. 447-457
    • Yamamoto, K.1    Okada, Y.2    Nakamura, K.3
  • 28
    • 0036673864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunosuppressive therapy in lupus nephritis: The Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial, a randomized trial of low-dose versus high-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide
    • Houssiau FA, Vasconcelos C, D'Cruz D, et al. Immunosuppressive therapy in lupus nephritis: the Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial, a randomized trial of low-dose versus high-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide. Arthritis Rheum. 2002; 46: 2121-2131.
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.46 , pp. 2121-2131
    • Houssiau, F.A.1    Vasconcelos, C.2    D'cruz, D.3
  • 29
    • 79551702177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical research in systemic lupus erythematosus: Immediate relevance to clinical practice
    • Petri M. Clinical research in systemic lupus erythematosus: immediate relevance to clinical practice. Int J Rheum Dis. 2011; 14: 1-5.
    • (2011) Int J Rheum Dis , vol.14 , pp. 1-5
    • Petri, M.1
  • 30
    • 81455135753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate versus azathioprine as maintenance therapy for lupus nephritis
    • Dooley MA, Jayne D, Ginzler EM, et al. Mycophenolate versus azathioprine as maintenance therapy for lupus nephritis. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365: 1886-1895.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 1886-1895
    • Dooley, M.A.1    Jayne, D.2    Ginzler, E.M.3
  • 31
    • 65649133584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prednisone, lupus activity, and permanent organ damage
    • Thamer M, Hernán MS, Zhang Y, et al. Prednisone, lupus activity, and permanent organ damage. J Rheumatol. 2009; 36: 560-564.
    • (2009) J Rheumatol , vol.36 , pp. 560-564
    • Thamer, M.1    Hernán, M.S.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 32
    • 84859440069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerated atherosclerosis in patient with SLE-mechanisms and management
    • 8
    • Skaggs BJ, Hahn BH, McMahon M, et al. Accelerated atherosclerosis in patient with SLE-mechanisms and management. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2012; 14; 8: 214-223.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Rheumatol , vol.14 , pp. 214-223
    • Skaggs, B.J.1    Hahn, B.H.2    McMahon, M.3
  • 33
    • 82955189318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Features associated with cardiac abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Bourré-Tessier J, Huynh T, Clarke AE, et al. Features associated with cardiac abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2011; 20: 1518-1525.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 1518-1525
    • Bourré-Tessier, J.1    Huynh, T.2    Clarke, A.E.3
  • 35
    • 63249098535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update of immunotherapy for systemic lupus erythematosus - What's hot and what's not!
    • Karim MY, Pisoni CM, Khamashta MA. Update of immunotherapy for systemic lupus erythematosus - what's hot and what's not! Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009; 48: 332-341.
    • (2009) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.48 , pp. 332-341
    • Karim, M.Y.1    Pisoni, C.M.2    Khamashta, M.A.3
  • 36
    • 85039635206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic response to long-term epratuzumab treatment in SL0008, an open-label long-term extension study in patients with moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Strand V, Leszczyński P, Keiserman M, et al. Immunologic response to long-term epratuzumab treatment in SL0008, an open-label long-term extension study in patients with moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013; 72 (Suppl 3): 615.
    • (2013) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.72 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 615
    • Strand, V.1    Leszczyński, P.2    Keiserman, M.3
  • 37
    • 84867996710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B-cell targeted treatments for lupus: The journey counts as much as the destination
    • Falgarone G, Dhote R, Boissier MC. B-cell targeted treatments for lupus: the journey counts as much as the destination. Joint Bone Spine. 2012; 79: 437-440.
    • (2012) Joint Bone Spine , vol.79 , pp. 437-440
    • Falgarone, G.1    Dhote, R.2    Boissier, M.C.3
  • 38
    • 0035167632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: A role for B lymphocyte stimulator in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Zhang J, Roschke V, Baker KP, et al. Cutting edge: a role for B lymphocyte stimulator in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol. 2001; 166: 6-10.
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.166 , pp. 6-10
    • Zhang, J.1    Roschke, V.2    Baker, K.P.3
  • 39
    • 0034972257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated serum B lymphocyte stimulator levels in patients with systemic immune-based rheumatic diseases
    • Cheema GS, Roschke V, Hilbert DM, Stohl W. Elevated serum B lymphocyte stimulator levels in patients with systemic immune-based rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 2001; 44: 1313-1319.
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 1313-1319
    • Cheema, G.S.1    Roschke, V.2    Hilbert, D.M.3    Stohl, W.4
  • 40
    • 79952070370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
    • BLISS-52 Study Group
    • Navarra SV, Guzmán RM, Gallacher AE, et al.; BLISS-52 Study Group. Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2011; 377: 721-731.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 721-731
    • Navarra, S.V.1    Guzmán, R.M.2    Gallacher, A.E.3
  • 41
    • 84863850571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Belimumab in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: High disease activity predictors of response
    • van Volenhofen RF, Petri MA, Cervera R, et al. Belimumab in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: high disease activity predictors of response. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012 71: 1343-1349.
    • (2012) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.71 , pp. 1343-1349
    • Van Volenhofen, R.F.1    Petri, M.A.2    Cervera, R.3
  • 42
    • 79957617387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of flares in lupus patients enrolled in a phase II/III study of rituximab (EXPLORER)
    • Merrill J, Buyon J, Furie R, et al. Assessment of flares in lupus patients enrolled in a phase II/III study of rituximab (EXPLORER). Lupus. 2011; 20: 709-716.
    • (2011) Lupus , vol.20 , pp. 709-716
    • Merrill, J.1    Buyon, J.2    Furie, R.3
  • 43
    • 84858986751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B-cell-depleting therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ramos-Casals M, Sanz I, Bosch X, et al. B-cell-depleting therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med. 2012; 125: 327-336.
    • (2012) Am J Med , vol.125 , pp. 327-336
    • Ramos-Casals, M.1    Sanz, I.2    Bosch, X.3
  • 44
    • 34147193717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of rituximab (anti-CD20) for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus involving the central nervous system
    • Tokunaga M, Saito K, Kawabata D, et al. Efficacy of rituximab (anti-CD20) for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus involving the central nervous system. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007; 66: 470-475.
    • (2007) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.66 , pp. 470-475
    • Tokunaga, M.1    Saito, K.2    Kawabata, D.3
  • 45
    • 39549108298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory SLE with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide: Clinical effects, serological changes, and predictors of response
    • Jónsdóttir T, Gunnarsson I, Risselada A, et al. Treatment of refractory SLE with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide: clinical effects, serological changes, and predictors of response. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008; 67: 330-334.
    • (2008) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.67 , pp. 330-334
    • Jónsdóttir, T.1    Gunnarsson, I.2    Risselada, A.3
  • 46
    • 36448931656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting CD22 as a strategy for treating systemic autoimmune diseases
    • Dórner T, Goldenberg DM. Targeting CD22 as a strategy for treating systemic autoimmune diseases. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2007; 3: 953-959.
    • (2007) Ther Clin Risk Manag , vol.3 , pp. 953-959
    • Dórner, T.1    Goldenberg, D.M.2
  • 47
    • 84889645482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of epratuzumab in patients with moderate/severe active systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from EMBLEM, a phase IIb, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study
    • Jan 12. [Epub ahead of print]
    • Wallace DJ, Kalunian K, Petri MA, et al. Efficacy and safety of epratuzumab in patients with moderate/severe active systemic lupus erythematosus: results from EMBLEM, a phase IIb, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013 Jan 12. [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) Ann Rheum Dis
    • Wallace, D.J.1    Kalunian, K.2    Petri, M.A.3
  • 48
    • 84878541159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocilizumab: A novel humanized anti-interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor antibody for the treatment of patients with non-RA systemic, inflammatory rheumatic diseases
    • Alten R, Maleitzke T. Tocilizumab: A novel humanized anti-interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor antibody for the treatment of patients with non-RA systemic, inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Ann Med. 2013; 45: 357-363.
    • (2013) Ann Med , vol.45 , pp. 357-363
    • Alten, R.1    Maleitzke, T.2
  • 49
    • 5644258326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus: An open-label study
    • Aringer M, Graninger WB, Steiner G, Smolen JS. Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus: an open-label study. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 50: 3161-3169.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 3161-3169
    • Aringer, M.1    Graninger, W.B.2    Steiner, G.3    Smolen, J.S.4
  • 50
    • 0033554258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin compared with cyclophosphamide for proliferative lupus nephritis
    • Boletis JN, Ioannidis JP, Boki KA, Moutsopoulos HM. Intravenous immunoglobulin compared with cyclophosphamide for proliferative lupus nephritis. Lancet. 1999; 354: 569-570.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 569-570
    • Boletis, J.N.1    Ioannidis, J.P.2    Boki, K.A.3    Moutsopoulos, H.M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.