Postcolonial Politics and Personal Laws: Colonial Legal Legacies and the Indian State

Postcolonial Politics and Personal Laws: Colonial Legal Legacies and the Indian State

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-222

  Williams, Rina Verma ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Colonial legal institutions; Independence; India; Indian government policy; Legal continuity; Personal laws; Postcolonial state; Power; Religious legal system

Indexed keywords

EID: 84887188897     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195680140.001.0001     Document Type: Book

References (262)

1. Agnes, Flavia, 'Redefining the Agenda of the Women's Movement within a Secular Framework,' in Tanika Sarkar and Urvashi Butalia (eds). Women and Right-Wing Movements: Indian Experiences. New Jersey: Zed Books, 1995.
2. Agnes, Flavia, 'The Hidden Agenda Beneath the Rhetoric of Women's Rights,' in Madhushree Dutta, Flavia Agnes and Neera Adarkar (eds). Tile Nation, the State and Indian Identity, Calcutta: Samya, 1996.
3. Agnes, Flavia, Law and Gender Inequality: The Politics of Women's Rights in India. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
4. Ahmed, Imtiaz, 'Personal Laws: Promoting Reform from Within.' Economic and Political Weekly (11 November 1995): 2851-2.
5. Akhtar, Saleem, Shah Bano Judgement in Islamic Perspective. New Delhi:Kitab Bhavan, 1994.
6. All-India Hindu Mahasabha, Papers of the All-India Hindu Mahasabha, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library Manuscript Collection, New Delhi.
7. Allott, Antony, 'Unification of Laws in Africa.' American Journal of Comparative Law 16:1 (Winter-Spring 1968): 51-87.
8. Allott, Antony, 'Towards the Unification of Law in Africa.' International and Comparative Law Quarterly 14:2 (April 1965): 366-89.
9. Allott, Antony, 'The Future of African Law,' in Hilda Kuper and Leo Kuper (eds). African Law: Adaptation and Development. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1965.
10. Anderson, Michael R. and Sumit Guha (eds). Changing Concepts of Rights and Justice in South Asia. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1998.
11. Anderson, Michael R., 'Classifications and Coercions: Themes in South Asian Legal Research in the 1980s.' South Asia Research 10:2 (November 1990):158-77.
12. Anderson, Michael R, 'Islamic Law and the British Colonial Encounter,' in Chibli Mallat and Jane Connor (eds). Islamic Family Law. London: Graham & Trotman, 1990.
13. Anderson, Walter K., 'The R.S.S.: The Spearhead of Hindu Revivalism,' in Richard Sisson and Ramashray Roy (eds). Diversity and Dominance in Indian Politics. Newbury Park, California: Sage, 1990.
14. Anderson, Walter K and Shridhar D. Dhamle, The Brotherhood in Saffron: the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Hindu Revivalism. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1987.
15. Austin, Granville, 'Religion, Personal Law and Identity in India,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
16. Baird, Robert D., (ed.). Religion and Law in Independent India. New Delhi:Manohar, 1993.
17. Baird, Robert D, 'Gender Implications for a Uniform Civil Code,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
18. Bano, Sabeeha, 'Muslim Women's Voices.' Economic and Political Weekly (25 November 1995): 2981-2.
19. Barber, Benjamin R., Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.
20. Barrows, Walter, 'Ethnic Diversity and Political Instability in Black Africa.' Comparative Political Studies 9 July (1976): 139-70.
21. Barzilai, Gad, Communities and Law: Politics and Cultures of Legal Identities. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2003.
22. Basu, Apata and Bharati Ray, Women's Struggle: A History of the All India Women's Conference 1927-1990. New Delhi: Manohar, 1990.
23. Basu, Srimati, 'The Personal and the Political: Indian Women and Inheritance Law,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
24. Baxamusa, Ramala, The Legal Status of Muslim Women: An Appraisal of Muslim Personal Law in India. Bombay: SNDT Women's University, 1998.
25. Baxi, Upendra, The Crisis of the Indian Legal System. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House, 1982.
26. Bayly, Christopher A., 'The Pre-history of "Communalism"? Religious Conflict in India, 1700-1860.' Modern Asian Studies 19:2 (1985).
27. Benton, Lauren, 'Colonial Law and Cultural Difference: Jurisdictional Politics and the Formation of the Colonial State.' Comparative Studies in Society and History 43:3 (2001): 563-88.
28. Benton, Lauren, Law and Colonial Cultures: Legal Regimes in World History, 1400-1900. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
29. Bharatiya Janata Party, 'For a Strong and Prosperous India: Election Manifesto 1996.'
30. Bonacich, Edna, 'A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor Market.' American Sociological Review 37:5 (October 1972): 547-59.
31. Bonacich, Edna, 'A Theory of Middleman Minorities.' American Sociological Review 38:5 (October 1973): 583-94.
32. Braude, Benjamin and Bernard Lewis (eds). Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire: The Functioning of a Plural Society. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1982.
33. Brimnes, Neils, 'Beyond Colonial Law: Indigenous Litigation and the Contestation of Property in the Mayor's Court in Late-Eighteenth Century Madras.' Modern Asian Studies 37:3 (July 2003): 501-31.
34. Brubaker, Rogers, Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992.
35. Cairns, Ed, 'Intergroup Conflict in Northern Ireland,' in Henri Tajfel (ed.). Social Identity and Intergroup Relations. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
36. Carroll, Lucy, 'Law, Custom and Statutory Social Reform.' Indian Economic and Social History Review 20:4 (1983).
37. Chakrabarty, Dipesh, 'Communal Riots and Labour: Bengal's Jute Mill-Hands in the 1890s.' Past and Present 91 (May 1981): 140-69.
38. Chandidas, R. et al. (eds). India Votes: A Sourcebook on Indian Elections. New York: Humanities Press, 1968.
39. Chandra, Bipan, Communalism in Modern India. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 1984.
40. Chandra, Sudhir, 'Whose Laws? Notes on a Legitimising Myth of the Colonial Indian State.' Studies in History 8:2 (1992): 187-211.
41. Chatterjee, Partha, Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse? London: Zed Books, 1986.
42. Chatterjee, Partha, The Nation and Its Fragments. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1996.
43. Citizen's Commission, Delhi: 31 October to 4 November 1984. Delhi: Citizens' Commission, n.d.
44. Cohn, Bernard, 'Anthropological Notes on Disputes and Law in India.' American Anthropologist 67:6, Part II (1965): 82-122.
45. Cohn, Bernard, 'Law and the Colonial State in India,' in June Starr and Jane Collier (eds). History and Power in the Study of Law. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1989.
46. Cotterrell, Roger, 'Legality and Political Legitimacy in the Sociology of Max Weber,' in David Sugarman (ed.). Legality, Ideology and the State. New York: Academic Press, 1983.
47. Cristoph, James (ed.). Cases in Comparative Politics. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1965.
48. D'Souza, Radha, 'International Law-Recolonizing the Third World? Law and Conflicts over Water in the Krishna River Basin,' in Diane Kirkby and Catherine Coleborne (eds). Law, History, Colonialism: The Reach of Empire. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
49. Damodaran, Vinita, Broken Promises: Popular Protest, Indian Nationalism and the Congress Party in Bihar, 1935-1946. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
50. Darian-Smith, Eve and Peter Fitzpatrick (eds). Laws of the Postcolonial. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999.
51. Derrett, J. D. M., 'The Administration of Hindu Law Under the British.' Comparative Studies in Society and History IV:1 (November 1961): 10-52.
52. Derrett, J. D. M, Hindu Law: Past and Present. Calcutta: A. Mukherjee & Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1957.
53. Deutsch, Karl, 'Social Mobilization and Political Development.' American Political Science Review LV:3 (September 1961): 493-514.
54. Dhavan, Rajeev, 'India's Quest for Secularism,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 2001.
55. Duncanson, Ian, 'Gender, Class, "Englishness" and Empire,' in Diane Kirkby and Catherine Coleborne (eds). Law, History, Colonialism: The Reach of Empire. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
56. Dutta, Madhushree, Flavia Agnes and Neera Adarkar (eds). The Nation, the State and Indian Identity. Calcutta: Samya, 1996.
57. Engels, Dagmar, 'Wives, Widows and Workers: Women and the Law in Colonial India,' in W.J. Mommsen and J.A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Law: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19th-and 20thcentury Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
58. Engineer, Asghar Ali, Communal Riots in Post-Independence India. Hyderabad: Sangam Books, 1984.
59. Engineer, Asghar Ali, Delhi-Meerut Riots: Analysis, Compilation and Documentation. Delhi:Ajanta, 1988.
60. Engineer, Asghar Ali, The Shah Bano Controversy. Hyderabad: Orient Longman, 1987.
61. Englard, Izhak, 'Law and Religion in Israel.' American Journal of Comparative Law 35:1 (Winter 1987): 185-207.
62. Enloe, Cynthia, Ethnic Conflict and Political Development. Boston:Little, Brown & Co., 1973.
63. Ewing, Katherine P., Shari'at and Ambiguity in South Asian Islam. Berkeley:University of California Press, 1988.
64. Finkle, Jason and Richard Gable (eds). Political Development and Social Change. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1966.
65. Fisch, Jörg, 'Law as a Means and as an End,' in W. J. Mommsen and J. A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Law: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19th-and 20th-Century Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
66. Fitzpatrick, Peter, 'Law, Plurality and Underdevelopment,' in David Sugarman (ed.). Legality, Ideology and the State. New York: Academic Press, 1983.
67. Fitzpatrick, Peter, 'Law, Plurality and Underdevelopment,' in W. J. Mommsen and J. A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Law: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19th-and 20th-Century Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
68. Fitzpatrick, Peter, 'Terminal Legality: Imperialism and the (de)Composition of Law,' in Diane Kirkby and Catherine Coleborne (eds). Law, History, Colonialism: The Reach of Empire. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
69. Fitzpatrick, Peter and Eve Darian-Smith, 'Laws of the Postcolonial: An Insistent Introduction,' in Eve Darian-Smith and Peter Fitzpatrick (eds). Laws of the Postcolonial. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999.
70. Frietag, Sandria, 'Sacred Symbol as Mobilizing Ideology: The North Indian Search for a "Hindu" Community.' Comparative Studies in Society and History 22:4 (October 1980): 597-625.
71. Fullerton, Jon B., 'Social Unity and the Self-Determination of Peoples,' unpublished doctoral thesis, Political Science, Harvard University. June 1997.
72. Furnivall J. S., Colonial Policy and Practice. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1948.
73. Gajendragadkar, Justice, The Hindu Code Bill. Dharwar: Karnatak University Extension Lectures Series, 1951.
74. Galanter, Marc, 'The Aborted Restoration of "Indigenous" Law in India.' Contemporary Studies in Society and History 14 (1972): 53-70.
75. Galanter, Marc, 'The Modernization of Law,' in Myron Weiner (ed.). Modernization. New York: Basic Boob, 1966.
76. Galanter, Marc and Jayanth Krishnan, 'Personal Law Systems and Religious Conflict:A Comparison of India and Israel,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 2001.
77. Geertz, Clifford (ed.). Old Societies and New States. New York: Free Press, 1963.
78. Ghurye, G. S., Social Tensions in India. Bombay: Popular Prakashan, 1968.
79. Gilmartin, David, 'Customary Law and Shari'at in British Punjab,' in Katherine P. Ewing, Shari'at and Ambiguity in South Asian Islam. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.
80. Gilmartin, David, 'Kinship, Women and Politics in Twentieth-Century Punjab,' in Gail Minault (ed.). The Extended Family. Delhi: Chanakya Publications, 1981.
81. Gopal, Sarvepalli (ed.). Anatomy of a Confrontation: Ayodhya and the Rise of Communal Politics in India. London: Zed Books, 1992.
82. Gourevitch, Peter, 'The Reemergence of "Peripheral Nationalisms": Some Comparative Speculations on the Spatial Distribution of Political Leadership and Economic Growth.' Comparative Studies in Society and History 21:3 (July 1979): 303-22.
83. Graham, Bruce D., Hindu Nationalism and Indian Politics. New York:Cambridge University Press, 1990.
84. Griffiths, John, 'What is Legal Pluralisml?' Journal of Legal Pluralism 24 (1986): 1-55.
85. Guha, Ranajit, A Rule of Property for Bengal: An Essay on the Idea of Permanent Settlement. Durham: Duke University Press, 1996.
86. Guha, Ranajit, Dominance Without Hegemony: History and Power in Colonial India. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997.
87. Hardgrave, Robert Jr., 'The Mappilla Rebellion, 1921: Peasant Revolt in Malabar.' Modem Asian Studies 11:1 (1977): 57-99.
88. Hasan, Zoya, 'Gender Politics, Legal Reform, and the Muslim Community in India,' in Patricia Jeffery and Amriţa Basu (eds). Appropriating Gender:Women's Activism and Politicized Religion in South Asia. New York:Routledge, 1998.
89. Hasan, Zoya, 'Minority Identity, Muslim Women Bill Campaign and the Political Process.' Economic and Political Weekly (7 January 1989): 44-53.
90. Hooker, M. B., Legal Pluralism: An Introduction to Colonial and Neo-Colonial Laws. New York: Oxford Clarendon Press, 1975.
91. Horowitz, Donald, Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.
92. Horowitz, Donald, 'The Qur'an and the Common Law: Islamic Law Reform and the Theory of Legal Change (Part I).' American Journal of Comparative Law 42 (Spring 1994): 233-93.
93. Humphreys, Sally (ed.). Cultures of Scholarship. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997.
94. Hunter, W. W., Life of the Earl of Mayo, Vol. 2, London: 1875.
95. Huntington, Samuel, 'The Change to Change: Modernization, Development and Politics.' Comparative Politics 3 (April 1971): 283-322.
96. Hussain, Nasser, The Jurisprudence of Emergency: Colonialism and the Rule of Law. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2003.
97. Ilbert, Courtenay P., 'Indian Codification.' The Law Quarterly Review 5:4 (October 1889): 347-69.
98. Jaffrelot, Christophe, The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India. New York:Columbia University Press, 1996.
99. Jain, C. K. (ed.). Rajiv Gandhi and Parliament. New Delhi: CBS Publishers and Distributors, c. 1992.
100. Jeffery, Patricia and Amrita Basu (eds). Appropriating Gender: Women's Activism and Politicized Religion in South Asia. New York: Routledge, 1998.
101. Jha, Ganganatha. Hindu Law in its Sources, Vol. I, Allahabad: Indian Press Ltd., 1930.
102. Kanungo, Pralay, RSS's Tryst with Politics. Delhi: Manohar, 2002.
103. Kapur, Ratna and Brenda Cossman, Subversive Sites: Feminist Engagements with Law in India. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1996.
104. Katju, Manjari, Vishva Hindu Parishad and Indian Politics. Hyderabad: Orient Longman, 2003.
105. Khosla, G.D., Stern Reckoning: A Survey of the Events Leading up to and Following the Partition of India. New Delhi: Bhawnani, c. 1949.
106. Kidder, R., 'Courts and Conflict ill an Indian City.' Journal of Common-wealth Political Studies XI (1973): 121-39.
107. Kirkby, Diane and Catherine Coleborne (eds). Law, History, Colonialism: The Reach of Empire. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
108. Kirkby, Diane, 'Introduction,' in Diane Kirkby and Catherine Coleborne, eds. Law, History, Colonialism: Tlie Reach of Empire. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
109. Kishwar, Madhu and Ruth Vanita, 'Inheritance Rights for Women.' Manushi 57 (1990): 3-15.
110. Kishwar, Madhu, 'What the Law Says.' Manushi 57 (1990): 2-14.
111. Kodoth, Praveena, 'Courting Legitimacy or Delegitimizing Custom? Sexuality, Sambandham, and Marriage Reform in Late Nineteenth-Century Malabar.' Modern Asian Studies 35:2 (2001): 349-84.
112. Kohn, Hans, The Idea of Nationalism. New York: Macmillan Co., 1944.
113. Kolff, D.H.A., 'The Indian and British Law Machines,' in W. J. Mommsen and J. A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Law: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19th-and 20th-century Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
114. Kothari, Smitu and Harsh Sethi (eds). Voices from a Scarred City: The Delhi Carnage in Perspective. Delhi: Lokayan, 1985.
115. Krishna Survey conducted under the auspices of the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Delhi, 1972.
116. Krishna, Gopal, 'Communal Violence in India.' Economic and Political Weekly 20:2 (12 January 1985): 61-74.
117. Kugle, Scott Alan, 'Framed, Blamed and Renamed: The Recasting of Islamic Jurisprudence in Colonial South Asia.' Modern Asian Studies 35:2 (2001):257-313.
118. Kuper, Hilda and Leo (eds). African Law: Adaptation and Development. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1965.
119. Kuper, Leo and M. G. Smith (eds). Pluralism in Africa. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969.
120. Lambert, Richard D., 'Hindu-Muslim Riots,' unpublished doctoral thesis, Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania. 1951.
121. Larson, Gerald James (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
122. Leue, H. J., 'Legal Expansion in the Age of the Companies: Aspects of the Administration of Justice in the English and Dutch Settlements of Maritime Asia, c. 1600-1750,' in W. J. Mommsen and J. A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Law: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19thand 20th-century Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
123. Levy, Harold Lewis, 'Indian Modernization by Legislation: The Hindu Code Bill,' unpublished doctoral thesis, Department of Political Science, University of Chicago. March 1973.
124. Lewis, Leon, Democracy and the Law. Washington, DC: Public Affairs Press, 1963.
125. Lijphart, Arend, 'Consociational Democracy,' in Kenneth McRae (ed.). Consociational Democracy: Political Accommodation in Segmented Societies. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1974.
126. Lijphart, Arend, 'The Puzzle of Indian Democracy: A Consociational Interpretation.' American Political Science Review 90:2 (June 1996): 258-68.
127. Lijphart, Arend, Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977.
128. Lipson, Leon and Stanton Wheeler (eds). Law and the Social Sciences. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1986.
129. Lipstein, K., 'The Reception of Western Law in India.' International Social Science Bulletin 9 (1957): 85-95.
130. Low, D. A., Lion Rampant: Essays in the Study of British Imperialism. London: Frank Cass, 1973.
131. Luschirisky, Mildred Stroop, 'The Impact of Some Recent Indian Government Legislation on the Women of an Indian Village.' Asian Survey 3:12 (December 1963): 573-83.
132. Mackenzie, John M., 'General Editor's Introduction,' in Diane Kirkby and Catherine Coleborne (eds). Law, History, Colonialism: The Reach of Empire. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
133. Mahmood, Tahir, 'Islamic Law and the Debate on an Indian Civil Code.' Islamic and Comparative Law Quarterly 1:1 (1981): 24-38.
134. Mahmood, Tahir, Muslim Personal Law. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House, 1977.
135. Mahmood, Tahir, Muslim Personal Law: Role of the State in the Subcontinent, 2nd ed., Nagpur: All India Reporter, 1983.
136. Malik, Yogendra K. and V.B. Singh, Hindu Nationaluts in India: The Rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party. San Francisco: Westview Press, 1994.
137. Mallat, Chibli and Jane Connor (eds). Islamic Family Law. London: Graham & Trotman, 1990.
138. Mamdani, Mahmood (ed.). Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk. New York: St Martin's Press, 2000.
139. Mamdani, Mahmood, Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1996.
140. Mani, Lata, 'Contentious Traditions,' in Kumkum Sangari and Sudesh Vaid (eds). Recasting Women. New Delhi: Kali for Women, 1989.
141. Mansfield, John, 'The Personal Laws or a Uniform Civil Code?' in Robert D. Baird (ed.). Religion atid Law in Independent India. New Delhi: Manohar, 1993.
142. Mayer, Ann Elizabeth, 'Law and Religion in the Muslim Middle East.' American Journal of Comparative Law 35:1 (Winter 1987): 127-84.
143. McLane, John, Indian Nationalism and the Early Congress. New Jersey:Princeton University Press, 1977.
144. McRae, Kenneth (ed.). Consociational Democracy: Political Accommodation in Segmented Societies. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1974.
145. Melson, Robert and Howard Wolpe, 'Modernisation and the Politics of Communalism: A Theoretical Perspective.' American Political Science Review LXIV: 4 (December 1970): 558-82.
146. Mende, Tiboi, Conversations with Mr. Nehru. London: Seeker & Warburg, 1956.
147. Mendelsohn, Oliver, 'The Pathology of the Indian Legal System.' Modern Asian Studies 15:4 (1981): 823-63.
148. Menon, Nivedita, 'State, Community and the Debate on the Uniform Civil Code in India,' in Mahmood Mamdani (ed.). Beyond Rights Talk and Culture Talk. New York: St Martin's Press, 2000.
149. Merry, Sally Engle, 'Legal Pluralism.' Law & Society Review 22:5 (1988): 869-96.
150. Merry, Sally Engle, 'Law and Colonialism.' Law & Society Review 25:4 (1991): 889-922.
151. Metcalf, Thomas R., Ideologies of the Raj. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
152. Minault, Gail (ed.). The Extended Family. Delhi: Chanakya Publications, 1981.
153. Mitra, Subrata, 'The Limits of Accommodation: Nehru, Religion and the State in India.' South Asia Research 9:2 (November 1989): 107-27.
154. Mitra, Subrata and Alexander Fischer. 'Sacred Laws and the Secular State: An Analytical Narrative of the Controversy over Personal Laws in India.' India Review 1:3 (July 2002): 99-130.
155. Mody, Nawaz B., 'The Press in India: The Shah Bano Judgment and its Aftermath.' Asian Survey 27:8 (August 1987): 935-53.
156. Mommsen, W. J., 'Introduction,' in W. J. Mommsen and J. A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Law: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19th-and 20th-century Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
157. Mommsen, W. J and J. A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Law: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19th-and 20th-century Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
158. Moore, Sally Falk, 'Legal Systems of the World,' in Leon Lipson and Stanton Wheeler (eds). Law and the Social Sciences. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1986.
159. Morrison, Donald and H. M. Stevenson, 'Cultural Pluralism, Modernization and Conflict: an Empirical Analysis of Sources of Political Instability in African Nations,' in John Paden (ed.). Values, Identities and National Integration:Empirical Research in Africa. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1980.
160. Nader, Laura and Harry Todd (eds). Tlie Disputing Process: Law in Ten Societies. New York: Columbia University Press, 1978.
161. Nader, Laura, 'Introduction,' in Laura Naderand Harry Todd (eds). The Disputing Process: Law in Ten Societies. New York: Columbia University Press, 1978
162. Nair, Janaki, Women and Law in Colonial India: A Social History. New Delhi:Kali for Women, 1996.
163. Neumann, Franz, The Rule of Law: Theory and the Legal System in Modern Society. New Hampshire: Berg Publishers, 1986.
164. Oldenburg, Veena Talwar, Dowry Murder: The Imperial Origins of a Cultural Crime. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
165. Otto, Diane, 'Subalternity and International Law: The Problems of Global Community and the Incommensurability of Difference,' in Eve Darian-Smith and Peter Fitzpatrick (eds). Laws of the Postcolonial. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999.
166. Overstreet, Gene, 'The Hindu Code Bill,' in James Cristoph (ed.). Cases in Comparative Politics. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1965.
167. Paden, John (ed.). Values, Identities and National Integration: Empirical Research in Africa. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1980.
168. Pal, Ruma, 'Religious Minorities and the Law,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 2001.
169. Pandey, Gyanendra, The Construction of Communalism in Colonial North India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1990.
170. Parashar, Archana, Women and Family Law Reform in India. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1992.
171. Parel, Anthony, 'The Political Symbolism of the Cow in India.' Journal of Commonwealth Political Studies 7 (November 1969): 179-203.
172. Parthasarathi, G. (ed.). Letters to Chief Ministers, Vol. I, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1985.
173. Pathak, Zakia and Rajeswari Sunder Rajan, 'Shahbano.' Signs 14:3 (Spring 1989): 558-82.
174. Pearl, David, 'Historical Background to the "Personal System" of Law.' Studies in Islam: Quarterly Journal of the Indian Institute of Islamic Studies 11:1-2 (January-April 1974): 95-120.
175. People's Union for Democratic Rights, Who Are the Guilty? Report of the Joint Inquiry into the Causes and Impact of the Riots in Delhi from 31 October to 10 November. New Delhi: People's Union for Democratic Rights, People's Union for Civil Liberties, 1984.
176. Popkin, William D., 'Some Continuing Issues,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 2001.
177. Prasad, Rajendra, Dr. Rajendra Prasad: Correspondence and Select Documents. Valmiki Chaudhary (ed.). New Delhi: Allied, 1984-1995.
178. Purdy, Jeannine. 'Postcolonialism: The Emperor's New Clothes?' in Eve Darian-Smith and Peter Fitzpatrick (eds). Laws of the Postcolonial. Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press, 1999.
179. Rajgopal, P. R., Communal Violence in India. New Delhi: Uppal Publishing House, 1987.
180. Rao, Amiya, Aurobindo Ghose, and N. D. Pancholi, Report to the Nation: Truth About Delhi Violence. Delhi: Ashok Press, 1985.
181. Rao, P.K., 'Shah Bano's Case and Uniform Civil Code-A Survey of Public Opinion Among Muslim Community at Tirupati.' Journal of the Indian Law Institute 27:4 (1985): 572-7.
182. Rubin, Vera (ed.). Social and Cultural Pluralism in the Caribbean. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 83:5 (20 January 1960).
183. Rubinstein, A., 'Law and Religion in Israel.' Israel Law Review 2 (1967): 384-99.
184. Rudolph, Lloyd and Susanne Rudolph, 'Barristers and Brahmans in India:Legal Cultures and Social Change.' Contemporary Studies in Society and History 8:1 (October 1965): 24-49.
185. Rudolph, Lloyd, 'Living With Difference in India,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
186. Rudolph, Lloyd, 'Occidentalism and Orientalism: Perspectives on Legal Pluralism,' in Sally Humphreys (ed.). Cultures of Scholarship. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997.
187. Sachs, Jeffrey D., Ashutosh Varshney, and Nirupam Bajpai (eds). India in the Era of Economic Reforms. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1999.
188. Saksena, N. S., Communal Riots in India. Noida: Trishul Publications, 1990.
189. Saleem, Mohd. Yunus, 'This is a Non-Issue.' Times of India Sunday Review (31 March 1986).
190. Sangari, Kumkum and Sudesh Vaid (eds). Recasting Women. New Delhi: Kali for Women, 1989.
191. Sarkar, Tanika and Urvashi Butalia (eds). Women and Right-Wing Movements: Indian Experiences. New Jersey: Zed Books, 1995.
192. Sathe, S.P., Towards Gender Justice. Bombay: Research Centre for Women's Studies, SNDT University, 1993.
193. Scheuerman, William, Between the Norm and the Exception. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1994.
194. Sen, Sudipta, Distant Sovereignty: National Imperialism and the Origins of British India. New York: Routledge, 2002.
195. Shahabuddin, Syed, 'The Turmoil in the Muslim Mind.' Onlooker (16-31 March 1986).
196. Shahabuddin, Syed, 'Victory.' Muslim India (January 1986).
197. Shea, Thomas, 'The Land Tenure Structure of Malabar and Its Influence Upon Capital Formation in Agriculture,' unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Pennsylvania. 1959.
198. Singha, Radhika, A Despotism of Law: Crime and Justice in Early Colonial India. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1998.
199. Sinha, Mrinalini, 'The Age of Consent Act,' in Tony Stewart (ed.). Shaping Bengali Worlds, Public and Private. Asian Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1989.
200. Sisson, Richard and Ramashray Roy (eds). Diversity and Dominance in Indian Politics. Newbury Park, California: Sage, 1990.
201. Smith, Anthony, National Identity. Las Vegas: University of Nevada Press, 1991.
202. Smith, Anthony, The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1986.
203. Smith, Anthony, Theories of Nationalism. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1983.
204. Snyder, Louis, The Meaning of Nationalem. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1954.
205. Som, Reba, 'Jawaharlal Nehru and the Hindu Code: A Victory of Symbol over Substance?' Modem Asian Studies 28:1 (1994): 165-94.
206. Srivastava, Sushil, The Disputed Mosque: A Historical Inquiry. New Delhi:Vistaar Publications, 1991.
207. Starr, June and Jane Collier (eds). History and Power in the Study of Law. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1989.
208. Stewart, Tony (ed.). Shaping Bengali Worlds, Publicând Private. Asian Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1989.
209. Sugarman, David (ed.). Legality, Ideology and the State. New York: Academic Press, 1983.
210. Sunder Rajan, Rajeswari, The Scandal of the State: Women, Law and Citizenship in Postcolonial India. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2003.
211. Tajfel, Henri (ed.). Social Identity and Intergroup Relations. New York:Cambridge University Press, 1982.
212. Tamanaha, Brian Z., A General Jurisprudence of Law and Society. New York:Oxford University Press, 2001.
213. Tamanaha, Brian Z, On the Rule of Law: History, Politics, Theory. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
214. Tamanaha, Brian Z, 'The Folly of the "Social Scientific" Concept of Legal Pluralism.' Journal of Law and Society 20:2 (Summer 1993): 197-217.
215. Thursby, G. R., Hindu-Muslim Relations in British India. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1975.
216. Tilly, Charles (ed.). The Formation of National States in Western Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1975.
217. Tope, T. K. and H. S. Ursekar, Why Hindu Code? Poona: Dharma Nimaya Mandal, 1953.
218. van der Veer, Peter, 'Hindu Nationalism and the Discourse of Modernity: The Vishva Hindu Parishad,' unpublished paper prepared for the South Asia Seminar, Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.
219. Varshney, Ashutosh, 'Mass Politics or Elite Politics? Indian Economic Reforms in Comparative Perspective,' in Jeffrey D. Sachs, Ashutosh Varshney, and Nimpam Bajpai (eds). India in the Era of Economic Reforms. New York:Oxford University Press, 1999.
220. Varshney, Ashutosh, Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002
221. Varshney, Ashutosh and Steven Wilkinson. 'Hindu-Muslim Riots 1960-93: New Findings, Possible Remedies.' Project No. 12. New Delhi: Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1994.
222. Vatuk, Sylvia, 'Where Will She Go? What Will She Do? Paternalism Towards Women in the Administration of Muslim Personal Law in Contemporary India,' in Gerald James Larson (ed.). Religion and Personal Law in Secular India: A Call to Judgment. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
223. von Benda-Beckmann, Franz, 'Symbiosis of Indigenous and Western Law in Africa and Asia: An Essay in Legal Pluralism,' in w. J. Mommsen and J. A. de Moor (eds). European Expansion and Laif: The Encounter of European and Indigenous Law in 19th-and 20th-century Africa and Asia. New York: St Martin's Press, 1992.
224. von Hayek, Friedrich A., The Constitution of Liberty. New York: Legal Classics Library, 1999.
225. Walker, Geoffrey, The Rule of Law: The Foundation of Constitutional Democracy. Carlton, Victoria: Melbourne University Press, 1988.
226. Washbrook, David A., 'Economic Depression and the Making of "Traditional" Society in Colonial India. 1820-55.' Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6th Series, Vol. III (1993): 237-63.
227. Washbrook, David A, 'Law, State and Agrarian Society in Colonial India.' Modern Asian Studies 15:3 (1981): 649-721.
228. Weber, Max, Economy and Society, Vol. I, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.
229. Weber, Max, On Law in Economy and Society. Transl. Rheinstein and Shils. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1954.
230. Weiner, Myron (ed.). Modernization: The Dynamics of Growth. New York:Basic Books, 1966.
231. Weiner, Myron, 'Problems of Integration and Modernization Breakdowns' in Jason Finklc and Richard Gable (eds). Political Development and Social Change. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1966.
232. Wilkinson, Steven I., 'The Electoral Incentives for Ethnic Violence:Hindu-Muslim Riots in India,' unpublished doctoral thesis, Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. February 1998.
233. Williams, Rina Verma, 'Gender, Nation, Religion: Political Discourse and the Personal Laws in India, 1952-1956.' Journal of the Southwest Conference of Asian Studies 5 (2005): 52-84.
234. Williams, Rina Verma, 'Re-Conceptualizing the Nation-State: Religion, Personal Laws and Ethnic Conflict in India, 1920-1986,' unpublished doctoral thesis, Department of Government, Harvard University, May 1998.
235. Williams, Rina Verma, 'Religious Law, Political Discourse, and the Historical Construction of Gender Inequality in India.' Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association. Chicago, Illinois: September 2004.
236. Yang, Anand, 'Sacred Symbol and Sacred Space in Rural India: Community Mobilization in the "Anti-Cow Killing" Riot of 1893.' Comparative Studies in Society and History 22:4 (October 1980): 576-96.
237. Zavos, John, The Emergence of Hindu Nationalism in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.
238. India, Constituent Assembly, Constituent Assembly (Legislative) Debates. New Delhi: Lok Sabha Secretariat, 1966-67.
239. India, Constituent Assembly, Constituent Assembly Debates: Official Report. New Delhi: Lok Sabha Secretariat, 1966-67.
240. India, Legislature, Legislative Assembly, Legislative Assembly Debates:Official Report. Delhi: Manager of Publications, 1921-47.
241. India, Parliament, Lok Sabha, Lok Sabha Debates. New Delhi: Lok Sabha Secretariat, 1954.
242. India, Parliament, Rajya Sabha, Council of States Debates: Official Report. New Delhi: Rajya Sabha Secretariat, 1952.
243. Indian Statutory Commission. Memoranda Submitted by the Government of India and the India Office to the Indian Statutory Commission, Vol. IV, Part I. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1930.
244. Ahmedabad Women Action Group (AWAG) & Ors. v. Union of India (1997) 3 SCC 573 AIR 1997 SC 3614
245. Bai Tahira v. Ali Hussain. AIR 1979 Supreme Court 362.
246. Fazlunbi v. K. Khader Vali. AIR 1980 Supreme Court 1730.
247. Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum. AIR 1985 Supreme Court 945.
248. Ms Jordan Diengdeh v. S. S. Chopra 1985 AIR 935 SCR Supl. (1) 704 (10/05/1985).
249. National Textile Workers' Union Etc. v. P.R. Ramkrishnan and Others 1983 AIR 1983 SCR (1) 9 (12/10/1982).
250. Reynold Rahnani and Another v. Unon of India and Another (1982) 2 sec 474.
251. Smt. Sarla Mttdgal, President, Kalyani & Ors. v. Union of India & Ors. 1995 AIR 1531 1995 sec (3) 635 (5/10/1995)
252. http://alfa.nic.in/debates/vol7p11.htm
253. http://congresssandesh.com
254. http://lawmin.nic.in
255. http://parliamentofindia.nic.in
256. http://web.lexis-nexis.com
257. http://www.aiwc.org
258. http://www.ashoka.org
259. http://www.bjp.org
260. http://www.censusindia.net
261. http://www.judis.nic.in/sc/
262. http://www.shivsena.org