Primate Origins

A Companion to Paleoanthropology

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 339-357

  Silcox, Mary T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WINNIPEG   (Canada)

Author keywords

Early tertiary primates; Fossil record; Primate origins; Primate taxa

Indexed keywords

EID: 84887051723     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781118332344.ch18     Document Type: Chapter

References (92)

1. Anemone, Robert L., and Herbert H. Covert, 2000 New Skeletal Remains of Omomys (Primates, Omomyidae):Functional Morphology of the Hindlimb and Locomotor Behavior of a Middle Eocene Primate. Journal of Human Evolution 38: 300-328.
2. Aumont, Adeline, 2004 Première découverte d'espèces sympatriques de Paromomyidés (Plésiadapiformes, Mammifères) en Europe. Comptes Rendus Palevol 3: 27-34.
3. Bacon, Anne-Marie and Marc Godinot, 1998 Analyse morphofonctionelle des fémurs et des tibias des « Adapis » du Quercy: Mise en évidence de cinq types morphologiques. Folia Primatologica 69: 1-21.
4. Beard, K. Christopher, 1990 Gliding Behavior and Palaeoecology of the Alleged Primate Family Paromomyidae (Mammalia, Dermoptera). Nature 345: 340-341.
5. Beard, K. Christopher, and Ross D.E. MacPhee, 1994 Cranial Anatomy of Shoshonius and the Antiquity of Anthropoidea. In Anthropoid Origins. John G. Fleagle and Richard F. Kay, eds. pp. 55-97. New York: Plenum Press.
6. Beard, K. Christopher, and Jingwen Wang, 1995 The First Asian Plesiadapoids (Mammalia: Primatomorpha). Annals of Carnegie Museum 64: 1-33.
7. Beard, K. Christopher, Tao Qi, Mary R. Dawson, Banyue Wang, and Chuankuei Li, 1994 A Diverse New Primate Fauna from Middle Eocene Fissure-fillings in Southeastern China. Nature 368: 604-609.
8. Biknevicius, Audrone R., 1986 Dental Function and Diet in the Carpolestidae (Primates, Plesiadapiformes). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 71: 157-71.
9. Bloch, Jonathan I., and Douglas M. Boyer, 2002 Grasping Primate Origins. Science 298: 1606-1610.
10. Bloch, Jonathan I., and Douglas M. Boyer, 2002 New Skeletons of Paleocene-Eocene Plesiadapiformes: A Diversity of Arboreal Positional Behaviors in Early Primates. In Primate Origins: Adaptations and Evolution. Matt J. Ravosa and Marian Dagosto eds. pp. 535-581. New York: Plenum Press.
11. Bloch, Jonathan I., and Mary T. Silcox, 2006 Cranial Anatomy and Relationships of Paleocene Plesiadapiform Carpolestes simpsoni (Mammalia, Primates) Using Ultra High-Resolution X-ray Computed Tomography. Journal of Human Evolution 50: 1-35.
12. Bloch, Jonathan I., Mary T. Silcox, Douglas M. Boyer, and Eric J. Sargis, 2007 New Paleocene Skeletons and the Relationship of Plesiadapiforms to Crown-Clade primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 104: 1159-1164.
13. Bown, Thomas M., and Kenneth D. Rose, 1987 Patterns of Dental Evolution in Early Eocene Anaptomorphine Primates (Omomyidae) from the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Paleontological Society Memoir 23: 1-162.
14. Boyer, Douglas M., 2007 A Test of the Visual Predation Hypothesis of Euprimate Origins Using Diet-Correlated Measures of Tooth Shape. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (suppl. to 3): 51A.
15. Boyer, Douglas M., and Jonathan I. Bloch, 2008 Evaluating the Mitten-Gliding Hypothesis for Paromomyidae and Micromomyidae (Mammalia, "Plesiadapiformes") Using Comparative Functional Morphology of New Paleogene Skeletons. In Mammalian Evolutionary Morphology: a Tribute to Frederick S. Szalay. Marian Dagosto and Eric J. Sargis eds. pp. 233-284. New York: Springer-Verlag.
16. Cartmill, Matt, 1972 Arboreal Adaptations and the Origin of the Order Primates. In The Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates. Russell H. Tuttle R ed. pp. 97-122. Chicago: Aldine-Atherton.
17. Cartmill, Matt, 1974 Rethinking Primate Origins. Science 184: 436-443.
18. Cartmill, Matt, 1992 New Views on Primate Origins. Evolutionary Anthropology 1: 105-111.
19. Clemens, William A., 2004 Purgatorius (Plesiadapiformes, Primates?, Mammalia), a Paleocene Immigrant into Northeastern Montana: Stratigraphic Occurrences and Incisor Proportions. In Fanfare for an Uncommon Paleontologist: Papers in Honor of Malcolm C. McKenna. Mary R. Dawson and Jason A. Lillegraven eds. pp. 3-13. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 36.
20. Covert, Herbert H., 1986 Biology of Early Cenozoic Primates. In Comparative Primate Biology, Volume 1, Systematics, Evolution, and Anatomy. Daris Ray Swindler and J. Erwin eds. pp. 335-359. New York: Alan R. Liss.
21. Cuvier, Georges, 1821 Discours Sur la Théorie de la Terre, Servant d'Introduction aux Recherches sur les Ossements Fossiles. Paris.
22. Dagosto, Marian, 1983 The Postcranium of Adapis parisiensis and Leptadapis magnus (Adapiformes, Primates): Adaptational and Phylogenetic Significance. Folia Primatologica 17: 35-56.
23. Dagosto, Marian, 1993 Postcranial Anatomy and Locomotor Behavior in Eocene Primates. In Postcranial Adaptations in Nonhuman Primates. Daniel L. Gebo, ed. pp. 200-219. DeKalb IL: Northern Illinois University Press.
24. Dagosto, Marian, Daniel L. Gebo, and K. Christopher Beard, 1999 Revision of the Wind River Faunas, early Eocene of Central Wyoming. Part 14. Postcranium of Shoshonius cooperi (Mammalia, Primates). Annals of Carnegie Museum 68: 175-211.
25. Dashzeveg, Demberlyn, and Malcolm C. McKenna, 1977 Tarsioid Primate from the Early Tertiary of the Mongolian People's Republic. Acta Palaeontogica Polonica 22: 119-137.
26. de Queiroz, Kevin and Jacques Gauthier, 1990 Phylogeny as a Central Principle in Taxonomy: Phylogenetic Definitions of Taxon Names. Systematic Zoology 39: 307-322.
27. Fleagle, John G., 1999 Primate Adaptation and Evolution, Volume 2. San Diego: Academic Press.
28. Franzen, Jens L. Philip D. Gingerich, Jörg Habersetzer, Jørn H. Hurum, Wighart von Koenigswald, and Holly B. Smith, 2009 Complete Primate Skeleton from the Middle Eocene of Messel in Germany: Morphology and Paleobiology. PLoS One 4: e5723.
29. Franzen, Jens L., and Volker Wilde, 2003 First Gut Content of a Fossil Primate. Journal of Human Evolution 44: 373-378.
30. Gebo, Daniel L., 1988 Foot Morphology and Locomotor Adaptations in Eocene Primates. Folia Primatologica 50: 3-41.
31. Gebo, Daniel L., 2001 Adapiformes: Phylogeny and Adaptation. In The Primate Fossil Record. Walter C. Hartwig ed. pp. 21-43. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
32. Gebo, Daniel L., 2009 A Response to Sargis et al. (2007). Journal of Human Evolution 57: 810-814.
33. Gheerbrant, Emmanuel, Jean Sudre, Sevket Sen, Claude Abrial, Bernard Marandat, Bernard Sigé, Monique Vianey-Liaud, 1998 Nouvelles Données sur les Mammifères du Thanetien et de l"Ypresien du Bassin d'Ouarzazate (Maroc) et Leur Contexte Stratigraphique. Palaeovertebrata 27: 155-202.
34. Gingerich, Philip D., 1974 Function of Pointed Premolars in Phenacolemur and Other Mammals. Journal of Dental Research 53: 497.
35. Gingerich, Philip D., 1976 Cranial Anatomy and Evolution of Early Tertiary Plesiadapidae (Mammalia, Primates). University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 15: 1-141.
36. Gingerich, Philip D., 1981 Cranial Morphology and Adaptations in Eocene Adapidae. I. Sexual Dimorphism in Adapis magnus and Adapis parisiensis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 56: 217-234.
37. Gingerich, Philip D., and Gregg F. Gunnell, 2005 Brain of Plesiadapis cookei (Mammalia, Proprimates): Surface Morphology and Encephalization Compared to those of Primates and Dermoptera. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 31: 185-195.
38. Gingerich, Philip D., and Robert D. Martin, 1981 Cranial Morphology and Adaptations in Eocene Adapidae. II. The Cambridge Skull of Adapis parisiensis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 56: 235-257.
39. Gingerich, Philip D., Demberlyn Dashzeveg, and Donald E. Russell, 1991 Dentition and Systematic Relationships of Altanius orlovi (Mammalia, Primates) from the Early Eocene of Mongolia. Geobios 24: 637-646.
40. Gingerich, Philip D., Jens L. Franzen, Jörg Habersetzer, Jørn H. Hurum, and B. Holly Smith, 2010 Darwinius masillae is a Haplorhine-Reply to Williams et al., (2010). Journal of Human Evolution 59: 574-579.
41. Godinot, Marc, 1992 Apportàla Systèmatique de Quatre Genres d'Adapiformes (Primates, Éocène). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences. Série II: Mécanique-Physique-Chimie, Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers 314: 237-242.
42. Godinot, Marc, and Sébastien Couette, 2008 Morphological Diversity in the Skulls of Large Adapines (Primates, Adapiformes) and its Systematic implications. In Mammalian Evolutionary Morphology: a Tribute to Frederick S. Szalay. Marian Dagosto and Eric J. Sargis eds. pp. 285-313. New York: Springer-Verlag.
43. Gregory, William K., 1920 On the Structure and Relationships of Notharctus, an American Eocene Primate. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 3: 49-243.
44. Heesy, Christopher P., and Callum F. Ross, 2001 Evolution of Activity Patterns and Chromatic Vision in Primates: Morphometrics, Genetics and Cladistics. Journal of Human Evolution 40: 111-149.
45. Hoffstetter, Robert, 1977 Phylogénie des Primates. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris t4, XIII:327-346.
46. Janecka, Jan E., Webb Miller, Thomas H. Pringle, Frank Wiens, Annette Zitzmann, Kristofer M. Helgen, Mark S. Springer, and William J. Murphy, 2007 Molecular and Genomic Data Identify the Closest Living Relative of Primates. Science 318: 792-794.
47. Jeffries, Richard, P.S., 1979 The Origin of Chordates-a Methodological Essay. In: The Origin of Major Invertebrate Groups. Michael R. House, ed. pp. 443-477. Systematics Association Special Volume 12. New York: Academic Press.
48. Jerison, Harry J., 1979 Brain, Body and Encephalization in Early Primates. Journal of Human Evolution 8: 615-635.
49. Kay, Richard F., Richard W. Thorington, and Peter Houde, 1990 Eocene Plesiadapiform Shows Affinities with Flying Lemurs Not Primates. Nature 345: 342-344.
50. Kay, Richard F., J. G. M. "Hans" Thewissen, and Anne D. Yoder, 1992 Cranial Anatomy of Ignacius graybullianus and the Affinities of the Plesiadapiformes. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 89: 477-498.
51. Kirk, E. Christopher, 2006 Visual Influences on Primate Encephalization. Journal of Human Evolution 51: 76-90.
52. Liu, Liang, Lili Yu, Dennis K. Pearl, Scott V. Edwards, 2009 Estimating Species Phylogenies Using Coalescence Times Among Sequences. Systematic Biology 58: 468-477.
53. Maas, Mary C., David W. Krause, and Suzanne G. Strait, 1988 The Decline and Extinction of Plesiadapiformes (Mammalia: ?Primates) in North America: Displacement or Replacement? Paleobiology 14: 410-431.
54. MacPhee Ross D. E., and Matt Cartmill, 1986 Basicranial Structures and Primate Systematics. In Comparative Primate Biology, Volume 1, Systematics, Evolution, and Anatomy. Daris Ray Swindler and J. Erwin eds. pp. 219-275. New York: Alan R. Liss.
55. Martin, Robert D., 1968 Towards a New Definition of Primates. Man 3: 377-401.
56. Martin, Robert D., 1990 Primate Origins and Evolution: a Phylogenetic Reconstruction. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
57. Martin, Robert D., 2004 Chinese Lantern for Early Primates. Nature 427: 22-23.
58. Matthew, William D., 1917 A Paleocene Bat. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 37: 569-571.
59. Ni, Xijun, Yuanqing Wang, Yaoming Hu, and Chuankui Li, 2004 A Euprimate Skull from the Early Eocene of China. Nature 427: 65-8.
60. Qi, Tao, and K. Christopher Beard, 1998 Late Eocene Sivaladapid Primate from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. Journal of Human Evolution 35: 211-220.
61. Radinsky, Leonard B., 1982 Some Cautionary Notes on Making Inferences about Relative Brain Size. In Primate Brain Evolution: Methods and Concepts. Este Armstrong and Dean Falk eds. pp. 29-37. New York: Plenum.
62. Rasmussen, D. Tab, 1990 Primate Origins: Lessons from a Neotropical Marsupial. American Journal of Primatology 22: 263-277.
63. Rose, Kenneth D., 1995 The Earliest Primates. Evolutionary Anthropology 3: 159-173.
64. Rose, Kenneth D., and Thomas M. Bown, 1982 New Plesiadapiform Primates from the Eocene of Wyoming and Montana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2: 63-9.
65. Rose, Kenneth D., and Thomas M. Bown, 1991 Additional Fossil Evidence on the Differentiation of the Earliest Euprimates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 88: 98-101.
66. Rose, Kenneth D., and Alan C. Walker, 1985 The Skeleton of Early Eocene Cantius, Oldest Lemuriform Primate. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 66: 73-89.
67. Rose, Kenneth D., Ross D.E. MacPhee, and John P. Alexander, 1999 Skull of Early Eocene Cantius abditus (Primates: Adapiformes) and its Phylogenetic Implications, with a Reevaluation of "Hesperolemur" actius. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 109: 523-539.
68. Rose, Kenneth D., Rajendra S. Ranab, Ashok Sahni, Kishor Kumar, Pieter Missiaen, Lachham Singh, and Thierry Smith, 2009 Early Eocene Primates from Gujarat, India. Journal of Human Evolution 56: 366-404.
69. Rosenberger, Alfred L., 1985 In Favor of the Necrolemur-Tarsier Hypothesis. Folia Primatologica 45: 179-194.
70. Rowe, Timothy, 1987 Definition and Diagnosis in the Phylogenetic System. Systematic Zoology 36: 208-211.
71. Russell, Donald E., 1959 Le crâne de Plesiadapis. Bulletin de Societé Géologique de France 4: 312-14.
72. Russell, Donald E., 1964 Les mammifères paléocène d'Europe. Mémoires du Muséum National d'histoire Naturelle Nouvelle Série 13: 1-324.
73. Russell Donald E., Pierre Louis, and Donald E. Savage, 1967 Primates of the French Early Eocene. University of California Publications in the Geological Sciences 73: 1-46.
74. Sargis, Eric J., Douglas M. Boyer, Jonathan I. Bloch, and Mary T. Silcox, 2007 Evolution of Pedal Grasping in Primates. Journal of Human Evolution 53: 103-107.
75. Seiffert, Erik R., Elwyn L. Simons William C. Clyde, James B. Rossie, Yousry Attia, Thomas M. Bown, Prithijit Chatrath, Mark E. Mathison, 2005 Basal Anthropoids from Egypt and the Antiquity of Africa's Higher Primate Radiation. Science 310: 300-304.
76. Seiffert, Erik R., Jonathan M.G. Perry, Elwyn L. Simons, and Doug M. Boyer, 2009 Convergent Evolution of Anthropoid-like Adaptations in Eocene Adapiform Primates. Nature 461: 1118-1121.
77. Sigé, Bernard, Jean-Jacques Jaeger, Jean Sudre, and Monique Vianey-Liaud, 1990 Altiatlasius koulchii n. gen et sp., Primate Omomyidé du Paléocène Supérieur du Maroc, et les Origines des Euprimates. Palaeontographica 212: 1-24.
78. Silcox, Mary T., 2007 Primate Taxonomy, Plesiadapiforms, and Approaches to Primate Origins. In Primate Origins: Adaptations and Evolution. Matt J. Ravosa and Marian Dagosto eds. pp. 143-178. New York: Plenum Press.
79. Silcox, Mary T., 2008 The Biogeographic Origins of Primates and Euprimates: East, West, North, or South of Eden? In Mammalian Evolutionary Morphology: a Tribute to Frederick S. Szalay. Marian Dagosto and Eric J. Sargis eds. pp. 199-231. New York: Springer-Verlag.
80. Silcox, Mary T., and Gregg F. Gunnell, 2008 Plesiadapiformes. In Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America Vol. 2: Marine Mammals and Smaller Terrestrial Mammals. Christine M. Janis, Gregg F. Gunnell, and Mark D. Uhen eds. pp. 207-238. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
81. Silcox, Mary T., Claire K. Dalmyn, and Jonathan I. Bloch, 2009 Virtual Endocast of Ignacius graybullianus (Paromomyidae, Primates) and Brain Evolution in Early Primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 106: 10987-92.
82. Sussman, Robert W., 1991 Primate Origins and the Evolution of Angiosperms. American Journal of Primatology 23: 209-223.
83. Sussman, Robert W., and Peter H. Raven, 1978 Pollination of Flowering Plants by Lemurs and Marsupials: a Surviving Archaic Coevolutionary System. Science 200: 731-736.
84. Szalay, Frederick S., 1972 Paleobiology of the Earliest Primates. In The Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates. Russell H. Tuttle R ed. pp. 3-35. Chicago: Aldine-Atherton.
85. Szalay, Frederick S., and Marian Dagosto, 1980 Locomotor Adaptations as Reflected on the Humerus of Paleogene Primates. Folia Primatologica 34: 1-45.
86. Szalay, Frederick S., Gerrell Drawhorn, 1980 Evolution and Diversification of the Archonta in an Arboreal Milieu. In Comparative Biology and Evolutionary Relationships of Tree Shrews. pp. 133-169. W. Patrick Luckett ed. New York: Plenum Press.
87. Szalay, Frederick S., Alfred L. Rosenberger, Marian Dagosto, 1987 Diagnosis and Differentiation of the Order Primates. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 30: 75-105.
88. Tong, Yong Sheng, and Jing Wen Wang, 1998 A Preliminary Report on the Early Eocene Mammals of the Wutu fauna, Shandong Province, China. In Dawn of the Age of Mammals in Asia. K. Christoper Beard and Mary R. Dawson eds. pp. 186-193. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 34. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Museum of Natural History.
89. Van Valen, Leigh M., and Robert E. Sloan, 1965 The Earliest Primates. Science 150: 743-745.
90. von Koenigswald, Wighart, 1979 Ein Lemurenrest aus dem Eozänen Ölschiefer der Grube Messel bei Darmstadt. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 53: 63-76.
91. Wible, John R., and James R. Martin, 1993 Ontogeny of the Tympanic Floor and Roof in Archontans. In Primates and Their Relatives in Phylogenetic Perspective. Ross D. E. MacPhee ed. pp 111-146. New York: Plenum Press.
92. Williams, Blythe A., Richard F. Kay, E. Christopher Kirk and Callum F. Ross, 2010 Darwinius masillae is a Strepsirrhine-A Reply to Franzen et al. (2009). Journal of Human Evolution 59: 567-573.