Inadequate emergence after anesthesia: Emergence delirium and hypoactive emergence in the Postanesthesia Care Unit

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 439-446

  Xará, Daniela ^a   Silva, Acácio ^a   Mendonça, Júlia ^a   Abelha, Fernando ^a,b  

^a Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

Author keywords

Agitation; Anesthesia emergence; Emergence delirium; Hyperactivity; Postanesthesia Care Unit; Postoperative delirium

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CORE TEMPERATURE; DELAYED EMERGENCE FROM ANESTHESIA; ELECTIVE SURGERY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INADEQUATE EMERGENCE AFTER ANESTHESIA; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM; POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RECOVERY ROOM; SURGICAL RISK; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE;

AGITATION; ANESTHESIA EMERGENCE; EMERGENCE DELIRIUM; HYPERACTIVITY; POSTANESTHESIA CARE UNIT; POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM;

ADULT; AGED; ANESTHESIA RECOVERY PERIOD; ANESTHESIA, GENERAL; CONSCIOUSNESS DISORDERS; DELIRIUM; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD; LENGTH OF STAY; LETHARGY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PAIN MEASUREMENT; PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE; POSTOPERATIVE CARE; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SINGLE-BLIND METHOD;

EID: 84887015987     PISSN: 09528180     EISSN: 18734529     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2013.02.011     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. F.M. Radtke, M. Franck, L. Hagemann, M. Seeling, K.D. Wernecke, and C.D. Spies Risk factors for inadequate emergence after anesthesia: emergence delirium and hypoactive emergence Minerva Anestesiol 76 2010 394 403
2. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual mental disorders IV (DSM IV) 4th ed. 1994 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
3. Z.N. Kain, A.A. Caldwell-Andrews, and I. Maranets Preoperative anxiety and emergence delirium and postoperative maladaptive behaviors Anesth Analg 99 2004 1648 1654
4. C. Lepousé, C.A. Lautner, L. Liu, P. Gomis, and A. Leon Emergence delirium in adults in the post-anaesthesia care unit Br J Anaesth 96 2006 747 753
5. S.T. O'Keeffe, and A. Ni Chonchubhair Postoperative delirium in the elderly Br J Anaesth 73 1994 673 687
6. L.A. Fleisher, J.A. Beckman, K.A. Brown American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery) American Society of Echocardiography American Society of Nuclear Cardiology Heart Rhythm Society Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology Society for Vascular Surgery ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery): developed in collaboration with the American Society of Echocardiography, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Rhythm Society, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, and Society for Vascular Surgery Circulation 116 2007 e418 e499
7. R. Wengritzky, T. Mettho, P.S. Myles, J. Burke, and A. Kakos Development and validation of a postoperative nausea and vomiting intensity scale Br J Anaesth 104 2010 158 166
8. J.D. Gaudreau, P. Gagnon, F. Harel, A. Tremblay, and M.A. Roy Fast, systematic, and continuous delirium assessment in hospitalized patients: the nursing delirium screening scale J Pain Symptom Manage 29 2005 368 375
9. G.S. Murphy, J.W. Szokol, J.H. Marymont, S.B. Greenberg, M.J. Avram, and J.S. Vender Residual neuromuscular blockade and critical respiratory events in the postanesthesia care unit Anesth Analg 107 2008 130 137
10. C.N. Sessler, M.S. Gosnell, and M.J. Grap The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale: validity and reliability in adult intensive care unit patients Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166 2002 1338 1344
11. R.R. Riker, G.L. Fraser, L.E. Simmons, and M.L. Wilkins Validating the Sedation-Agitation Scale with the Bispectral Index and Visual Analog Scale in adult ICU patients after cardiac surgery Intensive Care Med 27 2001 853 858
12. K.M. Brandl, K.A. Langley, R.R. Riker, L.A. Dork, C.R. Quails, and H. Levy Confirming the reliability of the sedation-agitation scale administered by ICU nurses without experience in its use Pharmacotherapy 21 2001 431 436
13. J.E. Eckenhoff, D.H. Kneale, and R.D. Dripps The incidence and etiology of postanesthetic excitment. A clinical survey Anesthesiology 22 1961 667 673
14. A. Smessaert, C.A. Schehr, and J.F. Artusio Jr. Observations in the immediate postanaesthesia period. II. Mode of recovery Br J Anaesth 32 1960 181 185
15. D.K. Rose Recovery room problems or problems in the PACU Can J Anaesth 43 5 Pt 2 1996 R116 R128
16. American Society of Anesthesiologists Committee Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Committee on Standards and Practice Parameters Anesthesiology 114 2011 495 511
17. M. Brady, S. Kinn, and P. Stuart Preoperative fasting for adults to prevent perioperative complications Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 2003 CD004423
18. C. Baillard, G. Gehan, J. Reboul-Marty, P. Larmignat, C.M. Samama, and M. Cupa Residual curarization in the recovery room after vecuronium Br J Anaesth 84 2000 394 395
19. G. Cammu, J. De Witte, and J. De Veylder Postoperative residual paralysis in outpatients versus inpatients Anesth Analg 102 2006 426 429
20. G.S. Murphy, and S.J. Brull Residual neuromuscular block: lessons unlearned. Part I: definitions, incidence, and adverse physiologic effects of residual neuromuscular block Anesth Analg 111 2010 120 128
21. M. Eikermann, H. Groeben, J. Hüsing, and J. Peters Accelerometry of adductor pollicis muscle predicts recovery of respiratory function from neuromuscular blockade Anesthesiology 98 2003 1333 1337
22. E. Sundman, H. Witt, R. Olsson, O. Ekberg, R. Kuylenstierna, and L.I. Eriksson The incidence and mechanisms of pharyngeal and upper esophageal dysfunction in partially paralyzed humans: pharyngeal videoradiography and simultaneous manometry after atracurium Anesthesiology 92 2000 977 984
23. L.I. Eriksson, M. Sato, and J.W. Severinghaus Effect of a vecuronium-induced partial neuromuscular block on hypoxic ventilatory response Anesthesiology 78 1993 693 699
24. B. Ecoffey Recovery and outcome after minor pediatric surgery Minerva Anestesiol 68 2002 392 395
25. P.J. Davis, J.A. Greenberg, M. Gendelman, and K. Fertal Recovery characteristics of sevoflurane and halothane in preschool-aged children undergoing bilateral myringotomy and pressure equalization tube insertion Anesth Analg 88 1999 34 38