Fearless dominance mediates the relationship between the facial width-to-height ratio and willingness to cheat

Personality and Individual Differences

Volumn 57, Issue , 2014, Pages 59-64

  Geniole, Shawn N ^a   Keyes, Amanda E ^a   Carré, Justin M ^b   McCormick, Cheryl M ^a  

^a BROCK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Aggression; Antisocial behaviour; Cheating; Dominance; Facial width to height ratio; Psychopathy; Sex differences; Trustworthiness

Indexed keywords

EID: 84886259895     PISSN: 01918869     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.09.023     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Alrajih, S., & Ward, J. (2013). Increased facial width-to-height ratio and perceived dominance in the faces of the UK's leading business leaders. British Journal of Psychology. doi:10.1111/bjop.12035 [in press].
2. Anderson C., Galinsky A.D. Power, optimism, and risk-taking. European Journal of Social Psychology 2006, 36:511-536.
3. Archer J. Testosterone and human aggression: An evaluation of the challenge hypothesis. Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews 2006, 30:319-345.
4. Archer J. Does sexual selection explain human sex differences in aggression?. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 2009, 32:249-266.
5. Benning S.D., Patrick C.J., Hicks B.M., Blonigen D.M., Krueger R.F. Factor structure of the psychopathic personality inventory: Validity and implications for clinical assessment. Psychological Assessment 2003, 15:340-350.
6. Birkley E.L., Giancola P.R., Lance C.E. Psychopathy and the prediction of alcohol-related physical aggression: The roles of impulsive antisociality and fearless dominance. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2012, 128:58-63.
7. Blakemore S. Imaging brain development: The adolescent brain. NeuroImage 2012, 61:397-406.
8. Boshyan, J., Zebrowitz, L. A., Franklin, R. G., McCormick, C. M., & Carré, J. M. (2013). Age similarities in recognizing threat from faces and diagnostic cues. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbt054 [in press].
9. Carré J.M., McCormick C.M. In your face: Facial metrics predict aggressive behaviour in the laboratory and in varsity and professional hockey players. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 2008, 275:2651-2656.
10. Carré J.M., McCormick C.M., Mondloch C.J. Facial structure is a reliable cue of aggressive behavior. Psychological Science 2009, 20:1194-1198.
11. Carré J.M., Morrissey M.D., Mondloch C.J., McCormick C.M. Estimating aggression from emotionally neutral faces: Which facial cues are diagnostic?. Perception 2010, 39:356-377.
12. Carré J.M., Murphy K.R., Hariri A.R. What lies beneath the face of aggression?. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 2013, 8:224-229.
13. Christiansen K., Winkler E. Hormonal, anthropometrical, and behavioral correlates of physical aggression in !Kung San men of Namibia. Aggressive Behavior 1992, 18:271-280.
14. Coccaro E.F., Sripada C.S., Yanowitch R.N., Phan K.L. Corticolimbic function in impulsive aggressive behavior. Biological Psychiatry 2011, 69:1153-1159.
15. DeAndrea D.C., Carpenter C., Shulman H., Levine T.R. The relationship between cheating behavior and sensation-seeking. Personality and Individual Differences 2009, 47:944-947.
16. Deaner R.O., Goetz S.M.M., Shattuck K., Schnotala T. Body weight, not facial width-to-height ratio, predicts aggression in pro hockey players. Journal of Research in Personality 2012, 46:235-238.
17. Denson T.F., White A.J., Warburton W.A. Trait displaced aggression and psychopathy differentially moderate the effects of acute alcohol intoxication and rumination on triggered displaced aggression. Journal of Research in Personality 2009, 43:673-681.
18. Dolan M., Völlm B. Antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy in women: A literature review on the reliability and validity of assessment instruments. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 2009, 32:2-9.
19. Efferson C., Vogt S. Viewing men's faces does not lead to accurate predictions of trustworthiness. Scientific Reports 2013, 3:1047.
20. Geniole, S.N., Busseri, M.A., & McCormick, C.M. (in press). Testosterone dynamics and psychopathic personality traits independently predict antagonistic behavior towards the perceived loser of a competitive interaction. Hormones and Behavior.
21. Geniole S.N., Keyes A.E., Mondloch C.J., Carré J.M., McCormick C.M. Facing aggression: Cues differ for female versus male faces. PLoS One 2012, 7:e30366.
22. Goetz, S. M. M., Shattuck, K. S., Miller, R. M., Campbell, J. A., Lozoya, E., Weisfeld, G. E., & Carré, J. M. (2013). Social status moderates the relationship between facial structure and aggression. Psychological Science [in press].
23. Gómez-Valdés J., Hünemeier T., Quinto-Sánchez M., Paschetta C., de Azevedo S., González M.F., et al. Lack of support for the association between facial shape and aggression: A reappraisal based on a worldwide population genetics perspective. PLoS One 2013, 8:e52317.
24. Hall J.R., Benning S.D. The "successful" psychopath: Adaptive and subclinical manifestations of psychopathy in the general population. Handbook of psychopathy 2006, 459-480. The Guilford Press, New York. C.J. Patrick (Ed.).
25. Haselhuhn M.P., Wong E.M. Bad to the bone: Facial structure predicts unethical behaviour. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 2012, 279:571-576.
26. Hehman E., Leitner J.B., Deegan M.P., Gaertner S.L. Facial structure is indicative of explicit support for prejudicial beliefs. Psychological Science 2013, 24:289-296.
27. Hehman E., Leitner J.B., Gaertner S.L. Enhancing static facial features increases intimidation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2013, 49:747-754.
28. Kleisner K., Priplatova L., Frost P., Flegr J. Trustworthy-looking face meets brown eyes. PLoS One 2013, 8:e53285.
29. Lefevre C.E., Lewis G.J., Perrett D.I., Penke L. Telling facial metrics: Facial width is associated with testosterone levels in men. Evolution and Human Behavior 2013, 34:273-279.
30. Leistico A.R., Salekin R.T., DeCoster J., Rogers R. A large-scale meta-analysis relating the Hare measures of psychopathy to antisocial conduct. Law and Human Behavior 2008, 32:28-45.
31. Lewis G.J., Lefevre C.E., Bates T.C. Facial width-to-height ratio predicts achievement drive in US presidents. Personality and Individual Differences 2012, 52:855-857.
32. Lilienfeld S.O., Widows M.R. Psychopathic personality inventory - Revised: Professional manual 2005, Psychological Assessment Resources, Lutz, FL.
33. Loehr J., O'Hara R.B. Facial morphology predicts male fitness and rank but not survival in Second World War Finnish soldiers. Biology Letters 2013, 9:20130049.
34. Marcus D.K., Fulton J.J., Edens J.F. The two-factor model of psychopathic personality: Evidence from the psychopathic personality inventory. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment 2012, 3:140-154.
35. Marečková K., Weinbrand Z., Chakravarty M.M., Lawrence C., Aleong R., Leonard G., et al. Testosterone-mediated sex differences in the face shape during adolescence: Subjective impressions and objective features. Hormones and Behavior 2011, 60:681-690.
36. Mehta P.H., Josephs R.A. Testosterone and cortisol jointly regulate dominance: Evidence for a dual-hormone hypothesis. Hormones and Behavior 2010, 58:898-906.
37. Miller J.D., Lynam D.R. Psychopathy and the five-factor model of personality: A replication and extension. Journal of Personality Assessment 2003, 81:168-178.
38. Penton-Voak I.S., Chen J.Y. High salivary testosterone is linked to masculine male facial appearance in humans. Evolution and Human Behavior 2004, 25:229-241.
39. Pound N., Penton-Voak I.S., Surridge A.K. Testosterone responses to competition in men are related to facial masculinity. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 2009, 276:153-159.
40. Poythress N.G., Hall J.R. Psychopathy and impulsivity reconsidered. Aggression and Violent Behavior 2011, 16:120-134.
41. Preacher K.J., Hayes A.F. Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods 2008, 40:879-891.
42. Reidy D.E., Shelley-Tremblay J.F., Lilienfeld S.O. Psychopathy, reactive aggression, and precarious proclamations: A review of behavioral, cognitive, and biological research. Aggression and Violent Behavior 2011, 16:512-524.
43. Rilling J.K., Glenn A.L., Jairam M.R., Pagnoni G., Goldsmith D.R., Elfenbein H.A., et al. Neural correlates of social cooperation and non-cooperation as a function of psychopathy. Biological Psychiatry 2007, 61:1260-1271.
44. Short L.A., Mondloch C.J., McCormick C.M., Carré J.M., Ma R., Fu G., et al. Detection of propensity for aggression based on facial structure irrespective of face race. Evolution and Human Behavior 2012, 33:121-129.
45. Stirrat M., Perrett D.I. Valid facial cues to cooperation and trust. Psychological Science 2010, 21:349-354.
46. Stirrat M., Perrett D.I. Face structure predicts cooperation. Psychological Science 2012, 23:718-722.
47. Swaddle J.P., Reierson G.W. Testosterone increases perceived dominance but not attractiveness in human males. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 2002, 269:2285-2289.
48. Tsujimura H., Banissy M.J. Human face structure correlates with professional baseball performance: Insights from professional Japanese baseball players. Biology Letters 2013, 9:20130140.
49. Verdonck A., Gaethofs M., Carels C., de Zegher F. Effect of low-dose testosterone treatment on craniofacial growth in boys with delayed puberty. European Journal of Orthodontics 1999, 21:137-143.
50. Warren G.C., Clarbour J. Relationship between psychopathy and indirect aggression use in a noncriminal population. Aggressive Behavior 2009, 35:408-421. 10.1002/ab.20317.
51. Weston E.M., Friday A.E., Liò P. Biometric evidence that sexual selection has shaped the hominin face. PLoS One 2007, 2:e710.
52. Williams K.M., Nathanson C., Paulhus D.L. Identifying and profiling scholastic cheaters: Their personality, cognitive ability, and motivation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 2010, 16:293-307.
53. Wong E.M., Ormiston M.E., Haselhuhn M.P. A face only an investor could love: CEOs' facial structure predicts their firms' financial performance. Psychological Science 2011, 22:1478-1483.