메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 81-100

Effects of Environment on Metabolism

Author keywords

Animal productivity, a burden; Dairy, heat stress and loss; Environmental effect on metabolism; Heat stress, negative impacts; Heat induced metabolic shifts; Heat stressed animal; Metabolic adaptations; Milk synthesis, in thermal stress; NEBAL induced hypoglycemia; Post absorptive changes

Indexed keywords


EID: 84885965655     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781119949091.ch6     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (16)

References (141)
  • 1
    • 0027674294 scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic insulin secretory response and insulin action in heat-exposed sheep given a concentrate or roughage diet
    • Achmadi, J, T Yanagisawa, H Sano, and Y Terashima. 1993. Pancreatic insulin secretory response and insulin action in heat-exposed sheep given a concentrate or roughage diet. Dom Anim Endo. 10:279-287.
    • (1993) Dom Anim Endo , vol.10 , pp. 279-287
    • Achmadi, J.1    Yanagisawa, T.2    Sano, H.3    Terashima, Y.4
  • 3
    • 0015046942 scopus 로고
    • Energy balance during heat stress in sheep
    • Ames, DR, JE Nellor, and T Adams. 1971. Energy balance during heat stress in sheep. J Anim Sci. 32:784-788.
    • (1971) J Anim Sci , vol.32 , pp. 784-788
    • Ames, D.R.1    Nellor, J.E.2    Adams, T.3
  • 4
    • 0035146133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on glucose kinetics during exercise in the heat
    • Angus, DJ, MA Febbraio, D Lasini, and M Hargreaves. 2001. Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on glucose kinetics during exercise in the heat. J Appl Physiol. 90:601-605.
    • (2001) J Appl Physiol , vol.90 , pp. 601-605
    • Angus, D.J.1    Febbraio, M.A.2    Lasini, D.3    Hargreaves, M.4
  • 6
    • 0028472141 scopus 로고
    • Heat stress interaction with shade and cooling
    • Armstrong, DV. 1994. Heat stress interaction with shade and cooling. J Dairy Sci. 77:2044-2050.
    • (1994) J Dairy Sci , vol.77 , pp. 2044-2050
    • Armstrong, D.V.1
  • 8
    • 0019282068 scopus 로고
    • Manipulating metabolic parameters to improve growth rate and milk secretion
    • Baldwin, RL, NE Smith, J Taylor, and M Sharp. 1980. Manipulating metabolic parameters to improve growth rate and milk secretion. J Anim Sci. 51:1416-1428.
    • (1980) J Anim Sci , vol.51 , pp. 1416-1428
    • Baldwin, R.L.1    Smith, N.E.2    Taylor, J.3    Sharp, M.4
  • 10
    • 0019062596 scopus 로고
    • Partitioning of nutrients during pregnancy and lactation: a review of mechanisms involving homeostasis and homeorhesis
    • Bauman, DE, and W B Currie. 1980. Partitioning of nutrients during pregnancy and lactation: a review of mechanisms involving homeostasis and homeorhesis. J Dairy Sci. 63:1514-1529.
    • (1980) J Dairy Sci , vol.63 , pp. 1514-1529
    • Bauman, D.E.W.1    Currie, B.2
  • 11
    • 0023729437 scopus 로고
    • Effect of bovine somatotropin on metabolism of lactating dairy cows: influence on rates of irreversible loss and oxidation of glucose and nonesterified fatty acids
    • Bauman, DE, CJ Peel, WD Steinhour, PJ Reynolds, HF Tyrrell, C Brown, and GL Haaland. 1988. Effect of bovine somatotropin on metabolism of lactating dairy cows: influence on rates of irreversible loss and oxidation of glucose and nonesterified fatty acids. J Nutr. 118:1031-1040.
    • (1988) J Nutr , vol.118 , pp. 1031-1040
    • Bauman, D.E.1    Peel, C.J.2    Steinhour, W.D.3    Reynolds, P.J.4    Tyrrell, H.F.5    Brown, C.6    Haaland, G.L.7
  • 12
    • 0027213557 scopus 로고
    • Effects of exogenous bovine somatotropin on lactation
    • Bauman, DE, and RG Vernon. 1993. Effects of exogenous bovine somatotropin on lactation. Ann Rev Nutr. 13:437-461.
    • (1993) Ann Rev Nutr , vol.13 , pp. 437-461
    • Bauman, D.E.1    Vernon, R.G.2
  • 13
    • 77953056014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of hyperthermia on nutrient partitioning
    • Baumgard, LH, and RP Rhoads. 2007. The effects of hyperthermia on nutrient partitioning. Proc Cornell Nutr Conf. p.93-104.
    • (2007) Proc Cornell Nutr Conf , pp. 93-104
    • Baumgard, L.H.1    Rhoads, R.P.2
  • 14
    • 0030124306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic heat exposure enhances fat deposition and modifies muscle and fat partition in broiler carcasses
    • Baziz, HA, PA Geraert, JCF Padilha, and S Guillaumin. 1996. Chronic heat exposure enhances fat deposition and modifies muscle and fat partition in broiler carcasses. Poult Sci. 75:505-513.
    • (1996) Poult Sci , vol.75 , pp. 505-513
    • Baziz, H.A.1    Geraert, P.A.2    Padilha, J.C.F.3    Guillaumin, S.4
  • 15
    • 0000103720 scopus 로고
    • Potential nutritional strategies for intensively managed cattle during thermal stress
    • Beede, DK, and RJ Collier. 1986. Potential nutritional strategies for intensively managed cattle during thermal stress. J Anim Sci. 62:543-554.
    • (1986) J Anim Sci , vol.62 , pp. 543-554
    • Beede, D.K.1    Collier, R.J.2
  • 16
    • 0029363378 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation
    • Bell, AW. 1995. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. J Anim Sci. 73:2804-2819.
    • (1995) J Anim Sci , vol.73 , pp. 2804-2819
    • Bell, A.W.1
  • 18
    • 1542544389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of body surface area estimates on predicted energy requirements and heat stress
    • Berman, A. 2003. Effects of body surface area estimates on predicted energy requirements and heat stress. J Dairy Sci. 86:3605-3610.
    • (2003) J Dairy Sci , vol.86 , pp. 3605-3610
    • Berman, A.1
  • 19
    • 3142577527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue and external insulation estimates and their effects on prediction of energy requirements and of heat stress
    • Berman, A. 2004. Tissue and external insulation estimates and their effects on prediction of energy requirements and of heat stress. J Dairy Sci. 87:1400-1412.
    • (2004) J Dairy Sci , vol.87 , pp. 1400-1412
    • Berman, A.1
  • 20
    • 33646047434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimates of heat stress relief needs for Holstein dairy cows
    • Berman, A. 2005. Estimates of heat stress relief needs for Holstein dairy cows. J Anim Sci. 83:1377-1384.
    • (2005) J Anim Sci , vol.83 , pp. 1377-1384
    • Berman, A.1
  • 22
    • 0347933305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the hot season on milk protein fractions in Holstein cows
    • Bernabucci U, N Lacetera, B Ronchi, and A Nardone. 2002. Effects of the hot season on milk protein fractions in Holstein cows. Anim Res. 51:25-33.
    • (2002) Anim Res , vol.51 , pp. 25-33
    • Bernabucci, U.1    Lacetera, N.2    Ronchi, B.3    Nardone, A.4
  • 24
    • 79960180989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chapter 7 Modeling of Animal Bioenergetics for Environmental Management Applications
    • St. Joseph, MI: ASABE
    • Bridges, TC, and RS Gates. 2009. Chapter 7: Modeling of Animal Bioenergetics for Environmental Management Applications. In: Livestock Energetics and Thermal Environmental Management. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE.
    • (2009) Livestock Energetics and Thermal Environmental Management
    • Bridges, T.C.1    Gates, R.S.2
  • 25
    • 0032117539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic evaluation of misting-cooling systems for growing/finishing swine through modelling
    • Bridges, TC, LWTurner, and RS Gates. 1998. Economic evaluation of misting-cooling systems for growing/finishing swine through modelling. Appl Eng Agricul. 14:425-430.
    • (1998) Appl Eng Agricul , vol.14 , pp. 425-430
    • Bridges, T.C.1    Turner, L.W.2    Gates, R.S.3
  • 28
    • 0024200515 scopus 로고
    • The effect of tropical ambient temperature on growth and metabolism in pigs
    • Christon, R. 1988. The effect of tropical ambient temperature on growth and metabolism in pigs. J Anim Sci. 66:3112-3123.
    • (1988) J Anim Sci , vol.66 , pp. 3112-3123
    • Christon, R.1
  • 29
    • 84972003551 scopus 로고
    • The influence of environmental temperature and plane of nutrition on heat losses from groups of growing pigs
    • Close, WH, LE Mount, and IB Start. 1971. The influence of environmental temperature and plane of nutrition on heat losses from groups of growing pigs. Anim Prod. 13:285-294.
    • (1971) Anim Prod , vol.13 , pp. 285-294
    • Close, W.H.1    Mount, L.E.2    Start, I.B.3
  • 30
    • 0019495040 scopus 로고
    • Epinephrine plasma thresholds for lipolytic effects in man: measurements of fatty acid transport with [1-13C] palmitic acid
    • Clutter, AD, WE Clutter, PE Cryer, JA Collins, and DM Bier. 1981. Epinephrine plasma thresholds for lipolytic effects in man: measurements of fatty acid transport with [1-13C] palmitic acid. J Clin. Invest.67:1729-1738.
    • (1981) J Clin. Invest. 67 , pp. 1729-1738
    • Clutter, A.D.1    Clutter, W.E.2    Cryer, P.E.3    Collins, J.A.4    Bier, D.M.5
  • 31
    • 27644543285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological Limitations, Nutrient Partitioning
    • Proceedings: 61st Easter School. Nottingham, England. J Wiseman and R Bradley, eds. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, U.K
    • Collier, RJ, LH Baumgard, AL Lock, and DE Bauman. 2005. Physiological Limitations, Nutrient Partitioning. In: Yields of farmed Species: Constraints and opportunities in the 21st Century. Proceedings: 61st Easter School. Nottingham, England. J Wiseman and R Bradley, eds. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, U.K. p.351-377.
    • (2005) Yields of farmed Species: Constraints and opportunities in the 21st Century , pp. 351-377
    • Collier, R.J.1    Baumgard, L.H.2    Lock, A.L.3    Bauman, D.E.4
  • 33
    • 0035407371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of high temperature and feeding level on energy utilization in piglets
    • Collin, A, J Van Milgan, S Dubois, and J Noblet. 2001. Effect of high temperature and feeding level on energy utilization in piglets. J Anim Sci. 79:1849-1857.
    • (2001) J Anim Sci , vol.79 , pp. 1849-1857
    • Collin, A.1    Van Milgan, J.2    Dubois, S.3    Noblet, J.4
  • 34
    • 0018823158 scopus 로고
    • Effect of palmitate on hepatic biosynthetic functions at hyperthermic temperatures
    • Collins, FG, FA Matros, and JL Skibba. 1980. Effect of palmitate on hepatic biosynthetic functions at hyperthermic temperatures. Metabolism. 29:524-531.
    • (1980) Metabolism , vol.29 , pp. 524-531
    • Collins, F.G.1    Matros, F.A.2    Skibba, J.L.3
  • 35
    • 35748985254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of heat stress and lameness on time budgets of lactating dairy cows
    • Cook, NB, RL Mentink, TB Bennett, and K Burgi. 2007. The effect of heat stress and lameness on time budgets of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 90:1674-1682.
    • (2007) J Dairy Sci , vol.90 , pp. 1674-1682
    • Cook, N.B.1    Mentink, R.L.2    Bennett, T.B.3    Burgi, K.4
  • 36
    • 84886055562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a hyperinsulemic euglycemic clamp administered during heat stress or pair feeding on plasma ghrelin concentrations of lactating dairy cattle
    • Cossel, SE, ME Field, MV Skrzypek, SR Sanders, PB Hoyer, RP Rhoads, LH Baumgard, and ML Rhoads. 2010. Effects of a hyperinsulemic euglycemic clamp administered during heat stress or pair feeding on plasma ghrelin concentrations of lactating dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 93.E-Suppl. 1:868.
    • (2010) J Dairy Sci , vol.93 , Issue.E SUPPL 1 , pp. 868
    • Cossel, S.E.1    Field, M.E.2    Skrzypek, M.V.3    Sanders, S.R.4    Hoyer, P.B.5    Rhoads, R.P.6    Baumgard, L.H.7    Rhoads, M.L.8
  • 39
    • 0025160760 scopus 로고
    • Non-esterified fatty acid and glycerol kinetics and fatty acid re-esterification in goats during early lactation
    • Dunshea, FR, AW Bell, and TE Trigg. 1990. Non-esterified fatty acid and glycerol kinetics and fatty acid re-esterification in goats during early lactation. Br J Nutr. 64:133-145.
    • (1990) Br J Nutr , vol.64 , pp. 133-145
    • Dunshea, F.R.1    Bell, A.W.2    Trigg, T.E.3
  • 40
    • 0035137017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in energy metabolism during exercise and heat stress
    • Febbraio, MA. 2001. Alterations in energy metabolism during exercise and heat stress. Sports Med. 31:47-59.
    • (2001) Sports Med , vol.31 , pp. 47-59
    • Febbraio, M.A.1
  • 42
    • 0032196767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accounting for the effects of environment on the nutrient requirements of dairy cattle
    • Fox, DG, and TP Tylutki. 1998. Accounting for the effects of environment on the nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 81:3085-3089.
    • (1998) J Dairy Sci , vol.81 , pp. 3085-3089
    • Fox, D.G.1    Tylutki, T.P.2
  • 43
    • 0019408314 scopus 로고
    • Heat stress as it affects animal production
    • Fuquay, JW. 1981. Heat stress as it affects animal production. J Anim Sci. 52:164-174.
    • (1981) J Anim Sci , vol.52 , pp. 164-174
    • Fuquay, J.W.1
  • 45
    • 0029915752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and endocrine changes induced by chronic heat exposure in broiler chickens: growth performance, body composition and energy retention
    • Geraert PA, JC Padilha, and S Guillaumin. 1996. Metabolic and endocrine changes induced by chronic heat exposure in broiler chickens: growth performance, body composition and energy retention. Br J Nutr. 75:195-204.
    • (1996) Br J Nutr , vol.75 , pp. 195-204
    • Geraert, P.A.1    Padilha, J.C.2    Guillaumin, S.3
  • 46
    • 62749130586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat treatment improves glucose tolerance and prevents skeletal muscle insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet
    • Gupte, AA, GL Bomhoff, RH Swerdlow, and PC Geigerl. 2009. Heat treatment improves glucose tolerance and prevents skeletal muscle insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet. Diabetes. 58:567-578.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 567-578
    • Gupte, A.A.1    Bomhoff, G.L.2    Swerdlow, R.H.3    Geigerl, P.C.4
  • 47
    • 0015731636 scopus 로고
    • Effects of heat stress on blood flow in respiratory and non-respiratory muscles in the sheep
    • Hales, JRS. 1973. Effects of heat stress on blood flow in respiratory and non-respiratory muscles in the sheep. Pfl̈ugers Arch. 345:123-130.
    • (1973) Pfl̈ugers Arch , vol.345 , pp. 123-130
    • Hales, J.R.S.1
  • 50
    • 0020992425 scopus 로고
    • The effects of rearing-temperature on body composition in young pigs
    • Heath, ME. 1983. The effects of rearing-temperature on body composition in young pigs. Comp Biochem Physiol. 76:363-366.
    • (1983) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.76 , pp. 363-366
    • Heath, M.E.1
  • 51
    • 0024393134 scopus 로고
    • Effects of rearing temperature and level of food intake on organ size and tissue composition in piglets
    • Heath, ME. 1989. Effects of rearing temperature and level of food intake on organ size and tissue composition in piglets. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 67:526-532
    • (1989) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.67 , pp. 526-532
    • Heath, M.E.1
  • 52
    • 0042146620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of heat stress in dairy cattle
    • Philips, CJC, editor. CAB Int. Oxon., UF
    • Huber, JT. 1996. Amelioration of heat stress in dairy cattle. In: Philips, CJC, editor. Progress in Dairy Science. CAB Int. Oxon., UF. p.211-243.
    • (1996) Progress in Dairy Science , pp. 211-243
    • Huber, J.T.1
  • 54
    • 0024080444 scopus 로고
    • Effect of season on milk temperature, milk growth hormone, prolactin, and somatic cell counts of lactating cattle
    • Igono, MO, HD Johnson, BJ Steevens,WA Hainen, and MD Shanklin. 1988. Effect of season on milk temperature, milk growth hormone, prolactin, and somatic cell counts of lactating cattle. Int J Biometeorol. 32:194-200.
    • (1988) Int J Biometeorol , vol.32 , pp. 194-200
    • Igono, M.O.1    Johnson, H.D.2    Steevens, B.J.3    Hainen, W.A.4    Shanklin, M.D.5
  • 55
    • 18244384957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reorganization of ZO-1 by sodium-dependent glucose transporter activation after heat stress in LLC-PK1 cells
    • Ikari, A, M Nakano, Y Suketa, H Harada, and K Takagi. 2005. Reorganization of ZO-1 by sodium-dependent glucose transporter activation after heat stress in LLC-PK1 cells. J Cell Physiol. 203:471-478.
    • (2005) J Cell Physiol , vol.203 , pp. 471-478
    • Ikari, A.1    Nakano, M.2    Suketa, Y.3    Harada, H.4    Takagi, K.5
  • 56
    • 58149479950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: AR4), University College, London
    • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: AR4), 2007. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 4th Assessment Report, www.ipcc.ch/ Jackson Institute, University College, London.
    • (2007) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 4th Assessment Report
  • 57
    • 0032135275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin and glucagon secretion in lactating cows during heat exposure
    • Itoh, F, Y Obara, MT Rose, H Fuse, and H Hashimoto. 1998. Insulin and glucagon secretion in lactating cows during heat exposure. J Anim Sci. 76:2182-2189.
    • (1998) J Anim Sci , vol.76 , pp. 2182-2189
    • Itoh, F.1    Obara, Y.2    Rose, M.T.3    Fuse, H.4    Hashimoto, H.5
  • 59
    • 0036095869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat stress increases muscle glycogen use but reduces the oxidation of ingested carbohydrates during exercise
    • Jentjens, RLPG, AJMWagenmakers, and AE Jeukendrup. 2002. Heat stress increases muscle glycogen use but reduces the oxidation of ingested carbohydrates during exercise. J Appl Physiol. 92:1562-1572.
    • (2002) J Appl Physiol , vol.92 , pp. 1562-1572
    • Jentjens, R.L.P.G.1    Agenmakers, A.J.M.W.2    Jeukendrup, A.E.3
  • 61
    • 77949285916 scopus 로고
    • Effect of heat on regulation of body fluids and electrolytes in dogs
    • Kanter, GS. 1954. Effect of heat on regulation of body fluids and electrolytes in dogs. Am J Physiol. 178:259-262.
    • (1954) Am J Physiol , vol.178 , pp. 259-262
    • Kanter, G.S.1
  • 62
    • 0025608534 scopus 로고
    • Influence of a high ambient temperature and administration of clenbuterol on body composition in rats
    • Katsumata, M, H Yano, N Ishida, and A Miyazaki. 1990. Influence of a high ambient temperature and administration of clenbuterol on body composition in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 36:569-578.
    • (1990) J Nutr Sci Vitaminol , vol.36 , pp. 569-578
    • Katsumata, M.1    Yano, H.2    Ishida, N.3    Miyazaki, A.4
  • 64
    • 0033540056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach
    • Kojima, M, H Hosoda, Y Date, M Nakazato, H Matsuo, and K Kangawa. 1999. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature. 402:656-660.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , pp. 656-660
    • Kojima, M.1    Hosoda, H.2    Date, Y.3    Nakazato, M.4    Matsuo, H.5    Kangawa, K.6
  • 67
    • 33749354422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin induces myocardial protection and HSP70 localization to plasma membranes in rat hearts
    • Li, G, I Ali, and RW Currie. 2006. Insulin induces myocardial protection and HSP70 localization to plasma membranes in rat hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H1709-H1721.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.291
    • Li, G.1    Ali, I.2    Currie, R.W.3
  • 68
    • 0019195480 scopus 로고
    • Effects of environmental temperature on heat production, energy retention, protein and fat gain in early weaned piglets
    • Le Dividich, J, M Vermorel, J Noblet, JC Bouvier, and A Aumaitre. 1980. Effects of environmental temperature on heat production, energy retention, protein and fat gain in early weaned piglets. Br J Nutr. 44:313-323.
    • (1980) Br J Nutr , vol.44 , pp. 313-323
    • Le Dividich, J.1    Vermorel, M.2    Noblet, J.3    Bouvier, J.C.4    Aumaitre, A.5
  • 69
    • 77949306706 scopus 로고
    • The action of temperature and humidity on the working power of muscles and on the sugar of the blood
    • Lee, FS, and EL Scott. 1916. The action of temperature and humidity on the working power of muscles and on the sugar of the blood. Am J Phys. 40:486-501.
    • (1916) Am J Phys , vol.40 , pp. 486-501
    • Lee, F.S.1    Scott, E.L.2
  • 70
    • 34547665724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic heat exposure on fat deposition and meat quality in two genetic types of chicken
    • Lu, Q, J Wen, and H Zhang. 2007. Effect of chronic heat exposure on fat deposition and meat quality in two genetic types of chicken. Poult Sci. 86:1059-1064.
    • (2007) Poult Sci , vol.86 , pp. 1059-1064
    • Lu, Q.1    Wen, J.2    Zhang, H.3
  • 71
    • 53249128950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and extreme heat events
    • Luber, G, and M McGeehin. 2008. Climate change and extreme heat events. Am J Prevent Med. 35:459-467.
    • (2008) Am J Prevent Med , vol.35 , pp. 459-467
    • Luber, G.1    McGeehin, M.2
  • 72
  • 73
    • 64749113151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular thermal therapymay promote insulin sensitivity while boosting expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-effects comparable to those of exercise training
    • McCarty, MF, J Barroso-Aranda, and F Contreras. 2009. Regular thermal therapymay promote insulin sensitivity while boosting expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-effects comparable to those of exercise training. Med Hypothesis. 73:103-105.
    • (2009) Med Hypothesis , vol.73 , pp. 103-105
    • McCarty, M.F.1    Barroso-Aranda, J.2    Contreras, F.3
  • 75
    • 0026161412 scopus 로고
    • Effects of acute thermal stress and amount of feed intake on concentrations of somatotropin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II, and thyroid hormones in plasma of lactating Holstein cows
    • McGuire, MA, DK Beede, RJ Collier, FC Buonomo, MA DeLorenzo, CJ Wilcox, GB Huntington, and CK Reynolds. 1991. Effects of acute thermal stress and amount of feed intake on concentrations of somatotropin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II, and thyroid hormones in plasma of lactating Holstein cows. J Anim Sci. 69:2050-2056.
    • (1991) J Anim Sci , vol.69 , pp. 2050-2056
    • McGuire, M.A.1    Beede, D.K.2    Collier, R.J.3    Buonomo, F.C.4    DeLorenzo, M.A.5    Wilcox, C.J.6    Huntington, G.B.7    Reynolds, C.K.8
  • 76
    • 0026536943 scopus 로고
    • Response of somatomedins (IGF-I and IGF-II) in lactating cows to variations in dietary energy and protein and treatment with recombinant n-methionyl bovine somatotropin
    • McGuire, MA, DE Bauman, MA Miller, and GF Hartnell. 1992. Response of somatomedins (IGF-I and IGF-II) in lactating cows to variations in dietary energy and protein and treatment with recombinant n-methionyl bovine somatotropin. J Nutr. 122:128-136.
    • (1992) J Nutr , vol.122 , pp. 128-136
    • McGuire, M.A.1    Bauman, D.E.2    Miller, M.A.3    Hartnell, G.F.4
  • 77
    • 0023550037 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional and endocrinological influences on the composition of animal growth
    • Mersmann, HJ. 1987. Nutritional and endocrinological influences on the composition of animal growth. Prog Food Nutr Sci. 11:175-201.
    • (1987) Prog Food Nutr Sci , vol.11 , pp. 175-201
    • Mersmann, H.J.1
  • 78
    • 27944491543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the acclimation to high environmental temperature on the activity of hepatic glycogen phosphorylase (a+b and a), liver glycogen content and blood glucose level in rats
    • Mitev, S, S Dinevska-Kovkarovska, and B Miova. 2005. Effect of the acclimation to high environmental temperature on the activity of hepatic glycogen phosphorylase (a+b and a), liver glycogen content and blood glucose level in rats. J Therm Biol. 30:563- 568.
    • (2005) J Therm Biol , vol.30 , pp. 563-568
    • Mitev, S.1    Dinevska-Kovkarovska, S.2    Miova, B.3
  • 79
    • 0035464517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shade and water misting effects on behavior, physiology, performance, and carcass traits of heat-stressed feedlot cattle
    • Mitl̈ohner, FM, JL Morrow, JW Dailey, SCWilson, ML Galyean, MF Miller, and JJ McGlone. 2001. Shade and water misting effects on behavior, physiology, performance, and carcass traits of heat-stressed feedlot cattle. J Anim Sci. 79:2327-2335.
    • (2001) J Anim Sci , vol.79 , pp. 2327-2335
    • Mitl̈ohner, F.M.1    Morrow, J.L.2    Dailey, J.W.3    Wilson, S.C.4    Galyean, M.L.5    Miller, M.F.6    McGlone, J.J.7
  • 80
    • 0015318198 scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone response to acute thermal exposure in cattle
    • Mitra, R, and HD Johnson. 1972. Growth hormone response to acute thermal exposure in cattle. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 139:1086-1089.
    • (1972) Proc Soc Exp Biol Med , vol.139 , pp. 1086-1089
    • Mitra, R.1    Johnson, H.D.2
  • 81
    • 0022063821 scopus 로고
    • Effect of growth hormone on milk yields and related physiological functions of Holstein cows exposed to heat stress
    • Mohammed, ME, and HD Johnson. 1985. Effect of growth hormone on milk yields and related physiological functions of Holstein cows exposed to heat stress. J Dairy Sci. 68:1123- 1133.
    • (1985) J Dairy Sci , vol.68 , pp. 1123-1133
    • Mohammed, M.E.1    Johnson, H.D.2
  • 82
    • 20844463605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of supplemental conjugated linoleic acids on heat-stressed brown Swiss and Holstein cows
    • Moore, CE, JK Kay, RJ Collier, MJVanBaale, and LH Baumgard. 2005. Effect of supplemental conjugated linoleic acids on heat-stressed brown Swiss and Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 88:1732-1740.
    • (2005) J Dairy Sci , vol.88 , pp. 1732-1740
    • Moore, C.E.1    Kay, J.K.2    Collier, R.J.3    VanBaale, M.J.4    Baumgard, L.H.5
  • 83
    • 0021009047 scopus 로고
    • Ruminant heat stress: effect on production and means of alleviation
    • Morrison, RS. 1983. Ruminant heat stress: effect on production and means of alleviation. J Anim Sci. 57:1594-1600.
    • (1983) J Anim Sci , vol.57 , pp. 1594-1600
    • Morrison, R.S.1
  • 84
    • 4444246201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin and desacyl ghrelin both inhibit isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in rat adipocytes via a non-type 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor
    • Muccioli, G, N Pons, C Ghe, F Catapano, R Granata, and E Ghigo. 2004. Ghrelin and desacyl ghrelin both inhibit isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in rat adipocytes via a non-type 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Eur J Pharmacol. 498:27-35.
    • (2004) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.498 , pp. 27-35
    • Muccioli, G.1    Pons, N.2    Ghe, C.3    Catapano, F.4    Granata, R.5    Ghigo, E.6
  • 86
    • 84886037178 scopus 로고
    • National Research Council. 6th rev. ed. Nat Acad Press, Washington, D.C
    • National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 6th rev. ed. Nat Acad Press, Washington, D.C.
    • (1989) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle
  • 87
    • 0042698354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of striatal glutamate in heatstroke-induced damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Niu, CS,MTLin, IM Liu, and JT Cheng. 2003. Role of striatal glutamate in heatstroke-induced damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Neurosci Lett. 348:77-80.
    • (2003) Neurosci Lett , vol.348 , pp. 77-80
    • Niu, C.S.1    Lin, M.T.2    Liu, I.M.3    Cheng, J.T.4
  • 90
    • 38949177710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigations of energy metabolism in weanling barrows: The interaction of dietary energy concentration and daily feed (energy) intake
    • Oresanya, TF, AD Beaulieu, and JF Patience. 2008. Investigations of energy metabolism in weanling barrows: The interaction of dietary energy concentration and daily feed (energy) intake. J Anim Sci. 86:348-363.
    • (2008) J Anim Sci , vol.86 , pp. 348-363
    • Oresanya, T.F.1    Beaulieu, A.D.2    Patience, J.F.3
  • 91
    • 84882588985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal effects on sow herds: Industry experience and management strategies
    • Pollman, DS. 2010. Seasonal effects on sow herds: Industry experience and management strategies. J Anim Sci. 88(Suppl. 3):9.
    • (2010) J Anim Sci , vol.88 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 9
    • Pollman, D.S.1
  • 92
    • 0001402090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of high ambient temperature on performance of reproductive sows
    • Prunier, A, M Messias de Braganca, and JL Dividich. 1997. Influence of high ambient temperature on performance of reproductive sows. Liv Prod Sci. 52:123-133.
    • (1997) Liv Prod Sci , vol.52 , pp. 123-133
    • Prunier, A.1    Messias de Braganca, M.2    Dividich, J.L.3
  • 93
    • 72549089486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of heat shock at early growth phase on glucose and calcium regulating axis in broiler chickens
    • Rahimi, G. 2005. Effect of heat shock at early growth phase on glucose and calcium regulating axis in broiler chickens. Int J Poul Sci. 4:790-794.
    • (2005) Int J Poul Sci , vol.4 , pp. 790-794
    • Rahimi, G.1
  • 94
    • 39749171141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of heat stress induced disturbances of antioxidant defense system in chicken by brahma rasayana. eCAM
    • Ramnath, V, PS Rekha, and KS Sujatha. 2008. Amelioration of heat stress induced disturbances of antioxidant defense system in chicken by brahma rasayana. eCAM. 5:77-84.
    • (2008) , vol.5 , pp. 77-84
    • Ramnath, V.1    Rekha, P.S.2    Sujatha, K.S.3
  • 95
    • 0032452225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory interactions between lipids and carbohydrates: The glucose fatty acid cycle after 35 years
    • Randle, PJ. 1998. Regulatory interactions between lipids and carbohydrates: The glucose fatty acid cycle after 35 years. Diabetes Metab Rev. 14:263-283.
    • (1998) Diabetes Metab Rev , vol.14 , pp. 263-283
    • Randle, P.J.1
  • 96
    • 84886073911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional routes to attenuate heat stress in pigs
    • P Rowlinson, M Steele, and A Nefzaoui, editors. Cambridge University Press
    • Renaudeau, D, JL Gourdine, BAN Silva, and J Noblet. 2008. Nutritional routes to attenuate heat stress in pigs. In: P Rowlinson, M Steele, and A Nefzaoui, editors. Livestock and Global Change. Cambridge University Press.
    • (2008) Livestock and Global Change
    • Renaudeau, D.1    Gourdine, J.L.2    Silva, B.A.N.3    Noblet, J.4
  • 97
    • 2442516001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin increases the abundance of the growth hormone receptor in liver and adipose tissue of periparturient dairy cows
    • Rhoads, RP, JW Kim, BJ Leury, LH Baumgard, N Segoale, SJ Frank, DE Bauman, and YR Boisclair. 2004. Insulin increases the abundance of the growth hormone receptor in liver and adipose tissue of periparturient dairy cows. J Nutr. 134:1020-1027.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134 , pp. 1020-1027
    • Rhoads, R.P.1    Kim, J.W.2    Leury, B.J.3    Baumgard, L.H.4    Segoale, N.5    Frank, S.J.6    Bauman, D.E.7    Boisclair, Y.R.8
  • 98
    • 67651183798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows: I. production, metabolism and aspects of circulating somatotropin
    • Rhoads, ML, RP Rhoads, MJ VanBaale, RJ Collier, SR Sanders, WJ Weber, BA Crooker, and LH Baumgard. 2009. Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows: I. production, metabolism and aspects of circulating somatotropin. J Dairy Sci. 92:1986-1997.
    • (2009) J Dairy Sci , vol.92 , pp. 1986-1997
    • Rhoads, M.L.1    Rhoads, R.P.2    VanBaale, M.J.3    Collier, R.J.4    Sanders, S.R.5    Weber, W.J.6    Crooker, B.A.7    Baumgard, L.H.8
  • 100
    • 0004609767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct and common effects of heat stress and restricted feeding on metabolic status of Holstein heifers
    • Ronchi, B, U Bernabucci, N Lacetera, V Supplizi, and A Nardone. 1999. Distinct and common effects of heat stress and restricted feeding on metabolic status of Holstein heifers. Zoot Nutr Anim. 25:11-20.
    • (1999) Zoot Nutr Anim , vol.25 , pp. 11-20
    • Ronchi, B.1    Bernabucci, U.2    Lacetera, N.3    Supplizi, V.4    Nardone, A.5
  • 101
    • 38649088879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular responses to hyperthermia (40-46{ring operator}C): Cell killing and molecular events
    • Roti Roti, JL. 2008. Cellular responses to hyperthermia (40-46{ring operator}C): Cell killing and molecular events. Int J Hyperthermia. 24:3-15.
    • (2008) Int J Hyperthermia , vol.24 , pp. 3-15
    • Roti Roti, J.L.1
  • 102
    • 0028026988 scopus 로고
    • Population-the view from Cairo
    • Roush, W. 1994. Population-the view from Cairo. Science. 265:1164-1167.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 1164-1167
    • Roush, W.1
  • 105
    • 0020739790 scopus 로고
    • Turnover and oxidation rates of blood glucose and heat production in sheep exposed to heat
    • Sano, H, K Takahashi, K Ambo, and T Tsuda. 1983. Turnover and oxidation rates of blood glucose and heat production in sheep exposed to heat. J Dairy Sci. 66:856-861.
    • (1983) J Dairy Sci , vol.66 , pp. 856-861
    • Sano, H.1    Takahashi, K.2    Ambo, K.3    Tsuda, T.4
  • 106
    • 0014156076 scopus 로고
    • The effect of a low-protein diet and a cold environment on calorie intake and body composition in the rat
    • Schmidt P, and EM Widdowson. 1967. The effect of a low-protein diet and a cold environment on calorie intake and body composition in the rat. Br J Nutr. 21:457-465.
    • (1967) Br J Nutr , vol.21 , pp. 457-465
    • Schmidt, P.1    Widdowson, E.M.2
  • 108
    • 35748950115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of thermal status to productivity in heat-stressed dairy cows given recombinant bovine somatotropin
    • Settivari, RS, JNSpain,MREllersieck, JC Byatt, RJ Collier, and DE Spiers. 2007. Relationship of thermal status to productivity in heat-stressed dairy cows given recombinant bovine somatotropin. J Dairy Sci. 90:1265-1280.
    • (2007) J Dairy Sci , vol.90 , pp. 1265-1280
    • Settivari, R.S.1    Spain, J.N.2    Ellersieck, M.R.3    Byatt, J.C.4    Collier, R.J.5    Spiers, D.E.6
  • 109
    • 0015302813 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of urban heat-wave deaths and implications for prevention: Data from New York and St. Louis during July
    • Shuman, SH. 1972. Patterns of urban heat-wave deaths and implications for prevention: Data from New York and St. Louis during July, 1966. Environ. Res. 5:59-75.
    • (1972) 1966. Environ. Res. , vol.5 , pp. 59-75
    • Shuman, S.H.1
  • 110
    • 61449159855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a supplemental yeast culture on heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows
    • Shwartz, G, ML Rhoads, MJ VanBaale, RP Rhoads, and LH Baumgard. 2009. Effects of a supplemental yeast culture on heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 92:935-942.
    • (2009) J Dairy Sci , vol.92 , pp. 935-942
    • Shwartz, G.1    Rhoads, M.L.2    VanBaale, M.J.3    Rhoads, R.P.4    Baumgard, L.H.5
  • 111
    • 0033676230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants
    • Silanikove, N. 2000. Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants. Livestock Prod Sci. 67:1-18.
    • (2000) Livestock Prod Sci , vol.67 , pp. 1-18
    • Silanikove, N.1
  • 112
    • 68349124976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute heat stress brings down milk secretion in dairy cows by up-regulating the activity of the milk-borne negative feedback regulatory system
    • Silanikove, N, F Shapiro, and D Shinder. 2009. Acute heat stress brings down milk secretion in dairy cows by up-regulating the activity of the milk-borne negative feedback regulatory system. BMC Physiol. 9:13-22.
    • (2009) BMC Physiol , vol.9 , pp. 13-22
    • Silanikove, N.1    Shapiro, F.2    Shinder, D.3
  • 113
    • 4744338322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of physiological parameters to predict milk yield and feed intake in heat-stressed dairy cows
    • Spiers, DE, JN Spain, JD Sampson, and RP Rhoads. 2004. Use of physiological parameters to predict milk yield and feed intake in heat-stressed dairy cows. J Therm Biol. 29:759-764.
    • (2004) J Therm Biol , vol.29 , pp. 759-764
    • Spiers, D.E.1    Spain, J.N.2    Sampson, J.D.3    Rhoads, R.P.4
  • 114
    • 2442503238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic losses from heat stress by US livestock industries
    • St. Pierre, NR, B Cobanov, and G Schnitkey. 2003. Economic losses from heat stress by US livestock industries. J Dairy Sci. 86:E52-E77.
    • (2003) J Dairy Sci , vol.86
    • St Pierre, N.R.1    Cobanov, B.2    Schnitkey, G.3
  • 115
    • 0001526063 scopus 로고
    • The effect of environmental temperature and dietary lysine source and level on the performance and carcass characteristics of growing swine
    • Stahly, TS, GI Cromwell, and P Aviotti. 1979. The effect of environmental temperature and dietary lysine source and level on the performance and carcass characteristics of growing swine. J Anim Sci. 49:1242-1250.
    • (1979) J Anim Sci , vol.49 , pp. 1242-1250
    • Stahly, T.S.1    Cromwell, G.I.2    Aviotti, P.3
  • 117
    • 0020142540 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of biochemical effects by hyperthermia
    • Streffer, C. 1982. Aspects of biochemical effects by hyperthermia. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 61:11-17.
    • (1982) Natl Cancer Inst Monogr , vol.61 , pp. 11-17
    • Streffer, C.1
  • 118
    • 0023799821 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of Metabolic change after hyperthermia
    • Streffer, C. 1988. Aspects of Metabolic change after hyperthermia. Recent Results in Cancer Res. 107:7-16.
    • (1988) Recent Results in Cancer Res , vol.107 , pp. 7-16
    • Streffer, C.1
  • 119
    • 33745266384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent response of plasma ghrelin and growth hormone concentrations to bovine ghrelin in Holstein heifers
    • ThidarMyint, H, H Yoshida, T Ito, and H Kuwayama. 2006. Dose-dependent response of plasma ghrelin and growth hormone concentrations to bovine ghrelin in Holstein heifers. J Endocrinol. 189:655-664.
    • (2006) J Endocrinol , vol.189 , pp. 655-664
    • ThidarMyint, H.1    Yoshida, H.2    Ito, T.3    Kuwayama, H.4
  • 120
    • 36148950130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined administration of ghrelin and GHRH synergistically stimulates GH release in Holstein preweaning calves
    • ThidarMyint, H, H Yoshida, T Ito, M He, H Inoue, and H Kuwayama. 2008. Combined administration of ghrelin and GHRH synergistically stimulates GH release in Holstein preweaning calves. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 34:118-123.
    • (2008) Domest Anim Endocrinol , vol.34 , pp. 118-123
    • ThidarMyint, H.1    Yoshida, H.2    Ito, T.3    He, M.4    Inoue, H.5    Kuwayama, H.6
  • 121
    • 1042275336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin and des-octanoyl ghrelin promote adipogenesis directly in vivo by a mechanism independent of the type 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor
    • Thompson, NM, DA Gill, R Davies, N Loveridge, PA Houston, IC Robinson, and T Wells. 2004. Ghrelin and des-octanoyl ghrelin promote adipogenesis directly in vivo by a mechanism independent of the type 1a growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Endocrinology. 145:234-242.
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , pp. 234-242
    • Thompson, N.M.1    Gill, D.A.2    Davies, R.3    Loveridge, N.4    Houston, P.A.5    Robinson, I.C.6    Wells, T.7
  • 122
    • 0023375067 scopus 로고
    • Hyperthermia effect on lipolytic processes in rat blood and adipose tissue
    • Torlinska, T, R Banach, J Paluszak, and A Gryczka-Dziadecka. 1987. Hyperthermia effect on lipolytic processes in rat blood and adipose tissue. Acta Phys Pol. 38:361-366.
    • (1987) Acta Phys Pol , vol.38 , pp. 361-366
    • Torlinska, T.1    Banach, R.2    Paluszak, J.3    Gryczka-Dziadecka, A.4
  • 123
    • 36749077147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between kinase phosphorylation, muscle fiber typing, and glycogen accumulation in longissimus muscle of beef cattle with high and low intramuscular fat
    • Underwood, KR, J Tong, MJ Zhu, QW Shen, WJ Means, SP Ford, SI Paisley, BW Hess, and M Du. 2007. Relationship between kinase phosphorylation, muscle fiber typing, and glycogen accumulation in longissimus muscle of beef cattle with high and low intramuscular fat. J Agric Food Chem. 55:9698-9703.
    • (2007) J Agric Food Chem , vol.55 , pp. 9698-9703
    • Underwood, K.R.1    Tong, J.2    Zhu, M.J.3    Shen, Q.W.4    Means, W.J.5    Ford, S.P.6    Paisley, S.I.7    Hess, B.W.8    Du, M.9
  • 124
    • 2942528459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin
    • van der Lely, AJ, M Tschop, ML Heiman, and E Ghigo. 2004. Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin. Endocr Rev. 25:426-457.
    • (2004) Endocr Rev , vol.25 , pp. 426-457
    • van der Lely, A.J.1    Tschop, M.2    Heiman, M.L.3    Ghigo, E.4
  • 125
    • 33645576528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partitioning of energy intake to heat, protein, and fat in growing pigs
    • Van Milgen, J, and J Noblet. 2003. Partitioning of energy intake to heat, protein, and fat in growing pigs. J Anim Sci. 81:E86-E93.
    • (2003) J Anim Sci , vol.81
    • Van Milgen, J.1    Noblet, J.2
  • 126
    • 35648999478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appetite and metabolic effects of ghrelin and cannabinoids: involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase
    • van Thuijl, H, B Kola, and M Korbonits. 2008. Appetite and metabolic effects of ghrelin and cannabinoids: involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase. Vit Horm. 77:121-148.
    • (2008) Vit Horm , vol.77 , pp. 121-148
    • van Thuijl, H.1    Kola, B.2    Korbonits, M.3
  • 127
    • 0027016389 scopus 로고
    • Effects of diet on lipolysis and its regulation
    • Vernon, RG. 1992. Effects of diet on lipolysis and its regulation. Proc Nutr Soc. 51:397-408.
    • (1992) Proc Nutr Soc , vol.51 , pp. 397-408
    • Vernon, R.G.1
  • 129
    • 40949163926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged, moderate nutrient restriction in beef cattle results in persistently elevated circulating ghrelin concentrations
    • Wertz-Lutz, AE, JA Daniel, JA Clapper, A Trenkle, and DC Beitz. 2008. Prolonged, moderate nutrient restriction in beef cattle results in persistently elevated circulating ghrelin concentrations. J Anim Sci. 86:564-575.
    • (2008) J Anim Sci , vol.86 , pp. 564-575
    • Wertz-Lutz, A.E.1    Daniel, J.A.2    Clapper, J.A.3    Trenkle, A.4    Beitz, D.C.5
  • 130
    • 0141797709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle
    • West, JW. 2003. Effects of heat-stress on production in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 86:2131-2144.
    • (2003) J Dairy Sci , vol.86 , pp. 2131-2144
    • West, J.W.1
  • 131
    • 67651176946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of heat stress and exogenous bovine somatotropin on expression of genes associated with hepatic gluconeogenesis in lactating dairy cows
    • Wheelock, JB, AJ La Noce, MD O'Brien, SR Sanders, RJ Collier, LH Baumgard, and RP Rhoads. 2008. The effect of heat stress and exogenous bovine somatotropin on expression of genes associated with hepatic gluconeogenesis in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 91. E-Suppl 1.455.
    • (2008) J Dairy Sci , vol.91 , Issue.E SUPPL 1 , pp. 455
    • Wheelock, J.B.1    La Noce, A.J.2    O'Brien, M.D.3    Sanders, S.R.4    Collier, R.J.5    Baumgard, L.H.6    Rhoads, R.P.7
  • 134
    • 79952741172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of bovine pyruvate carboxylase mRNA and promoter expression by heat stress
    • White, HM, SL Koser, and SS Donkin. 2009. Regulation of bovine pyruvate carboxylase mRNA and promoter expression by heat stress. J Dairy Sci. 92:E-Suppl. 1:139.
    • (2009) J Dairy Sci , vol.92 , Issue.E SUPPL 1 , pp. 139
    • White, H.M.1    Koser, S.L.2    Donkin, S.S.3
  • 135
    • 0014236566 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen cost of thermal panting
    • Whittow, GC, and JD Findlay. 1968. Oxygen cost of thermal panting.AmJ Physiol. 214:94-99.
    • (1968) AmJ Physiol , vol.214 , pp. 94-99
    • Whittow, G.C.1    Findlay, J.D.2
  • 138
    • 84882674092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal manipulation during the perinatal period -does it improve thermotolerance and performance of broiler chickens?
    • Yahav, S. 2007. Thermal manipulation during the perinatal period - does it improve thermotolerance and performance of broiler chickens? Aust Poult Sci Symp. 14-18.
    • (2007) Aust Poult Sci Symp , pp. 14-18
    • Yahav, S.1
  • 139
    • 0027407790 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism during exercise in hot and thermalneutral environments
    • Yaspelkis, BB III, GC Scroop, KM Wilmore, and JL Ivy. 1993. Carbohydrate metabolism during exercise in hot and thermalneutral environments. Int J Sports Med. 14:13-19.
    • (1993) Int J Sports Med , vol.14 , pp. 13-19
    • Yaspelkis III, B.B.1    Scroop, G.C.2    Wilmore, K.M.3    Ivy, J.L.4
  • 140
    • 0030850797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of environmental temperature on muscle protein turnover and heat production in tube-fed broiler chickens
    • Yunianto, VD, K Hayashi, S Kaneda, A Ohtsuka, and Y Tomita. 1997. Effect of environmental temperature on muscle protein turnover and heat production in tube-fed broiler chickens. Br J Nutr. 77:897-909.
    • (1997) Br J Nutr , vol.77 , pp. 897-909
    • Yunianto, V.D.1    Hayashi, K.2    Kaneda, S.3    Ohtsuka, A.4    Tomita, Y.5
  • 141
    • 84872754945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revised temperature humidity index (THI) for high producing dairy cows
    • Zimbleman, RB, RP Rhoads, LH Baumgard, and RJ Collier. 2009. Revised temperature humidity index (THI) for high producing dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 92:E-Suppl. 1:347.
    • (2009) J Dairy Sci , vol.92 , Issue.E SUPPL 1 , pp. 347
    • Zimbleman, R.B.1    Rhoads, R.P.2    Baumgard, L.H.3    Collier, R.J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.