The analysis of mainstream smoke emissions of Canadian 'super slim' cigarettes

Tobacco Control

Volumn 22, Issue 6, 2013, Pages

  Siu, May ^a   Mladjenovic, Nemanja ^a   Soo, Evelyn ^a  

^a HEALTH CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTANT; AMINE; AMMONIA; CARBON MONOXIDE; FORMALDEHYDE; NICOTINE; NITROSAMINE; PASSIVE SMOKING; PHENOL DERIVATIVE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

AIR POLLUTANT; ANALYSIS; CANADA; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMAN; PASSIVE SMOKING; REFERENCE VALUE; SMOKING; TOBACCO;

AIR POLLUTANTS; AMINES; AMMONIA; CANADA; CARBON MONOXIDE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FORMALDEHYDE; HUMANS; NICOTINE; NITROSAMINES; PHENOLS; REFERENCE VALUES; SMOKING; TOBACCO; TOBACCO PRODUCTS; TOBACCO SMOKE POLLUTION; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

EID: 84885837059     PISSN: 09644563     EISSN: 14683318     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050450     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2004.
2. Kaiserman MJ, Makomaski Illing EM. Mortality attributable to tobacco use in Canada and its regions, 1998. Can J Public Health 2004;95:38e44.
3. World Health Organization. WHO Report on The Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2011-Warning about the Dangers of Tobacco. Geneva: WHO Press, 2011.
4. Department of Justice. Tobacco Act and Tobacco Regulations. S.C.1997, c.13. Ottawa, Canada. 2010.
5. Wakefield M, Morley C, Horan JK, et al. The cigarette pack as image: new evidence from tobacco industry Documents. Tob Control 2002;11(Suppl 1):i73e80.
6. Henriksen L. Comprehensive tobacco marketing restrictions: promotion, packaging, price and place. Tob Control 2012;21:147e53.
7. Department of Justice. Promotion of Tobacco Products and Accessories Regulations (Prohibited Terms). SOR/2011-178. Ontario: Minister of Justice, 2011.
8. Franklin C. Super Slims: Fashion or Fad? 8th Rhodia Colloquium. 2nd June 2008. http://www.filtronafilters.cn/uploads/superslimsfashionorfad-8thrhodiacolloquium.pdf (accessed 17 Apr 2012).
9. Toll BA, Ling PM. The Virginia slims identity crisis: an inside look at tobacco industry marketing to women. Tob Control 2005;14:172e80.
10. Boyd TC, Boyd CJ, Greenlee TB. A means to an end: slim hopes and cigarette advertising. Health Promot Pract 2003;4:266e77.
11. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking for WomendA Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of Smoking and Health, 1980.
12. Hammond D, Doxey J, Daniel S, et al. Impact of female-oriented cigarette packaging in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res 2011;13:579e88.
13. Mutti S, Hammond D, Borland R, et al. Beyond light and mild: cigarette brand descriptors and perceptions of risk in the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey. Addiction 2011;106:1166e75.
14. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease: a Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of Surgeon General, 2010.
15. Minister of Justice. Tobacco Reporting Regulations (TRR). SOR/2000-273, P.C. 2000. Minister of Justice: Ottawa, 2000.
16. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Smoking and Tobacco Control - Monograph 13. Risks Associated with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine-Measured Yields of Tar and Nicotine. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 2001. NIH Publication No. 02e5047.
17. Hammond D, Fong GT, Cummings KM, et al. Cigarette yields and human exposure: a comparison of Alternative testing regimens. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15:1495e501.
18. Viscusi WK. Do smokers underestimate risks? J Pol Econ 1990;98:1253e69.
19. Rickert WS, Kaiserman MJ. A comparison of yields of "Tar", Nicotine, and CO from 115 brands of Canadian cigarettes tested under 6 conditions. Poster presented at the 51st Tobacco Chemists Research Conference; 14-17 September, Winston Salem (NC), 1997.
20. ISO-International Organization for Standardization. ISO 9512-CigarettesdDetermination of VentilationdDefinitions and Measurement Principles. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 2002.
21. ISO-International Organization for Standardization. ISO 2965-Materials Used as Cigarette Papers, Filter Plug Wrap and Filter Joining Paper, Including Materials Having an Oriented Permeable Zone - Determination of Air Permeability. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 1997.
22. ISO-International Organization for Standardization. ISO 3402-Tobacco and Tobacco Products - Atmosphere for Conditioning and Testing. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 1999.
23. O'Connor RJ, Hammond D, McNeill A, et al. How do different cigarette design features influence the standard tar yields of popular cigarette brands sold in different Countries? Tob Control 2008;17(Suppl 1):i1e5.
24. Yamamoto T, Anzai U, Okada T. Effect of Cigarette Circumference on Weight Loss during Puff and Total Delivery of Tar and Nicotine. Vol. 12. Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International, 1984:259e69.
25. Irwin WD. The Effects of Circumference on Mainstream Deliveries and Composition: Progress Report 2-Report No: RD-2135. 1989. http://tobaccodocuments.org/product_design/12198971.html (accessed 22 Jul 2011).
26. Baker RR. The generation of formaldehyde in cigarettes-overview and recent experiments. Food Chem Toxicol 2006;44:1799e822.
27. Hoffmann D, Wynder EL. Filtration of phenols from cigarette smoke. J Natl Cancer Inst 1963;30:67e84.
28. Kiefer J. Ventilated filter and their effect on smoke composition. Recent Advances in Tobacco Science 1978;4:78e9.
29. Torikai K, Yoshida S, Takahashi H. Effects of temperature, atmosphere and pH on the generation of smoke compounds during tobacco pyrolysis. Food Chem Toxicol 2004;42:1409e17.
30. Farone WA. The Manipulation and Control of Nicotine and Tar in the Design and Manufacture of Cigarettes: a Scientific Perspective. 1996. http://tobaccodocuments.org/product_design/11846770.html (accessed 17 Apr 2012)
31. Lendvay A, Lazlo TS. Cigarette peak coal temperature measurements. Beitrage zur Tabakforshung International 1974;7:276e81.
32. Norman V. The physical chemistry and filtration of cigarette smoke. Tabak Journal International 1980;3:255e6.
33. Lewis DA, Colbeck I, Mariner DC. Dilution of mainstream tobacco smoke and its effects upon the Evaporation and diffusion of nicotine. J Aerosol Sci 1995;26:841e6.
34. Ashley M, Sisodiya A, McEwan M, et al. Comparison of mouth level exposure to tar and nicotine in Romanian smokers of normal and superslim King Size cigarettes. Poster POS3e70. Poster presented at the 2011 SRNT 17th Annual Meeting; 16-19 February, Toronto (ON), 2011.
35. Laugesen M, Fowles J. Marlboro Ultrasmooth: a Potentially reduced exposure cigarette. Tob Control 2006;15:430e5.