Th1 and Th17 but no Th2-related cytokine spectrum in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with Borrelia-related facial nerve palsy

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2013, Pages

  Liba, Zuzana ^a   Kayserova, Jana ^a   Komarek, Vladimir ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL MOTOL   (Czech Republic)

Author keywords

Cerebrospinal fluid; Children; Cytokine; Facial palsy; IL 15; IL 17; IL 4; Neuroborreliosis

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 15; INTERLEUKIN 17; INTERLEUKIN 4; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 7; INTERLEUKIN 8; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BORRELIA; CEREBRAL PALSY; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FACIAL NERVE PARALYSIS; FEMALE; GAIT DISORDER; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; LUMBAR PUNCTURE; LYME DISEASE; MACROCEPHALY; MALE; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; PARESTHESIA; PERIODIC LIMB MOVEMENT DISORDER; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; PROTEIN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID LEVEL; SCHOOL CHILD; TH1 CELL; TH17 CELL; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

EID: 84885220430     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20458118     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/2045-8118-10-30     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Rupprecht TA, Koedel U, Fingerle V, Pfister HW. The pathogenesis of Lyme neuroborreliosis: from infection to inflammation. Mol Med 2008, 14(3-4):205-212. 2148032, 18097481.
2. Rizzoli A, Hauffe HC, Carpi G, Vourc'h GI, Neteler M, Rosà R. Lyme neuroborreliosis in Europe. Eurosurveillance 2011, 16:27.
3. Liba Z, Kayserova J, Komarek V. Frequent incidence of Lyme neuroborreliosis in children in the Czech Republic. Cesk Slov Neurol N 2013, 76/109(1):63-69.
4. López-Alberola RF. Neuroborreliosis and the pediatric population: a review. Rev Neurol 2006, 42(Suppl 3):S91-S96.
5. D'Elios MM, Benagiano M, Della Bella C, Amedei A. T-cell response to bacterial agents. J Infect Dev Ctries 2011, 5(9):640-645.
6. Dennis VA, Dixit S, O'Brien SM, Alvarez X, Pahar B, Philipp MT. Live Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes elicit inflammatory mediators from human monocytes via Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Infect Immun 2009, 77(3):1238-1245. 10.1128/IAI.01078-08, 2643645, 19139200.
7. Nordberg M, Forsberg P, Johansson A, Nyman D, Jansson C, Ernerudh J, Ekerfelt C. Cytotoxic mechanism may play role in the local immune response in the central nervous system in neuroborreliosis. J Neuroimmunol 2011, 232(1-2):186-193. 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.09.028, 21056912.
8. Widhe M, Jarefors S, Ekerfelt C, Vrethem M, Bergstrom S, Forsberg P, Ernerudh J. Borrelia-specific interferon-γ and interleukin-4 secretion in cerebrospinal fluid and blood during Lyme borreliosis in humans: association with clinical outcome. J Infect Dis 2004, 189(10):1881-1891. 10.1086/382893, 15122525.
9. Sjöwall J, Carlsson A, Vaarala O, Bergström S, Ernerudh J, Forsberg P, Ekerfelt C. Up-regulation of borrelia-specific IL-4 and IFN-γ secreting cells in cerebrospinal fluid from children with Lyme neuroborreliosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2005, 141(1):89-98. 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02820.x, 1809414, 15958074.
10. Skogman BH, Hellberg S, Ekerfelt C, Jenmalm MC, Forsberg P, Ludvigsson J, Bergström S, Ernerudh J. Adaptive and innate immune responsiveness to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in exposed asymptomatic children and children with previous clinical Lyme borreliosis. Clin Dev Immunol 2012, 2012:294587. 3235451, 22190976.
11. Oosting M, van de Veerdonk FL, Kanneganti TD, Sturm P, Verschueren I, Berende A, van der Meer JW, Kullberg BJ, Netea MG, Joosten LA. Borrelia species induce inflammasome activation and IL-17 production through a caspase-1-dependent mechanism. Eur J Immunol 2011, 41(1):172-181. 10.1002/eji.201040385, 21182088.
12. Henningsson AJ, Tjernberg I, Malmvall BE, Forsberg P, Ernerudh J. Indications of Th1 and Th17 responses in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis: a large retrospective study. J Neuroinflammation 2011, 8:36. 10.1186/1742-2094-8-36, 3108302, 21507218.
13. Mygland A, Ljøstad U, Fingerle V, Rupprecht T, Schmutzhard E, Steiner I. EFNS guidelines on the diagnosis and management of European Lyme neuroborreliosis. Eur J Neurol 2010, 17(1):8-16. 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02862.x, 19930447.
14. Felgenhauer K. Laboratory diagnosis of neurological diseases. Clinical laboratory diagnostics - use and assessment of clinical laboratory results 1998, 1308-1326. Frankfurt: TH-Books, Thomas L.
15. Wildemann B, Oschmann P, Reiber H. Laboratory Diagnosis of Neurological Diseases 2010, Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag.
16. Deisenhammer F, Bartos A, Egg R, Gilhus NE, Giovannoni G, Rauer S, Sellebjerg F. Routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis: report from an EFNS task force. Eur J Neurol 2006, 13(9):913-922. 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01493.x, 16930354.
17. Niederkorn JY. See no evil, hear no evil, do no evil: the lessons of immune privilege. Nat Immunol 2006, 7(4):354-359. 10.1038/ni1328, 16550198.
18. Ransohoff RM, Brown MA. Innate immunity in the central nervous system. Clin Invest 2012, 122(4):1164-1171.
19. Unsinger J, McGlynn M, Kasten KR, Hoekzema AS, Watanabe E, Muenzer JT, McDonough JS, Tschoep J, Ferguson TA, McDunn JE, Morre M, Hildeman DA, Caldwell CC, Hotchkiss RS. IL-7 promotes T cell viability, trafficking, and functionality and improves survival in sepsis. J Immunol 2010, 184(7):3768-3779. 10.4049/jimmunol.0903151, 2914630, 20200277.
20. Gautam A, Dixit S, Philipp MT, Singh SR, Morici LA, Kaushal D, Dennis VA. Interleukin-10 alters effector functions of multiple genes induced by Borrelia burgdorferi in macrophages to regulate Lyme disease inflammation. Infect Immun 2011, 79(12):4876-4892. 10.1128/IAI.05451-11, 3232652, 21947773.
21. Wu X, Weihong P, Yi H, Hung H, Kastin AJ. Cerebral interleukin 15 shows upregulation and beneficial effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 2010, 223(1-2):65-72. 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.04.001, 2883030, 20430449.
22. Ponomarev ED, Maresz K, Tan Y, Dittel BN. CNS-derived interleukin-4 is essential for the regulation of autoimmune inflammation and induces a state of alternative activation in microglial cells. J Neurosci 2007, 27(40):10714-10721. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1922-07.2007, 17913905.
23. Gadani SP, Cronk JC, Norris GT, Kipnis J. IL-4 in the brain: a cytokine to remember. J Immunol 2012, 189(9):4213-4219. 10.4049/jimmunol.1202246, 23087426.
24. Deshmane SL, Kremlev S, Amini S, Sawaya BE. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1): an overview. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2009, 29(6):313-326. 10.1089/jir.2008.0027, 2755091,2755091, 19441883.
25. Semple BD, Kossmann T, Morganti-Kossmann MC. Role of chemokines in CNS health and pathology: a focus on the CCL2/CCR2 and CXCL8/CXCR2 networks. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2010, 30(3):459-473. 10.1038/jcbfm.2009.240, 2949152, 19904283.