Tissue Cyst-Forming Coccidia of Marine Mammals

Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 319-340

  Miller, Melissa A ^a  

^a Disney's Animal Programs ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84884877948     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-141604047-7.50043-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (84)

1. Akao S A new species of Sarcocystis parasitic in the beluga whale (Balaenoptera borealis). J Protozool 1970, 17:290-294.
2. Arkush KD, Miller MA, Leutenegger CM, et al. Molecular and bioassay-detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocyst uptake by mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Int J Parasitol 2003, 33:1087-1097.
3. Bandoli JG, De Oliveira CAB [Toxoplasmosis in Sotalia guianensis (Van Beneden, 1863) (Cetacea:Delphinidae)]. Folha Medica 1977, 75:459-468.
4. Barr BC: Personal communication.
5. Bishop L Parasite-related lesions in a bearded seal. Erignathus barbatus. J Wildl Dis 1979, 15(2):285-293.
6. Bowater RO, Norton J, Johnson S, et al. Toxoplasmosis in Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphins (Sousa chinensis), from Queensland. Aust Vet J 2003, 81:627-632.
7. Brown RJ, Smith AW, Keyes MC Sarcocystis in the northern fur seal. J Wildl Dis 1974, 10(1):53.
8. Buergelt CD Toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis in a West Indian manatee. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983, 183:1294-1296.
9. Cabezon O, Resendes AR, Domingo M, et al. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in wild dolphins from the Spanish Mediterranean coast. J Parasitol 2004, 90(3):643-644.
10. Cole RA, Lindsay DS, Roderick CL, et al. Biological and molecular characterizations of Toxoplasma gondii obtained from southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). J Parasitol 2000, 86:526-530.
11. Colegrove KM: Personal communication.
12. Colegrove KM, Grieg DJ, Gulland FM Causes of live-strandings of Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) and Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) along the central California coast, 1992-2001. Aquat Mamm 2005, 31:1-10.
13. Colegrove KM, Gulland FM: Personal communication.
14. Conrad PA, Miller MA, Kreuder C, et al. Transmission of Toxoplasma: clues from the study of sea otters as sentinels of Toxoplasma gondii flow into the marine environment. Int J Parasitol 2005, 35:1155-1168.
15. Cowan DF Pathology of the pilot whale (Globicephala melaena): a comparative survey. Arch Pathol 1966, 82:178-189.
16. Cruickshank JJ, Haines DM, Palmer NC, St Aubin DJ Cysts of a Toxoplasma-like organism in an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin. Can Vet J 1990, 31:213-215.
17. Dabritz HA: The epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in cats and rodents from the Morro Bay area, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 2006 (PhD dissertation).
18. Dailey MD, Stroud R Parasites and associated pathology observed in cetaceans stranded along the Oregon coast. J Wildl Dis 1978, 14:503-511.
19. DeGuise S, Lagacé A, Girard C, Béland P Intramuscular Sarcocystis in two beluga whales and an Atlantic white-sided dolphin from the St. Lawrence estuary, Québec, Canada. J Vet Diagn Invest 1993, 5(2):296-300.
20. DeGuise S, Lagacé A, Béland P, et al. Non-neoplastic lesions in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) and other marine mammals from the St. Lawrence Estuary. J Comp Pathol 1995, 112:257-271.
21. DiGuardo G, Agrimi U, Morelli L, et al. Post mortem investigations on cetaceans found stranded on the coasts of Italy between 1990 and 1993. Vet Rec 1995, 136:439-442.
22. DiGuardo G, Corradi A, Agrimi U, et al. Neuropathological lesions in cetaceans found stranded from 1991 to 1993 on the coasts of Italy. Eur J Vet Pathol 1995, 1:47-51.
23. Domingo M, Visa J, Pumarola M, et al. Pathological and immunocytochemical studies of morbillivirus infection of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba). Vet Pathol 1992, 29:1-10.
24. Dubey JP Toxoplasma, Neospora, Sarcocystis and other tissue cyst-forming coccidia of humans and animals. Parasitic protozoa 1993, vol 6. Academic Press, San Diego. ed 2. J.P. Krier (Ed.).
25. Dubey JP, Fair PA, Bossart GD, et al. A comparison of four serologic tests to detect antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in naturally-exposed bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). J Parasitol 2005, 91(5):1074-1081.
26. Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, Rosenthal BM, Thomas NJ Sarcocysts of an unidentified species of Sarcocystis in the sea otter (Enhydra lutris). J Parasitol 2003, 89:397-399.
27. Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, Saville WJ, et al. A review of Sarcocystis neurona and equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). Vet Parasitol 2001, 95:89-131.
28. Dubey JP, Lipscomb TP, Mense M Toxoplasmosis in an elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris). J Parasitol 2004, 90(2):410-411.
29. Dubey JP, Rosypal AC, Rosenthal BM, et al. Sarcocystis neurona infections in sea otter (Enhydra lutris): evidence for natural infection with sarcocysts and transmission of infection to opossums. J Parasitol 2001, 87:1387-1393.
30. Dubey JP, Zarnke RL, Thomas NJ, et al. Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis neurona, and Sarcocystis canis-like infections in marine mammals. Vet Parasitol 2003, 116:275-296.
31. Ewing R, Zaias J, Stamper MA, et al. Prevalence of Sarcocystis sp. in stranded Atlantic white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus acutus). J Wildl Dis 2002, 38:291-296.
32. Gajadhar AA, Measures L, Forbes LB, et al. Experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). J Parasitol 2004, 90:255-259.
33. Garner MM, Barr BC, Packham AE, et al. Fatal hepatic sarcocystosis in two polar bears (Ursus maritimus). J Parasitol 1997, 83:523-526.
34. Gulland FM, Lowenstine LJ, Lapointe JM, King DP Herpesvirus infection in stranded Pacific harbor seals of coastal California. J Wildl Dis 1997, 33(3):450-458.
35. Hadwen S Cyst-forming protozoa in reindeer and caribou, and a sarcosporidian parasite of the seal (Phoca richardi). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1922, 61:374-382.
36. Hanni KD, Mazet JK, Gulland FM, et al. Clinical pathology and assessment of pathogen exposure in southern and Alaskan sea otters. J Wildl Dis 2003, 39:837-850.
37. Holshuh HJ, Sherrod AE, Taylor CR, et al. Toxoplasmosis in a feral northern fur seal. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985, 187:1229-1230.
38. Honnold SP, Braun R, Scott DP, et al. Toxoplasmosis in a Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi). J Parasitol 2005, 91(3):695-697.
39. Huet L [Note regarding the parasites found in the muscles of Otaria california]. CR Seances Mem Soc Biol 1882, 34:321-322.
40. Inskeep W, Gardiner CH, Harris RK, et al. Toxoplasmosis in Atlantic bottle-nosed dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). J Wildl Dis 1990, 26:377-382.
41. Jardine JE, Dubey JP Congenital toxoplasmosis in an Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus). J Parasitol 2002, 88:197-199.
42. Kreuder C, Miller MA, Jessup DA, et al. Patterns of mortality in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) from 1998-2001. J Wildl Dis 2003, 39:495-509.
43. Kreuder C, Miller MA, Lowenstine LJ, et al. Evaluation of cardiac lesions and risk factors associated with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). Am J Vet Res 2005, 66:289-299.
44. Lambourn DM, Jeffries SJ, Dubey JP Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in southern Puget Sound, Washington. J Parasitol 2001, 87:1196-1198.
45. Lapointe JM, Duignan PJ, Marsh AE, et al. Meningoencephalitis due to a Sarcocystis neurona-like protozoan in Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi). J Parasitol 1998, 84:1184-1189.
46. LaPointe JM, Duignan PJ, Barr BC, et al. Meningoencephalitis associated with an unidentified Apicomplexan protozoan in a Pacific harbor seal. J Parasitol 2003, 87:1196-1197.
47. Lindsay DS, Collins MV, Mitchell SM, et al. Survival of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica). J Parasitol 2004, 90:1054-1057.
48. Lindsay DS, Thomas NJ, Dubey JP Biological characterization of Sarcocystis neurona isolated from a southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis). Int J Parasitol 2000, 30:617-624.
49. Lindsay DS, Thomas NJ, Rosypal AC, Dubey JP Dual Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii infection in a northern sea otter from Washington state. Vet Parasitol 2001, 97:319-327.
50. Measures LN, Dubey JP, Labelle P, Martineau D Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Canadian pinnipeds. J Wildl Dis 2004, 40:294-300.
51. Mense MG, Dubey JP, Homer BL Acute hepatic necrosis associated with a Sarcocystis-like protozoa in a sea lion (Zalophus californianus). J Vet Diagn Invest 1992, 4:486-490.
52. Migaki G, Albert TF Sarcosporidiosis in the ringed seal. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1980, 177:917-918.
53. Migaki G, Allen JF, Casey HW Toxoplasmosis in a California sea lion. Am J Vet Res 1977, 38:135-136.
54. Migaki G, Sawa TR, Dubey JP Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in a spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris). Vet Pathol 1990, 27:463-464.
55. Mikaelian I, Boisclair J, Dubey JP, et al. Toxoplasmosis in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from St. Lawrence Estuary: two case reports and a serological survey. J Comp Pathol 2000, 122:73-76.
56. Miller MA: Unpublished data.
57. Miller MA, Conrad P: Unpublished data.
58. Miller MA, Murray M, Gulland FM, Haulena M: Unpublished data.
59. Miller MA, Sverlow K, Crosbie PR, et al. Isolation and characterization of two parasitic protozoa from a Pacific harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardsi) with meningoencephalomyelitis. J Parasitol 2001, 87:816-822.
60. Miller MA, Crosbie PR, Sverlow K, et al. Isolation and characterization of Sarcocystis neurona from brain tissue of a free-living southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) with fatal meningoencephalitis. Parasitol Res 2001, 87:252-257.
61. Miller MA, Gardner IA, Packham A, et al. Evaluation and application of an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in sea otters (Enhydra lutris). J Parasitol 2002, 88:594-599.
62. Miller MA, Gardner IA, Kreuder C, et al. Coastal freshwater runoff is a risk factor for Toxoplasma gondii infection of southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). Int J Parasitol 2002, 32:997-1006.
63. Miller MA, Grigg ME, Kreuder C, et al. An unusual genotype of Toxoplasma gondii is common in California sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) and is a cause of mortality. Int J Parasitol 2004, 34:275-284.
64. Munday BL, Mason RW, Hartley WJ, et al. Sarcocystis and related organisms in Australian wildlife. I. Survey findings in mammals. J Wildl Dis 1978, 14:417-433.
65. Murata K, Mizuta K, Terasawa F, et al. The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in wild and captive cetaceans from Japan. J Parasitol 2004, 90(4):896-898.
66. Murray M, Haulena M, Gullard FM: Unpublished data.
67. Oksanen A, Tryland M, Johnsen K, Dubey JP Serosurvey of Toxoplasma gondii in North Atlantic marine mammals by use of agglutination test employing whole tachyzoites and dithiothreitol. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 1998, 21:107-114.
68. Omata Y, Hammond KI, Murata K Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in the Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) from the Solomon Islands. J Parasitol 2005, 91:965-967.
69. Omata Y, Umeshita Y, Watarai M, et al. Investigation for presence of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Brucella-species infection in killer whales (Orcinus orca) mass-stranded on the coast of Shiretoko, Hakkaido, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2006, 68:523-526.
70. Owen CG, Kaklaus BA Sarcosporidiosis in the sperm whale. Aust J Sci 1968, 31:46-47.
71. Philippa JD, Leighton FA, Daoust PY, et al. Antibodies to selected pathogens in free-ranging terrestrial carnivores and marine mammals in Canada. Vet Rec 2004, 155:135-140.
72. Ratcliffe HL, Worth CB Toxoplasmosis of captive wild birds and mammals. Am J Pathol 1951, 27:655-667.
73. Resendes AR, Almeria S, Dubey JP, et al. Disseminated toxoplasmosis in a Mediterranean pregnant Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus) with transplacental fetal infection. J Parasitol 2002, 88:1029-1032.
74. Resendes AR, Juan-Salles C, Almeria S, et al. Hepatic sarcocystosis in a striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the Spanish Mediterranean coast. J Parasitol 2002, 88:206-209.
75. Rosonke BJ, Brown SR, Tornquist SJ, et al. Encephalomyelitis associated with a Sarcocystis neurona-like organism in a sea otter. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999, 215:1839-1842.
76. Schulman FY, Lipscomb TP, Moffett D, et al. Histologic, immunohistological, and polymerase chain reaction studies of bottlenose dolphins from the 1987-1988 United States Atlantic Coast epizootic. Vet Pathol 1997, 34:1029-1032.
77. Tenter AM, Heckenroth AR, Weiss LW Toxoplasma gondii: from animals to humans. Int J Parasitol 2000, 30:121-1258.
78. Thomas NJ, Cole RA The risk of disease and threats to the wild population: conservation and management of the southern sea otter. Endangered Species Update 1996, 13:23-27. (special issue).
79. Tocidlowski ME, Lappin MR, Summer PW, Stoskopf MK Serologic survey for toxoplasmosis in river otters. J Wildl Dis 1997, 33:649-652.
80. Van Dolah FM, Douchette GJ, Gulland F, et al. Impacts of algal toxins on marine mammals. Toxicology of marine mammals 2003, 247-270. Taylor & Francis, London. J.G. Vos, G.D. Bossart, M. Fournier, T. O'Shea (Eds.).
81. Van Pelt RW, Dietrich RA Staphylococcal infection and toxoplasmosis in a young harbor seal. J Wildl Dis 1973, 9:258-261.
82. Wahlstrom K, Nikkila T, Uggla A Sarcocystis species in skeletal muscle of otter (Lutra lutra). Parasitology 1999, 118:59-62.
83. Yantis D, Moeller RB, Gardiner CH, et al. Hepatitis associated with a Sarcocystis canis-like protozoan in a Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi). J Parasitol 2003, 89:1258-1260.
84. Zabka T, Conrad P: Unpublished data.