Charge transfer in CdSe nanocrystal complexes with an electroactive polymer

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 117, Issue 37, 2013, Pages 18870-18884

  Oh, Megan H J ^a   Chen, Ming ^a,b   Chuang, Chi Hung ^c   Wilson, Gerard J ^b   Burda, Clemens ^c   Winnik, Mitchell A ^a   Scholes, Gregory D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b CSIRO   (Australia)

^c CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHARGE TRANSFER PROCESS; CHARGE TRANSFER SYSTEM; CHARGE-TRANSFER DYNAMICS; CHARGE-TRANSFER REACTIONS; ELECTRO-ACTIVE POLYMERS; FLUORESCENCE LIFETIMES; INTERFACIAL CHARGE TRANSFER; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS;

CONDUCTING POLYMERS; FLUORESCENCE; NANOCRYSTALS; ORGANIC SOLVENTS; RUTHENIUM COMPOUNDS; SOLVENTS;

CHARGE TRANSFER;

EID: 84884545431     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp406196a     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Miller, R. J. D.; McLendon, G. L.; Nozik, A. J.; Schmickler, W.; Willig, F. Surface Electron Transfer Processes; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1995.
2. Michael Grätzel Festschrift, A Tribute for His 60th Birthday, Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 1195-1213.
3. 2 Films J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 2385-2393
4. 2 Nanoparticles J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 4136-4137
5. 2 Architecture J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 4007-4015
6. Boulesbaa, A.; Issac, A.; Stockwell, D.; Huang, Z.; Huang, J.; Guo, J.; Lian, T. Ultrafast Charge Separation at CdS Quantum Dot/Rhodamine B Molecule Interface J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 15132-15133
7. 2 Nanocrystalline Thin Films in Different Solvent Environments J. Phys. Chem. B 2007, 111, 6903-6912
8. Huang, J.; Stockwell, D.; Huang, Z.; Mohler, D.; Lian, T. Photoinduced Ultrafast Electron Transfer From CdSe Quantum Dots to Re-bipyridyl Complexes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 5632-5633
9. Issac, A.; Jin, S.; Lian, T. Intermittent Electron Transfer Activity From Single CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 11280-11281
10. 2 Nanoparticles Nano Lett. 2009, 9, 2448-2454
11. Ginger, D. S.; Greenham, N. C. Photoinduced Electron Transfer From Conjugated Polymers to CdSe Nanocrystals Phys. Rev. B 1999, 59, 10622-10629
12. 2 Films Nature 1991, 353, 737-740
13. Nazeeruddin, M.; Kay, A.; Rodicio, I.; Humphrey-Baker, R.; Müller, E.; Liska, P.; Vlachopoulos, N.; Grätzel, M. Conversion of Light to Electricity by Cis-X2bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylate) ruthenium(II) Charge-Transfer Sensitizers (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, CN-, and SCN-) on Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide Electrodes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 6382-6390
14. Cahen, D.; Hodes, G.; Grätzel, M.; Guillemoles, J.; Riess, I. Nature of Photovoltaic Action in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Phys Chem. B 2000, 104, 2053-2059
15. Huynh, W. U.; Dittmer, J. J.; Alivisatos, A. P. Hybrid Nanorod-Polymer Solar Cells Science 2002, 295, 2425-2427
16. Coe, S.; Woo, W.-K.; Bawendi, M.; Bulović, V. Electroluminescence From Single Monolayers of Nanocrystals in Molecular Organic Devices Nature 2002, 420, 800-803
17. Grätzel, M. Photochemical Cells Nature 2001, 414, 338-344
18. Murray, C. B.; Norris, D. J.; Bawendi, M. G. Synthesis and Characterization of Nearly Monodisperse CdE (E = Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium) Semiconductor Nanocrystallites J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 8706-8715
19. Hines, M. A.; Guyot-Sionnest, P. Synthesis and Characterization of Strongly Luminescing ZnS-Capped CdSe Nanocrystals J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 468-471
20. Scholes, G. D. Controlling the Optical Properties of Inorganic Nanoparticles Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 1157-1172
21. Klimov, V. I. Spectral and Dynamical Properties of Multilexcitons in Semiconductor Nanocrystals Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2007, 58, 635-673
22. Efros, A. L.; Rosen, M. The Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 2000, 30, 475-521
23. Norris, D. J.; Efros, A. L.; Rosen, M.; Bawendi, M. G. Size-Dependence of Exciton Fine Structure in CdSe Quantum Dots Phys. Rev. B 1996, 53, 16347-16354
24. Nirmal, M.; Murray, C. B.; Norris, D. J.; Bawendi, M. G. Surface Electronic Properties of CdSe Nanocrystallites Z. Phys. D 1993, 26, 361-363
25. Woggon, U.; Gaponenko, S. V. Excitons in Quantum Dots Phys. Status Solidi B 1995, 189, 285-343
26. Alivisatos, A. P. Perspectives on the Physical Chemistry of Semiconductor Nanocrystals J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 13226-13239
27. Burda, C.; Chen, X. B.; Narayanan, R.; El-Sayed, M. A. Chemistry and Properties of Nanocrystals of Different Shapes Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 1025-1102
28. Sykora, M.; Petruska, M.; Alstrum-Acevedo, J.; Bezel, I.; Meyer, T.; Klimov, V. Photoinduced Charge Transfer Between CdSe Nanocrystal Quantum Dots and Ru-Polypyridine Complexes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 9984-9985
29. Koposov, A. Y.; Szymanski, P.; Cardolaccia, T.; Meyer, T. J.; Klimov, V. I.; Sykora, M. Electronic Properties and Structure of Assemblies of CdSe Nanocrystal Quantum Dots and Ru-Polypyridine Complexes Probed by Steady State and Time-Resolved Photoluminescence Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 3159-3168
30. 2 Electrodes with InP Quantum Dots Langmuir. 1998, 14, 3153-3156
31. Plass, R.; Pelet, S.; Kruegar, J.; Grätzel, M. Quantum Dots Sensitization of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 7578-7580
32. Hyun, B.-R.; Bartnik, A.; Lee, J.-K.; Imoto, H.; Sun, L.; Choi, J.; Chujo, Y.; Hanrath, T.; Ober, C.; Wise, F. Role of Solvent Dielectric Properties on Charge Transfer From PbS Nanocrystals to Molecules Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 318-323
33. Cui, S.-C.; Tachikawa, T.; Fujitsuka, M.; Majima, T. Solvent-Polarity Dependence of Electron-Transfer Kinetics in a CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot-Pyromellitimide Conjugate J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 1217-1225
34. Montalti, M.; Credi, A.; Prodi, L.; Gandolfi, M. T. Handbook of Photochemistry, 3 rd ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, 2006.
35. Wang, X.-S.; Dykstra, T. E.; Salvador, M. R.; Manners, I.; Scholes, G. D.; Winnik, M. A. Surface Passivation of Luminescent Colloidal Quantum Dots with Poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Through a Ligand Exchange Process J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 7784-7785
36. Wang, M.; Oh, J. K.; Dykstra, T. E.; Lou, X.; Scholes, G. D.; Winnik, M. A. Surface Modification of CdSe and CdSe/ZnS Semiconductor Nanocrystals with Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Macromoecules 2006, 39, 3664-3672
37. Wang, M.; Dykstra, T. E.; Lou, X.; Salvador, M. R.; Scholes, G. D.; Winnik, M. A. Colloidal CdSe Nanocrystals Passivated by a Dye-Labeled Multidentate Polymer: Quantitative Analysis by Size-Exclusion Chromatography Angew. Chem. 2006, 118, 2279-2282
38. Chen, M.; Ghiggino, K. P.; Launikonis, A.; Mau, A. W. H.; Rizzardo, E.; Sasse, W. H. F.; Thang, S. H.; Wilson, G. J. RAFT Synthesis of Linear and Star-Shaped Light Harvesting Polymers Using Di- and Hexafunctional Ruthenium Polypyridine Reagents J. Mater. Chem. 2003, 13, 2696-2700
39. Perrier, S.; Takolpuckdee, P.; Mars, C. A. Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization: End Group Modification for Functionalized Polymers and Chain Transfer Agent Recovery Macromolecules 2005, 38, 2033-2036
40. Alivisatos, A. P. Perspectives on the Physical Chemistry of Semiconductor Nanocrystals J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 13226-13239
41. Katari, J.; Colvin, V.; Alivisatos, A. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of CdSe Nanocrystals with Applications to Studies of the Nanocrystal Surface J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 13226-13239
42. Aldana, J.; Wang, Y. A.; Peng, X. Photochemical Instability of CdSe Nanocrystals Coated by Hydrophilic Thiols J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 8844-8820
43. Howe, L.; Zhang, J. Z. Ultrafast Studies of Excited-State Dynamics of Phthalocyanine and Zinc Phthalocyanine Tetrasulfonate in Solution J. Phys. Chem. A. 1997, 101, 3207-3213
44. Campagna, S.; Puntoriero, F.; Nastasi, F.; Bergamini, G.; Balzani, V. Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds: Ruthenium Top. Curr. Chem. 2007, 280, 117-214
45. 2+ Science 1997, 275, 54-57
46. Yeh, A. T.; Shank, C. V.; McCusker, J. K. Ultrafast Electron Localization Dynamics Following Photoinduced Charge Transfer Science 2000, 289, 935-938
47. 2+ Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 3174-3176
48. 2+ in Water, Acetonitrile and Their Deuterated Derivatives: The Possible Role of Solvent in Excited-State Charge Localization J. Raman Spectrosc. 2001, 32, 481-485
49. 2+. Ultrafast Interligand Randomization of the MLCT State J. Phys. Chem. A 2005, 109, 4697-4704
50. 2+ in Aqueous and Acetonitrile Solutions J. Photochem. Photobiol., A: Chem. 1993, 70, 29-33
51. 2+ Science 1997, 275, 54-57
52. McCusker, J. K. Femtosecond Absorption Spectroscopy of Transition Metal Charge-Transfer Complexes Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36, 876-887
53. 3MLCT Excited State Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 2012, 11, 632-636
54. Tarnovsky, A. N.; Gawelda, W.; Johnson, M.; Bressler, C.; Chergui, M. Photoexcitation of Aqueous Ruthenium(II)-tris-(2,2′-bipyridine) with High-Intensity Femtosecond Laser Pulses J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 26497-26505
55. 2+) Chem. Phys. Lett. 1979, 62, 317-319
56. Schaller, R. D.; Sykora, M.; Jeong, S.; Klimov, V. I. High-Efficiency Carrier Multiplication and Ultrafast Charge Separation in Semiconductor Nanocrystals Studied Via Time-Resolved Photoluminescence J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 25332-25338
57. Knowles, K. E.; McArthur, E. A.; Weiss, E. A. A Multi-Timescale Map of Radiative and Non-Radiative Decay Pathways for Excitons in CdSe Quantum Dots ACS Nano 2011, 5, 2026-2035
58. Rajeshwar, K. Fundamentals of Semiconductor Electrochemistry and Photoelectrochemistry. In Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry; Bard, A.; Stratmann, M.; Licht, S., Eds.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2007; Vol. 6 (Semiconductor Electrodes and Photoelectrochemistry).
59. In Properties of Narrow Gap Cadmium-Dased Compounds; Capper, P., Ed.; INSPEC: London, 1994.
60. In Handbook of Electrochemistry; Zoski, C. G., Ed.; Elsevier Science Publishers: Amsterdam, 2007.
61. Marini, A.; Muñoz-Losa, A.; Biancardi, A.; Mennucci, B. What is Solvatochromism? J. Phys. Chem. B 2010, 114, 17128-17135
62. Oh, M. H. J.; Salvador, M. R.; Wong, C. Y.; Scholes, G. D. Three-Pulse Photon-Echo Peak Shift Spectroscopy and Its Application for the Study of Solvation and Nanoscale Excitons ChemPhysChem. 2011, 12, 88-100
63. Ooshika, Y. Absorption Spectra of Dyes in Solution J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 1954, 9, 594-602
64. McRae, E. G. Theory of Solvent Effects on Molecular Electronic Spectra. Frequency Shifts J. Phys. Chem. 1957, 61, 562-572
65. Mataga, N.; Kaifu, Y.; Koizumi, M. Solvent Effects Upon Fluorescence Spectra and the Dipole Moments of Excited Molecules Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1956, 29, 465-470
66. Mataga, N. Solvent Effects on the Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of Naphthylamines and Isomeric Aminobenzoic Acids Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 1963, 36, 654-662
67. Lippert, E. Dipolmoment und Elektronstrukturen von Angeregten Molekülen Z. Naturforsch. A 1955, 10, 541-545
68. Suppan, P. The Influence of the Medium on the Energy of Electronic States J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 1990, 50, 293-330
69. Tomasi, J.; Persico, M. Molecular Interactions in Solution: An Overview of Methods Based on Continuous Distributions of the Solvent Chem. Rev. 1994, 94, 2027-2094
70. Tomasi, J.; Mennucci, B.; Cammi, R. Quantum Mechanical Continuum Solvation Models Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 2999-3094
71. Cramer, C. J.; Truhlar, D. G. Implicit Solvation Models: Equilbiria, Structure, Spectra, and Dynamics Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 2161-2200
72. Reichardt, C. Solvatochromic Dyes as Solvent Polarity Indicators Chem. Rev. 1994, 94, 2319-2358
73. Bagchi, B.; Oxtoby, D. W.; Fleming, G. R. Theory of the Time Development of the Stokes Shift in Polar Media Chem. Phys. 1984, 86, 257-267
74. Maroncelli, M.; Fleming, G. R. Comparison of Time-Resolved Fluorescence Stokes Shift Measurements to a Molecular Theory of Solvation Dynamics J. Chem. Phys. 1988, 89, 875-881
75. Shim, M.; Guyot-Sionnest, P. Permanent Dipole Moment and Charges in Colloidal Semiconductor Quantum Dots J. Chem. Phys. 1999, 111, 6955-6964
76. Rabani, E.; Hetényi, B.; Berne, B.; Brus, L. E. Electronic Properties of CdSe Nanocrystals in the Absence and Presence of a Dielectric Medium J. Chem. Phys. 1999, 110, 5355-5369
77. Colvin, V. L.; Alivisatos, A. P. CdSe Nanocrystals with a Dipole Moment in the First Excited State J. Chem. Phys. 1992, 97, 730-733
78. Fisher, B. R.; Eisler, H.-J.; Stott, N. E.; Bawendi, M. G. Emission Intensity Dependence and Single-Exponential Behavior in Single Colloidal Quantum Dot Fluorescence Lifetimes J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 143-148
79. Jones, M.; Lo, S. S.; Scholes, G. D. Quantitative Modeling of the Role of Surface Traps in CdSe/CdS/ZnS Nanocrystal Photoluminescence Decay Dynamics Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2009, 106, 3011-3016
80. Klimov, V. I.; McBranch, D. W.; Leatherdale, C. A.; Bawendi, M. G. Electron and Hole Relaxation Pathways in Semiconductor Quantum Dots Phys. Rev. B 1999, 60, 13740-13749
81. Klimov, V. I. Optical Nonlinearities and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Semiconductor Nanocrystals J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 6112-6123
82. Efros, A. L.; Rosen, M. Random Telegraph Signal in the Photoluminescence Intensity of a Single Quantum Dot Phys. Rev. Lett. 1997, 78, 1110-1113
83. Ispasoiu., R. G.; Lee, J.; Papadimitrakopoulos, F.; Goodson, T., III. Surface Effects in the Fluorescence Ultra-Fast Dynamics from CdSe Nano-Crystals Chem. Phys. Lett. 2001, 340, 7-12
84. Frantsuzov, P. A.; Marcus, R. A. Explanation of Quantum Dot Blinking Without the Long-Lived Trap Hypothesis Phys. Rev. B 2005, 72, 155321
85. Bullen, C.; Mulvaney, P. The Effect of Chemisorption on the Luminescence of CdSe Quantum Dots Langmuir 2006, 22, 3007-3013
86. Kalyuzhny, G.; Murray, R. W. Ligand Effects on Optical Properties of CdSe Nanocrystals J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 7012-7021
87. Liu, I.-S.; Lo, H.-H.; Chien, C.-T.; Lin, Y.-Y.; Chen, C.-W.; Chen, Y.-F.; Su, W.-F.; Liou, S.-C. Enhancing Photoluminescence Quenching and Photoelectric Properties of CdSe Quantum Dots with Hole Accepting Ligands J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 675-682
88. Marcus, R. A. Electron Transfer Reactions in Chemistry: Theory and Experiment (Nobel Lecture) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 1111-1121
89. Kavarnos, G. J. Fundamentals of Photoinduced Electron Transfer; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1993.
90. In Photoinduced Electron Transfer; Fox, M. A.; Chanon, M., Eds.; Elsevier Science Publishers: Amsterdam, 1988.
91. Paddon-Row, M. Electron and Energy Transfer. In Stimulating Concepts in Chemistry; Vögtle, F.; Stoddart, J. F.; Shibasaki, M., Eds.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, 2000.
92. Sutin, N. Electron Transfer Reaction in Solution: A Historical Perspective. In Advances in Chemical Physics; Jortner, J.; Bixon, M., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1999; Vol. 107, Part 1.
93. Otsuka, T.; Iwamura, M.; Kaizu, Y. Effect of Ligand Congeniality on Energy Transfer Reaction Between Photo-Excited Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and Chromate(III) Complexes in Aqueous Solutions Inorg. Chim. Acta 2006, 359, 1351-1356
94. Scholes, G. D.; Jones, M.; Kumar, S. Energetics of Photoinduced Electron-Transfer Reactions Decided by Quantum Confinement J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 13777-13785
95. Vos, J. G.; Forster, R. J.; Keyes, T. E. Theoretical Framework for Electrochemical and Optical Processes. In Interfacial Supramolecular Assemblies; John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK, 2003.
96. Walker, G. C.; Bertan, D. N. Electron transfer reactions. In Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry; Moore, J. H.; Spencer, N. D., Eds.; Institute of Physics: Bristol, 2001; Vol. 3 (Applications).
97. Suppan, P. The Marcus Inverted Region Top. Curr. Chem. 1992, 163, 95-130