Social attention in a virtual public speaking task in higher functioning children with autism

Autism Research

Volumn 6, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 393-410

  Jarrold, William ^a,d   Mundy, Peter ^a,b   Gwaltney, Mary ^b   Bailenson, Jeremy ^c   Hatt, Naomi ^b   Mcintyre, Nancy ^b   Kim, Kwanguk ^a   Solomon, Marjorie ^a   Novotny, Stephanie ^b   Swain, Lindsay ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognition and learning; Individual differences; School aged development; Social attention

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; ATTENTION DISTURBANCE; AUTISM; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC SPEAKING; SCHOOL CHILD; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL COGNITION; SOCIAL INTERACTION; SOCIAL LEARNING; SOCIAL PHOBIA; STUDENT; VIRTUAL REALITY;

COGNITION AND LEARNING; INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES; SCHOOL-AGED DEVELOPMENT; SOCIAL ATTENTION;

ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT DISORDERS, PERVASIVE; FEMALE; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; INTELLIGENCE; LEARNING DISORDERS; MALE; PEER GROUP; PHOBIC DISORDERS; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIALIZATION; SPEECH; USER-COMPUTER INTERFACE;

EID: 84883740403     PISSN: 19393792     EISSN: 19393806     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/aur.1302     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Ames, C., & Fletcher-Watson, S. (2010). A review of methods in the study of attention in autism. Developmental Review, 30, 52-73.
2. Anderson, P., Zimand, E., Hodges, L., & Rothbaum, B. (2005). Cognitive behavioral therapy for public speaking anxiety using virtual reality for exposure. Depression and Anxiety, 22, 156-158.
3. Ashburner, J., Ziviani, J., & Rodger, S. (2010). Surviving in the mainstream: Capacity of children with autism spectrum disorders to perform academically and regulate their emotions and behavior at school. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 4, 18-27.
4. Bailenson, J.N., Yee, N., Blascovich, J., Beall, A.C., Lundblad, N., & Jin, M. (2008). The use of immersive virtual reality in the learning sciences: Digital transformations of teachers, students and social context. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 17, 102-141.
5. Bellini, S. (2004). Social skill deficits and anxiety in high-functioning adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 19, 78-86.
6. Bellini, S. (2006). The development of social anxiety in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 21, 138-145.
7. Belmonte, M., & Yurgelun-Todd, D. (2003) Functional anatomy of impaired selective attention and compensatory processing in autism. Cognitive Brain Research, 17, 651- 664.
8. Berument, S., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Pickles, A., & Bailey, A. (1999). Autism screening questionnaire: Diagnostic validity. British Journal of Psychiatry, 175, 444-451.
9. Bhat, A., Galloway, J., & Landa, R. (2010). Social and non-social visual attention patterns and associative learning in infants at risk for autism. Journal of Child Clinical Psychology, 51, 989-997.
10. Blakemore, S.-J., & Choudhury, S. (2006). Development of the adolescent brain: Implications for executive function and social cognition. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 296-312.
11. Bono, M., Daley, T., & Sigman, M. (2004). Relations among joint attention, amount of intervention and language gain in Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 495-505.
12. Breaux, K., & Frey, F. (2010). Wechsler individual achievement test, 3rd ed, Technology Report # 1, 1-8. San Antonio, TX: NCS Pearson, Inc.
13. Charman, T. (2003). Why is joint attention a pivotal skill in autism? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 358, 315-324.
14. Conners, K. (2004, 2010). Conners, 3rd ed. North Tonawanda, NY: Multihealth Systems.
15. Constantino, J. (2004). The Social Responsiveness Scale. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
16. Corsello, C., Hus, V., Pickles, A., Risi, S., Cook, E., Leventhal, B. & Lord, C. (2007). Between a ROC and a hard place: Decision making and making decisions about using the SCQ. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 932-940.
17. Cornwell, B., Johnson, L., Berardi, L., & Grillon, C. (2005). Anticipation of public speaking in virtual reality reveals a relationship between trait social anxiety and startle reactivity. Biological Psychiatry, 2006, 59, 664-666.
18. Davidson, R., Marshall, J., Tomarken, A., & Henriques, J. (2000). While the phobic waits: Regional brain electrical and autonomic activity in social phobics during anticipation of public speaking. Biological Psychiatry, 47, 85-95.
19. Dawson, G., Meltzoff, A., Osterling, J., Rinalidi, J., & Brown, E. (1998). Children with autism fail to orient to naturally occurring social stimuli. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28, 479-485.
20. Drahota, A., Wood, J., Sze, K., & Van Dyke, M. (2011). Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Daily Living Skills in Children with High-Functioning Autism and Concurrent Anxiety Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 257-265.
21. Ehlers, S., Gillberg, C., & Wing, L. (1999). A screening questionnaire for Asperger syndrome and other high-functioning autism spectrum disorders in school age children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 129-140.
22. Elison, J., Sasson, N., Turner-Brown, L., Dichter, G., & Bodfish, J. (2012). Age trends in visual exploration of social and nonsocial information in children with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6, 842-851.
23. Estes, A., Rivera, V., Bryan, M., Cali, P., & Dawson, G. (2011). Discrepancies between academic achievement and intellectual ability in higher-functioning school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 1044-1052.
24. Fletcher-Watson, S., Leeham, S., Benson, V., Frank, M., & Findlay, J. (2009). Eye-movements reveal attention to social information in autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychologia, 47, 248-257.
25. Freeth, M., Chapman, P., Ropar, D., & Mitchell, P. (2010). Do gaze cues in complex scenes capture and direct the attention of high functioning adolescents with ASD? Evidence from eye-tracking. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 534-547.
26. Im-Bolter, N., Johnson, J., & Pascual-Leone, J. (2006). Processing limitations in children with specific language impairment: The role of executive function. Child Development, 77, 1822-1841.
27. Kadesjo, B., Gillberg, C., & Hagberg, B. (1999). Brief report: Autism and Asperger syndrome in seven-year-old children: A total population study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 327-331.
28. Kail, R. (2000). Speed of information processing: Developmental change and links to intelligence. Journal of School Psychology, 38, 51-61.
29. Kandalaft, M., Didehbana, N., Krawczyk, D., Allen, T., & Chapman, S. (2013). Virtual reality social cognition training for young adults with high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 34-44.
30. Kasari, C., Gulsrud, A., Wong, C., Kwon, C., & Locke, J. (2006). Randomized control caregiver mediated joint engagement intervention for toddlers with Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1045-1056.
31. Kasari, C., Paparella, T., Freeman, S., & Jahromi, L.B. (2008). Language outcome in autism: Randomized comparison of joint attention and play interventions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 125-137.
32. Kim, K., & Mundy, P. (2012). Joint attention, social cognition and recognition memory in adults. Frontiers in Neuroscience Special Topic: Towards a Neuroscience of Social Interaction, 6, 1-11.
33. Klin, A. (1991). Young autistic children's listening preferences in regard to speech: A possible characterization of the symptom of social withdrawal. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21, 29-41.
34. Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., Volkmar, F., & Cohen, D. (2002). Visual fixation patterns during viewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 809-816.
35. Koolen, S., Vissers, C., Hendriks, A., Egger, J., & Verhoven, L. (2012). The interplay between attentional strategies and language processing in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 805-814.
36. Lee, D.O., & Ousley, O.Y. (2006). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a clinic sample of children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 16, 737-746.
37. Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E., Leventhal, B., Dilavore, P., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000). The Autism Diagnostic Schedule-Generic: A Standard Measure of social communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 205-223.
38. Luna, B., Doll, S., Hegedus, J., Minshew, N., & Sweeney, J. (2007). Maturation of executive functions in autism. Biological Psychiatry, 61, 474-481.
39. Machalicek, W., O'Reilly, M.F., Beretvas, N., Sigafoos, J., Lanciono, G., Sorrells, A., etal. (2008). A review of school-based instructional interventions for students with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2, 395-416.
40. March, J., James, D., Sullivan, K., Stallings, P., & Conners, K. (1997). Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC): Factor structure, reliability, and validity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 554-565.
41. Matheis, R.J., Schultheis, M.T., Tiersky, L.A., DeLuca, J., Millis, S.R., & Rizzo, A. (2007). Is learning and memory different in a virtual environment? Clinical Neuropsychology, 21, 146-161.
42. Mayes, S.D., & Calhoun, S.L. (2008). WISC-IV and WIAT-II profiles in children with high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 428-439.
43. Mitchell, P., Parsons, S., & Leonard, A. (2007). Using virtual environments for teaching social understanding to 6 adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 589-600.
44. Moore, D., Cheng, Y., McGrath, P., & Powell, N.J. (2005). Collaborative virtual environment technology for people with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disorders, 20, 231-243.
45. Mundy, P. (1995). Joint attention and social emotional approach behavior in children with autism. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 63-82.
46. Mundy, P. (2003). The neural basis of social impairments in autism: The role of the dorsal medial-frontal cortex and anterior cingulate system. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 44, 793-809.
47. Mundy, P. (2013). A neural networks, information processing model of joint attention and social-cognitive development. In P. Zelazo (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of developmental psychology, Vol. 2, Self and Other (pp. 217-241). New York: Oxford University Press.
48. Mundy, P., & Jarrold, W. (2010). Infant joint attention, neural networks and social-cognition. Neural Networks, Special Issue, Social-Cognition: From Babies to Robots, 23, 985-997.
49. Mundy, P., Mastergeorge, A., & McIntyre, N. (2012). The effects of autism on social learning and social attention. In P. Mundy & A. Mastergeorge (Eds.), Autism for educators, Vol. 1, Translating research to schools and classrooms (Chapter 1, pp. 3-34). San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.
50. Mundy, P., & Neal, R. (2000). Neural plasticity, joint attention and a transactional social orienting model of autism. International Review of Research in Mental Retardation, 23, 139-168.
51. Mundy, P., & Newell, L. (2007). Attention, joint attention and social cognition. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 269-274.
52. Mundy, P., Sigman, M., Ungerer, J., & Sherman, T. (1986). Defining the social deficits of autism: The contribution of nonverbal communication measures. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 27, 657-669.
53. Mundy, P., Sullivan, L., & Mastergeorge, A. (2009). A parallel and distributed processing model of joint attention and autism. Autism Research, 2, 2-21.
54. Newman, L. (2007). Secondary school experience of students with autism: Facts from the NLTS2. Institute for Educational Sciences (IES); downloaded from http://www.nlts2.org.
55. Noland, J., Reznick, J., Stone, W., Walden, T., & Sheridan, E. (2010). Better working memory for non-social targets in infant siblings of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Developmental Science, 13, 244-251.
56. O'Hearn, K., Schroer, E., Minshew, N., & Luna, B. (2010). Lack of developmental improvement on a face memory task during adolescence in autism. Neuropsychologia, 48, 3955-3960.
57. Parsons, T.D., Bowerly, T., Buckwalter, J.G., & Rizzo, A.A. (2006). A controlled clinical comparison of attention performance in children with ADHD in a virtual reality classroom compared to standard neuropsychological methods. Child Neuropsychology, 13, 363-381.
58. Parsons, S., Guldberg, K., MacLeod, A., Jones, G., Prunty, A. (2011). International review of the evidence on best practice in educational provision for children on the autism spectrum. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 26, 47-63.
59. Pelphrey, K., & Carter, E. (2008). Charting the typical and atypical social brain. Developmental and Psychopathology, 20, 1081-1102.
60. Picard, R.W. (2009). Future affective technology for autism and emotion communication. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364, 3575-3584.
61. Posserud, M., Lundervold, A., & Gillberg, C. (2006). Autistic features in a total population of 7-9 year-old children assessed by the ASSQ (Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 167-175.
62. Rizzo, A.A., Bowerly, T., Buckwalter, J.G., Klimchuk, D., Mitura, R., & Parsons, T.D. (2006). A virtual reality scenario for all seasons: The virtual classroom. CNS Spectrum, 11, 35-44.
63. Robins, D.L., Fein, D., Barton, M.L., & Green, J.A. (2001). The modified checklist for autism in toddlers: An initial study investigating the early detection of autism and pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31, 131-144.
64. Rutter, M., Bailey, A., Lord, C., & Berument, S. (2003). The Social Communication Questionnaire. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological.
65. Schultz, R. (2005). Developmental Deficits in social perception in autism: The role of the amygdale and the fusiform face area. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 23, 125-141.
66. Schwartz, C., Bente, G., Gawronski, A., Schilbach, L., & Vogeley, K. (2010). Responses to nonverbal behavior of dynamic virtual characters in high-functioning autism. Journal Autism Developmental Disorders, 40, 100-111.
67. Sinzig, J., Morsch, D., & Lehmkuhl, G. (2008). Do hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention have an impact on the ability of facial affect recognition in children with autism and ADHD? European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 17, 63-72.
68. Sinzig, J., Walter, D., & Doepfner, M. (2009). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: Symptom or syndrome. Journal of Attention Disorders, 13, 117-126.
69. Sukhodolsky, D., Scahill, L., Gadow, K., Arnold, L., Aman, M., McDougle, C., McCracken, J., Tierney, E., Williams, W., Lecavalier, L., & Vitiello, B. (2008). Parent-Rated Anxiety Symptoms in Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders: Frequency and Association with Core Autism Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 117-128.
70. Sumpter, S., Bokhorst, C., Miers, A., van Pelt, J., & Westenberg, P. (2010). Age and puberty difference in stress responses during and public speaking task: Do adolescents grow more sensitive to social evaluation? Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35, 1510-1516.
71. van West, D., Claes, S., & Beboutte, D. (2009). Differences in hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis functioning among children with ADHD predominantly inattentive and combined types. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 18, 543-553.
72. Wechsler, D. (1999). Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. The Psychological Corporation: Harcourt Brace & Company. New York, NY.
73. White, S., Scahill, L., Klin, A., Koenig, K., & Volkmar, F. (2007). Educational placements and service use patterns of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 1403-1412.
74. Wood, J.J., Drahota, A., Sze, K., Har, K., Chiu, A., & Langer, D.A. (2009). Cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorders: A randomized, controlled trial. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50, 224-234.
75. Yerys, B.E., Wallace, G.L., Sokoloff, J.L., Shook, D.A., James, J.D., & Kenworthy, L. (2009). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms moderate cognition and behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders. International Society for Autism Research, 2, 322-333.