A New Path to Grandparenthood: Parents of Sperm and Egg Donors

Journal of Family Issues

Volumn 34, Issue 10, 2013, Pages 1295-1316

  Beeson, Diane ^a   Jennings, Patricia ^a   Kramer, Wendy ^b  

^a CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Donor Sibling Registry   (United States)

Author keywords

assisted reproductive technology; egg donor; family processes; grandparents; intergenerational; sperm donor

Indexed keywords

EID: 84883328981     PISSN: 0192513X     EISSN: 15525481     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0192513X13489299     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Althuis M. D.,Moghissi K. S.,Westhoff C. L.,Scoccia B.,Lamb E. J.,Lubin J. H.,Brinton L. A.Uterine cancer after use of clomiphene citrate to induce ovulation.American Journal of Epidemiology. 2005;161:607-615.
2. Guidelines for therapeutic donor insemination: Sperm.Fertility and Sterility. 1993;59 (2): 1S-9S.
3. Informing offspring of their conception by gamete donation.Fertility and Sterility. 2004;81:527-531.
4. 2008 Guidelines for gamete and embryo donation: Practice Committee report.Fertility and Sterility. 2008;90:S30-S40.
5. Beeson D.,Jennings P.,Kramer W.Offspring searching for their sperm donors: How family type shapes the process.Human Reproduction. 2011;26:2415-2424.
6. Behrman S. J.Artificial insemination.Fertility and Sterility. 1959;10:248-258.
7. Bernstein G.Regulating reproductive technologies: Timing, uncertainty, and donor anonymity.Boston University Law Review. 2010;90:1189-1219.
8. Brewaeys A.,de Bruyn J. K.,Louwe L. A.,Helmerhorst F. M.Anonymous or identity-registered sperm donors? A study of Dutch recipients' choices.Human Reproduction. 2005;20:820-824.
9. Cahill L. S.New ways of making babies: The case of egg donation. Cohen C. B., ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; 1996:70-87.
10. Cahn N.Test-tube families: Why the fertility market needs legal regulation. New York: New York University Press; 2009:.
11. Cahn N.Old lessons for a new world: Applying adoption research and experience to assisted reproductive technology.Journal of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers. 2011;24:1-31.
12. Calderon-Margalit R.,Friedlander Y.,Yanetz R.,Kleinhaus K.,Perrin M. C.,Manor O.,Paltiel O.Cancer risk after exposure to treatments for ovulation induction.American Journal of Epidemiology. 2009;169:365-375.
13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). 2009 Assisted reproductive technology: Success rates national summary and fertility clinic reports. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/art/.
14. Cohen C. B.New ways of making babies: The case of egg donation. Cohen C. B., ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; 1996:88-105.
15. Corea G.The mother machine: Reproductive technologies from artificial insemination to artificial wombs. London, England: Women's Press; 1988:.
16. Critser J. K.Current status of semen banking in the USA.Human Reproduction. 1998;13:55-67.
17. Daniels K.To give or sell human gametes: The interplay between pragmatics, policy and ethics.Journal of Medical Ethics. 2000;26:206-211.
18. Daniels K.,Golden J.Procreative compounds: Popular eugenics, artificial insemination and the rise of the American sperm banking industry.Journal of Social History. 2004;38:5-27.
19. Daniels K.,Taylor K.Secrecy and openness in donor insemination.Politics and the Life Sciences. 1993;12:155-170.
20. Dickenson D.Body shopping: The economy fuelled by flesh and blood. Oxford, England: Oneworld Press; 2008:.
21. Dolgin J.Defining the family: Law, technology, and reproduction in an uneasy age. New York: New York University Press; 1997:.
22. Duster T.Backdoor to eugenics. New York, NY: Routledge; 1990:.
23. Freeman T.,Jadva V.,Kramer W.,Golombok S.Gamete donation: Parents experiences of searching for their child's donor siblings and donor.Human Reproduction. 2009;25:505-516.
24. Frith L.Gamete donation and anonymity: The ethical and legal debate.Human Reproduction. 2001;16:818-824.
25. Gupta J.Parenthood in the era of reproductive outsourcing and global assemblages.Asian Journal of Women's Studies. 2012;18:7-29.
26. Hubbard R.Genomania and health.American Scientist. 1995;83:8-10.
27. Human Fertility and Embryonic Authority. (2009). HFEA to "Open the Register" for donors, the donor-conceived and for researchers. Retrieved from http://www.hfea.gov.uk/5469.html.
28. Jadva V.,Freeman T.,Kramer W.,Golombok S.The experiences of adolescents and adults conceived by sperm donation: Comparisons by age of disclosure and family type.Human Reproduction. 2009;24:1909-1919.
29. Jadva V.,Freeman T.,Kramer W.,Golombok S.Experiences of offspring searching for and contacting their donor siblings.Reproductive BioMedicine Online. 2010;20:523-532.
30. Jadva V.,Freeman T.,Kramer W.,Golombok S.Sperm and oocyte donors' experiences of anonymous donation and subsequent contact with their donor offspring.Human Reproduction. 2011;26:638-645.
31. Katz-Rothman B.The tentative pregnancy: Prenatal diagnosis and the future of motherhood. New York, NY: Penguin Books; 1986:.
32. Katz-Rothman B.Genetic maps and human imaginations: The limits of science in understanding who we are. New York, NY: W. W. Norton; 1998:.
33. Kirkman M.Parents' contributions to the narrative identity of offspring of donor-assisted conception.Social Science & Medicine. 2003;57:2229-2242.
34. Leiblum S. R.,Palmer M. G.,Spector I. P.Non-traditional mothers: Single heterosexual/lesbian women and lesbian couples electing motherhood via donor insemination.Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1995;16:11-20.
35. Levine A.Self-regulation, compensation, and the ethical recruitment of oocyte donors.Hastings Center Report. 2010;40:25-36.
36. Levine A. Paper presented at Qatar International Conference on Stem Cell Science and Policy; 2012Doha, Qatar; 2012.
37. Lippman A.Prenatal genetic testing and screening: Constructing needs and reinforcing inequities.American Journal of Law & Medicine. 1991;17:15-50.
38. Lippman A.Prenatal genetic testing and geneticization: Mother matters for all.Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 1993;8:S175-S188.
39. Macklin R.New ways of making babies: The case of egg donation. Cohen C. B., ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; 1996:106-121.
40. Mahlstedt P. P.,LaBounty K.,Kennedy W. T.The views of adult offspring of sperm donation: Essential feedback for the development of ethical guidelines within the practice of assisted reproductive technology in the United States.Fertility and Sterility. 2010;93:2236-2246.
41. Murray T. H.New ways of making babies: The case of egg donation. Cohen C. B., ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; 1996:51-69.
42. Nelkin D.,Lindee M. S.The DNA mystique: The gene as cultural icon. New York, NY: W. H. Freeman; 1995:.
43. Pearson H.Health effects of egg donation may take decades to emerge.Nature. 2006;442:607-608.
44. Rapp R.Testing women, testing the fetus: The social impact of amniocentesis in America. New York, NY: Routledge; 2000:.
45. Ravitsky V.Conceived and deceived: The medical interests of donor-conceived individuals.Hastings Center Report. 2012;42:17-22.
46. Scheib J. E.,Riordan M.,Rubin S.Adolescents with open-identity sperm donors: Reports from 12-17 year olds.Human Reproduction. 2005;20:239-252.
47. Scheib J. E.,Ruby A.Contact among families who share the same sperm donor.Fertility and Sterility. 2008;90:33-43.
48. Schneider J.Fatal colon cancer in a young egg donor: A physician mother's call for follow-up and research on the long-term risks of ovarian stimulation.Fertility and Sterility. 2008;90:e1-e5.
49. Spar D.The baby business: How money, science, and politics drive the commerce of conception. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press; 2006:.
50. Stack C.,Burton L.Kinscripts.Journal of Comparative Family Studies. 1993;2:157-170.
51. StarrS. (2011, October). Drastic changes to sperm and egg donation policy made by the HFEA. BioNews. Retrieved from http://www.bionews.org.uk/page_110107.asp.
52. Triseliotis J.,Feast J.,Kyle F.The adoption triangle revisited: A study of adoption, search and reunion experiences. London, England: BAAF; 2005:.
53. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2009). Child adoptions: Trends and policies. Retrieved from www.un.org/esa/population/publications/adoption2010/child_adoption.pdf.
54. United States Department of Energy Office of Science. (2011). Human genome project information. Retrieved from http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/home.shtml.
55. Victorian Assisted Reproductive Treatment Authority. (2012). Regulation of assisted reproduction in Victoria. Retrieved from www.varta.org.au/regulation-of-art-in-victoria/w1/i1003267/.