Conceived and Deceived: The Medical Interests of Donor-Conceived Individuals

Hastings Center Report

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 17-22

  Ravitsky, Vardit ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION; CANADA; COUNSELING; DECEPTION; FAMILY; FERTILIZATION; GENETIC DISORDER; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; GENETICS; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; LEGAL ASPECT; REGISTER; SIBLING; UNITED STATES;

CANADA; COUNSELING; DECEPTION; FAMILY; FERTILIZATION; GENETIC DISEASES, INBORN; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; INSEMINATION, ARTIFICIAL, HETEROLOGOUS; REGISTRIES; SIBLINGS; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON;

EID: 84861934860     PISSN: 00930334     EISSN: 1552146X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hast.9     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. E. Blyth and L. Frith, "Donor-Conceived People's Access to Genetic and Biographical History: An Analysis of Provisions in Different Jurisdictions Permitting Disclosure of Donor Identity, " International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family 23, no. 2 (2009): 174-91.
2. N. Cahn and W. Kramer, "The Birth of Donor Offspring Rights in the USA?" BioNews no. 613, June 27, 2011.
3. Engrossed Second Substitute House Bill 1267-Uniform Parentage Act. See page 34, sec. 53 (2)(a).
4. Engrossed Second Substitute House Bill 1267-Uniform Parentage Act, page 35, sec. 53 (2)(b).
5. A. Module, "Canadian Court Bans Anonymous Sperm and Egg Donation, " Nature News, May 27, 2011, at http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110527/full/news.2011.329.html.
6. Canadian Donor Offspring, at http://www.canadiandonoroff-spring.ca/cdo_DCA_olivia.html.
7. Pratten v. British Columbia (Attorney General), 2011 BCSC 656, Supreme Court of British Columbia, May 19, 2011.
8. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, at http://laws-lois.jus-tice.gc.ca/eng/charter/CHART_E.PDF.
9. E. Blyth and M. Crawshaw, "Countdown Begins for Ending Donor Anonymity in British Columbia: Lessons for Us All?" BioNews no. 610, June 6, 2011.
10. GJ. Annas, "Assisted Reproduction-Canada's Supreme Court and the 'Global Baby, '" New England Journal of Medicine 365 (2011): 459-63.
11. Rose v. Secretary of State for Health, [2002] EWHC 1593 (Admin.).
12. L. Frith, "Beneath the Rhetoric: The Role of Rights in the Practice of Non-Anonymous Gamete Donation, " Bioethics 15, nos. 5/6 (2001): 473-84.
13. V. Ravitsky, "'Knowing Where You Come From': The Rights of Donor-Conceived Individuals and the Meaning of Genetic Relatedness, " Minnesota Journal of Law, Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (2010): 655-84.
14. E. Blyth et al., "The Role of Birth Certifcates in Relation to Access to Biographical and Genetic History in Donor Conception, " International Journal of Children's Rights 17, no. 2 (2009): 207-223.
15. See G. McGee et al., "Gamete Donation and Anonymity: Disclosure to Children Conceived with Donor Gametes Should Not Be Optional, " Human Reproduction 16, no. 10 (2001): 2033-36.
16. P. Patrizio et al., "Disclosure to Children Conceived with Donor Gametes Should Be Optional, " Human Reproduction 16, no. 10 (2001): 2036-38.
17. See the Donor Conception Network, at http://www.donor-con-ception-network.org/, and the Donor Sibling Registry, at http://www.donorsiblingregistry.com/.
18. See VARTA: Victorian Assisted Reproductive Treatment Authority, at http://www.varta.org.au/talking-to-and-supporting-your-child/wl/il003190/.
19. Blyth and Frith, "Donor-Conceived People's Access to Genetic and Biographical History."
20. See Bio-Dad, directed by Barry Stevens, at http://www.cbc.ca/documentaries/doczone/2009/biodad/, and Donor Unknown: Adventures in the Sperm Trade, directed by Jerry Rothwell, at http://www.do-norunknown.com/flm-home.
21. Donor Sibling Registry, at http://www.donorsiblingregistry.com/.
22. A. Motluk, "Anonymous Sperm DonorTraced on Internet, " New Scientist, November 3, 2005.
23. J.E. Scheib and RA. Cushing, "Open-Identity Donor Insemination in the United States: Is It on the Rise?" Fertility and Sterility 88, no. 1 (2007): 231-32.
24. K.M. Dougall et al., "Strategies for Disclosure: How Parents Approach Telling Their Children That They Were Conceived with Donor Gametes, " Fertility and Sterility 87, no. 3 (2007): 524-33; C. Murray and S. Golombok, "To Tell or Not to Tell: The Decision-Making Process of Egg-Donation Parents, " Human Fertility 6, no. 2 (2003): 89-95; M. Hunter, N. Salter-Ling, and L. Glover, "Donor Insemination: Telling Children about Their Origins, " Child Psychology and Psychiatry Review 5, no. 4 (2000): 157-63.
25. C. Murray and S. Golombok, "To Tell or Not to Tell: The Decision-Making Process of Egg-Donation Parents, " Human Fertility 6, no. 2 (2003).: 89-95;
26. M. Hunter, N. Salter-Ling, and L. Glover, "Donor Insemination: Telling Children about Their Origins, " Child Psychology and Psychiatry Review 5, no. 4 (2000): 157-63.
27. M. Somerville, "Donor Conception and Children's Rights: 'First, Do No Harm, '" Canadian Medical Association Journal 183 (2011): 280.
28. State of the Science Panel Statement, "Family History and Improving Health, " at: http://consensus.nih.gov/2009/Fhx%20images/familyhistory_final_stmt.pdf.
29. ASRM Practice Committee, "2008 Guidelines for Gamete and Embryo Donation, " Fertility and Sterility 90, no. 5, suppl. (2008): S30-S44.
30. Reference re Assisted Human Reproduction Act, 2010 SCC 61, [2010] 3 S.C.R. 457, Supreme Court of Canada, December 22, 2010.
31. The ASRM recommends an age limit of forty for sperm donors because "increased male age is associated with progressive increase in the prevalence of aneuploid sperm, " and an age range of twenty-one to thirty-four for egg donors; ASRM Practice Committee, "2008 Guidelines for Gamete and Embryo Donation, " S32 and S37.
32. B. Pinto, "When Anonymous Egg Donors Have Genetic Diseases, " ABC News Health, March 28, 2008, at http://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?id=4544449&page=l.
33. LA. Boxer et al., "Strong Evidence for Autosomal Dominant Inheritance of Severe Congenital Neutropenia Associated with ELA2 Mutations, " Journal of Pediatrics 148, no. 5 (2006): 633-36.
34. D. Grady, "Sperm Donor Seen as Source of Disease in 5 Children, " New York Times, May 19, 2006.
35. S. Donaldson James, "Sperm Donor's 24 Kids Never Told About Fatal Illness, " ABC News, July 21, 2011, at http://abcnews.go.com/Health/sperm-donors-24-children-told-fatal-illness-medical/story?id=14115344.
36. B. Rochman, "Where Do (Some) Babies Come From? In Washington, A New Law Bans Anonymous Sperm and Egg Donors, " TIME Healthland, July 22, 2011.
37. J. Mroz, "One Sperm Donor, 150 Offspring, " New York Times, September 5, 2011; "Setting a Limit: Cap Must Be Established on the Use of Sperm Donors, " Calgary Herald Health, September 10, 2011.
38. L.T. Bradley et al., "Altruistic Semen Donation in Canada: A Pilot Study, " Fertility and Sterility 84, suppl. 1 (2005): S235
39. A. Del Valle, L. Bradley, and T. Said, "Anonymous Semen Donor Recruitment without Reimbursement in Canada, " Reproductive BioMedicine Online 17, suppl. 1 (2008):15-20.