Coupling membrane Elasticity and structure to protein function

Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes

Volumn 18, Issue , 2013, Pages 81-109

  Pabst, Georg ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

Author keywords

Ion channels; Lateral pressure profile; Lipid domains; Lipid protein interactions; Membrane elasticity

Indexed keywords

EID: 84883017286     PISSN: 15544516     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-411515-6.00004-7     Document Type: Chapter

References (124)

1. Heberle F.A., Feigenson G.W. Phase separation in lipid membranes. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 2011, 3:a004630.
2. Israelachvili J. Intermolecular and Surface Forces 1991, Academic Press, London.
3. Feigenson G.W. Phase diagrams and lipid domains in multicomponent lipid bilayer mixtures. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1788:47-52.
4. Lingwood D., Simons K. Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science 2010, 327:46-50.
5. Gruner S.M. Intrinsic curvature hypothesis for biomembrane lipid composition: a role for nonbilayer lipids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1985, 82:3665-3669.
6. van Meer G., Voelker D.R., Feigenson G.W. Membrane lipids: where they are and how they behave. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2008, 9:112-124.
7. Lohner K., Sevcsik E., Pabst G. Liposome-based biomembrane mimetic systems: implications for lipid-peptide interactions. Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes 2008, vol. 6:103-137. Elsevier, Amsterdam. A. Leitmannova-Liu (Ed.).
8. Palinski W., Horkko S., Miller E., Steinbrecher U.P., Powell H.C., Curtiss L.K., Witztum J.L. Cloning of monoclonal autoantibodies to epitopes of oxidized lipoproteins from apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Demonstration of epitopes of oxidized low density lipoprotein in human plasma. J. Clin. Invest. 1996, 98:800-814.
9. Berliner J.A., Watson A.D. A role for oxidized phospholipids in atherosclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005, 353:9-11.
10. Winyard P.G., Tatzber F., Esterbauer H., Kus M.L., Blake D.R., Morris C.J. Presence of foam cells containing oxidised low density lipoprotein in the synovial membrane from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 1993, 52:677-680.
11. Kanter J.L., Narayana S., Ho P.P., Catz I., Warren K.G., Sobel R.A., Steinman L., Robinson W.H. Lipid microarrays identify key mediators of autoimmune brain inflammation. Nat. Med. 2006, 12:138-143.
12. Dei R., Takeda A., Niwa H., Li M., Nakagomi Y., Watanabe M., Inagaki T., Washimi Y., Yasuda Y., Horie K., Miyata T., Sobue G. Lipid peroxidation and advanced glycation end products in the brain in normal aging and in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol. 2002, 104:113-122.
13. Imai Y., Kuba K., Neely G.G., Yaghubian-Malhami R., Perkmann T., van Loo G., Ermolaeva M., Veldhuizen R., Leung Y.H., Wang H., Liu H., Sun Y., Pasparakis M., Kopf M., Mech C., Bavari S., Peiris J.S., Slutsky A.S., Akira S., Hultqvist M., Holmdahl R., Nicholls J., Jiang C., Binder C.J., Penninger J.M. Identification of oxidative stress and Toll-like receptor 4 signaling as a key pathway of acute lung injury. Cell 2008, 133:235-249.
14. Ikura Y., Ohsawa M., Suekane T., Fukushima H., Itabe H., Jomura H., Nishiguchi S., Inoue T., Naruko T., Ehara S., Kawada N., Arakawa T., Ueda M. Localization of oxidized phosphatidylcholine in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: impact on disease progression. Hepatology 2006, 43:506-514.
15. Vidali M., Stewart S.F., Albano E. Interplay between oxidative stress and immunity in the progression of alcohol-mediated liver injury. Trends Mol. Med. 2008, 14:63-71.
16. Seddon J.M., Templer R.H. Polymorphism of lipid water systems. Handbook of Biological Physics 1995, vol. 1:97-160. Elsevier, North-Holland, Amsterdam. R. Lipowsky, E. Sackmann (Eds.).
17. Cantor R.S. Lateral pressures in cell membranes: a mechanism for modulation of protein function. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101:1723-1725.
18. Cantor R.S. The lateral pressure profile in membranes: a physical mechanism of general anesthesia. Biochemistry 1997, 36:2339-2344.
19. Ben Shaul A. Molecular theory of chain packing, elasticity and lipid-protein interaction in lipid bilayers. Handbook of Biological Physics 1995, vol. 1:359-401. Elsevier, Amsterdam. R. Lipowsky, E. Sackmann (Eds.).
20. Jerabek H., Pabst G., Rappolt M., Stockner T. Membrane-mediated effect on ion channels induced by the anesthetic drug ketamine. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132:7990-7997.
21. Helfrich W. Amphiphilic mesophases made of defects. Physics of Defects 1981, 716-755. North-Holland Publishing, Amsterdam. R. Balian, M. Kleman, J.P. Poirier (Eds.).
22. Kozlov M.M., Winterhalter M. Elastic-moduli for strongly curved monolayers-position of the neutral surface. J. Phys. Ii 1991, 1:1077-1084.
23. Shearman G.C., Ces O., Templer R.H., Seddon J.M. Inverse lyotropic phases of lipids and membrane curvature. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2006, 18:S1105-S1124.
24. Hilf R.J., Dutzler R. X-ray structure of a prokaryotic pentameric ligand-gated ion channel. Nature 2008, 452:375-379.
25. Hilf R.J., Dutzler R. Structure of a potentially open state of a proton-activated pentameric ligand-gated ion channel. Nature 2009, 457:115-118.
26. Templer R.H., Castle S.J., Curran A.R., Rumbles G., Klug D.R. Sensing isothermal changes in the lateral pressure in model membranes using di-pyrenyl phosphatidylcholine. Faraday Discuss. 1998, 111:41-53.
27. Gawrisch K., Holte L.L. NMR investigations of non-lamellar phase promoters in the lamellar phase state. Chem. Phys. Lipids 1996, 81:105-116.
28. Ollila O.H., Vattulainen I. Lateral pressure profiles in lipid membranes: dependence on molecular composition. Molecular Simulations and Biomembranes 2010, 26-55. RSC Publishing, London. M.S. Sansom, P.C. Biggin (Eds.).
29. Ollila O.H., Risselada H.J., Louhivuori M., Lindahl E., Vattulainen I., Marrink S.J. 3D pressure field in lipid membranes and membrane-protein complexes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2009, 102:078101.
30. Hu M., Briguglio J.J., Deserno M. Determining the Gaussian curvature modulus of lipid membranes in simulations. Biophys. J. 2012, 102:1403-1410.
31. Zhan H., Lazaridis T. Inclusion of lateral pressure/curvature stress effects in implicit membrane models. Biophys. J. 2013, 104:643-654.
32. Khelashvili G., Harries D. How cholesterol tilt modulates the mechanical properties of saturated and unsaturated lipid membranes. J. Phys. Chem. B 2013, 117:2411-2421.
33. Cantor R.S. The influence of membrane lateral pressures on simple geometric models of protein conformational equilibria. Chem. Phys. Lipids 1999, 101:45-56.
34. Pabst G., Boulgaropoulos B., Gander E., Sarangi B.R., Amenitsch H., Raghunathan V.A., Laggner P. Effect of ceramide on nonraft proteins. J. Membr. Biol. 2009, 231:125-132.
35. Samuli Ollila O.H., Louhivuori M., Marrink S.J., Vattulainen I. Protein shape change has a major effect on the gating energy of a mechanosensitive channel. Biophys. J. 2011, 100:1651-1659.
36. Zimmerberg J., Kozlov M.M. How proteins produce cellular membrane curvature. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2006, 7:9-19.
37. Laggner P., Lohner K. Liposome phase systems as membrane activity sensors for peptides. Lipid Bilayers: Structure and Interactions, Biological Physics Series 2000, 233-264. Springer, Berlin, (Chapter 11). J. Katsaras, T. Gutberlet (Eds.).
38. van der Wel P.C., Pott T., Morein S., Greathouse D.V., Koeppe R.E., Killian J.A. Tryptophan-anchored transmembrane peptides promote formation of nonlamellar phases in phosphatidylethanolamine model membranes in a mismatch-dependent manner. Biochemistry 2000, 39:3124-3133.
39. Hickel A., Danner-Pongratz S., Amenitsch H., Degovics G., Rappolt M., Lohner K., Pabst G. Influence of antimicrobial peptides on the formation of nonlamellar lipid mesophases. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2008, 1778:2325-2333.
40. Huang H.W. Action of antimicrobial peptides: two-state model. Biochemistry 2000, 39:8347-8352.
41. Dan N., Pincus P., Safran S.A. Membrane-induced interactions between inclusions. Langmuir 1993, 9:2768-2771.
42. Dan N., Safran S.A. Effect of lipid characteristics on the structure of transmembrane proteins. Biophys. J. 1998, 75:1410-1414.
43. Killian J.A. Synthetic peptides as models for intrinsic membrane proteins. FEBS Lett. 2003, 555:134-138.
44. Montecucco C., Smith G.A., Dabbeni-sala F., Johannsson A., Galante Y.M., Bisson R. Bilayer thickness and enzymatic activity in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and ATPase complex. FEBS Lett. 1982, 144:145-148.
45. Johannsson A., Smith G.A., Metcalfe J.C. The effect of bilayer thickness on the activity of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1981, 641:416-421.
46. Johannsson A., Keightley C.A., Smith G.A., Richards C.D., Hesketh T.R., Metcalfe J.C. The effect of bilayer thickness and n-alkanes on the activity of the (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-dependent ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 1981, 256:1643-1650.
47. Froud R.J., East J.M., Jones O.T., Lee A.G. Effects of lipids and long-chain alkyl derivatives on the activity of (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase. Biochemistry 1986, 25:7544-7552.
48. Perozo E., Kloda A., Cortes D.M., Martinac B. Physical principles underlying the transduction of bilayer deformation forces during mechanosensitive channel gating. Nat. Struct. Biol. 2002, 9:696-703.
49. Huang H.W. Deformation free energy of bilayer membrane and its effect on gramicidin channel lifetime. Biophys. J. 1986, 50:1061-1070.
50. Nielsen C., Andersen O.S. Inclusion-induced bilayer deformations: effects of monolayer equilibrium curvature. Biophys. J. 2000, 79:2583-2604.
51. Marsh D. Energetics of hydrophobic matching in lipid-protein interactions. Biophys. J. 2008, 94:3996-4013.
52. Lundbaek J.A., Collingwood S.A., Ingolfsson H.I., Kapoor R., Andersen O.S. Lipid bilayer regulation of membrane protein function: gramicidin channels as molecular force probes. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010, 7:373-395.
53. Mondal S., Khelashvili G., Shan J., Andersen O.S., Weinstein H. Quantitative modeling of membrane deformations by multihelical membrane proteins: application to G-protein coupled receptors. Biophys. J. 2011, 101:2092-2101.
54. Nyholm T.K., van Duyl B., Rijkers D.T., Liskamp R.M., Killian J.A. Probing the lipid-protein interface using model transmembrane peptides with a covalently linked acyl chain. Biophys. J. 2011, 101:1959-1967.
55. Powl A.M., East J.M., Lee A.G. Different effects of lipid chain length on the two sides of a membrane and the lipid annulus of MscL. Biophys. J. 2007, 93:113-122.
56. Marsh D. Lateral pressure profile, spontaneous curvature frustration, and the incorporation and conformation of proteins in membranes. Biophys. J. 2007, 93:3884-3899.
57. Lee A.G. How lipids affect the activities of integral membrane proteins. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2004, 1666:62-87.
58. Marsh D. Protein modulation of lipids, and vice-versa, in membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2008, 1778:1545-1575.
59. Lee A.G. How lipids and proteins interact in a membrane: a molecular approach. Mol. Biosyst. 2005, 1:203-212.
60. Niemela P.S., Miettinen M.S., Monticelli L., Hammaren H., Bjelkmar P., Murtola T., Lindahl E., Vattulainen I. Membrane proteins diffuse as dynamic complexes with lipids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132:7574-7575.
61. Vitkova V., Meleard P., Pott T., Bivas I. Alamethicin influence on the membrane bending elasticity. Eur. Biophys. J. 2006, 35:281-286.
62. Pabst G., Danner S., Podgornik R., Katsaras J. Entropy-driven softening of fluid lipid bilayers by alamethicin. Langmuir 2007, 23:11705-11711.
63. Pan J., Tieleman D.P., Nagle J.F., Kucerka N., Tristram-Nagle S. Alamethicin in lipid bilayers: combined use of X-ray scattering and MD simulations. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1788:1387-1397.
64. Manneville J.B., Bassereau P., Levy D., Prost J. Activity of transmembrane proteins induces magnification of shape fluctuations of lipid membranes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1999, 82:4356-4359.
65. Girard P., Prost J., Bassereau P. Passive or active fluctuations in membranes containing proteins. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 94:088102.
66. Hill L.T. An Introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics 1986, Dover Publications, New York.
67. Almeida P.F. Thermodynamics of lipid interactions in complex bilayers. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1788:72-85.
68. Marsh D. Cholesterol-induced fluid membrane domains: a compendium of lipid-raft ternary phase diagrams. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1788:2114-2123.
69. Julicher F., Lipowsky R. Shape transformations of vesicles with intramembrane domains. Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 1996, 53:2670-2683.
70. Kuzmin P.I., Akimov S.A., Chizmadzhev Y.A., Zimmerberg J., Cohen F.S. Line tension and interaction energies of membrane rafts calculated from lipid splay and tilt. Biophys. J. 2005, 88:1120-1133.
71. Esposito C., Tian A., Melamed S., Johnson C., Tee S.Y., Baumgart T. Flicker spectroscopy of thermal lipid bilayer domain boundary fluctuations. Biophys. J. 2007, 93:3169-3181.
72. Tian A., Johnson C., Wang W., Baumgart T. Line tension at fluid membrane domain boundaries measured by micropipette aspiration. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2007, 98:208102.
73. Honerkamp-Smith A.R., Cicuta P., Collins M.D., Veatch S.L., den Nijs M., Schick M., Keller S.L. Line tensions, correlation lengths, and critical exponents in lipid membranes near critical points. Biophys. J. 2008, 95:236-246.
74. Veatch S.L., Cicuta P., Sengupta P., Honerkamp-Smith A., Holowka D., Baird B. Critical fluctuations in plasma membrane vesicles. ACS Chem. Biol. 2008, 3:287-293.
75. Heinrich M.C., Levental I., Gelman H., Janmey P.A., Baumgart T. Critical exponents for line tension and dipole density difference from lipid monolayer domain boundary fluctuations. J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112:8063-8068.
76. Veatch S.L., Keller S.L. Seeing spots: complex phase behavior in simple membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2005, 1746:172-185.
77. Marsh D. Liquid-ordered phases induced by cholesterol: a compendium of binary phase diagrams. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2010, 1798:688-699.
78. Ipsen J.H., Karlstrom G., Mouritsen O.G., Wennerstrom H., Zuckermann M.J. Phase equilibria in the phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol system. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1987, 905:162-172.
79. Vist M.R., Davis J.H. Phase equilibria of cholesterol/dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine mixtures: 2H nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetry. Biochemistry 1990, 29:451-464.
80. Brewster R., Pincus P.A., Safran S.A. Hybrid lipids as a biological surface-active component. Biophys. J. 2009, 97:1087-1094.
81. Brewster R., Safran S.A. Line active hybrid lipids determine domain size in phase separation of saturated and unsaturated lipids. Biophys. J. 2010, 98:L21-L23.
82. Konyakhina T.M., Goh S.L., Amazon J., Heberle F.A., Wu J., Feigenson G.W. Control of a nanoscopic-to-macroscopic transition: modulated phases in four-component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol giant unilamellar vesicles. Biophys. J. 2011, 101:L8-L10.
83. Goh S.L., Amazon J.J., Feigenson G.W. Toward a better raft model: modulated phases in the four-component bilayer, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/CHOL. Biophys. J. 2013, 104:853-862.
84. Dietrich C., Bagatolli L.A., Volovyk Z.N., Thompson N.L., Levi M., Jacobson K., Gratton E. Lipid rafts reconstituted in model membranes. Biophys. J. 2001, 80:1417-1428.
85. Boulgaropoulos B., Arsov Z., Laggner P., Pabst G. Stable and unstable lipid domains in ceramide containing membranes. Biophys. J. 2011, 100:2160-2168.
86. Staneva G., Momchilova A., Wolf C., Quinn P.J., Koumanov K. Membrane microdomains: role of ceramides in the maintenance of their structure and functions. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2009, 1788:666-675.
87. Heberle F.A., Wu J., Goh S.L., Petruzielo R.S., Feigenson G.W. Comparison of three ternary lipid bilayer mixtures: FRET and ESR reveal nanodomains. Biophys. J. 2010, 99:3309-3318.
88. Uppamoochikkal P., Tristram-Nagle S., Nagle J.F. Orientation of tie-lines in the phase diagram of DOPC/DPPC/cholesterol model biomembranes. Langmuir 2010, 26:17363-17368.
89. Ionova I.V., Livshits V.A., Marsh D. Phase diagram of ternary cholesterol/palmitoylsphingomyelin/palmitoyloleoyl-phosphatidylcholine mixtures: spin-label EPR study of lipid-raft formation. Biophys. J. 2012, 102:1856-1865.
90. Pabst G., Kucerka N., Nieh M.P., Rheinstadter M.C., Katsaras J. Applications of neutron and X-ray scattering to the study of biologically relevant model membranes. Chem. Phys. Lipids 2010, 163:460-479.
91. Rappolt M., Pabst G. Flexibility and structure of fluid bilayer interfaces. Structure and Dynamics of Membranous Interfaces 2008, 45-82. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ. K. Nag (Ed.).
92. Parsegian V.A., Rand R.P. Interaction in membrane assemblies. Handbook of Biological Physics 1995, vol. 2:643-690. Elsevier, Amsterdam. R. Lipowsky, E. Sackmann (Eds.).
93. Parsegian V.A., Rand R.P., Fuller N.L., Rau D.C. Osmotic stress for the direct measurement of intermolecular forces. Methods Enzymol. 1986, 127:400-416.
94. McIntosh T.J., Simon S.A. Hydration force and bilayer deformation: a reevaluation. Biochemistry 1986, 25:4058-4066.
95. Parsegian V.A., Rand R.P., Colombo M., Rau D.C. Water at the macromolecular surface-solvation energy and functional control. Biomembr. Electrochem. 1994, 235:177-196.
96. Ben Yaakov D., Andelman D., Podgornik R., Harries D. Ion-specific hydration effects: extending the Poisson-Boltzmann theory. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2011, 16:542-550.
97. Helfrich W. Steric interaction of fluid membranes in multilayer systems. Z. Naturforsch. 1978, 33a:305-315.
98. Petrache H.I., Tristram-Nagle S., Nagle J.F. Fluid phase structure of EPC and DMPC bilayers. Chem. Phys. Lipids 1998, 95:83-94.
99. Boulgaropoulos B., Rappolt M., Sartori B., Amenitsch H., Pabst G. Lipid sorting by ceramide and the consequences for membrane proteins. Biophys. J. 2012, 102:2031-2038.
100. Petrache H.I., Gouliaev N., Tristram-Nagle S., Zhang R.T., Suter R.M., Nagle J.F. Interbilayer interactions from high-resolution X-ray scattering. Phys. Rev. E 1998, 57:7014-7024.
101. Petrache H.I., Tristram-Nagle S., Harries D., Kucerka N., Nagle J.F., Parsegian V.A. Swelling of phospholipids by monovalent salt. J. Lipid Res. 2006, 47:302-309.
102. Podgornik R., French R.H., Parsegian V.A. Nonadditivity in van der Waals interactions within multilayers. J. Chem. Phys. 2006, 124:044709.
103. Kucerka N., Tristram-Nagle S., Nagle J.F. Structure of fully hydrated fluid phase lipid bilayers with monounsaturated chains. J. Membr. Biol. 2005, 208:193-202.
104. Turner D.C., Gruner S.M. X-ray diffraction reconstruction of the inverted hexagonal (HII) phase in lipid-water systems. Biochemistry 1992, 31:1340-1355.
105. Leikin S., Kozlov M.M., Fuller N.L., Rand R.P. Measured effects of diacylglycerol on structural and elastic properties of phospholipid membranes. Biophys. J. 1996, 71:2623-2632.
106. Rand R.P., Fuller N.L., Gruner S.M., Parsegian V.A. Membrane curvature, lipid segregation, and structural transitions for phospholipids under dual-solvent stress. Biochemistry 1990, 29:76-87.
107. Alley S.H., Ces O., Barahona M., Templer R.H. X-ray diffraction measurement of the monolayer spontaneous curvature of dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol. Chem. Phys. Lipids 2008, 154:64-67.
108. Rappolt M. The biologically relevant lipid mesophases as "seen" by X-rays. Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes 2006, vol. 5:253-283. Elsevier, Amsterdam. A. Leitmannova-Liu (Ed.).
109. Vacklin H.P., Khoo B.J., Madan K.H., Seddon J.M., Templer R.H. The bending elasticity of 1-monoolein upon relief of packing stress. Langmuir 2000, 16:4741-4748.
110. Chen Z., Rand R.P. The influence of cholesterol on phospholipid membrane curvature and bending elasticity. Biophys. J. 1997, 73:267-276.
111. Siegel D.P. Determining the ratio of the Gaussian curvature and bending elastic moduli of phospholipids from Q(II) phase unit cell dimensions. Biophys. J. 2006, 91:608-618.
112. Siegel D.P., Kozlov M.M. The Gaussian curvature elastic modulus of N-monomethylated dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine: relevance to membrane fusion and lipid phase behavior. Biophys. J. 2004, 87:366-374.
113. Siegel D.P. The Gaussian curvature elastic energy of intermediates in membrane fusion. Biophys. J. 2008, 95:5200-5215.
114. Templer R.H., Khoo B.J., Seddon J.M. Gaussian curvature modulus of an amphiphilic monolayer. Langmuir 1998, 14:7427-7434.
115. Hannun Y.A., Obeid L.M. Principles of bioactive lipid signalling: lessons from sphingolipids. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2008, 9:139-150.
116. Boulgaropoulos B., Amenitsch H., Laggner P., Pabst G. Implication of sphingomyelin/ceramide molar ratio on the biological activity of sphingomyelinase. Biophys. J. 2010, 99:499-506.
117. Silvius J.R. Role of cholesterol in lipid raft formation: lessons from lipid model systems. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2003, 1610:174-183.
118. Pan J., Tristram-Nagle S., Nagle J.F. Effect of cholesterol on structural and mechanical properties of membranes depends on lipid chain saturation. Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 2009, 80:021931.
119. Khelashvili G., Rappolt M., Chiu S.W., Pabst G., Harries D. Impact of sterol tilt on membrane bending rigidity in cholesterol and 7-DHC containing DMPC membranes. Soft Matter 2011, 7:10299-10312.
120. Cantor R.S. Lipid composition and the lateral pressure profile in bilayers. Biophys. J. 1999, 76:2625-2639.
121. Lin Q., London E. Altering hydrophobic sequence lengths shows that hydrophobic mismatch controls affinity for ordered lipid domains (rafts) in the multitransmembrane strand protein perfringolysin o. J. Biol. Chem. 2013, 288:1340-1352.
122. Pautot S., Frisken B.J., Weitz D.A. Engineering asymmetric vesicles. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2003, 100:10718-10721.
123. Cheng H.T., Megha, London E. Preparation and properties of asymmetric vesicles that mimic cell membranes: effect upon lipid raft formation and transmembrane helix orientation. J. Biol. Chem. 2009, 284:6079-6092.
124. Richmond D.L., Schmid E.M., Martens S., Stachowiak J.C., Liska N., Fletcher D.A. Forming giant vesicles with controlled membrane composition, asymmetry, and contents. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2011, 108:9431-9436.