Somatosensory Evoked Potentials

Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 553-576

  Aminoff, Michael J ^a   Eisen, Andrew ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84882563705     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-06647-4.50030-6     Document Type: Chapter

References (130)

1. Halonen JP, Jones S, Shawkat F Contribution of cutaneous and muscle afferent fibres to cortical SEPs following median and radial nerve stimulation in man. Electroen-cephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1988, 71:331.
2. Gandevia SC, Burke D, McKeon B The projection of muscle afferents from the hand to cerebral cortex in man. Brain 1984, 107:1.
3. Eisen A, Purves S, Hoirch M Central nervous system amplification: its potential in the diagnosis of early multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1982, 32:359.
4. Starr A, McKeon B, Skuse N, et al. Cerebral potentials evoked by muscle stretch in man. Brain 1981, 104:149.
5. Kakigi R, Shibasaki H Scalp topography of mechanically and electrically evoked somatosensory potentials in man. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1984, 59:44.
6. Yamada T, Muroga T, Kimura J Tourniquet-induced ischemia and somatosensory evoked potentials. Neurology 1981, 31:1524.
7. Tsuji S, Murai Y, Hashimoto M Frontal distribution of early cortical somatosensory evoked potentials to median nerve stimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1988, 71:273.
8. Nuwer MR, Aminoff M, Desmedt J, et al. IFCN recommended standards for short latency somatosensory evoked potentials. Report of an IFCN committee. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1994, 91:6.
9. Gandevia SC, Burke D, McKeon BB Convergence in the somatosensory pathway between cutaneous afferents from the index and middle fingers in man. Exp Brain Res 1983, 50:415.
10. Wang J, Cohen LG, Hallett M Scalp topography of somatosensory evoked potentials following electrical stimulation of femoral nerve. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1989, 74:112.
11. Eisen A The use of somatosensory evoked potentials for the evaluation of the peripheral nervous system. Neurol Clin 1988, 6:825.
12. Gagnard-Landra C Somatosensory cortical and dermatome evoked potentials: a study conducted on 60 normal subjects. Results and their correlation relative to height and age. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1996, 36:131.
13. Aminoff MJ, Goodin DS, Barbaro NM, et al. Dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials in unilateral lumbosacral radiculopathy. Ann Neurol 1985, 17:171.
14. Goodridge A, Eisen A, Hoirch M Paraspinal stimulation to elicit somatosensory evoked potentials: an approach to physiological localization of spinal lesions. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1987, 68:268.
15. Cruccu G, Lannetti GD, Agostino R, et al. Conduction velocity of the human spinothalamic tract as assessed by laser evoked potentials. Neuroreport 2000, 11:3029.
16. Rossi P, Serrao M, Amabile G, et al. A simple method for estimating conduction velocity of the spinothalamic tract in healthy humans. Clin Neurophysiol 2000, 111:1907.
17. Kakigi R, Watanabe S, Yamasaki H Pain-related somatosensory evoked potentials. J Clin Neurophysiol 2000, 17:295.
18. Qiu Y, Innui K, Wang X, et al. Conduction velocity of the spinothalamic tract in humans as assessed by CO2 laser stimulation of C-fibers. Neurosci Lett 2001, 311:181.
19. Wang X, Inui K, Qiu Y, et al. Effects of sleep on pain-related somatosensory evoked potentials in humans. Neurosci Res 2003, 45:53.
20. Miura T, Sonoo M, Shimizu T Establishment of standard values for the latency, interval and amplitude parameters of tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). Clin Neurophysiol 2003, 114:1367.
21. Eisen A, Roberts K, Low M, et al. Questions regarding the sequential neural generator theory of the somatosensory evoked potential raised by digital filtering. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1984, 59:388.
22. Kimura J, Mitsudome A, Yamada T, Dickins QS Stationary peaks from a moving source in far-field recording. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1984, 58:351.
23. Lueders H, Andrish J, Gurd A, et al. Origin of far-field subcortical potentials evoked by stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1981, 52:336.
24. Maccabee PJ, Pinkhasov EI, Cracco RQ Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials to median nerve stimulation: effect of low frequency filter. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1983, 55:34.
25. Gobbele R, Waberski TD, Thyerlei D, et al. Functional dissociation of a subcortical and cortical component of high-frequency oscillations in human somatosensory evoked potentials by motor interference. Neurosci Lett 2003, 350:97.
26. Urasaki E, Genmoto T, Akamatsu N, et al. The effects of stimulus rates on high frequency oscillations of median nerve somatosensory-evoked potentials: direct recording study from the human cerebral cortex. Clin Neurophysiol 2002, 113:1794.
27. Cracco JB, Cracco RQ, Stolove R Spinal evoked potential in man: a maturational study. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1979, 46:58.
28. Desmedt JE, Cheron G Non-cephalic reference recording of early somatosensory potentials to finger stimulation in adult or aging normal man: differentiation of widespread N18 and contralateral N20 from the prerolandic P22 and N30 components. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1981, 52:553.
29. Kakigi R The effect of aging on somatosensory evoked potentials following stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve in man. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1987, 68:277.
30. Jung P, Baumgartner U, Bauermann T, et al. Asymmetry in the human primary somatosensory cortex and handedness. Neuroimage 2003, 19:913.
31. Bulut S, Ozmerdivenli R, Bayer H Effects of exercise on somatosensory-evoked potentials. Int J Neurosci 2003, 113:315.
32. Valeriani M, Ranghi F, Giaquinto S The effects of aging on selective attention to touch: a reduced inhibitory control in elderly subjects?. Int J Psychophysiol 2003, 49:75.
33. Parry GJ, Aminoff MJ Somatosensory evoked potentials in chronic acquired demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. Neurology 1987, 37:313.
34. Insola A, Le Pera D, Restuccia D, et al. Reduction in amplitude of the subcortical low and high-frequency somatosensory evoked potentials during voluntary movement: an intracerebral recording study. Clin Neurophysiol 2004, 115:104.
35. Kanovsky P, Bares M, Rektor I The selective gating of the N30 cortical component of the somatosensory evoked potentials of median nerve is different in the mesial and dorsolateral frontal cortex: evidence from intracerebral recordings. Clin Neurophysiol 2003, 114:981.
36. Klostermann F, Gobbele R, Buchner H, et al. Differential gating of slow postsynaptic and high-frequency spike-like components in human somatosensory evoked potentials under isometric motor interference. Brain Res 2001, 922-995.
37. Murphy BA, Taylor HH, Wilson SA, et al. Rapid reversible changes to multiple levels of the human somatosensory system following the cessation of repetitive contractions: a somatosensory evoked potential study. Clin Neurophysiol 2003, 114:1531.
38. Shibasaki H, Yamashita Y, Kuroiwa Y Electroencephalographic studies of myoclonus. Brain 1978, 101:447.
39. Kimura J, Mitsudome A, Beck DO, et al. Field distribution of antidromically activated digital nerve potentials: model for far-field recording. Neurology 1983, 33:1164.
40. Klostermann F, Gobbele R, Buchner H, et al. Intra-thalamic non-propagating generators of high-frequency (1000 Hz) somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) bursts recorded subcortically in man. Clin Neurophysiol 2002, 113:1001.
41. Sonoo M, Kobayashi M, Genba-Shimizu K, et al. Detailed analysis of the latencies of median nerve SEP components: 1. Selection of the best standard parameters and the establishment of the normal value. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1996, 100:319.
42. Sonoo M, Genba-Shimizu K, Mannen T, et al. Detailed analysis of the latencies of median nerve somatosensory evoked potential components: 2. Analysis of subcomponents of the P13/14 and N20 potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1997, 104:296.
43. Ozaki I, Suzuki C, Tanosaki M, et al. Stability of N20 onset or peak latency in median somatosensory evoked potentials. Muscle Nerve 2000, 23:278.
44. Yamada T, Kayamori R, Kimura J, et al. Topography of somatosensory evoked potentials after stimulation of the median nerve. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1984, 59:29.
45. Zumsteg D, Wieser HG Effects of aging and sex on middle-latency somatosensory evoked potentials: normative data. Clin Neurophysiol 2002, 113:681.
46. Hoshiyama M, Kakigi R New concept for the recovery function of short-latency somatosensory evoked cortical potentials following median nerve stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2002, 113:535.
47. Emerson RG, Seyal M, Pedley TA Somatosensory evoked potentials following median nerve stimulation. 1. The cervical components. Brain 1984, 107:169.
48. Seror P Somatosensory evoked potentials for the electrodiagnosis of meralgia paresthetica. Muscle Nerve 2004, 29:309.
49. Cordato DJ, Yiannikas C, Stroud J, et al. Evoked potentials elicited by stimulation of the lateral and anterior femoral cutaneous nerves in meralgia paresthetica. Muscle Nerve 2004, 29:139.
50. Brown WF, Feasby TE Sensory evoked potentials in Guillain-Barré polyneuropathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984, 47:288.
51. Walsh JC, Yiannikas C, McLeod JG Abnormalities of proximal conduction in acute idiopathic polyneuritis: comparison of short latency evoked potentials and F-waves. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984, 47:197.
52. Ropper AH, Chiappa KH Evoked potentials in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurology 1986, 36:587.
53. Olney RK, Aminoff MJ Electrodiagnostic features of the Guillain-Barré syndrome: the relative sensitivity of different techniques. Neurology 1990, 40:471.
54. Ogawara K, Kuwabara S, Yuki N Fisher syndrome or Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis? Anti-GQ1b IgG antibody syndrome involving both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Muscle Nerve 2002, 26:845.
55. Aminoff MJ, Olney RK, Parry GJ, et al. Relative utility of different electrophysiologic techniques in the evaluation of brachial plexopathies. Neurology 1988, 38:546.
56. Landi A, Copeland SA, Wynn Parry CB, et al. The role of somatosensory evoked potentials and nerve conduction studies in the surgical management of brachial plexus injuries. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1980, 62:492.
57. Sugioka H, Tsuyama N, Hara T, et al. Investigation of brachial plexus injuries by intraoperative cortical somatosensory evoked potentials. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1982, 99:143.
58. Yiannikas C, Walsh JC Somatosensory evoked responses in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1983, 46:234.
59. Veilleux M, Stevens JC, Campbell JK Somatosensory evoked potentials: lack of value for diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Muscle Nerve 1988, 11:571.
60. Komanetsky RM, Novak CB, Mackinnon SE, et al. Somatosensory evoked potentials fail to diagnose thoracic outlet syndrome. J Hand Surg (Am) 1996, 21:662.
61. Jerrett SA, Cuzzone LJ, Pasternak BM Thoracic outlet syndrome: electrophysiologic reappraisal. Arch Neurol 1984, 41:960.
62. Glover JL, Worth RM, Bendick PJ, et al. Evoked responses in the diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Surgery 1981, 89:86.
63. Swift TR, Nichols FT The droopy shoulder syndrome. Neurology 1984, 34:212.
64. Eisen A, Hoirch M, Moll A Evaluation of radiculopathies by segmental stimulation and somatosensory evoked potentials. Can J Neurol Sci 1983, 10:178.
65. Perlik S, Fisher MA, Patel DV, et al. On the usefulness of somatosensory evoked responses for the evaluation of lower back pain. Arch Neurol 1986, 43:907.
66. Walk D, Fisher MA, Doundoulakis SH, et al. Somatosensory evoked responses in the evaluation of lumbosacral radiculopathy. Neurology 1991, 42:1197.
67. Seyal M, Sandhu LS, Mack YP Spinal segmental somatosensory evoked potentials in lumbosacral radiculopathies. Neurology 1989, 39:801.
68. Dumitru D, Dreyfuss P Dermatomal/segmental somatosensory evoked potential evaluation of L5/S1 unilateral/unilevel radiculopathies. Muscle Nerve 1996, 19:442.
69. Scarff TB, Dallmann DE, Toleikis JR, et al. Dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials in the diagnosis of lumbar root entrapment. Surg Forum 1981, 32:489.
70. Aminoff MJ, Goodin DS, Parry GJ, et al. Electrophysiologic evaluation of lumbosacral radiculopathies: electromyography, late responses and somatosensory evoked potentials. Neurology 1985, 35:1514.
71. Rodriquez AA, Kanis L, Rodriquez AA, et al. Somatosensory evoked potentials from dermatomal stimulation as an indicator of L5 and S1 radiculopathy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1987, 68:366.
72. Katifi HA, Sedgwick EM Evaluation of the dermatomal somatosensory evoked potential in the diagnosis of lumbo-sacral root compression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1987, 50:1204.
73. Aminoff MJ, Goodin DS Dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials in lumbosacral root compression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1988, 51:740.
74. Fisher MA Electrophysiology of radiculopathies. Clin Neurophysiol 2002, 113:317.
75. Kraft GH Dermatomal somatosensory-evoked potentials in the evaluation of luymbosacral spinal stenosis. Phys Med Rehabil Clin North Am 2003, 14:71.
76. Aminoff MJ Somatosensory evoked potentials in the evaluation of the central nervous system. Neurol Clin 1988, 6:809.
77. Davis SL, Aminoff MJ, Panitch HS Clinical correlations of serial somatosensory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1985, 35:359.
78. Small DG, Matthews WB, Small M The cervical somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 1978, 35:211.
79. Green JB, Price R, Woodbury SG Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis: comparison with auditory and visual evoked potentials. Arch Neurol 1980, 37:630.
80. Khoshbin S, Hallett M Multimodality evoked potentials and blink reflex in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1981, 31:138.
81. Purves SJ, Low MD, Galloway J, et al. A comparison of visual, brainstem auditory, and somatosensory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis. Can J Neurol Sci 1981, 8:15.
82. Eisen A, Odusote K Central and peripheral conduction times in multiple sclerosis. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1980, 48:253.
83. Matthews WB, Read DJ, Pountney E Effect of raising body temperature on visual and somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1979, 42:250.
84. Misra UK, Kalita J, Das A Vitamin B12 deficiency neurological syndromes: a clinical, MRI and electrodiagnostic study. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 2003, 43:57.
85. Nuwer MR, Perlman SL, Packwood JW, et al. Evoked potential abnormalities in the various inherited ataxias. Ann Neurol 1983, 13:20.
86. Thomas PK, Jefferys JGR, Smith IS, et al. Spinal somatosensory evoked potentials in hereditary spastic paraplegia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1981, 44:243.
87. Aminoff MJ, Davis SL, Panitch HS Serial evoked potential studies in patients with definite multiple sclerosis: clinical relevance. Arch Neurol 1984, 41:1197.
88. Matthews WB, Small DG Serial recording of visual and somatosensory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 1979, 40:11.
89. Likosky W, Elmore RS Exacerbation detection in multiple sclerosis by clinical and evoked potential techniques: a preliminary report. Clinical Applications of Evoked Potentials in Neurology 1982, 535. Raven Press, New York. J. Courjon, F. Mauguière, M. Revol (Eds.).
90. Spiegel J, Hansen C, Baumgartner U, et al. Sensitivity of laser-evoked potentials versus somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin Neurophysiol 2003, 114:992.
91. Gobbele R, Waberski TD, Dieckhofer A, et al. Patterns of disturbed impulse propagation in multiple sclerosis identified by low and high frequency somatosensory evoked potential components. J Clin Neurophysiol 2003, 20:283.
92. Eisen A, Odusote K, Li D, et al. Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with somatosensory testing in MS suspects. Muscle Nerve 1987, 10:385.
93. Linden D, Berlit P Spinal arteriovenous malformations: clinical and neurophysiological findings. J Neurol 1996, 243:9.
94. Li V, Albright AL, Sclabassi R, et al. The role of somatosensory evoked potentials in the evaluation of spinal cord retethering. Pediatr Neurosurg 1996, 24:126.
95. Nelson FW, Goldie WD, Hecht JT, et al. Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in the management of patients with achondroplasia. Neurology 1984, 34:1053.
96. Boor R, Miebach E, Bruhl K, et al. Abnormal somatosensory evoked potentials indicate compressive cervical myelopathy in mucopolysaccharidoses. Neuropediatrics 2000, 31:122.
97. Jones SJ, Baraitser M, Halliday AM Peripheral and central somatosensory nerve conduction defects in Friedreich's ataxia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1980, 43:495.
98. Hammond EJ, Wilder BJ Evoked potentials in olivopontocerebellar atrophy. Arch Neurol 1983, 40:366.
99. Smith T, Jakobsen J, Trojaborg W Somatosensory evoked potentials during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1990, 75:S142.
100. Tagliati M, Di Rocco A, Danisi F, et al. The role of somatosensory evoked potentials in the diagnosis of AIDS-associated myelopathy. Neurology 2000, 54:1477.
101. Motitoyo H, Arimura Y, et al. Study of lower limb somatosensory evoked potentials in 96 cases of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. J Neurol Sci 1996, 138:78.
102. Gutling E, Isenmann S, Wichmann W Electrophysiology in the locked-in-syndrome. Neurology 1996, 46:1092.
103. Chu N-S Median and tibial somatosensory evoked potentials. Changes in short- and long-latency components in patients with lesions of the thalamus and thalamo-cortical radiations. J Neurol Sci 1986, 76:199.
104. Mauguière F, Desmedt JE, Courjon J Astereognosis and dissociated loss of frontal or parietal components of somatosensory evoked potentials in hemispheric lesions. Brain 1983, 106:271.
105. Goldie WD, Chiappa KH, Young RR, et al. Brainstem auditory and short-latency somatosensory evoked responses in brain death. Neurology 1981, 31-248.
106. Facco E, Munari M, Gallo F, et al. Role of short latency potentials in the diagnosis of brain death. Clin Neurophysiol 2002, 113:1855.
107. Carter BG, Butt W Review of the use of somatosensory evoked potentials in the prediction of outcome after severe brain injury. Crit Care Med 2001, 29:178.
108. Claassen J, Hansen HC Early recovery after closed traumatic head injury: somatosensory evoked potentials and clinical findings. Crit Care Med 2001, 29:494.
109. Hume AL, Cant BR Central somatosensory conduction after head injury. Ann Neurol 1981, 10:411.
110. Lew HL, Dikmen S, Slimp J, et al. Use of somatosensory-evoked potentials and cognitive event-related potentials in predicting outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2003, 82:53.
111. Brunko E, Zegers de Beyl D Prognostic value of early cortical somatosensory evoked potentials after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1987, 66:15.
112. Bassetti C, Bomio F, Mathis J, et al. Early prognosis in coma after cardiac arrest: a prospective clinical, electrophysiological, and biochemical study of 60 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996, 61:610.
113. Zandbergen EG, de Haan RJ, Stoutenbeek CP, et al. Systematic review of early prediction of poor outcome in anoxic-ischaemic coma. Lancet 1998, 352:1808.
114. Robinson LR, Micklesen PJ, Tirschwell DL, et al. Predictive value of somatosensory evoked potentials for awakening from coma. Crit Care Med 2003, 31:960.
115. Mandcl R, Martinot A, Delepoulle F, et al. Prediction of outcome after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a prospective clinical and electrophysiologic study. J Pediatr 2002, 141:45.
116. Sedgwick EM, El-Negamy E, Frankel H Spinal-cord potentials in traumatic paraplegia and quadriplegia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1980, 43:823.
117. Rowed DW, McLean JAG, Tator CH Somatosensory evoked potentials in acute spinal cord injury: prognostic value. Surg Neurol 1978, 9:203.
118. Dorfman LJ, Perkash I, Bosley TM, et al. Use of cerebral evoked potentials to evaluate spinal somatosensory function in patients with traumatic and surgical myelopathies. J Neurosurg 1980, 52:654.
119. Nuwer MR, Dawson EG, Carlson LG, et al. Somatosensory evoked potentials spinal cord monitoring reduces neurologic deficits after scoliosis surgery: results of a large multicenter survey. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1995, 96:6.
120. Daube JR Electrodiagnostic studies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor neuron disorders. Muscle Nerve 2000, 23:1488.
121. Gregory R, Mills K, Donaghy M Progressive sensory nerve dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a prospective clinical and neurophysiological study. J Neurol 1993, 240:309.
122. Bosch EP, Yamada T, Kimura J Somatosensory evoked potentials in motor neuron disease. Muscle Nerve 1985, 8:556.
123. Polo A, Teatini F, D'Anna S, et al. Sensory involvement in X-linked spino-bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's syndrome): an electrophysiological study. J Neurol 1996, 243:388.
124. Polo A, Curro'Dossi M, Fiaschi A, et al. Peripheral and segmental spinal abnormalities of median and ulnar somatosensory evoked potentials in Hirayama's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003, 74:627.
125. Bartel PR, Lotz BP, Van der Meyden CH Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in dystrophia myotonica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984, 47:524.
126. Mochizuki H, Hanajima R, Kowa H, et al. Somatosensory evoked potential recovery in myotonic dystrophy. Clin Neurophysiol 2001, 112:793.
127. Chu N-S Sensory evoked potentials in Wilson's disease. Brain 1986, 109:491.
128. Beniczky S, Keri S, Antal A, et al. Somatosensory evoked potentials correlate with genetics in Huntington's disease. Neuroreport 2002, 13:2295.
129. Lefaucher JP, Bachoud-Levi AC, Bourdet C, et al. Clinical relevance of electrophysiological tests in the assessment of patients with Huntington's disease. Mov Disord 2002, 17:1294.
130. Sindou MP, Mertens P, Bendavid U, et al. Predictive value of somatosensory evoked potentials for long-lasting pain relief after spinal cord stimulation: practical use for patient selection. Neurosurgery 2003, 52:1374.