Role of short latency evoked potentials in the diagnosis of brain death

Clinical Neurophysiology

Volumn 113, Issue 11, 2002, Pages 1855-1866

  Facco, E ^a   Munari, M ^a   Gallo, F ^a   Volpin, S M ^a   Behr, A U ^a   Baratto, F ^a   Giron, G P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Auditory; Brain death; Coma; Electroencephalogram; Evoked potentials; Somatosensory

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AUDITORY RESPONSE; BRAIN DEATH; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN STEM RESPONSE; CERVICAL SPINE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EVOKED RESPONSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; LATENT PERIOD; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD;

ACOUSTIC STIMULATION; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; BRAIN DEATH; CHILD; COMA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EVOKED POTENTIALS, AUDITORY, BRAIN STEM; EVOKED POTENTIALS, SOMATOSENSORY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED;

EID: 0036848143     PISSN: 13882457     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00259-6     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Barelli A., Della Corte F., Calimici R., Sandroni C., Proietti R., Magalini S.I. Do brain-stem auditory evoked potentials detect the actual cessation of cerebral functions in brain dead patients? Crit Care Med. 18:(3):1990;322-323.
2. Beecher H.K. After the definition of irreversible coma. N Engl J Med. 281:1969;1070-1071.
3. Belsh J.M., Chokroverty S. Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in brain-dead patients. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 68:1987;75-78.
4. Bennett D.R. The EEG in the determination of brain death. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 315:1978;110-119.
5. Brunko E., Zegers D.B. Prognostic value of early cortical somatosensory evoked potentials after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 66:(1):1987;15-24.
6. Buchner H., Schuchardt V. Reliability of electroencephalogram in the diagnosis of brain death. Eur Neurol. 30:(3):1990;138-141.
7. Chandler J.M., Brilli R.J. Brain-stem encephalitis imitating brain death. Crit Care Med. 19:(7):1991;977-979.
8. Egol A.B., Guntupalli K.K. Intravenous infusion device artifacts in the EEG-confusion in the diagnosis of electrocerebral silence. Intensive Care Med. 9:1983;29-32.
9. Facco E. Review: the diagnosis of brain death - role of short latency evoked potentials. J Audiol Med. 10:2001;1-19.
10. Facco E., Martini A., Zuccarello M., Agnoletto M., Giron G.P. Is the auditory brain-stem response (ABR) effective in the assessment of post-traumatic coma? Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 62:1985;332-337.
11. Facco E., Caputo P., Casartelli L.M., Munari M., Toffoletto F., Fabiani F., Giron G.P. Auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials in brain-dead patients. Riv Neurol. 58:1988;140-145.
12. Facco E., Casartelli L.M., Munari M., Toffoletto F., Baratto F., Giron G.P. Short latency evoked potentials: new criteria for brain death? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 53:(4):1990;351-353.
13. Facco E., Munari M., Baratto F., Giron G.P. Role of the somatosensory evoked potentials in the diagnosis of brain death. Machado C., Brain death. 1995;135-139 Elsevier, Amsterdam.
14. Facco E., Zucchetta P., Munari M., Baratto F., Behr A.U., Gregianin M., Gerunda A., Bui F., Saladini M., Giron G.P. 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT in the diagnosis of brain death. Intensive Care Med. 24:(9):1998;911-917.
15. Facco E., Behr A.U., Munari M., Baratto F., Volpin S.M., Gallo F., Lanzillotta M.A., Giron G.P. Auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials in coma following spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage: early prognosis and outcome. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 107:(5):1998;332-338.
16. Fauvage B., Combes P. Isoelectric electroencephalogram and loss of evoked potentials in a patient who survived cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med. 21:(3):1993;472-475.
17. Firsching R., Frowein R.A., Wilhelms S., Buchholz F. Brain death: practicability of evoked potentials. Neurosurg Rev. 15:(4):1992;249-254.
18. Ganes T., Lundar T. EEG and evoked potentials in comatose patients with severe brain damage. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 69:(1):1988;6-13.
19. Goldie W.D., Chiappa K.H. Brain-stem auditory and short latency somatosensory evoked responses in brain death. Neurology. 31:1981;248-256.
20. Goldie W.D., Chiappa K.H., Young R.R., Brooks E.B. Brain-stem auditory and short-latency somatosensory evoked responses in brain death. Neurology. 31:(3):1981;248-256.
21. Guerit J.M. Evoked potentials: a safe brain-death confirmatory tool? Eur J Med. 1:(4):1992;233-243.
22. Guerit J.M., de Tourtchaninoff M., Hantson P., Mahieu P. Multimodality evoked potentials in the differential diagnosis of brain death. Machado C., Brain death. 1995;119-126 Elsevier, Amsterdam.
23. Hantson P., Guerit J.M., de Tourtchaninoff M., Deconinck B., Mahieu P., Dooms G., Aubert-Tulkens G., Brucher J.M. Rabies encephalitis mimicking the electrophysiological pattern of brain death. A case report [see comments]. Eur Neurol. 33:(3):1993;212-217.
24. Harvard Medical School ad Hoc Committee . To examine the definition of brain death: a definition of irreversible coma. J Am Med Assoc. 205:1968;337-340.
25. Haupt W.F., Rudolf J. European brain death codes: a comparison of national guidelines. J Neurol. 246:(6):1999;432-437.
26. Legge 29 Dicembre 1993 n.578. Norme per L'accertamento e le Certificazione di morte. Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana 8/1/1994.
27. Machado C. Multimodality evoked potentials and electroretinography in a test battery for an early diagnosis of brain death. J Neurosurg Sci. 37:(3):1993;125-131.
28. Machado C., Valdes P., Garcia-Tigera J., Virues T., Biscay R., Miranda J., Coutin P., Roman J., Garcia O. Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials and brain death. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 80:(5):1991;392-398.
29. Machado C., Valdes P., Garcia O., Coutin P., Miranda J., Roman J. Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials in brain-dead patients using restricted low cut filter setting. J Neurosurg Sci. 37:(3):1993;133-140.
30. Machado-Curbelo C., Roman-Murga J.M. Usefulness of multimodal evoked potentials and the electroretinogram in the early diagnosis of brain death. Rev Neurol. 27:(159):1998;809-817.
31. Martin W.H., Pratt H., Schwegler J.W. The origin of the human auditory brain-stem response wave II. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 96:(4):1995;357-370.
32. Mauguiere F., Ibanez V. The dissociation of early SEP components in lesions of the cervico-medullary junction: a cue for routine interpretation of abnormal cervical responses to median nerve stimulation. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 62:(6):1985;406-420.
33. Mauguiere F., Grand C., Fischer C., Courjon J. Aspects of early somatosensory and auditory evoked potentials in neurologic comas and brain death. Rev Electroenceph Neurophysiol Clin. 12:(3):1982;280-285.
34. Mavroudakis N., Brunko E., Delberghe X., Zegers D.B. Dissociation of P13-P14 far-field potentials: clinical and MRI correlation. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 88:(3):1993;240-242.
35. Ministero della Sanità, Regolamento recante le modalità per l'accertamento e la certificazione di morte. Decreto 22/8/1994 n. 582.
36. Mollaret P., Goulon M. Le coma depassé Rev Neurol. 101:1959;3-15.
37. Nau R., Prange H.W., Klingelhofer J., Kukowski B., Sander D., Tchorsch R., Rittmeyer K. Results of 4 technical investigations in 50 clinically brain dead patients. Intensive Care Med. 18:(2):1992;82-88.
38. Pallis C. Prognostic value of brain-stem lesion. Lancet. i:1981;379.
39. Pallis C. ABC of brain-stem death. The arguments about the EEG. Br Med J. 286:1983;284-287.
40. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research Defining death. Medical, legal and ethical issues in the determination of death. US Government Printing Office. 1981.
41. Report of the Medical Consultants on the Diagnosis of Death to the President's Commission on the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research . Guidelines for the determination of death. J Am Med Assoc. 246:1981;2184-2186.
42. Restuccia D., Di Lazzaro V., Valeriani M., Conti G., Tonali P., Mauguiere F. Origin and distribution of P13 and P14 far-field potentials after median nerve stimulation. Scalp, nasopharyngeal and neck recording in healthy subjects and in patients with cervical and cervico-medullary lesions. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 96:(5):1995;371-384.
43. Roncucci P., Lepori P., Mok M.S., Bayat A., Logi F., Marino A. Nasopharyngeal electrode recording of somatosensory evoked potentials as an indicator in brain death. Anaesth Intensive Care. 27:(1):1999;20-25.
44. Royal Colleges and Faculties of the United Kingdom . Diagnosis of brain death. Br Med J. 2:1976;1187-1188.
45. Ruiz-Lopez M.J., Martinez D.A., Serrano A., Casado-Flores J. Brain death and evoked potentials in pediatric patients. Crit Care Med. 27:(2):1999;412-416.
46. Shiogai T., Takeuchi K. Diagnostic reliability in loss of brain-stem function evaluated by brain-stem auditory evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials in impending brain death. Machado C., Brain death. 1995;111-118 Elsevier, Amsterdam.
47. Sonoo M. Anatomic origin and clinical application of the widespread N18 potential in median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials. J Clin Neurophysiol. 17:(3):2000;258-268.
48. Sonoo M., Tsai-Shozawa Y., Aoki M., Nakatani T., Hatanaka Y., Mochizuki A., Sawada M., Kobayashi K., Shimizu T. N18 in median somatosensory evoked potentials: a new indicator of medullary function useful for the diagnosis of brain death. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 67:(3):1999;374-378.
49. Sonoo M., Mochizuki A., Fukuda H., Oosawa Y., Iwata M., Hatanaka Y., Tsai-Shozawa Y., Okano M., Shimizu T. Lower cervical origin of the P13-like potential in median SSEPS. J Clin Neurophysiol. 18:(2):2001;185-190.
50. Spudis E.V., Penry J.K., Link S.L. Paradoxical contribution of EEG during protracted dying. Arch Neurol. 41:1984;153-156.
51. Wagner W. SEP testing in deeply comatose and brain dead patients: the role of nasopharyngeal, scalp and earlobe derivations in recording the P14 potential. Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol. 80:(5):1991;352-363.
52. Wagner W. Scalp, earlobe and nasopharyngeal recordings of the median nerve somatosensory evoked P14 potential in coma and brain death. Detailed latency and amplitude analysis in 181 patients. Brain. 119:1996;1507-1521.
53. Zwarts M.J., Kornips F.H., Vogels O.M. Clinical brain-stem death with preserved electroencephalographic activity and visual evoked response. Arch Neurol. 58:(6):2001;1010.