Evaluation of the effectiveness of a school-based cannabis prevention program

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Volumn 132, Issue 1-2, 2013, Pages 257-264

  Ariza, Carles ^a,b,c   Pérez, Anna ^a,b,c   Sánchez Martínez, Francesca ^a,b,c   Diéguez, Marta ^a   Espelt, Albert ^a,b,c,d   Pasarín, M Isabel ^a,b,c   Suelves, Josep M ^a   De la Torre, Rafael ^e,f,g   Nebot, Manuel ^a,b,c  

^a AGÈNCIA DE SALUT PÚBLICA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^b CIBER EPIDEMIOLOGÍA Y SALUD PÚBLICA CIBERESP   (Spain)

^c Biomedical Research Institute St Pau (IBB StPau)   (Spain)

^d UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^e HOSPITAL DEL MAR   (Spain)

^f UNIVERSITAT POMPEU FABRA   (Spain)

^g CIBEROBN   (Spain)

Author keywords

Cannabis; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Preventive program; Process evaluation; School based

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CANNABIS SMOKING; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT; HUMAN; INTERNET; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTOCOL COMPLIANCE; QUASI EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; SCHOOL BASED CANNABIS PREVENTION PROGRAM; SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICE; SOCIOECONOMICS; SPAIN;

CANNABIS;

CANNABIS; EFFECTIVENESS; EVALUATION; PREVENTIVE PROGRAM; PROCESS EVALUATION; SCHOOL-BASED;

ADOLESCENT; ALCOHOL DRINKING; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MARIJUANA ABUSE; QUESTIONNAIRES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES; SCHOOLS; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84881668697     PISSN: 03768716     EISSN: 18790046     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.012     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Aarons G.A., Brown S.A., Stice E., Coe M.T. Psychometric evaluation of the marijuana and stimulant effect expectancy questionnaires for adolescents. Addict. Behav. 2001, 26:219-236.
2. Ariza C., Pérez A., Nebot M., Juárez O., Rodríguez-Martos A. Cannabis Consumption Preventive Program "xkpts.com" (Protocol, DVD and Teacher's Guide). Public Health Agency Viure i Conviure Fundation 2006, Caixa Catalunya Charity Foundation, Barcelona.
3. Ariza C., Rodríguez-Martos A., Vecino C., Guitart A. Cannabis: Let's Speak at Home (Family Guide). Public Health Agency Viure i Conviure Fundation 2006, Caixa Catalunya Charity Foundation, Barcelona.
4. Bond L., Thomas L., Coffey C., Glover S., Butler H., Carlin J.B., Patton G. Long-term impact of the Gatehouse Project on cannabis use of 16-year-olds in Australia. J. School Health 2004, 74:23-29.
5. Botvin G.J., Baker E., Renick N.L., Filazzola A.D., Botvin E.M. A cognitive-behavioral approach to substance abuse prevention. Addict. Behav. 1984, 9:137-147.
6. Botvin G.J., Baker E., Dusenbury L., Tortu S., Botvin E.M. Preventing adolescent drug abuse through a multimodal cognitive behavioral approach: results of a 3 year study. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 1990, 58:437-446.
7. Botvin G.J. Prevention in schools. Prevention and Societal Impact of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 1999, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ. R.T. Ammerman, P. Ott (Eds.).
8. Calafat A., Amengual M., Guimerans C., Rodriguez-Martos A., Ruiz R. "You decide": 10 years of a school-based prevention program. Adicciones 1995, 7:509-526. (Spanish).
9. Campbell M.K., Mollison J., Grimshaw J.M. Cluster trials in implementation research: estimation of intracluster correlation coefficients and sample size. Stat. Med. 2001, 20:391-399.
10. Coffey C., Lynskey M., Wolfe R., Patton G.C. Initiation and progression of cannabis use in a population-based Australian adolescent longitudinal study. Addiction 2000, 95:1679-1690.
11. Coggans N., Cheyne B., McKellar S. The Life Skills Training Drug Education Programme: A Review of Research 2003, University of Strathclyde, Scottish Executive Drug Misuse Research Programme, Edinburgh.
12. Crone M.R., Reijneveld S.A., Willemsen M.C., van Leerdam F.J., Spruijt R.D., Sing R.A. Prevention of smoking in adolescents with lower education: a school based intervention study. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 2003, 57:675-680.
13. Cuijpers P. Effective ingredients of school-based drug prevention programs. A systematic review. Addict. Behav. 2002, 27:1009-10023.
14. De Graaf R., Radovanovic M., Van Laar M., Fairman B., Degenhardt L., Aguilar-Gaxiola S., Bruffaerts R., de Girolamo G., Fayyad J., Gureje O., Haro J.M., Huang Y., Kostychenko S., Lépine J.P., Matschinger H., Medina Mora M.E., Neumark Y., Ormel J., Posada-Villa J., Stein D.J., Tachimori H., Wells J.E., Anthony J.C. Early cannabis use and estimated risk of later onset of depression spells: epidemiologic evidence from the population-based World Health Organisation World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2010, 172:149-159.
15. De Vries H., Backvier E., Kok G., Dijkstra M. The impact of social influences in the context of attitude, self efficacy, intention and previous behavior as predictors of smoking onset. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 1995, 25:237-257.
16. Dusenbury L., Brannigan R., Falco M., Hansen W.B. A review of research on fidelity of implementation: implications for drug abuse prevention in school settings. Health Educ. Res. 2003, 18:237-256.
17. Eisen M., Zellman G.L., Murray D.M. Evaluating the Lions-Quest "Skills for Adolescence" drug education program. Second-year behavior outcomes. Addict. Behav. 2003, 28:883-897.
18. Ellickson P.L., McCaffrey D.F., Ghosh-Dastidar B., Longshore D.L. New inroads in preventing adolescent drug use: results from a large-scale trial of project ALERT in middle schools. Am. J. Public Health 2003, 93:1830-1836.
19. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), 2009. Annual Report. Lisbon.
20. European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), 2011. Exchange on Drug Demand Reduction Action" (EDDRA). "xkpts.com" Program (A cannabis prevention program for teens). Public Health Agency, Barcelona. Available at: (accessed 09.03.12). http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/modules/wbs/dsp_print_project_description.cfm%3Fproject_id=ES_06.
21. Faggiano F., Vigna-Taglianti F., Versino E., Zambon A., Borraccino A., Lemma P. School-based prevention for illicit drugs use: a systematic review. Prev. Med. 2008, 46:385-396.
22. Faggiano F. Prevention of substance abuse: randomised or observational evaluation is absolutely needed. Adicciones 2010, 22:11-14.
23. Faggiano F., Vigna-Taglianti F., Burkhart G., Bohrn K., Cuomo L., Gregori D., Panella M., Scatigna M., Siliquini R., Varona L., van der Kreeft P., Vassara M., Wiborg G., Galanti M.R. The effectiveness of a school-based substance abuse prevention program: 18 month-follow-up of the EU-Dap cluster randomized controlled trial. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2010, 108:56-64. E.U.-Dap Study Group.
24. Flay B.R. Approaches to substance use prevention utilizing school curriculum plus social environment change. Addict. Behav. 2000, 25:861-885.
25. Fontes M.A., Bolla K.I., Cunha P.J., Almeida P.P., Jungerman F., Laranjeira R.R., Bressan R.A., Lacerda A.L.T. Cannabis use before age 15 and subsequent executive functioning. Br. J. Psychiatry 2011, 198:442-447.
26. Furr-Holden C.D.M., Ialongo N.S., Anthony J.C., Petras H., Kellam S.G. Developmentally inspired drug prevention: middle school outcomes in a school-based randomized prevention trial. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004, 73:149-158.
27. Griffith-Lendering M.F., Wigman J.T., Prince van Leeuwen A., Huijbregts S.C., Huizink A.C., Ormel J., Verhulst F.C., van Os J., Swaab H., Vollebergh W.A. Cannabis use and vulnerability for psychosis in early adolescence - a TRAILS study. Addiction 2012, (December). [Epub ahead of print]. 10.1111/add.12050.
28. Guxens M., Nebot M., Ariza C. Age and sex differences in factors associated with the onset of cannabis use: a cohort study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007, 88:234-243.
29. Kuepper R., van Os J., Lieb R., Wittchen H.U., Höfler M., Henquet C. Continued cannabis use and risk of incidence and persistence of psychotic symptoms: 10 year follow-up cohort study. BMJ 2011, 342:738.
30. Kumpfer K.L., Alvarado R., Tait C., Turner C. Effectiveness of school-based family and children's skills training for substance abuse prevention among 6-8-year-old rural children. Psychol. Addict. Behav. 2002, 16:565-571.
31. Kumpfer K.L., Alvarado R. Family-strengthening approaches for the prevention of youth problem behaviors. Am. Psychol. 2003, 58:457-465.
32. Lafferty L. Marijuana use prevention: the In-DEPTH model program. J. Psychoactive Drugs 1998, 30:205-208.
33. Lloyd C., Joyce R., Hurry J., Asthon M. The effectiveness of primary school drug education. Drugs Educ. Prev. Pol. 2000, 7:109-126.
34. Longshore D., Ellickson P.L., McCaffrey D.F., St Clair P.A. School-based drug prevention among at-risk adolescents: effects of ALERT plus. Health Educ. Behav. 2007, 34:651-668.
35. Macleod J., Oakes R., Copello A., Crome I., Egger M., Hickman M., Oppenkowski T., Stokes-Lampard H., Davey Smith G. Psychological and social sequelae of cannabis and other illicit drug use by young people: a systematic review of longitudinal, general population studies. Lancet 2004, 363:1579-1588.
36. McGrath Y., Sumnall H., Edmonds K., McVeigh J., Bellis M. Review of Grey Literature on Drug Prevention Among Young People 2006, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), London.
37. Moncada A., Pérez K. Reliability and validity of self-reported drug consumption in the secondary school population. Gac. Sanit. 2002, 15:406-413. (Spanish).
38. Morales E., Ariza C., Nebot M., Pérez A., Sánchez F. Cannabis consumption among secondary school pupils of Barcelona (Spain): initial use, reported effects and expectancies. Gac. Sanit. 2008, 22:321-329. (Spanish).
39. Nebot M., Jiménez E., Ariza C., Tomas Z. Trends in the consumption of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis among adolescents of Barcelona, Spain, between 1987 and 2004. Med. Clin. (Barc) 2006, 126:159. (Spanish).
40. Newton N.C., Andrews G., Teesson M., Vogl L.E. Delivering prevention for alcohol and cannabis using the Internet: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Prev. Med. 2009, 48:579-584.
41. Pérez A., Ariza C., Sánchez-Martínez F., Nebot M. Cannabis consumption initiation among adolescents: a longitudinal study. Addict. Behav. 2009, 35:129-134.
42. Porath-Waller A.J., Beasley E., Beirness D.J. A meta-analytic review of school-based prevention for cannabis use. Health Educ. Behav. 2010, 37:709-723.
43. Sánchez-Martínez F., Ariza-Cardenal C., Pérez-Giménez A., Diéguez-Ferrer M., López-Medina M.J., Nebot-Adell M. Process evaluation of a cannabis school-based prevention program "xkpts.com" in Barcelona teenagers in 2006. Adicciones 2010, 22:217-226. (Spanish).
44. Schafer J., Brown S.A. Marijuana and cocaine effect expectancies and drug use patterns. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 1991, 59:558-565.
45. Schofield M.J., Lynagh M., Mishra G. Evaluation of a Health Promoting Schools program to reduce smoking in Australian secondary schools. Health Educ. Res. 2003, 18:678-692.
46. Sussman S., Dent C.W., Stacy A.W. Project towards no drug abuse: a review of the findings and future directions. Am. J. Health Behav. 2002, 26:354-365.
47. Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and other Drugs (CAN) The 2007 ESPAD Report. Substance Use Among Students in 35 European Countries. Stockholm: The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) 2009, Council of Europe, Co-operation Group to Combat Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking in Drugs (Pompidou Group), Stockholm.
48. Tobler N., Lessard T., Marshall D., Ochshorn P., Roona M. Effectiveness of school-based drug prevention programs for marijuana use. School Psychol. Int. 1999, 20:105-137.
49. Ventura A., Canals R.M., García R., Pujol C., Tomás P. Family Economic Capacity Index in Barcelona City. II. Barcelona. Ajuntament de Barcelona 1999, Gabinet tècnic de programació, (Spanish).
50. Von Sydow K., Lieb R., Pfister H., Höfler M., Wittchen H.U. What predicts incident use of cannabis and progression to abuse and dependence? A 4-year prospective examination of risk factors in a community sample of adolescents and young adults. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002, 68:49-64.