Association between pupillary unrest index and waking electroencephalogram activity in sleep-deprived healthy adults

Sleep Medicine

Volumn 14, Issue 9, 2013, Pages 902-912

  Regen, Francesca ^a   Dorn, Hans ^a   Danker Hopfe, Heidi ^a  

^a CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Excessive daytime sleepiness; Pupillary Unrest Index; Pupillography; Sleep deprivation; Spontaneous Pupillary oscillations; Waking EEG activity

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; FEMALE; HOMEOSTATIC SLEEP PRESSURE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUPILLARY UNREST INDEX; PUPILLOGRAPHY; PUPILLOMETRY; RATING SCALE; SLEEP DEPRIVATION; SLEEP PARAMETERS; SLEEP WAKING CYCLE; SOMNOLENCE; STANFORD SLEEPINESS SCALE; VALIDITY; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE; WAKEFULNESS;

EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; PUPILLARY UNREST INDEX; PUPILLOGRAPHY; SLEEP DEPRIVATION; SPONTANEOUS PUPILLARY OSCILLATIONS; WAKING EEG ACTIVITY;

ADULT; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; DISORDERS OF EXCESSIVE SOMNOLENCE; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS; HUMANS; MALE; REFLEX, PUPILLARY; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SLEEP DEPRIVATION; SLEEP STAGES; WAKEFULNESS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84881668662     PISSN: 13899457     EISSN: 18785506     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.02.003     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Sauter C., Popp R., Danker-Hopfe H., Büttner A., Wilhelm B., Binder R., et al. Normative values of the German epworth sleepiness scale. Results from a multicenter study. Somnologie 2007, 11:272-278.
2. Ohayon M.M. From wakefulness to excessive sleepiness: what we know and still need to know. Sleep Med Rev 2008, 12:129-141.
3. Horne J.A., Reyner L.A. Sleep related vehicle accidents. BMJ 1995, 310:565-567.
4. Philip P., Taillard J., Niedhammer I., Guilleminault C., Bioulac B. Is there a link between subjective daytime somnolence and sickness absenteeism? a study in a working population. J Sleep Res 2001, 10:111-115.
5. Lockley S.W., Cronin J.W., Evans E.E., Cade B.E., Lee C.J., Landrigan C.P., et al. Effect of reducing interns' weekly work hours on sleep and attentional failures. N Engl J Med 2004, 351:1829-1837.
6. Barger L.K., Ayas N.T., Cade B.E., Cronin J.W., Rosner B., Speizer F.E., et al. Impact of extended-duration shifts on medical errors, adverse events, and attentional failures. PLoS Med 2006, 3:e487.
7. Weeβ H.G., Sauter C., Geisler P., Böhning W., Wilhelm B., Rotte M., et al. Vigilance, tendency to fall asleep, sustained attention, tiredness, sleepiness diagnostic tools for the measurement of sleepiness related processes and their criteria of quality. Somnologie 2000, 4:20-38.
8. Sleepiness causes, consequences and treatment 2011, Cambridge University Press. M. Thorpy, M. Billiard (Eds.).
9. Wilhelm B.J. Pupillography for the assessment of driver sleepiness. l KlinMonatsblAugenheilkd 2008, 225:791-798.
10. Wilhelm H., Lüdtke H., Wilhelm B. Pupillographic sleepiness testing in hypersomniacs and normals. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1998, 236:725-729.
11. Wilhelm B., Wilhelm H., Lüdtke H., Streicher P., Adler M. Pupillographic assessment of sleepiness in sleep-deprived healthy subjects. Sleep 1998, 21:258-265.
12. Wilhelm B., Giedke H., Lüdtke H., Bittner E., Hofmann A., Wilhelm H. Daytime variations in central nervous system activation measured by a pupillographic sleepiness test. J Sleep Res 2001, 10:1-7.
13. Lowenstein O., Feinberg R., Loewenfeld I.E. Pupillary movements during acute and chronic fatigue - a new test for the objective evaluation of tiredness. Invest Ophthalmol 1963, 2:138-157.
14. Lüdtke H., Wilhelm B., Adler M., Schaeffel F., Wilhelm H. Mathematical procedures in data recording and processing of pupillary fatigue waves. Vision Res 1998, 38:2889-2896.
15. Merritt S.L., Schnyders H.C., Patel M., Basner R.C., O'Neill W. Pupil staging and EEG measurement of sleepiness. Int J Psychophysiol 2004, 52:97-112.
16. Schröder M., Guldin B., Gloger G., Scholz U. Assessing disturbances of tonic vigilance: a comparison of pupillography, EEG power spectra, heart rate variability and evoked potentials. Sleep Res Online 1999, 2:81.
17. Böhning W., Russel F., Petereit G. Beziehung der spontanen Pupillenoszillationzur alpha - Aktivitätim EEG. Somnologie 2000, 4:108.
18. Akerstedt T., Gillberg M. Subjective and objective sleepiness in the active individual. Int J Neurosci 1990, 52:29-37.
19. Torsvall L., Akerstedt T. Sleepiness on the job: continuously measured EEG changes in train drivers. Electroencephalogric Clin Neurophysiol 1987, 66:502-511.
20. Van Dongen H.P., Baynard M.D., Maislin G., Dinges D.F. Systematic interindividual differences in neurobehavioral impairment from sleep loss: evidence of trait-like differential vulnerability. Sleep 2004, 27:423-433.
21. Zung W.W. A self-rating depression scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1965, 12:63-70.
22. Zung W.W. A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics 1971, 12:371-379.
23. Johns M.W. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep 1991, 14:540-545.
24. Horne J.A., Östberg O. A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. Int J Chronobiol 1976, 4:97-110.
25. Merritt S.L., Keegan A.P., Mercer P.W. Artifact management in pupillometry. Nurs Res 1994, 43:56-59.
26. Hoddes E., Dement W.C., Zarcone V. The development and use of the Stanford sleepiness scale (SSS). Psychophysiology 1972, 10:431-436.
27. Rothman K.J. No adjustments are needed for multiple comparisons. Epidemiology 1990, 1:43-46.
28. Wilhelm B., Koerner A., Heldmaier K., Moll K., Wilhelm H., Lüdtke H. Normal values of the pupillographic sleepiness test in male and female subjects aged 20-60years. Somnologie 2001, 5:115-120.
29. Cajochen C., Brunner D.P., Kräuchi K., Graw P., Wirz-Justice A. Power density in theta/alpha frequencies of the waking EEG progressively increases during sustained wakefulness. Sleep 1995, 18:890-894.
30. Cajochen C., Khalsa S.B., Wyatt J.K., Czeisler C.A., Dijk D.J. EEG and ocular correlates of circadian melatonin phase and human performance decrements during sleep loss. Am J Physiol 1999, 277:640-649.
31. Cajochen C., Wyatt J.K., Czeisler C.A., Dijk D.J. Separation of circadian and wake duration dependent modulation of EEG activation during wakefulness. Neuroscience 2002, 114:1047-1060.
32. Aeschbach D., Matthews J.R., Postolache T.T., Jackson M.A., Giesen H.A., Wehr T.A. Dynamics of the human EEG during prolonged wakefulness: evidence for frequency-specific circadian and homeostatic influences. Neurosci Lett 1997, 239:121-124.
33. Aeschbach D., Matthews J.R., Postolache T.T., Jackson M.A., Giesen H.A., Wehr T.A. Two circadian rhythms in the human electroencephalogram during wakefulness. Am J Physiol 1999, 277:1771-1779.
34. Tinguely G., Finelli L.A., Landolt H.P., Borbély A.A., Achermann P. Functional EEG topography in sleep and waking: state-dependent and state-independent features. Neuroimage 2006, 32:283-292.
35. De Gennaro L., Marzano C., Veniero D., Moroni F., Fratello F., Curcio G., et al. Neurophysiological correlates of sleepiness: a combined TMS and EEG study. Neuroimage 2007, 36:1277-1287.
36. Marzano C., Fratello F., Moroni F., Pellicciari M.C., Curcio G., Ferrara M., et al. Slow eye movements and subjective estimates of sleepiness predict EEG power changes during sleep deprivation. Sleep 2007, 30:610-616.
37. Aeschbach D., Postolache T.T., Sher L., Matthews J.R., Jackson M.A., Wehr T.A. Evidence from the waking electroencephalogram that short sleepers live under higher homeostatic sleep pressure than long sleepers. Neuroscience 2001, 102:493-502.
38. Cajochen C., Knoblauch V., Kräuchi K., Renz C., Wirz-Justice A. Dynamics of frontal EEG activity, sleepiness and body temperature under high and low sleep pressure. Neuroreport 2001, 12:2277-2281.
39. Finelli L.A., Baumann H., Borbély A.A., Achermann P. Dual electroencephalogram markers of human sleep homeostasis: correlation between theta activity in waking and slow-wave activity in sleep. Neuroscience 2000, 101:523-529.
40. Vyazovskiy V.V., Tobler I. Theta activity in the waking EEG is a marker of sleep propensity in the rat. Brain Res 2005, 1050:64-71.
41. Cajochen C., Kräuchi K., von Arx M.A., Möri D., Graw P., Wirz-Justice A. Daytime melatonin administration enhances sleepiness and theta/alpha activity in the waking EEG. Neurosci Lett 1996, 207:209-213.
42. Cajochen C., Kräuchi K., Wirz-Justice A. The acute soporific action of daytime melatonin administration: effects on the EEG during wakefulness and subjective alertness. J Biol Rhythms 1997, 12:636-643.
43. Cajochen C., Kräuchi K., Danilenko K.V., Wirz-Justice A. Evening administration of melatonin and bright light: interactions on the EEG during sleep and wakefulness. J Sleep Res 1998, 7:145-157.
44. Cajochen C., Zeitzer J.M., Czeisler C.A., Dijk D.J. Dose-response relationship for light intensity and ocular and electroencephalographic correlates of human alertness. Behav Brain Res 2000, 115:75-83.
45. Lockley S.W., Evans E.E., Scheer F.A., Brainard G.C., Czeisler C.A., Aeschbach D. Short-wavelength sensitivity for the direct effects of light on alertness, vigilance, and the waking electroencephalogram in humans. Sleep 2006, 29:161-168.
46. Landolt H.P., Rétey J.V., Tönz K., Gottselig J.M., Khatami R., Buckelmüller I., et al. Caffeine attenuates waking and sleep electroencephalographic markers of sleep homeostasis in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004, 29:1933-1939.
47. Rétey J.V., Adam M., Gottselig J.M., Khatami R., Dürr R., Achermann P., et al. Adenosinergic mechanisms contribute to individual differences in sleep deprivation-induced changes in neurobehavioral function and brain rhythmic activity. J Neurosci 2006, 26:10472-10479.
48. Chapotot F., Pigeau R., Canini F., Bourdon L., Buguet A. Distinctive effects of modafinil and d-amphetamine on the homeostatic and circadian modulation of the human waking EEG. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2003, 166:127-138.
49. Morisson F., Lavigne G., Petit D., Nielsen T., Malo J., Montplaisir J. Spectral analysis of wakefulness and REM sleep EEG in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Eur Respir J 1998, 11:1135-1140.
50. Morisson F., Décary A., Petit D., Lavigne G., Malo J., Montplaisir J. Daytime sleepiness and EEG spectral analysis in apneic patients before and after treatment with continuous positive airway pressure. Chest 2001, 119:45-52.
51. Kubicki S., Höller L., Pastelak-Price C. Subvigil β activity: a study of fast EEG patterns in drowsiness. Am J EEG Technol 1987, 27:15-31.
52. Lorenzo I., Ramos J., Arce C., Guevara M.A., Corsi-Cabrera M. Effect of total sleep deprivation on reaction time and waking EEG activity in man. Sleep 1995, 18:346-354.
53. Dumont M., Macchi M.M., Carrier J., Lafrance C., Hébert M. Time course of narrow frequency bands in the waking EEG during sleep deprivation. Neuroreport 1999, 10:403-407.
54. Niedermeyer E. The normal EEG of the waking adult. Electroencephalography, basic principles, clinical applications, and related fields 2005, 167-192. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
55. Kraemer S., Danker-Hopfe H., Dorn H., Schmidt A., Ehlert I., Herrmann W.M. Time-of-day variations of indicators of attention: performance, physiological parameters and self assessment of sleepiness. Biol Psychiatry 2000, 48:1069-1080.
56. Danker-Hopfe H., Kraemer S., Dorn H., Schmidt A., Ehlert I., Hermann W.M. Time-of-day variations in different measures of sleepiness (MSLT, pupillography, and SSS) and their interrelations. Psychophysiology 2001, 38:828-835.
57. Wichniak A.J., Geisler P., Tracik F., Cronlein T., Popp R., Zulley J. Comparison of methods for objective quantifying daytime sleepiness and its relations to quality of previous night's sleep. Sleep Res Online 1999, 21:591.
58. McLaren J.W., Hauri P.J., Lin S.C., Harris C.D. Pupillometry in clinically sleepy patients. Sleep Med 2002, 3:347-352.
59. Wilhelm B., Rühle K.H., Widmaier D., Lüdtke H., Wilhelm H. Objective measurement of severity and therapeutic effect in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by the pupillographic sleepiness test. Somnologie 1998, 2:51-57.
60. Wilhelm B., Neugebauer P., Lüdtke H., Hohenstein E., Ederle K., Wilhelm H. Pupillographic sleepiness test for therapy control in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome after three months nCPAP. Somnologie 1999, 3:53-56.
61. Czudaj K.P., Bonnet R., Mäder I. Relationships between pupillographic sleepiness test and polysomnographic sleep parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Somnologie 2006, 10:125-129.
62. Phillips M.A., Bitsios P., Szabadi E., Bradshaw C.M. Comparison of the antidepressants reboxetine, fluvoxamine and amitriptyline upon spontaneous pupillary fluctuations in healthy human volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2000, 149:72-76.
63. Phillips M.A., Szabadi E., Bradshaw C.M. Comparison of the effects of clonidine and yohimbine on spontaneous pupillary fluctuations in healthy human volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2000, 150:85-89.
64. Huron C., Giersch A., Danion J.M. Lorazepam, sedation, and conscious recollection: a dose-response study with healthy volunteers. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2002, 17:19-26.
65. Samuels E.R., Hou R.H., Langley R.W., Szabadi E., Bradshaw C.M. Comparison of pramipexole and modafinil on arousal, autonomic, and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 2006, 20:756-770.
66. Hou R.H., Freeman C., Langley R.W., Szabadi E., Bradshaw C.M. Does modafinil activate the locus coeruleus in man? comparison of modafinil and clonidine on arousal and autonomic functions in human volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005, 181:537-549.
67. Hou R.H., Langley R.W., Szabadi E., Bradshaw C.M. Comparison of diphenhydramine and modafinil on arousal and autonomic functions in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 2007, 21:567-578.
68. Merritt S.L., Schnyders H.C., Patel M., Chen Q., Ran J., Clark G., et al. Pupil staging and EEG-defined sleepiness. Sleep 1999, 221:110-111.
69. Yoss R.E., Moyer N.J., Ogle K.N. The pupillogram and narcolepsy. A method to measure decreased levels of wakefulness. Neurology 1969, 19:921-928.
70. Yoss R.E., Moyer N.J., Hollenhorst R.W. Pupil size and spontaneous pupillary waves associated with alertness, drowsiness, and sleep. Neurology 1970, 20:545-554.
71. Eggert T., Sauter C., Popp R., Zeitlhofer J., Danker-Hopfe H. The pupillographicsleepiness test (PST) in adults: effect of age, gender and time of day on pupillometric variables [published online ahead of print September 25, 2012]. Am J Hum Biol 2012, 24:820-828.
72. Lüdtke H., Hohenstein E., Neugebauer P., Wilhelm B. Kann die Messzeit des pupillographischenSchläfrigkeitstestssinnvollverkürztwerden?. Somnologie 2000, 41:42-43.
73. Merritt SL, Lloyd SR, Meyer FT, Kogan J. Pupillary unrest in sleepy versus non-sleepy healthy subjects. Abstract at the 25th international pupil colloquium, Crete, 2003.
74. Grenèche J., Krieger J., Erhardt C., Bonnefond A., Eschenlauer A., Muzet A., et al. EEG spectral power and sleepiness during 24 h of sustained wakefulness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Clin Neurophysiol 2008, 119:418-428.
75. Merritt S.L., Schnyders H.C., Mercer P. Circadian aspects of pupillary unrest reflecting daytime sleepiness. Sleep Res Online 1999, 21:773.
76. De Gennaro L., Devoto A., Lucidi F., Violani C. Oculomotor changes are associated to daytime sleepiness in the multiple sleep latency test. J Sleep Res 2005, 14:107-112.
77. De Gennaro L., Ferrara M., Urbani L., Bertini M. Oculomotor impairment after 1 night of total sleep deprivation: a dissociation between measures of speed and accuracy. Clin Neurophysiol 2000, 111:1771-1778.
78. Ferrara M., De Gennaro M.F.L., Bertini M. Voluntary oculomotor performance upon awakening after total sleep deprivation. Sleep 2000, 23:801-811.
79. Bocca M.L., Denise P. Total sleep deprivation effect on disengagement of spatial attention as assessed by saccadic eye movements. Clin Neurophysiol 2006, 117:894-899.
80. Zils E., Sprenger A., Heide W., Born J., Gais S. Differential effects of sleep deprivation on saccadic eye movements. Sleep 2005, 28:1109-1115.