Pupil staging and EEG measurement of sleepiness

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 97-112

  Merritt, Sharon L ^a,b   Schnyders, Harold C ^a   Patel, Minu ^a   Basner, Robert C ^a   O'Neill, William ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

^b Center for End of Life Transition Research   (United States)

Author keywords

EEG; Pupil stage; Pupillometry; Sleepiness; Theta power

Indexed keywords

ADULT; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LATENT PERIOD; MALE; MOOD; NARCOLEPSY; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; PUPIL; PUPIL REFLEX; PUPILLOMETRY; QUALITY CONTROL; SCORING SYSTEM; SELF EVALUATION; SLEEP; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME; SOMNOLENCE; STAGING; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; THETA RHYTHM; VALIDATION PROCESS; VISION TEST; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE;

ADULT; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NARCOLEPSY; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; PUPIL; SLEEP STAGES; THETA RHYTHM;

EID: 1542297362     PISSN: 01678760     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2003.12.007     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (74)

1. Akerstedt T., Gillberg M. Subjective and objective sleepiness in the active individual. Int. J. Neurosci. 52:1990;29-37.
2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Sleep related breathing disorders in adults: recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement techniques in clinical research. Sleep. 22:1999;667-689.
3. American Sleep Disorders Association, 1997. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders: Diagnostic and Coding Manual (Revised). Rochester, MN, Author.
4. Beck A.T., Rush A.J., Shaw B.F., et al. Cognitive Therapy of Depression. 1979;Guildford Press, New York.
5. Broughton R., Yan H., Boucher B. Effects of one night of sleep deprivation on quantified EEG measures. J. Sleep Res. 7:(Suppl. 2):1998;32.
6. Buysse D.J., Reynolds C.F. III, Monk T.H., Berman S.R., Kupfer D.J. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiat. Res. 28:1989;193-213.
7. Carpenter J.S., Andrykowski M.A. Psychometric evaluation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. J. Psychosom. Res. 45:(1):1998;5-13.
8. Carskadon M.A., Dement W.C. The Multiple Sleep Latency Test: what does it measure? Sleep. 5:1982;S67-S72.
9. Carskadon M.A., Dement W.C. Daytime sleepiness: quantification of a behavioral state. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 11:1987;307-317.
10. Carskadon M.A., Dement W.C., Mitler M.M., et al. Guidelines for the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT): a standard measure of sleepiness. Sleep. 9:1986;519-524.
11. Chervin R.D., Guilleminault C. Obstructive sleep apnea and related disorders. Neurol. Clin. 14:1996;583-609.
12. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 1988;Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.
13. Curcio G., Casagrande M., Bertini M. Sleepiness: evaluating and quantifying methods. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 41:2001;251-263.
14. Doghramji K., Mitler M.M., Sangal R.B., et al. A normative study of the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT). Electroen. Clin. Neurophys. 103:1997;554-562.
15. Douglas, A.B., 1993. Sleep Disorder Questionnaire: Scoring manual 'version-B'. Unpublished, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
16. Douglas A.B., Bornstein R., Nino-Murcia G., et al. The Sleep Disorders Questionnaire I: creation and multivariate structure of SDQ. Sleep. 17:1994;160-167.
17. Engleman H.M., Hirst W.S., Douglas N.J. Under reporting of sleepiness and driving impairment in patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. J. Sleep Res. 6:1997;272-275.
18. Guilleminault C. Narcolepsy. Chokrovery S. Sleep Disorders Medicine: Basic Science, Technical Considerations and Clinical Aspects. 1994;241-254 Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston.
19. Hasan J. Past and future of computer-assisted sleep analysis and drowsiness assessment. J. Clin. Neurophysiol. 13:1996;295-313.
20. Horne J.A., Reyner L.A. Driver sleepiness. J. Sleep Res. 4:1995;23-29.
21. Hunter J.D., Milton J.G., Ludtke H., Wilhelm B., Wilhelm H. Spontaneous fluctuations in pupil size are not triggered by lens accommodation. Vision Res. 40:2000;567-573.
22. Johns M.W. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep. 14:1991;540-545.
23. Johns M.W. Reliability and factor analysis of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep. 15:1992;376-381.
24. Johns M.W. Daytime sleepiness, snoring and obstructive sleep apnea: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Chest. 103:1993;30-36.
25. Kardon R.H. Anatomy and physiology of the pupil. Miller N.R., Newman N.J. Walsh and Hoyts Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, vol. 1. fifth ed:1997;847-897 Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.
26. Keegan A., Merritt S.L. A discrete-time model to test links between EEG power and pupil diameter measured by infrared cameras. Opt. Eng. Midwest. 2622:(2):1996;728-735.
27. Keegan A., Zbilut J.P., Merritt S.L., Mercer P. Use of recurrence plots in the analysis of pupil diameter dynamics in narcoleptics. SPIE Proc. 2036:1993;206-214.
28. Keppel G. Design and Analysis: A Researcher's Handbook. 1991;Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
29. Kessler R., Rodenstein D.O. Daytime somnolence: basic concepts, assessment tools and clinical applications. Monaldi Arch. Chest Dis. 56:2001;400-412.
30. Kollarits C.R., Kollarits F.J., Schuette W.H., et al. The pupil dark response in normal volunteers. Curr. Eye Res. 2:1982;255-259.
31. Kribbs N.B., Pack A.I., Kline L.R., et al. Effects of one night without nasal CPAP treatment on sleep and sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 147:1993;1162-1168.
32. Lin S.C., Richardson J.W., Harris C.D., et al. Daytime sleepiness: Multiple Sleep Latency Test and pupillography. Shepard J.W. Atlas of Sleep Medicine. 1991;241-261 Futura Pub Co, Mount Kisco, NY.
33. Lowenstein O., Loewenfeld I.E. The pupil. Davison H. The Eye, vol. 3. 1962;231-267 Academic Press, New York.
34. Lowenstein O., Feinberg R., Loewenfeld I.E. Pupillary movements during acute and chronic fatigue. Invest. Ophthalmol. 2:1963;138-157.
35. McLaren J.W., Erie J.C., Brubaker R.F. Computerized analysis of pupillograms in studies of alertness. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 33:1992;671-676.
36. McLaren J.W., Fjerstad W.H., Ness A.B., et al. New video pupillometer. Opt. Eng. 34:1995;676-682.
37. McLaren J.W., Hauri P.J., Lin S.C., Harris C.D. Pupillometry in clinically sleepy patients. Sleep Med. 3:2002;347-352.
38. McNair D.M., Lorr M., Droppleman L.F. EDITS Manual for the POMS. 1981;Educational and Industrial Testing Service, San Diego.
39. Merritt S.L., Keegan A., Mercer P. Artifact management in pupillometry. Nurs. Res. 43:1994;56-59.
40. Merritt S.L., Schnyders H.C., Mercer P., Zhou X. The sensitivity of pupillography to circadian aspects of sleepiness. J. Sleep Res. 7:(Suppl. 2):1998;176.
41. Merritt S.L., Schnyders H.C., Hu Y., Clark G. Pupillary unrest and EEG sleepiness. Sleep. 23:(Suppl. 2):2000;A367. Abstract.
42. Mitler M.M., Miller J.C. Methods of testing for sleepiness. Behav. Med. 21:1996;171-183.
43. Mitler M.M., Gujavarty K.S., Browman C.P. Maintenance of Wakefulness Test: a polysomnographic technique for evaluating treatment efficacy in patients with excessive somnolence. Electroen. Clin. Neurophys. 53:1982;658-661.
44. Mitler M.M., Carskadon M.A., Hirshkowitz M. Evaluating sleepiness. Kryger M.H., Roth T., Dement W.C. Principles and Practices of Sleep Medicine. third ed:2000;1251-1257 W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
45. Mitler M.M., Walsleben J., Sangal R.B., Hirshkowitz M. Sleep latency on the Maintenance of Wakefulness test (MWT) for 530 patients with narcolepsy while free of psychoactive drugs. Electroen. Clin. Neurophys. 107:1998;33-38.
46. National Center on Sleep Disorders Research and Office of Prevention, Education, and Control, National Institutes of Health, 1997. Working group report on problem sleepiness. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
47. National Sleep Foundation (2002, April 2). 2002 'Sleep in America' Poll. Retrieved January 22, 2003, available from http://www.sleepfoundation.org.
48. Nehlig A. Are we dependent upon coffee and caffeine? A review on human and animal data. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 23:1999;563-576.
49. Newman J., Broughton R. Pupillometric assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy-cataplexy. Sleep. 14:1991;121-129.
50. Overeem S., Mignot E., van Dijk J.G., Lammers G.J. Narcolepsy: clinical features, new pathophysiologic insights, and future perspectives. J. Clin. Neurophys. 18:2001;78-105.
51. Partinen M., Hublin C. Epidemiology of sleep disorders. Kryger M.H., Roth T., Dement W.C. Principles and Practices of Sleep Medicine. third ed:2000;558-579 W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
52. Phillipson E.A. Sleep apnea: a major public health problem. New Engl. J. Med. 328:1993;1271.
53. Pivik R.T. The several qualities of sleepiness: psychophysiological considerations. Monk T.H. Sleep, Sleepiness and Performance. 1991;3-37 Wiley, New York.
54. Pressman M.R., Fry J.M. Relationship of autonomic nervous system activity to daytime sleepiness and prior sleep. Sleep. 12:1989;239-245.
55. Pressman M.R., Spielman A.J., Korczyn A.D., et al. Patterns of daytime sleepiness in narcoleptics and normals: a pupillometric study. Electroen. Clin. Neurophys. 57:1984;129-133.
56. Rechtschaffen A., Kales A. A Manual of Standardized Terminology, Techniques and Scoring System of Sleep Stages of Human Subjects. 1968;UCLA Brain Information/Service/Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA.
57. Roehrs T., Carskadon M.A., Dement W.C., Roth T. Daytime sleepiness and alertness. Kryger M.H., Roth T., Dement W.C. Principles and Practices of Sleep Medicine. third ed:2000;43-52 W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
58. Rogers A.E., Aldrich M.S., Caruso C.C. Patterns of sleep and wakefulness in treated narcoleptic subjects. Sleep. 17:1994;590-597.
59. Ross, S.D., Allen, I.E., Harrison, K.J., et al., 1999. Systematic review of the literature regarding the diagnosis of sleep apnea. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 1. (Prepared by MetaWorks Inc. Under Contract No. 290-97-0016.) AHCPR Publication No. 99-E002. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Rockville, MD
60. Schmidt H.S. Pupillometric assessment of disorders of arousal. Sleep. 5:1982;S157-S164.
61. Schmidt H.S., Fortin L.D. Electronic pupillography in disorders of arousal. Guilleminault C. Sleeping and Waking Disorders: Indications and Techniques. 1982;127-143 Addison-Wesley, Menlo Park, CA.
62. Smith S.A., Smith S.E. Pupil function: tests and disorders. Bannister R., Mathias C.J. Autonomic Failure: A Textbook of Clinical Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System. second ed. 1999;245-253 Oxford University Press, New York.
63. Stark L. Neurological Control Systems: Studies in Bioengineering. 1968;111-159 Plenum, New York.
64. 2-adenoceptors. J. Psychopharmacol. 10:(Suppl. 3):1996;6-18.
65. Torsvall L., Akerstedt T. Sleepiness on the job: continuously measured EEG changes in train drivers. Electroen. Clin. Neurophys. 166:1988;502-511.
66. Tryon W.W. Pupillometry: a survey of sources of variation. Psychophysiology. 12:1975;90-93.
67. US Modafinil in Narcolepsy Multicenter Study Group. Randomized trial of modafinil for the treatment of pathological somnolence in narcolepsy. Ann. Neurol. 43:1998;88-97.
68. US Modafinil in Narcolepsy Multicenter Study Group. Randomized trial of modafinil as a treatment for excessive daytime somnolence of narcolepsy. Neurology. 54:2000;1166-1175.
69. Valley V., Broughton R. The physiological (EEG) nature of drowsiness and its relation to performance deficits in narcoleptics. Electroen. Clin. Neurophys. 55:1983;243-251.
70. Wilhelm B., Ludtke H., Wilhelm H. Spontaneous pupillary oscillations: an objective measure for the level of tonic central nervous activation. Kuhlmann J., Bottcher M. Pupillography: Principles, Methods and Applications. 1999;27-36 W. Zuckschwerdt Verlag, Munchen.
71. Wright J., Johns R., Watt I., Melville A., Sheldon T. Health effects of obstructive sleep apnoea and the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure: a systematic review of the research evidence. Br. Med. J. 314:1997;851-860.
72. Yoss R.E., Moyer N.J., Ogle K.N. The pupillogram and narcolepsy: a method to measure decreased levels of wakefulness. Neurology. 19:1969;921-928.
73. Yoss R.E., Moyer N.J., Hollenhorst R.W. Pupil size and spontaneous pupillary waves associated with alertness, drowsiness and sleep. Neurology. 20:1970;545-554.
74. Young T., Palta M., Dempsey J., Skatrud J., Weber S., Badr S. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. New Engl. J. Med. 328:1993;1230-1235.