Dual-Injection as a Knock Mitigation Strategy Using Pure Ethanol and Methanol

SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants

Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 772-784

  Daniel, Ritchie ^a   Wang, Chongming ^a   Xu, Hongming ^a   Tian, Guohong ^b   Richardson, Dave ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c JAGUAR LAND ROVER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DUAL FUEL ENGINES; ENGINE CYLINDERS; ETHANOL; GASOLINE; METHANOL;

COMBUSTION DURATION; DUAL INJECTIONS; INDICATED EFFICIENCY; MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY; MITIGATION STRATEGY; MITIGATION TECHNIQUES; RENEWABLE ENERGIES; SINGLE CYLINDER ENGINE;

FUEL ADDITIVES;

EID: 84881204456     PISSN: 19463952     EISSN: 19463960     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4271/2012-01-1152     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Allen, M.Frame, D.Frieler, K.Hare, W.Huntingford, C.Jones, C.Knutti, R.Lowe, J.Meinshausen, M.Meinshausen, N.Raper, S., , , , , , , , , and , The Exit Strategy, Nature Reports. 2009. p.56-58.
2. Shell, Shell Energy Scenarios to 2050, Signals and Signposts. 2011, Shell International BV: The Hague.
3. Brevitt, B., Alternative Vehicle Fuels, Science and Environment. 2002, House of Commons Library: London.
4. White, T., “Alcohol as a Fuel for the Automobile Motor,” SAE Technical Paper 070002, 1907, doi: 10.4271/070002.
5. DIRECTIVE 2009/28/EC. On the Promotion of the use of Energy from Renewable Sources. Official Journal of the European Union, 2009.
6. Curtis, B., U.S. Ethanol Industry: the Next Inflection Point. Energies and Resource Group, Year in Review, 2008.
7. Goldemberg, J., The Challenge of Biofuels. Energy & Environmental Science, 2008. 1(5): p.523-525.
8. Demirbas, A., Progress and Recent Trends in Biofuels. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2007. 33(1): p.1-18.
9. Demirbas, A., Competitive liquid biofuels from biomass. Applied Energy, 2011. 88(1): p.17-28.
10. OECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Biofuel Support Policies: An Economic Assessment. 2008: Paris.
11. Agarwal, A.K., Biofuels (Alcohols and Biodiesel) Applications as Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2007. 33(3): p.233-271.
12. Demirbas, M.F., Biorefineries for Biofuel Upgrading: A Critical Review. Applied Energy, 2009. 86(1): p.151-161.
13. Dolan, G., China Takes Gold in Methanol Fuel. Journal of Energy Security, 2008.
14. Kowalewicz, A., Methanol as a Fuel for Spark Ignition Engines: a Review and Analysis. Proceedings of the IMechE, 1993. 207(1): p.43-52.
15. Liu, S.Clemente, E.R.C.Hu, T.Wei, Y., , and , Study of Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Methanol/Gasoline Fuel Blends. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007. 27: p.1904-1910.
16. Wei, Y.Liu, S.Li, H.Yang, R.Liu, J.Wang, Y., , , , and , Effects of Methanol/Gasoline Blends on a Spark Ignition Engine Performance and Emissions. Energy and Fuels, 2008. 22: p.1254-1259.
17. Nakajima, S.Saiki, R.Goryozono, Y., , and , “Development of an Engine for Flexible Fuel Vehicles (FFV),” SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-3616, 2007, doi:10.4271/2007-01-3616.
18. Bromberg, L.Cohn, D.R.Heywood, J.B., , and , Water Based Systems for Direct Injection Knock Prevention in Spark Ignition Engines. U.S. Patent, 2010: US 2010121559, United States Patent and Trademark Office.
19. Cohn, D.R.Bromberg, L.Heywood, J.B., , and , Fuel Management System for Variable Ethanol Octane Enhancement of Gasoline Engines, U.S. Patent, 2010: US 2010175659, United States Patent and Trademark Office.
20. Cohn, D.R.Bromberg, L.Heywood, J.B., , and , Direct Injection Ethanol Boosted Gasoline Engines: Biofuel Leveraging For Cost Effective Reduction of Oil Dependence and CO2 Emissions. 2005, Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Cambridge, MA.
21. Stein, R.House, C.Leone, T., , and , “Optimal Use of E85 in a Turbocharged Direct Injection Engine,” SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr. 2(1):670-682, 2009, doi:10.4271/2009-01-1490.
22. Whitaker, P.Shen, Y.Spanner, C.Fuchs, H., , , et al., “Development of the Combustion System for a Flexible Fuel Turbocharged Direct Injection Engine,” SAE Int. J. Engines 3(1):326-354, 2010, doi:10.4271/2010-01-0585.
23. Ikoma, T.Abe, S.Sonoda, Y.Suzuki, H., , , et al., “Development of V-6 3.5-liter Engine Adopting New Direct Injection System,” SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-1259, 2006, doi:10.4271/2006-01-1259.
24. Wurms, R.Jung, M.Adam, S.Dengler, S.Heiduk, T.Eiser, A., , , , and , Innovative Technologies in Current and Future TFSI Engines from Audi, 20th Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology 2011. 2011.
25. Bromberg, L.Cohn, D. and , “Alcohol Fueled Heavy Duty Vehicles Using Clean, High Efficiency Engines,” SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-2199, 2010, doi:10.4271/2010-01-2199.
26. Blumberg, P.Bromberg, L.Kang, H.Tai, C., , , and , “Simulation of High Efficiency Heavy Duty SI Engines Using Direct Injection of Alcohol for Knock Avoidance,” SAE Int. J. Engines 1(1):1186-1195, 2009, doi:10.4271/2008-01-2447.
27. Sandford, M.Page, G.Crawford, P., , and , “The All New AJV8,” SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-1060, 2009, doi:10.4271/2009-01-1060.
28. Wu, X.Daniel, R.Tian, G.Xu, H.Huang, Z.Richardson, D., , , , and , Dual-Injection: the Flexible Bi-Fuel Concept for Spark-Ignition Engines Fuelled with Various Gasoline and Biofuel Blends. Applied Energy, 2011. 88: p.2305-2314.
29. Heywood, J.B., Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. 1988: McGraw-Hill.
30. Stone, R., Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines. Third Edition. 1999: Macmillan Press.
31. Zhu, G.G.Haskara, I.Winkelman, J., and , Closed-Loop Ignition Timing Control for SI Engines Using Ionization Current Feedback. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2007. 15(3): p.12.
32. Gülder, O.L., Laminar Burning Velocities of Methanol, Ethanol and Isooctane-Air Mixtures. The Combustion Institute, 1982. Laminar Flames II: p.275-281.
33. Beeckmann, J.Röhl, O.Peters, N., , and , “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Iso-Octane, Methanol and Ethanol Regarding Laminar Burning Velocity at Elevated Pressure and Temperature,” SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-1774, 2009, doi:10.4271/2009-01-1774.
34. Vancoillie, J.Verhelst, S.Demuynck, J., , and , “Laminar Burning Velocity Correlations for Methanol-Air and Ethanol-Air Mixtures Valid at SI Engine Conditions,” SAE Technical Paper 2011-01-0846, 2011, doi:10.4271/2011-01-0846.
35. Daniel, R.Tian, G.Xu, H.Wyszynski, M. L.Wu, Z.Huang, Z., , , , and , Effect of Spark Timing and Load on a DISI Engine Fuelled with 2,5-Dimethylfuran. Fuel, 2011. 90: p. 449-458.
36. Cheng, W.K.Summer, T.Collings, N., and , The Fast-response Flame Ionization Detector. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 1998. 24: p.89-124.
37. Wallner, T.Miers, S. and , “Combustion Behavior of Gasoline and Gasoline/Ethanol Blends in a Modern Direct-Injection 4-Cylinder Engine,” SAE Technical Paper 2008-01-0077, 2008, doi:10.4271/2008-01-0077.
38. Wallner, T., Correlation Between Speciated Hydrocarbon Emissions and Flame Ionization Detector Response for Gasoline/Alcohol Blends. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2011. 133(8).
39. Grob, R.L., Modern Practice of Gas Chromatography. Second Edition: 1985: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
40. Magnusson, R.Nilsson, C. and , The Influence of Oxygenated Fuels on Emissions of Aldehydes and Ketones from a Two-Stroke Spark Ignition Engine. Fuel, 2011. 90: p. 1145-1154.
41. Zhao, F.Harrington, D.L.Lai, M.-C. D., , and , “Automotive Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines,” Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA, ISBN 978-0-7680-0882-1, 2002.