On the anisotropy of perceived ground extents and the interpretation of walked distance as a measure of perception

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance

Volumn 39, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 477-493

  Li, Zhi ^a   Sun, Emily ^a   Strawser, Cassandra J ^a   Spiegel, Ariana ^a   Klein, Brennan ^a   Durgin, Frank H ^a  

^a SWARTHMORE COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Angular scale expansion; Distance perception; Leaky integration; Path integration; Spatial perception

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; ARTICLE; COMPUTER INTERFACE; DEPTH PERCEPTION; DISCRIMINATION LEARNING; DISTANCE PERCEPTION; FEMALE; HEARING; HUMAN; IMITATION; KINESTHESIA; MALE; ORIENTATION; PROPRIOCEPTION; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SENSORY DEPRIVATION; STUDENT; VISION; WALKING;

ANISOTROPY; AUDITORY PERCEPTION; DEPTH PERCEPTION; DISCRIMINATION LEARNING; DISTANCE PERCEPTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMITATIVE BEHAVIOR; KINESTHESIS; MALE; ORIENTATION; PROPRIOCEPTION; SENSORY DEPRIVATION; STUDENTS; USER-COMPUTER INTERFACE; VISUAL PERCEPTION; WALKING;

EID: 84880969939     PISSN: 00961523     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0029405     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Avery, G. C.,&Day, R. H. (1969). Basis of the horizontal-vertical illusion. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81, 376 -380. doi:10.1037/ h0027737
2. Chapanis, A.,&Mankin, D. A. (1967). The vertical-horizontal illusion in a visually-rich environment. Perception&Psychophysics, 2, 249-255. doi:10.3758/BF03212474
3. Durgin, F. H., Akagi, M., Gallistel, C. R.,&Haiken, W. (2009). The precision of locomotor odometry in humans. Experimental Brain Research, 193, 429-436. doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1640-1
4. Durgin, F. H., Fox, L. F.,&Kim, D. H. (2003). Not letting the left leg know what the right leg is doing: Limb-specific locomotor adaptation to sensory-cue conflict. Psychological Science, 14, 567-572. doi:10.1046/ j.0956-7976.2003.psci_1466.x
5. Durgin, F. H., Hajnal, A., Li, Z., Tonge, N.,&Stigliani, A. (2010). Palm boards are not action measures: An alternative to the two-systems theory of geographical slant perception. Acta Psychologica, 134, 182-197. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2010.01.009
6. Durgin, F. H., Leonard-Solis, K., Masters, O., Schmelz, B.,&Li, Z. (2012). Expert performance by athletes in the verbal estimation of spatial extents does not alter their perceptual metric of space. iPerception, 3, 357-367.
7. Durgin, F. H., Li, Z.,&Hajnal, A. (2010). Slant perception in near space is categorically biased: Evidence for a vertical tendency. Attention, Perception,&Psychophysics, 72, 1875-1889. doi:10.3758/APP.72.7 .1875
8. Durgin, F. H.,&Li, Z. (2011). Perceptual scale expansion: An efficient angular coding strategy for locomotor space. Attention, Perception,&Psychophysics, 73, 1856-1870. doi:10.3758/s13414-011-0143-5
9. Durgin, F. H., Pelah, A., Fox, L. F., Lewis, J., Kane, R.,&Walley, K. A. (2005). Self-motion perception during locomotor recalibration: More than meets the eye. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31, 398-419. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.31.3 .398
10. Durgin, F. H., Reed, C.,&Tigue, C. (2007). Step frequency and perceived self-motion. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 4, Article 5.
11. Fick, A. (1851). De errore quodam optico asymmetrica bulbi effecto. Marburg, Germany: J. A. Kochin
12. Finger, F. W.,&Spelt, D. K. (1947). The illustration of the horizontal -vertical illusion. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 37, 243-250. doi:10.1037/h0055605
13. Foley, J. M., Ribeiro-Filho, N. P.,&Da Silva, J. A. (2004). Visual perception of extent and the geometry of visual space. Vision Research, 44, 147-156. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2003.09.004
14. Foley, J. M. (1965). Visual space: A scale of perceived relative direction. Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, 1, 49-50.
15. Franz, V. H.,&Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2008). Grasping visual illusions: Consistent data and no dissociation. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 25, 920-950. doi:10.1080/02643290701862449
16. Geuss, M. N., Stefanucci, J. K., Creem-Regehr, S. H.,&Thompson, W. B. (in press). Effect of viewing plane on perceived distances in real and virtual environments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance.
17. Gilinsky, A. S. (1951). Perceived size and distance in visual space. Psychological Review, 58, 460-482.
18. Hajnal, A., Abdul-Malak, D. T.,&Durgin, F. H. (2011). The perceptual experience of slope by foot and by finger. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 37, 709-719. doi:10 .1037/a0019950
19. Harris, C. S. (1963). Adaptation to displaced vision: Visual, motor, or proprioceptive change? Science, 140, 812-813. doi:10.1126/science.140 .3568.812
20. Held, R.,&Freedman, S. J. (1963). Plasticity in human sensorimotor control. Science, 142, 455-462. doi:10.1126/science.142.3591.455
21. Higashiyama, A.,&Ueyama, E. (1988). The perception of vertical and horizontal distances in outdoor settings. Perception&Psychophysics, 44, 151-156. doi:10.3758/BF03208707
22. Higashiyama, A. (1992). Anisotropic perception of visual angle: Implications for the horizontal-vertical illusion, overconstancy of size, and the moon illusion. Perception&Psychophysics, 51, 218-230. doi:10.3758/ BF03212248
23. Higashiyama, A. (1996). Horizontal and vertical distance perception: The discorded-orientation theory. Perception&Psychophysics, 58, 259- 270. doi:10.3758/BF03211879
24. Kammann, R. (1967). Overestimation of vertical distance and slope and its role in moon illusion. Perception&Psychophysics, 2, 585-589. doi: 10.3758/BF03210273
25. Kelly, J. W., Loomis, J. M.,&Beall, A. C. (2004). Judgments of exocentric direction in large-scale space. Perception, 33, 443-454. doi:10.1068/p5218
26. Kudoh, N. (2005). Dissociation between visual perception of allocentric distance and visually directed walking of its extent. Perception, 34, 1399-1416. doi:10.1068/p5444
27. Künnapas, T. M. (1955). An analysis of the "vertical-horizontal illusion." Journal of Experimental Psychology, 49, 134 -140. doi:10.1037/ h0045229
28. Künnapas, T. M. (1957). The vertical-horizontal illusion and the visual field. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 53, 405-407. doi:10.1037/ h0048637
29. Lappe, M., Jenkin, M.,&Harris, L. R. (2007). Travel distance estimation from visual motion by leaky path integration. Experimental Brain Research, 180, 35-48. doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0835-6
30. Levin, C. A.,&Haber, R. N. (1993). Visual angle as a determinant of perceived interobject distance. Perception&Psychophysics, 54, 250- 259. doi:10.3758/BF03211761
31. Li, Z.,&Durgin, F. H. (2009). Downhill slopes look shallower from the edge. Journal of Vision, 9(11, Art. 6), 1-15. doi:10.1167/9.11.6
32. Li, Z.,&Durgin, F. H. (2010). Perceived slant of binocularly viewed large scale surfaces: A common model from explicit and implicit measures. Journal of Vision, 10, 13. doi:10.1167/10.14.13
33. Li, Z.,&Durgin, F. H. (2011). Design, data and theory regarding a digital hand inclinometer: A portable device for studying slant perception. Behavior Research Methods, 43, 363-371. doi:10.3758/s13428-010- 0047-7
34. Li, Z.,&Durgin, F. H. (2012a). A comparison of two theories of perceived distance on the ground plane: The angular expansion hypothesis and the intrinsic bias hypothesis. iPerception, 5, 368-383.
35. Li, Z.,&Durgin, F. H. (2012b). Manual matching of perceived surface orientation is affected by arm posture: Evidence of calibration between proprioception and visual experience in near space. Experimental Brain Research, 216, 299-309. doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2934-2
36. Li, Z., Phillips, J.,&Durgin, F. H. (2011). The underestimation of egocentric distance: Evidence from frontal matching tasks. Attention, Perception,&Psychophysics, 73, 2205-2217. doi:10.3758/s13414-011- 0170-2
37. Loomis, J. M., Da Silva, J. A., Fujita, N.,&Fukusima, S. S. (1992). Visual space perception and visually directed action. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 906-921. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.18.4.906
38. Loomis, J. M., Philbeck, J. W.,&Zahorik, P. (2002). Dissociation between location and shape in visual space. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 28, 1202-1212. doi:10.1037/ 0096-1523.28.5.1202
39. Loomis, J. M.,&Philbeck, J. W. (1999). Is the anisotropy of perceived 3-D shape invariant across scale? Perception&Psychophysics, 61, 397-402. doi:10.3758/BF03211961
40. Loomis, J. M.,&Philbeck, J. W. (2008). Measuring spatial perception with spatial updating and action. In R. L. Klatztky, M. Behrmann, B. McWhinney (eds.), Egospace and Action (pp. 1-43). New York, NY: Taylor and Francis.
41. Messing, R. M.,&Durgin, F. H. (2005). Distance perception and the visual horizon in head-mounted displays. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 2, 234-250. doi:10.1145/1077399.1077403
42. Milner, A. D.,&Goodale, M. A. (1995). The visual brain in action. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
43. Ooi, T. L., Wu, B.,&He, Z. J. (2001). Distance determined by the angular declination below the horizon. Nature, 414, 197-200. doi:10.1038/ 35102562
44. Petzschner. F. H.,&Glasauer, S. (2011). Iterative Bayesian estimation as an explanation for range and regression effects: A study on human path integration. The Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 17220 -17229. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2028-11.2011
45. Philbeck, J. W., O'Leary, S.,&Lew, A. L. B. (2004). Large errors, but no depth compression, in walked indications of exocentric extent. Perception&Psychophysics, 66, 377-391. doi:10.3758/BF03194886
46. Proffitt, D. R., Bhalla, M., Gossweiler, R.,&Midgett, J. (1995). Perceiving geographical slant. Psychonomic Bulletin&Review, 2, 409-428. doi: 10.3758/BF03210980
47. Purdy, J.,&Gibson, E. J. (1955). Distance judgment by the method of fractionation. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50, 374-380. doi: 10.1037/h0043157
48. Rieser, J. J., Ashmead, D. H., Talor, C. R.,&Youngquist, G. A. (1990). Visual perception and the guidance of locomotion without vision to previously seen targets. Perception, 19, 675-689. doi:10.1068/p190675
49. Rieser, J. J., Pick, H. L., Jr., Ashmead, D.,&Garing, A. (1995). Calibration of human locomotion and models of perceptual-motor organization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 21, 480-497. doi:10.1037/0096-1523.21.3.480
50. Ross, H. E. (1974). Behaviour and perception in strange environments. London, UK: Allen&Unwin.
51. Thompson, J. G.,&Schiffman, H. R. (1974). The influence of figure size and orientation on the magnitude of the horizontal-vertical illusion. Acta Psychologica, 38, 413-420. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(74)90045-6
52. Thomson, J. A. (1983). Is continuous visual monitoring necessary in visually guided locomotion? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 9, 427-443. doi:10.1037/0096-1523 .9.3.427
53. Toye, R. C. (1986). The effect of viewing position on the perceived layout of scenes. Perception&Psychophysics, 40, 85-92. doi:10.3758/ BF03208187
54. Wagner, M. (1985). The metric of visual space. Perception&Psychophysics, 38, 483-495. doi:10.3758/BF03207058
55. Wallach, H.,&O'Leary, A. (1982). Slope of regard as a distance cue. Perception&Psychophysics, 31, 145-148. doi:10.3758/BF03206214
56. Wraga, M. (1999). The role of eye height in perceiving affordances and object dimensions. Perception&Psychophysics, 61, 490-507. doi: 10.3758/BF03211968
57. Yang, T. L., Dixon, M. W.,&Proffitt, D. R. (1999). Seeing big things: Overestimation of heights is greater for real objects than for objects in pictures. Perception, 28, 445-467. doi:10.1068/p2854