메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 75, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 390-402

A root chicory MADS box sequence and the Arabidopsis flowering repressor FLC share common features that suggest conserved function in vernalization and de-vernalization responses

Author keywords

Arabidopsis thaliana; bienniality; Cichorium intybus; de vernalization; FLC; flowering; root chicory; vernalization

Indexed keywords

ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA; BIENNIALITY; CICHORIUM INTYBUS; DE-VERNALIZATION; FLC; FLOWERING; ROOT CHICORY; VERNALIZATION;

EID: 84880786116     PISSN: 09607412     EISSN: 1365313X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12208     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (30)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 77954912138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robust control of the seasonal expression of the Arabidopsis FLC gene in a fluctuating environment
    • Aikawa, S., Kobayashi, M.J., Satake, A., Shimizu, K.K., and, Kudoh, H., (2010) Robust control of the seasonal expression of the Arabidopsis FLC gene in a fluctuating environment. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 11632-11637.
    • (2010) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.107 , pp. 11632-11637
    • Aikawa, S.1    Kobayashi, M.J.2    Satake, A.3    Shimizu, K.K.4    Kudoh, H.5
  • 2
    • 45549105046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FLC or not FLC: The other side of vernalization
    • Alexandre, C.M., and, Hennig, L., (2008) FLC or not FLC: the other side of vernalization. J. Exp. Bot. 59, 1127-1135.
    • (2008) J. Exp. Bot. , vol.59 , pp. 1127-1135
    • Alexandre, C.M.1    Hennig, L.2
  • 4
    • 79961172475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Polycomb-based switch underlying quantitative epigenetic memory
    • Angel, A., Song, J., Dean, C., and, Howard, M., (2011) A Polycomb-based switch underlying quantitative epigenetic memory. Nature, 476, 105-108.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.476 , pp. 105-108
    • Angel, A.1    Song, J.2    Dean, C.3    Howard, M.4
  • 5
    • 0345581665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The major clades of MADS-box genes and their role in the development and evolution of flowering plants
    • Becker, A., and, Theissen, G., (2003) The major clades of MADS-box genes and their role in the development and evolution of flowering plants. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 29, 464-489.
    • (2003) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. , vol.29 , pp. 464-489
    • Becker, A.1    Theissen, G.2
  • 7
    • 0000780614 scopus 로고
    • Vernalization and its relations to dormancy
    • Chouard, P., (1960) Vernalization and its relations to dormancy. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 11, 191-238.
    • (1960) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. , vol.11 , pp. 191-238
    • Chouard, P.1
  • 8
    • 0032447801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floral dip: A simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana
    • Clough, S.J., and, Bent, A.F., (1998) Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 16, 735-743.
    • (1998) Plant J. , vol.16 , pp. 735-743
    • Clough, S.J.1    Bent, A.F.2
  • 10
    • 43449124993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vernalization-induced repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C stimulates flowering in Sinapis alba and enhances plant responsiveness to photoperiod
    • D'Aloia, M., Tocquin, P., and, Périlleux, C., (2008) Vernalization-induced repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C stimulates flowering in Sinapis alba and enhances plant responsiveness to photoperiod. New Phytol. 178, 755-765.
    • (2008) New Phytol. , vol.178 , pp. 755-765
    • D'Aloia, M.1    Tocquin, P.2    Périlleux, C.3
  • 11
    • 0032965912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo and in vitro flowering response of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.): Influence of plant age and vernalization
    • Demeulemeester, M.A.C., and, De Proft, M.P., (1999) In vivo and in vitro flowering response of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.): influence of plant age and vernalization. Plant Cell Rep. 18, 781-785.
    • (1999) Plant Cell Rep. , vol.18 , pp. 781-785
    • Demeulemeester, M.A.C.1    De Proft, M.P.2
  • 12
    • 68949210584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vernalization in cereals
    • Dennis, E.S., and, Peacock, W.J., (2009) Vernalization in cereals. J. Biol. 8, 57.
    • (2009) J. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 57
    • Dennis, E.S.1    Peacock, W.J.2
  • 14
    • 0000461280 scopus 로고
    • Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap
    • Felsenstein, J., (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution, 39, 783-791.
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 783-791
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 15
    • 36048973238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vernalization-induced trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 at FLC is not maintained in mitotically quiescent cells
    • Finnegan, E.J., and, Dennis, E.S., (2007) Vernalization-induced trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 at FLC is not maintained in mitotically quiescent cells. Curr. Biol. 17, 1978-1983.
    • (2007) Curr. Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 1978-1983
    • Finnegan, E.J.1    Dennis, E.S.2
  • 16
    • 0038459045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the molecular basis of flowering time variation in Arabidopsis accessions
    • Gazzani, S., Gendall, A.R., Lister, C., and, Dean, C., (2003) Analysis of the molecular basis of flowering time variation in Arabidopsis accessions. Plant Physiol. 132, 1107-1114.
    • (2003) Plant Physiol. , vol.132 , pp. 1107-1114
    • Gazzani, S.1    Gendall, A.R.2    Lister, C.3    Dean, C.4
  • 17
    • 0035900650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The VERNALIZATION 2 gene mediates the epigenetic regulation of vernalization in Arabidopsis
    • Gendall, A.R., Levy, Y.Y., Wilson, A., and, Dean, C., (2001) The VERNALIZATION 2 gene mediates the epigenetic regulation of vernalization in Arabidopsis. Cell, 107, 525-535.
    • (2001) Cell , vol.107 , pp. 525-535
    • Gendall, A.R.1    Levy, Y.Y.2    Wilson, A.3    Dean, C.4
  • 18
    • 0031436499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological and physiological aspects of phase transition in radicchio (Cichorium intybus L. var. silvestre Bisch.): Influence of daylength and its interaction with low temperature
    • Gianquinto, G., (1997) Morphological and physiological aspects of phase transition in radicchio (Cichorium intybus L. var. silvestre Bisch.): influence of daylength and its interaction with low temperature. Sci. Hortic. 71, 13-26.
    • (1997) Sci. Hortic. , vol.71 , pp. 13-26
    • Gianquinto, G.1
  • 19
    • 0029175495 scopus 로고
    • Morphological and physiological aspects of phase transition in radiccio (Cichorium intybus L. var. sylvestre Bischoff): The influence of temperature
    • Gianquinto, G., and, Pimpini, F., (1995) Morphological and physiological aspects of phase transition in radiccio (Cichorium intybus L. var. sylvestre Bischoff): the influence of temperature. Adv. Hortic. Sci. 9, 192-199.
    • (1995) Adv. Hortic. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 192-199
    • Gianquinto, G.1    Pimpini, F.2
  • 20
    • 74549125386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SeaView version 4: A multiplatform graphical user interface for sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree building
    • Gouy, M., Guindon, S., and, Gascuel, O., (2010) SeaView version 4: a multiplatform graphical user interface for sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree building. Mol. Biol. Evol. 27, 221-224.
    • (2010) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.27 , pp. 221-224
    • Gouy, M.1    Guindon, S.2    Gascuel, O.3
  • 21
    • 0242578620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple, fast, and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood
    • Guindon, S., and, Gascuel, O., (2003) A simple, fast, and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood. Syst. Biol. 52, 696-704.
    • (2003) Syst. Biol. , vol.52 , pp. 696-704
    • Guindon, S.1    Gascuel, O.2
  • 22
    • 84867151417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent FLC mutations as causes of flowering time variation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Capsella rubella
    • Guo, Y.L., Todesco, M., Hagmann, J., Das, S., and, Weigel, D., (2012) Independent FLC mutations as causes of flowering time variation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Capsella rubella. Genetics, 192, 729-739.
    • (2012) Genetics , vol.192 , pp. 729-739
    • Guo, Y.L.1    Todesco, M.2    Hagmann, J.3    Das, S.4    Weigel, D.5
  • 23
    • 0028500170 scopus 로고
    • The small, versatile pPZP family of Agrobacterium binary vectors for plant transformation
    • Hajdukiewicz, P., Svab, Z., and, Maliga, P., (1994) The small, versatile pPZP family of Agrobacterium binary vectors for plant transformation. Plant Mol. Biol. 25, 989-994.
    • (1994) Plant Mol. Biol. , vol.25 , pp. 989-994
    • Hajdukiewicz, P.1    Svab, Z.2    Maliga, P.3
  • 24
    • 33646832552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arabidopsis FLC protein interacts directly in vivo with SOC1 and FT chromatin and is part of a high-molecular-weight protein complex
    • Helliwell, C.A., Wood, C.C., Robertson, M., James Peacock, W., and, Dennis, E.S., (2006) The Arabidopsis FLC protein interacts directly in vivo with SOC1 and FT chromatin and is part of a high-molecular-weight protein complex. Plant J. 46, 183-192.
    • (2006) Plant J. , vol.46 , pp. 183-192
    • Helliwell, C.A.1    Wood, C.C.2    Robertson, M.3    James Peacock, W.4    Dennis, E.S.5
  • 25
    • 84865192845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flowering time control: Another window to the connection between antisense RNA and chromatin
    • Ietswaart, R., Wu, Z., and, Dean, C., (2012) Flowering time control: another window to the connection between antisense RNA and chromatin. Trends Genet. 28, 445-453.
    • (2012) Trends Genet. , vol.28 , pp. 445-453
    • Ietswaart, R.1    Wu, Z.2    Dean, C.3
  • 26
    • 0034644643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of FRIGIDA, a major determinant of natural variation in Arabidopsis flowering time
    • Johanson, U., West, J., Lister, C., Michaels, S., Amasino, R., and, Dean, C., (2000) Molecular analysis of FRIGIDA, a major determinant of natural variation in Arabidopsis flowering time. Science, 290, 344-347.
    • (2000) Science , vol.290 , pp. 344-347
    • Johanson, U.1    West, J.2    Lister, C.3    Michaels, S.4    Amasino, R.5    Dean, C.6
  • 27
    • 0000789763 scopus 로고
    • The effect of cold, anoxia and ethylene on the flowering ability of buds of Cichorium intybus
    • Joseph, C., Billot, J., Soudain, P., and, Côme, P., (1985) The effect of cold, anoxia and ethylene on the flowering ability of buds of Cichorium intybus. Physiol. Plant. 65, 146-150.
    • (1985) Physiol. Plant. , vol.65 , pp. 146-150
    • Joseph, C.1    Billot, J.2    Soudain, P.3    Côme, P.4
  • 28
    • 15544370965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MIKC-type MADS-domain proteins: Structural modularity, protein interactions and network evolution in land plants
    • Kaufmann, K., Melzer, R., and, Theissen, G., (2005) MIKC-type MADS-domain proteins: structural modularity, protein interactions and network evolution in land plants. Gene, 347, 183-198.
    • (2005) Gene , vol.347 , pp. 183-198
    • Kaufmann, K.1    Melzer, R.2    Theissen, G.3
  • 29
    • 0021277009 scopus 로고
    • A new method for calculating evolutionary substitution rates
    • Lanave, C., Preparata, G., Saccone, C., and, Serio, G., (1984) A new method for calculating evolutionary substitution rates. J. Mol. Evol. 20, 86-93.
    • (1984) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.20 , pp. 86-93
    • Lanave, C.1    Preparata, G.2    Saccone, C.3    Serio, G.4
  • 30
    • 45849154166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved general amino acid replacement matrix
    • Le, S.Q., and, Gascuel, O., (2008) An improved general amino acid replacement matrix. Mol. Biol. Evol. 25, 1307-1320.
    • (2008) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.25 , pp. 1307-1320
    • Le, S.Q.1    Gascuel, O.2
  • 31
    • 0029163893 scopus 로고
    • Effect of vernalization, photoperiod, and light quality on the flowering phenotype of Arabidopsis plants containing the FRIGIDA gene
    • Lee, I., and, Amasino, R.M., (1995) Effect of vernalization, photoperiod, and light quality on the flowering phenotype of Arabidopsis plants containing the FRIGIDA gene. Plant Physiol. 108, 157-162.
    • (1995) Plant Physiol. , vol.108 , pp. 157-162
    • Lee, I.1    Amasino, R.M.2
  • 32
    • 20444482139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS C expression by vernalization in cabbage and Arabidopsis
    • Lin, S.I., Wang, J.G., Poon, S.Y., Su, C.L., Wang, S.S., and, Chiou, T.J., (2005) Differential regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS C expression by vernalization in cabbage and Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 137, 1037-1048.
    • (2005) Plant Physiol. , vol.137 , pp. 1037-1048
    • Lin, S.I.1    Wang, J.G.2    Poon, S.Y.3    Su, C.L.4    Wang, S.S.5    Chiou, T.J.6
  • 33
    • 10044244768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SiRNAs targeting an intronic transposon in the regulation of natural flowering behavior in Arabidopsis
    • Liu, J., He, Y., Amasino, R., and, Chen, X., (2004) siRNAs targeting an intronic transposon in the regulation of natural flowering behavior in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev. 18, 2873-2878.
    • (2004) Genes Dev. , vol.18 , pp. 2873-2878
    • Liu, J.1    He, Y.2    Amasino, R.3    Chen, X.4
  • 34
    • 65249147076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a MADS FLOWERING LOCUS C-LIKE (MFL) sequence in Cichorium intybus: A comparative study of CiMFL and AtFLC reveals homologies and divergences in gene function
    • Locascio, A., Lucchin, M., and, Varotto, S., (2009) Characterization of a MADS FLOWERING LOCUS C-LIKE (MFL) sequence in Cichorium intybus: a comparative study of CiMFL and AtFLC reveals homologies and divergences in gene function. New Phytol. 182, 630-643.
    • (2009) New Phytol. , vol.182 , pp. 630-643
    • Locascio, A.1    Lucchin, M.2    Varotto, S.3
  • 35
    • 0033133554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FLOWERING LOCUS C encodes a novel MADS domain protein that acts as a repressor of flowering
    • Michaels, S.D., and, Amasino, R.M., (1999) FLOWERING LOCUS C encodes a novel MADS domain protein that acts as a repressor of flowering. Plant Cell, 11, 949-956.
    • (1999) Plant Cell , vol.11 , pp. 949-956
    • Michaels, S.D.1    Amasino, R.M.2
  • 36
    • 0035027844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of FLOWERING LOCUS C activity eliminates the late-flowering phenotype of FRIGIDA and autonomous pathway mutations but not responsiveness to vernalization
    • Michaels, S.D., and, Amasino, R.M., (2001) Loss of FLOWERING LOCUS C activity eliminates the late-flowering phenotype of FRIGIDA and autonomous pathway mutations but not responsiveness to vernalization. Plant Cell, 13, 935-941.
    • (2001) Plant Cell , vol.13 , pp. 935-941
    • Michaels, S.D.1    Amasino, R.M.2
  • 37
    • 0042190562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of FLOWERING LOCUS C activity as a mechanism for the evolution of summer-annual flowering behavior in Arabidopsis
    • Michaels, S.D., He, Y., Scortecci, K.C., and, Amasino, R.M., (2003) Attenuation of FLOWERING LOCUS C activity as a mechanism for the evolution of summer-annual flowering behavior in Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 10102-10107.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 10102-10107
    • Michaels, S.D.1    He, Y.2    Scortecci, K.C.3    Amasino, R.M.4
  • 38
    • 0008065311 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen über das vernalisations-verhalten einer winterannuellen rassen von Arabidopsis thaliana
    • Napp-Zin, K., (1957) Untersuchungen über das vernalisations- verhalten einer winterannuellen rassen von Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta, 50, 177-210.
    • (1957) Planta , vol.50 , pp. 177-210
    • Napp-Zin, K.1
  • 39
    • 0005514957 scopus 로고
    • Cichorium intybus and C. endivia
    • In (Halevy, A.H. ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press
    • Paulet, P., (1985) Cichorium intybus and C. endivia. In Handbook of Flowering (, Halevy, A.H., ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 265-271.
    • (1985) Handbook of Flowering , pp. 265-271
    • Paulet, P.1
  • 40
    • 0008204558 scopus 로고
    • The influence of climatic conditions and age of plant at transplanting on bolting and yield of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) cv. Rosso di Chioggia grown for early production
    • Pimpini, F., and, Gianquinto, G., (1988) The influence of climatic conditions and age of plant at transplanting on bolting and yield of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) cv. Rosso di Chioggia grown for early production. Acta Hortic. 229, 379-386.
    • (1988) Acta Hortic. , vol.229 , pp. 379-386
    • Pimpini, F.1    Gianquinto, G.2
  • 41
    • 84862667686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of a pseudo-response regulator gene in life cycle adaptation and domestication of beet
    • Pin, P.A., Zhang, W., Vogt, S.H., et al,. (2012) The role of a pseudo-response regulator gene in life cycle adaptation and domestication of beet. Curr. Biol., 22, 1095-1101.
    • (2012) Curr. Biol. , vol.22 , pp. 1095-1101
    • Pin, P.A.1    Zhang, W.2    Vogt, S.H.3
  • 43
    • 34548546846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary conservation of the FLOWERING LOCUS C-mediated vernalization response: Evidence from the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris)
    • Reeves, P.A., He, Y., Schmitz, R.J., Amasino, R.M., Panella, L.W., and, Richards, C.M., (2007) Evolutionary conservation of the FLOWERING LOCUS C-mediated vernalization response: evidence from the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Genetics, 176, 295-307.
    • (2007) Genetics , vol.176 , pp. 295-307
    • Reeves, P.A.1    He, Y.2    Schmitz, R.J.3    Amasino, R.M.4    Panella, L.W.5    Richards, C.M.6
  • 44
    • 0036859948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization and effects of the replicated flowering time gene FLC in Brassica rapa
    • Schranz, M.E., Quijada, P., Sung, S.B., Lukens, L., Amasino, R., and, Osborn, T.C., (2002) Characterization and effects of the replicated flowering time gene FLC in Brassica rapa. Genetics, 162, 1457-1468.
    • (2002) Genetics , vol.162 , pp. 1457-1468
    • Schranz, M.E.1    Quijada, P.2    Sung, S.B.3    Lukens, L.4    Amasino, R.5    Osborn, T.C.6
  • 45
    • 33645503705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transcription factor FLC confers a flowering response to vernalization by repressing meristem competence and systemic signaling in Arabidopsis
    • Searle, I., He, Y., Turck, F., Vincent, C., Fornara, F., Krober, S., Amasino, R.A., and, Coupland, G., (2006) The transcription factor FLC confers a flowering response to vernalization by repressing meristem competence and systemic signaling in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev. 20, 898-912.
    • (2006) Genes Dev. , vol.20 , pp. 898-912
    • Searle, I.1    He, Y.2    Turck, F.3    Vincent, C.4    Fornara, F.5    Krober, S.6    Amasino, R.A.7    Coupland, G.8
  • 46
    • 0033101487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The FLF MADS box gene: A repressor of flowering in Arabidopsis regulated by vernalization and methylation
    • Sheldon, C.C., Burn, J.E., Perez, P.P., Metzger, J., Edwards, J.A., Peacock, W.J., and, Dennis, E.S., (1999) The FLF MADS box gene: a repressor of flowering in Arabidopsis regulated by vernalization and methylation. Plant Cell, 11, 445-458.
    • (1999) Plant Cell , vol.11 , pp. 445-458
    • Sheldon, C.C.1    Burn, J.E.2    Perez, P.P.3    Metzger, J.4    Edwards, J.A.5    Peacock, W.J.6    Dennis, E.S.7
  • 48
    • 0036802446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different regulatory regions are required for the vernalization-induced repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C and for the epigenetic maintenance of repression
    • Sheldon, C.C., Conn, A.B., Dennis, E.S., and, Peacock, W.J., (2002) Different regulatory regions are required for the vernalization-induced repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C and for the epigenetic maintenance of repression. Plant Cell, 14, 2527-2537.
    • (2002) Plant Cell , vol.14 , pp. 2527-2537
    • Sheldon, C.C.1    Conn, A.B.2    Dennis, E.S.3    Peacock, W.J.4
  • 49
    • 80054078476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast, scalable generation of high-quality protein multiple sequence alignments using Clustal Omega
    • Sievers, F., Wilm, A., Dineen, D., et al,. (2011) Fast, scalable generation of high-quality protein multiple sequence alignments using Clustal Omega. Mol. Syst. Biol. 7, 539.
    • (2011) Mol. Syst. Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 539
    • Sievers, F.1    Wilm, A.2    Dineen, D.3
  • 50
    • 44949113265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation and identity of florigen: FLOWERING LOCUS T moves center stage
    • Turck, F., Fornara, F., and, Coupland, G., (2008) Regulation and identity of florigen: FLOWERING LOCUS T moves center stage. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 59, 573-594.
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. , vol.59 , pp. 573-594
    • Turck, F.1    Fornara, F.2    Coupland, G.3
  • 52
    • 0037129827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes
    • Vandesompele, J., De Preter, K., Pattyn, F., Poppe, B., Van Roy, N., De Paepe, A., and, Speleman, F., (2002) Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes. Genome Biol. 3, 0034.1-0034.11.
    • (2002) Genome Biol. , vol.3 , pp. 00341-003411
    • Vandesompele, J.1    De Preter, K.2    Pattyn, F.3    Poppe, B.4    Van Roy, N.5    De Paepe, A.6    Speleman, F.7
  • 53
    • 58549105631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total RNA isolation from dry and germinating rice seeds for gene expression studies
    • Vergara, G.V., and, Ismail, A.M., (2008) Total RNA isolation from dry and germinating rice seeds for gene expression studies. Int. Rice Res. Notes, 32, 35-36.
    • (2008) Int. Rice Res. Notes , vol.32 , pp. 35-36
    • Vergara, G.V.1    Ismail, A.M.2
  • 55
    • 0027132974 scopus 로고
    • Maximum-likelihood estimation of phylogeny from DNA sequences when substitution rates differ over sites
    • Yang, Z., (1993) Maximum-likelihood estimation of phylogeny from DNA sequences when substitution rates differ over sites. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10, 1396-1401.
    • (1993) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.10 , pp. 1396-1401
    • Yang, Z.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.